MFGZubr

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widziany: 29.04.2016 11:15

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3957 plików
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MFGZubr

	Byzantium
	Carthage - Phoenicia (Kartagina - Fenicja)
	Crusaders (Krzyżowcy)
	Crusaders (Krzyżowcy)(1)
	Crusaders (Krzyżowcy)(2)
	Dokumenty
	Galeria
	Germans
	Gothes (Goci - Z Gotlandii poprzez teren dzisiejszej Polski wędrowali na nadczarnomorski step)
	Greckie miasta-kolonie handlowe na wybrzeżu Morza Czarnego
	Greece - Sparta
	Greece (Grecja)
	Hittites (Hetyci - Pierwsza indo-europejska cywilizacja, Centralna Anatolia)
	Huns ( Hunowie po 375 AD zniszczyli potężne państwo Sarmatia )
	Hurrians ( Huryci z królestw Mitanni i Urartu - Przodkowie Czeczenów)
	Kultura Przeworska - Lugiowie plemię Swebów - przodkowie Wandałow i Burgundów, między Wisłą i Odrą
	Polska prehistoryczna i średniowieczna
	Polska przedwojenna
	Prusy
	Prywatne
	Roman Army - Rzymska Armia
	Rome
	Russia
	Samuraje
	Spanish Civil War-Guerra Civil Espanola 1936-1939
	Thraco-Phrygian - (Grupa Tracko-Frygijska - Indo-europejczycy z obu stron cieśniny Bosforu)
	Troy
	Visigoths (Wizygoci - razem z Alanami stworzyli na Połwyspie Iberyjskim swoje państwo)
	Wikingowie-Warego wie-Normanowie
	World War II
	zachomikowane

Ostatnio pobierane pliki

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David Johnston - Roman Law in Context (1999).pdf

The Modern Scholar - Thomas F. Madden - Decline and Fa....pdf

Emilio Gabba - Republican Rome, the Army, and the Alli....pdf

Attila the Hun [2001] cd1.avi

GATUNEK: PRZYGODOWY, WOJENNY, DRAMAT HISTORYCZNY, A ...

Attila the Hun [2001] cd2.avi

Russia

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1,8 MB
9 kwi 12 7:15

Catherine Merridale - Ivan's War, Life and Death i n the Red Army, 1939-1945 (2006).pdf

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Jennifer I. Considine, William A. Kerr - The Russi an Oil Economy (2002).jpg

‘This impressive intellectual endeavour tells you everything your wanted to know about the Russian oil industry but were afraid to ask. Even for those of us, who haven’t been afraid to ask, it has a wealth of information for anyone who wants to follow this interesting industry through the vagaries of its convoluted past.’

- Carol Dahl, Colorado School of Mines

‘A timely review of the sometime triumphs and repeated failures of Russian oil industry planning. As this comprehensive volume makes clear, the interaction between Russia and global oil markets has often been critical. Over the last century, Russia has played a leading role in oil economics, and as the authors demonstrate, Russia’s untamed power may yet bring turmoil to western oil companies and middle-eastern governments. Despite the spottiness of economic reforms in the 1990s and the incomplete privatization of the oil industry described by Considine and Kerr, the ascendancy of Putin is leading to another surge in Russian oil exports and OPEC’s effort to stabilize prices appears to hang in the balance. The Russian Oil Economy is one of the few studies that puts these events into perspective while offering insights into the outcome.’

- Adam Siemenski, Deutsche Bank Securities

‘In the old days we used to discuss international oil and energy in terms of WOCA, the World Outside the Communist Areas. This was because no-one knew what was happening within the USSR (or China). Now, Jennifer Considine and William Kerr have provided us with a book that tells us more than we could ever have imagined we would ever know about the Oil Economy of Russia. The final nail, it might be said, in the coffin of WOCA.’

- Ian Skeet, Oxford Energy Forum, Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, UK

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Jennifer I. Considine, William A. Kerr - The Russi an Oil Economy (2002).djvu

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Allen C. Lynch - How Russia is Not Ruled, Reflecti ons on Russian Political Development (2005)(1).jpg

As Russia tries to establish the foundations of a stable and productive market-based economic system, it must determine the importance of the state to its prospects. What kind of political order corresponds to the challenges that Russia faces in the post-Soviet period? This analysis argues that geography matters a great deal and the state remains central in compensating for the austere implications of economic geography for Russia's economic prospects under market circumstances.

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9 kwi 12 7:15

Joel M. Ostrow, Georgiy A. Satarov, Irina M. Khaka mada - The Consolidation of Dictatorship in Russia , An Inside View of the Demise of Democracy (2007).JPG

Russia - Joel M. Ostrow, Georgiy A. Satarov, Irina M. Khakamada -... Russia, An Inside View of the Demise of Democracy 2007.JPG

The still-prevailing notion among Western powers, including the United States, is that Russia is a democracy, or at least that it remains in the process of democratization. Nothing could be further from the truth, as Ostrow, Satarov, and Khakamada demonstrate in The Consolidation of Dictatorship in Russia. Journalists critical of Vladimir Putin's dictatorship, such as Anna Politkovskaya, are murdered. Nearly 100 investigative journalists, an average of two per month, have been murdered since Putin took power, and not one person has been charged or convicted of those crimes. Others critical of or in opposition to Putin often meet the same fate, as in the suspicious poisoning in London of Aleksandr Litvinenko. How did Russia manage to transition from dictatorship to dictatorship, when the hopes for democracy were so great and when Western conventional wisdom assumed for so long that democracy was inevitable there? The Consolidation of Dictatorship in Russia answers that question. Georgiy A. Satarov was President Boris Yeltsin's chief political counselor for much of the 1990s, and in that capacity was inside the Kremlin and present when most of the decisions this book details were made. Irina M. Khakamada was a Deputy in the Russian State Duma, a Deputy Speaker in the parliament, held a cabinet-level position in the government, and most recently was Putin's main liberal opponent in the 2004 presidential election. These individuals are among Russia's most prominent democratic activists and were participants in the events that led Russia away from the path of democratization. They share a unique perspective and knowledge of what happened and why. The authors seek to explain not just what Russia did and the consequences of those decisions, but why Russia's leaders made the choices that undermined democratic political development, something no book has done until now.

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9 kwi 12 7:15

Joel M. Ostrow, Georgiy A. Satarov, Irina M. Khaka mada - The Consolidation of Dictatorship in Russia , An Inside View of the Demise of Democracy (2007).pdf

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227 KB
9 kwi 12 7:15

Ben Shepherd - War in the Wild East, The German Ar my and Soviet Partisans (1985).jpg

In Nazi eyes, the Soviet Union was the "wild east," a savage region ripe for exploitation, its subhuman inhabitants destined for extermination or helotry. An especially brutal dimension of the German army's eastern war was its anti-partisan campaign. This conflict brought death and destruction to thousands of Soviet civilians, and has been held as a prime example of ordinary German soldiers participating in the Nazi regime's annihilation policies.

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9 kwi 12 7:15

Ben Shepherd - War in the Wild East, The German Ar my and Soviet Partisans (1985).pdf

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9 kwi 12 7:15

Jonathan Frankel - Crisis, Revolution, and Russian Jews (2008).jpg

This collection of essays examines the politicization and the politics of the Jewish people in the Russian empire during the late tsarist period. The focal point is the Russian revolution of 1905, when the political mobilization of the Jewish youth took on massive proportions, producing a cohort of radicalized activists - committed to socialism, nationalism, or both - who would exert an extraordinary influence on Jewish history in the twentieth-century in Eastern Europe, the United States, and Palestine. Frankel describes the dynamics of 1905 and the leading role of the intelligentsia as revolutionaries, ideologues, and observers. But, elsewhere, he also looks backwards to the emergent stage of modern Jewish politics in both Russia and the West and forward to the part played by the veterans of 1905 in Palestine and the United States.

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9 kwi 12 7:15

Jonathan Frankel - Crisis, Revolution, and Russian Jews (2008).pdf

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Michael Haynes, Rumy Husan - A Century of State Mu rder - Death and Policy in Twentieth Century Russi a (2003).jpg

Russia has one of the lowest rates of adult life expectancy in the world. Average life expectancy for a man in America is 74; in Russia, it is just 59. Birth rates and population levels have also plummeted. These excess levels of mortality affect all countries that formed the former Soviet bloc. Running into many millions, they raise obvious comparisons with the earlier period of forced transition under Stalin. This book seeks to put the recent history of the transition into a longer term perspective by identifying, explaining and comparing the pattern of change in Russia in the last century. It offers a sharp challenge to the conventional wisdom and benign interpretations offered in the west of what has happened since 1991. Through a careful survey of the available primary and secondary sources, Mike Haynes and Rumy Husan have produced the first and most complete and accurate account of Russian demographic crisis from the revolution to the present.

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9 kwi 12 7:15

Michael Haynes, Rumy Husan - A Century of State Mu rder - Death and Policy in Twentieth Century Russi a (2003).pdf

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9 kwi 12 7:15

Peter Kolchin - Unfree Labor, American Slavery and Russian Serfdom (199O).jpg

Two massive systems of unfree labor arose, a world apart from each other, in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. The American enslavement of blacks and the Russian subjection of serfs flourished in different ways and varying degrees until they were legally abolished in the mid-nineteenth century. Historian Peter Kolchin compares and contrasts the two systems over time in this magisterial book, which clarifies the organization, structure, and dynamics of both social entities, highlighting their basic similarities while pointing out important differences discernible only in comparative perspective.

These differences involved both the masters and the bondsmen. The independence and resident mentality of American slaveholders facilitated the emergence of a vigorous crusade to defend slavery from outside attack, whereas an absentee orientation and dependence on the central government rendered serfholders unable successfully to defend serfdom. Russian serfs, who generally lived on larger holdings than American slaves and faced less immediate interference in their everyday lives, found it easier to assert their communal autonomy but showed relatively little solidarity with peasants outside their own villages; American slaves, by contrast, were both more individualistic and more able to identify with all other blacks, both slave and free.

Kolchin has discovered apparently universal features in master-bondsman relations, a central focus of his study, but he also shows their basic differences as he compares slave and serf life and chronicles patterns of resistance. If the masters had the upper hand, the slaves and serfs played major roles in shaping, and setting limits to, their own bondage.

This truly unprecedented comparative work will fascinate historians, sociologists, and all social scientists, particularly those with an interest in comparative history and studies in slavery.

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9 kwi 12 7:15

Peter Kolchin - Unfree Labor, American Slavery and Russian Serfdom (199O).pdf

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Li-Chen - The Rise and Fall of Privatization in th e Russian Oil Industry (2008).jpg

This book is a study of the actors and institutions that shaped decision-making on privatization in the Russian oil industry between 1992 and 2006. Li-Chen analyzes the origins of privatization as a policy on a macro, industry-wide level, as well as presenting three in-depth case studies of privatization on a company level.

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9 kwi 12 7:15

Li-Chen - The Rise and Fall of Privatization in th e Russian Oil Industry (2008).pdf

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Yegor Gaidar - Collapse of an Empire, Lessons for Modern Russia (2007).jpg

In today's Russia, nostalgia for the Soviet era is growing. Many Russians reflect wistfully on the passing of an era when the Soviet Union was a superpower, commanding international respect, and they blame its demise on external enemies and foolish changes in policy. In an address to the Russian Federal Assembly, President Vladimir Putin called the breakup of the Soviet Union the greatest geopolitical catastrophe of the 20th century. In Collapse of an Empire: Lessons for Modern Russia, however, economic reformer and former prime minister Yegor Gaidar clearly illustrates why such notions are misguided, ill informed, and dangerous. As he explains in the introduction: "My goal is to show the reader that the Soviet political and economic system was unstable by its very nature. It was just a question of when and how it would collapse.

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9 kwi 12 7:15

Yegor Gaidar - Collapse of an Empire, Lessons for Modern Russia (2007).pdf

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Peter Duncan - Russian Messianism, Third Rome, Hol y Revolution, Communism and After (2000).jpg

This is the first book in English for half a century to examine the complexities of Russian messianism, both as a whole and in its interaction with Communism. Peter Duncan considers its Orthodox roots and focuses on Russia's geopolitical experience and situation to explain the endurance of this phenomenon.

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9 kwi 12 7:15

Peter Duncan - Russian Messianism, Third Rome, Hol y Revolution, Communism and After (2000).pdf

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Lydia Black - Russians in Alaska 1732-1867 (2004).jpg

This definitive work, the crown jewel in the distinguished career of Russian America scholar Lydia T. Black, presents a comprehensive overview of the Russian presence in Alaska. Drawing on extensive archival research and employing documents only recently made available to scholars, Black shows how Russian expansion was the culmination of centuries of social and economic change.

Black’s work challenges the standard perspective on the Russian period in Alaska as a time of unbridled exploitation of Native inhabitants and natural resources. Without glossing over the harsher aspects of the period, Black acknowledges the complexity of relations between Russians and Native peoples.

She chronicles the lives of ordinary men and women—the merchants and naval officers, laborers and clergy—who established Russian outposts in Alaska. These early colonists carried with them the Orthodox faith and the Russian language; their legacy endures in architecture and place names from Baranof Island to the Pribilofs.

This deluxe volume features fold-out maps and color illustrations of rare paintings and sketches from Russian, American, Japanese, and European sources—many have never before been published. An invaluable source for historians and anthropologists, this accessible volume brings to life a dynamic period in Russian and Alaskan history. A tribute to Black’s life as a scholar and educator, Russians in Alaska will become a classic in the field.

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Lydia Black - Russians in Alaska 1732-1867 (2004).pdf

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Ellen Carnaghan - Out of Order, Russian Political Values in an Imperfect World (2007).jpg

One common explanation for the failure of democracy to take root in Russia more quickly and more thoroughly than it has points to inherited cultural values that predispose Russian citizens to favor an autocratic type of governance. Ellen Carnaghan takes aim at this cultural-determinist thesis in her study of Russian attitudes, based on intensive interviews with more than sixty citizens from all walks of life and a variety of political orientations.

What she finds is that, rather than being influenced by an antidemocratic and anticapitalist ideology, these ordinary citizens view the economic and political system in Russia today very critically because it simply does not function well for them in meeting their everyday needs. They long for order not because they eschew democracy and free markets in any fundamental way, but because they experience them currently as chaotic and unpredictable, leading to constant frustration. As a result, there is reason to be optimistic about further progress in democratization: it depends on improving the functioning of existing institutions, not transforming deep-rooted cultural norms.

In the Conclusion, Carnaghan applies her argument to elucidating the reasons why Russians have responded favorably to what Westerners see as moves in an antidemocratic direction by Vladimir Putin's government.

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Ellen Carnaghan - Out of Order, Russian Political Values in an Imperfect World (2007).pdf

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Dmitry Shlapentokh - Russia Between East and West, Scholarly Debates on Eurasianism (2006).jpg

Throughout most of Russian history, two views of who the Russians are have dominated the minds of Russian intellectuals. Westerners assumed that Russia was part of the West, whilst Slavophiles saw Russia as part of a Slavic civilization. At present, it is Eurasianism that has emerged as the paradigm that has made attempts to place Russia in a broad civilizational context and it has recently become the only viable doctrine that is able to provide the very ideological justification for Russia's existence as a multiethnic state. Eurasians assert that Russia is a civilization in its own right, a unique blend of Slavic and non-Slavic, mostly Turkic, people. While it is one of the important ideological trends in present-day Russia, Eurasianism, with its origins among Russian emigrants in the 1920s, has a long history. Placing Eurasianism in a broad context, this book covers the origins of Eurasianism, dwells on Eurasianism's major philosophical paradigms, and places Eurasianism in the context of the development of Polish and Turkish thought. The final part deals with the modern modification of Eurasianism. The book is of great relevance to those who are interested in Russian/European and Asian history area studies.

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Dmitry Shlapentokh - Russia Between East and West, Scholarly Debates on Eurasianism (2006).pdf

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Kulikovskaya bitva 1380 (2001).jpg

В этой книге подробно описывается ход Куликовской битвы, предшествующие этому сражению события и его результаты. Кроме того, авторы, практически впервые в отечественной историографии, предприняли попытку на основе большинства известных изобразительных и археологических источников реконструировать облик участников битвы, представить различные варианты комплексов оборонительного и наступательного вооружения, характерные для войск Московской Руси, Золотой Орды и их возможных европейских союзников. Таким образом, читатели смогут представить себе как выглядели воины конца XIV века в различных концах Европы и Азии. Книга богато иллюстрирована, снабжена научным аппаратом и представляет интерес как для профессиональных историков и сотрудников музеев, так и для широкого круга читателей.

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Kulikovskaya bitva 1380 (2001).pdf

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Karl W. Ryavec - The Russian Bureaucracy, Power an d Pathology (2005).jpg

This unique study provides an original, nitty-gritty view of the true nature and operation of Russia's state bureaucracy from the imperial period to the present, including the Putin presidency. The only book-length exploration of the problems and deficiencies of Russian bureaucracy since tsarist times, this detailed work sheds important new light on Russian public administration, an often-overlooked but key barrier to Russian normalization and democratization.

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