MFGZubr

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MFGZubr

	Byzantium
	Carthage - Phoenicia (Kartagina - Fenicja)
	Crusaders (Krzyżowcy)
	Crusaders (Krzyżowcy)(1)
	Crusaders (Krzyżowcy)(2)
	Dokumenty
	Galeria
	Germans
	Gothes (Goci - Z Gotlandii poprzez teren dzisiejszej Polski wędrowali na nadczarnomorski step)
	Greckie miasta-kolonie handlowe na wybrzeżu Morza Czarnego
	Greece - Sparta
	Greece (Grecja)
	Hittites (Hetyci - Pierwsza indo-europejska cywilizacja, Centralna Anatolia)
	Huns ( Hunowie po 375 AD zniszczyli potężne państwo Sarmatia )
	Hurrians ( Huryci z królestw Mitanni i Urartu - Przodkowie Czeczenów)
	Kultura Przeworska - Lugiowie plemię Swebów - przodkowie Wandałow i Burgundów, między Wisłą i Odrą
	Polska prehistoryczna i średniowieczna
	Polska przedwojenna
	Prusy
	Prywatne
	Roman Army - Rzymska Armia
	Rome
	Russia
	Samuraje
	Spanish Civil War-Guerra Civil Espanola 1936-1939
	Thraco-Phrygian - (Grupa Tracko-Frygijska - Indo-europejczycy z obu stron cieśniny Bosforu)
	Troy
	Visigoths (Wizygoci - razem z Alanami stworzyli na Połwyspie Iberyjskim swoje państwo)
	Wikingowie-Warego wie-Normanowie
	World War II
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Ostatnio pobierane pliki

Theofanis G. Stavrou - Russia Under the Last Tsar (1969).pdf

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E. A. Thompson- The Goths in Spain (1969).pdf

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Byzantium

Galeria

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28,1 MB
9 kwi 12 7:09

Ljubomir Maksimovic - The Byzantine Provincial Adm inistration Under the Paloiologoi (1988).pdf

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Alan Cameron - Circus Factions, Blues and Greens a t Rome and Byzantium (1976).jpg

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Alan Cameron - Circus Factions, Blues and Greens a t Rome and Byzantium (1976).pdf

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Dean A. Miller - Imperial Constantinople (1969).jpg

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Dean A. Miller - Imperial Constantinople (1969).pdf

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Michael Angold - Byzantine Aristocracy (1985).jpg

The notion of aristocracy has been a godsend to modern historians : it is so admirably imprecise. It literally means the rule of the beat, but it leaves in doubt who are the best-fitted to rule; the assumption being that those who have power are best-fitted to exercise it. Aristocracy has therefore come to mean little more than a ruling class, but, because power so often descends within a family fro one generation to the next, the word is usually given hereditary overtones. Aristocracy and nobility are therefore often taken to be no more than different sides of the same coin. The formwer deals in the exercise of power, the latter in the qualities and the qualifications needed. A shift in the meaning of nobility will alter the character of aristocracy and vice versa.

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9 kwi 12 7:09

Michael Angold - Byzantine Aristocracy (1985).pdf

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Donald M. Nicol - The Immortal Emperor, The Life a nd Legend of Constantine Palaiologos, Last Emperor of the Romans (1993).jpg

Byzantium - Donald M. Nicol - The Immortal Emperor, The Life and L...nstantine Palaiologos, Last Emperor of the Romans 1993.jpg

Constantine XI Palaiologos was the last Christian Emperor of Constantinople and Byzantium. In 1453, when Constantinople fell to the Ottoman Turks, he was last seen fighting at the city walls, but the actual circumstances of his death have remained surrounded in myth. In the years that followed it was said that he was not dead but sleeping - the 'immortal emperor' turned to marble, who would one day be awakened by an angel and drive the Turks out of his city and empire. Donald Nicol's book tells the gripping story of Constantine's life and death, and ends with an intriguing account of claims by reputed descendants of his family - some remarkably recent - to be heirs to the Byzantine throne.

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9 kwi 12 7:09

Donald M. Nicol - The Immortal Emperor, The Life a nd Legend of Constantine Palaiologos, Last Emperor of the Romans (1993).pdf

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9 kwi 12 7:09

Michael F. Hendy - Studies in the Byzantine Moneta ry Economy c.300-1450 (1985).jpg

This is the first major study of the Byzantine coinage set in the wider context of finance, administration and economy. The book consists of four main sections, on economy and society, on finance, and on the circulation and production of coinage, and has made an unrivalled contribution in the field of late classical,Byzantine and medieval economic history.

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9 kwi 12 7:09

Michael F. Hendy - Studies in the Byzantine Moneta ry Economy c.300-1450 (1985).pdf

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Rosemary Morris - Monks and Laymen in Byzantium, 8 43-1118 (1995).jpg

In Byzantium monks did not form a separate caste, apart from society. They formed part of a nexus of social, economic and spiritual relationships that bound together the "powerful" in the middle Byzantine state. Using hagiography, chronicles and, in particular, the newly-available archives of the Athonite monasteries, this book reassesses the role of monks in Byzantine society and examines the reasons for the flowering of the monastic life in the period from the end of iconoclasm to the beginning of the twelfth century.

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Rosemary Morris - Monks and Laymen in Byzantium, 8 43-1118 (1995).djvu

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Sigfús Blöndal, Benedikt Benedikz - The Varangians of Byzantium (2007).jpg

Byzantium - Sigfs Blndal, Benedikt Benedikz - The Varangians of Byzantium 2007.jpg

An aura of romance has clung about the Varangians for over six centuries. This book examines how the Norsemen came to be drawn into the Imperial service until the greatest of all the Emperors of the East, Basil II, formed them into the regiment of guards which was to give unique service to the Empire. It surveys the history of the regiment down to the collapse of High Byzantium in 1204 and traces the remnant of the Varangians to the very last day of the Empire in May 1453.

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9 kwi 12 7:09

Sigfús Blöndal, Benedikt Benedikz - The Varangians of Byzantium (2007).djvu

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Walter E. Kaegi - Byzantium and the Early Islamic Conquests (1992).jpg

This is a study of how and why the Byzantine empire lost many of its most valuable provinces to Islamic conquerors in the seventh century, provinces that included Syria, Palestine, Mesopotamia and Armenia. It investigates conditions on the eve of those conquests, mistakes in Byzantine policy toward the Muslims, the course of the military campaigns, and the problem of local official and civilian collaboration with the Muslims. It also seeks to explain how after some terrible losses the Byzantine government achieved some intellectual rationalization of its disasters and began the complex process of transforming and adapting its fiscal and military institutions and political controls in order to prevent further disintegration.
• Comprehensive study of the ‘difficult’ chapter in Byzantine history by a well-established and highly-respected figure in the writing of Byzantine military history
• Kaegi’s treatment is unique: he alone among scholars of the period has read the Arabic sources in depth, and the book will now become the definitive work on the subject
• In dealing with military activities in a much-discussed part of the world, there are links with both the Runciman-type of middle eastern/Byzantine history and with contemporary issues of domination and empire

Contents
Preface
1. The problem of Byzantium and the early Islamic conquests
2. The Byzantine Empire in an era of accelerating change
3. Difficulties in devising defences for Syria
4. The first Muslim penetrations of Byzantine territory
5. Early tests in southern Palestine
6. Problems of cohesion: the battle of Jabiya-Yarmuk reconsidered
7. The brief struggle to save northern Syria and Byzantine Mesopotamia
8. Byzantium, Armenia, Armenians, and early Islamic conquests
9. Controversy and confidence in the seventh-century crisis
10. Elements of failure and endurance
Bibliography
Index.

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Walter E. Kaegi - Byzantium and the Early Islamic Conquests (1992).djvu

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Timothy Gregory - A History of Byzantium (2005).jpg

This book is a concise narrative of Byzantine history from the time of Constantine the Great in AD 306 to the fall of Constantinople in 1453. The author presents Byzantium as a vital society, important in its own right, but also one that served as a bridge between East and West, and ancient and modern society. A History of Byzantium uses the chronological political history of the empire as a narrative frame, but balances politics with a consideration of social and economic life and the rich culture of Byzantium. Visual documents, such as photographs of art, architecture, and implements from daily life, are used alongside the text to raise questions about life in the Byzantine Empire. The book is based on the latest scholarship and discusses the major historiographical questions for each period. At the same time, it is written in clear, narrative prose, making this fascinating period accessible to a wide readership.

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Osprey - Field of Glory 7 - Richard Bodley Scott - Decline and Fall, Byzantium at War (2008).jpg

Your once mighty empire stands alone. With enemies on all sides, Byzantium, the foremost power of the ancient world must endure or die. With "Decline and Fall", the "Field of Glory" companion you can recreate the epic struggle of Byzantium commanding its Kataphraktoi, Skoutatoi and Varangian guard, or one of its many enemies including Vandals, Visigoths, Lombards, Slavs, Arabs, Turks and Moors. Enhance your gameplay with this addition to the original rulebook, complete with organisational charts for hundreds of accurately researched troop types, detailed historical overviews and supporting maps and artwork.

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Osprey - David Nicolle - Fall of Constantinople, T he Ottoman Conquest of Byzantium (2007).jpg

"This very attractive book provides a good introduction to the Byzantine Empire, its army, and the defenses of Constantinople, along with a relatively brief description of the siege of 1453, where the Sultan's use of massive cannon may well have been the key factor in the fall of the city. Anyone with an interest in this period who does not already own this Osprey volume will appreciate this bargain." -Bolling Smith, "The Coast Defense Journal" (August 2007)
"The Fall of Constantinople "is a pick for any collection strong in early history, particularly of the Roman Empire era. It follows the fall of the Roman Empire in general and Byzantium's eight-century struggle for survival... It's a powerful survey not to be missed." -"The Midwest Book Review

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Osprey - Fortress 25 - Stephen Tumbull - The Walls of Constantinople AD 324-1453 (2004).jpg

The walls of Constantinople are the greatest surviving example of European medieval military architecture in the world. They withstood numerous sieges until being finally overcome by the artillery of Mehmed the Conqueror in 1453, and exist today as a time capsule of Byzantine and Medieval history. This book examines the main defensive system protecting the landward side of the city, which consisted of three parallel walls about 5 miles long. The walls defended the city against intruders, including Attila the Hun, before finally being breached by European knights during the fourth Crusade in 1204 and, ultimately, destroyed by Turkish artillery in 1453.

About the Author
Stephen Tumbull is recognised as one of the world's foremost military historians of the medieval and early modern periods. He first rose to prominence as a result of his extensive writings on the samurai, and has since written on less familiar areas of military history such as Korea, Eastem Europe and the Baltic states. Peter Dennis was born in 1950 and, having been inspired by contemporary magazines such as 'Look and Learn,' he studied illustration at Liverpool Art College. He has since contributed to hundreds of books, predominantly on hstorical subjects. He is a keen wargarner and modelmaker.

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