War and Peace is a novel by Leo Tolstoy, first published from 1865 to 1869 in Russkii Vestnik, which tells the story of Russian society during the Napoleonic Era.
It is usually described as one of Tolstoy's two major masterpieces (the other being Anna Karenina) as well as one of the world's greatest novels.

War and Peace offered a new kind of fiction, with a great many characters caught up in a plot that covered nothing less than the grand subjects indicated by the title, combined with the equally large topics of youth, marriage, age, and death. Though it is often called a novel today, it broke so many conventions of the form that it was not considered a novel in its time. Indeed, Tolstoy himself considered Anna Karenina (1878) to be his first attempt at a novel in the European sense.

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Lev Nikolayevich Tolstoy - War and Peace (1869).pdf

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Harold Bloom - Leo Tolstoy (1986).jpg

Tolstoy's quest for truth transcended his roles as a philosopher, soldier, proprietor, and devoted family man. He approached his writing with a conviction that truth can be found and must be embraced. This volume studies Tolstoy extensively, including his War and Peace, Resurrection, and Family Happiness.
This title, Leo Tolstoy, part of Chelsea House Publishers' Modern Critical Views series, examines the major works of Leo Tolstoy through full-length critical essays by expert literary critics. In addition, this title features a short biography on Leo Tolstoy, a chronology of the author's life, and an introductory essay written by Harold Bloom, Sterling Professor of the Humanities, Yale University.

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Harold Bloom - Leo Tolstoy (1986).pdf

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Leo Tolstoy, Confession (1984).jpg

Confession is Leo Tolstoy's memoir of midlife spiritual crisis. In 1879, having written War and Peace and Anna Karenina, the 51 year-old Tolstoy began to believe that his life was meaningless. Confession is his account of the limited satisfactions he derived from his aesthetic and intellectual triumphs, and of his first yearnings for real faith. This book marks the turning point in his career as a writer: after 1880 he would write almost exclusively about religious life, especially devotion among the peasantry (in works such as The Death of Ivan Ilych and Resurrection). Near the end of Confession, Tolstoy describes the desolation he felt upon deciding that he could not solve his crisis of faith by taking refuge in the church. "I have no doubt that there is truth in the doctrine," he writes, "but there can also be no doubt that it harbors a lie; and I must find the truth and the lie so I can tell them apart." Confession does not find the full Truth, but it offers an inspiring example of a man rejecting the lies that cling to unthinking orthodoxy. Its final, exhilarating, heart-rending account of a spiritually awakening dream ranks with the best of Christian mystical writing.

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Leo Tolstoy, Confession (1984).pdf

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Inessa Medzhibovskaya - Tolstoy and the Religious Culture of His Time, A Biography of a Long Convers ion, 1845-1887 (2009).jpg

Lew Tołstoj1 - Inessa Medzhibovskaya - Tolstoy and the Religious Cu...me, A Biography of a Long Conversion, 1845-1887 2009.jpg

My concern in this study is to explore the origin, progress, and result of a seemingly sudden change that took place in Tolstoy the novelist’s psyche in the mid-1870s, namely, his conversion. Religious conversion in the age of modernity is not an especially well understood phenomenon. Is it a process or a transport, divine illumination or conscious effort? A change for the better once and for all, or a meandering narrow path, a long road to Damascus? The pattern of St. Paul’s conversion will hardly help to explain that of Tolstoy. He had no revelatory experiences similar to St. Paul’s or Luther’s “tower experience” [Turmerlebnis] or Augustine’s encounter with the divine presence in the Roman garden or Aquinas’s experience on the Feast of St. Nicholas in 1273. He did not enjoy a life-altering acquaintance like Pascal’s with Jansenius.

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Inessa Medzhibovskaya - Tolstoy and the Religious Culture of His Time, A Biography of a Long Convers ion, 1845-1887 (2009).pdf

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Lew Tołstoj - Zmartwychwstanie.txt

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David Redfearn - Tolstoy, Principles for a New Wor ld Order (1992).jpg

Biographers have hailed Leo Tolstoy as a literary giant but have misunderstood or misrepresented what he regarded as his most important work, namely his attempt to formulate a consistent philosophy which took its inspiration from the Sermon on the Mount but addressed itself to the political and economic problems of the day. This is the first comprehensive treatment of this endeavour which occupied the last 30 years of his life. David Redfearn explains how Tolstoy came to realize that the state existed to protect and preserve the privileges of the few and that the Church connived at the situation. As the truth of this became more and more obvious to him, he abandoned his literary career and set out to explore the true meaning of Christianity and to devise a system for securing economic justice. Redfearn points out that this endeavour took many years and in the process Tolstoy went down a number of blind alleys, thus giving rise to inconsistencies. His own position as one of the privileged class exacerbated the situation, because he was torn between his desire to practice his philosophy and his duty to his family.

It is therefore on his mature philosophy that this part of his life should be judged. One of the great influences of his life, one which helped him clarify his economic thinking, was the work of his contemporary, the American social reformer Henry George. He was so impressed that in 1902 he urged the Tsar to introduce the tax and land tenure reforms advocated by George - to no avail. The full text of his letter is reproduced in the book. In his foreword Dr. Gorelov reveals that Tolstoy's later works are once more being studied by reformers in Russia seeking an alternative social philosophy to Marxism and capitalism. David Redfearn argues that Tolstoy's work is equally relevant to the industrialised West and the Third World for it was essentially a critique of the capitalist system.

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