The period from the Renaissance onward has seen several nations and their citizens explore areas beyond their own borders in attempts to discover and colonize new territory, thereby expanding their sphere of influence for economic reasons or, for some, to escape persecution in their own land. Whatever the reason, colonialism still has its effects on the modern world, whether it led to the birth of a new nation (as in the case of the U.S.) or helps to explain simmering tensions that remain in Africa and India. Editor Benjamin is a professor of Latin American history at Central Michigan University; according to his preface, this set "provides the most comprehensive, accessible, and international reference work about the entirety of Western Colonialism from the Portuguese voyages of Prince Henry the Navigator in the fifteenth century to the making of feature films about British colonialism in India in the twenty-first century." The encyclopedia contains 411 articles by 234 academically affiliated contributors and is liberally illustrated with more than 300 illustrations, maps, and charts. A thematic outline is included in the first volume; the set concludes with selected text from 29 primary sources (for example, Monroe Doctrine, Treaty of Utrecht) and a comprehensive index.

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Gareth Stedman Jones - An End To Poverty, A Histor ical Debate (2004).jpg

In the 1790s, for the first time, reformers proposed bringing poverty to an end. Inspired by scientific progress, the promise of an international economy, and the revolutions in France and the United States, political thinkers such as Thomas Paine and Antoine-Nicolas Condorcet argued that all citizens could be protected against the hazards of economic insecurity. In "An End to Poverty?" Gareth Stedman Jones revisits this founding moment in the history of social democracy and examines how it was derailed by conservative as well as leftist thinkers. By tracing the historical evolution of debates concerning poverty, Stedman Jones revives an important, but forgotten strain of progressive thought. He also demonstrates that current discussions about economic issues -- downsizing, globalization, and financial regulation -- were shaped by the ideological conflicts of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries.

Paine and Condorcet believed that republicanism combined with universal pensions, grants to support education, and other social programs could alleviate poverty. In tracing the inspiration for their beliefs, Stedman Jones locates an unlikely source-Adam Smith. Paine and Condorcet believed that Smith's vision of a dynamic commercial society laid the groundwork for creating economic security and a more equal society.

But these early visions of social democracy were deemed too threatening to a Europe still reeling from the traumatic aftermath of the French Revolution and increasingly anxious about a changing global economy. Paine and Condorcet were demonized by Christian and conservative thinkers such as Burke and Malthus, who used Smith's ideas to support a harsher vision ofsociety based on individualism and laissez-faire economics. Meanwhile, as the nineteenth century wore on, thinkers on the left developed more firmly anticapitalist views and criticized Paine and Condorcet for being too "bourgeois" in their thinking. Stedman Jones however, argues that contemporary social democracy should take up the mantle of these earlier thinkers, and he suggests that the elimination of poverty need not be a utopian dream but may once again be profitably made the subject of practical, political, and social-policy debates.

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Richard W. Kaeuper - Chivalry and Violence in Medi eval Europe (1999).jpg

This original and authoritative text reveals how chivalry was part of the problem of violence in medieval Europe, not merely its solution. The ideal was to internalize restraint in knights, but a close reading of chivalric literature shows chivalry also praised heroic violence by knights. This fascinating book lays bare the conflicts and paradoxes surrounding the concept of chivalry in medieval Europe.

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Richard W. Kaeuper - Chivalry and Violence in Medi eval Europe (1999).pdf

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Nathan Johnstone - The Devil and Demonism in Early Modern England (2006).jpg

Nathan Johnstone looks at the ways in which beliefs about the nature of the Devil and his power in human affairs changed as a consequence of the impact of the Reformation. Departing from the established focus on demonology as a component of witchcraft, he examines a wide range of religious and political milieux, such as practical divinity, Puritan godliness, anti-popery, polemic and propaganda, and popular culture. The concept of the Devil that emerges not only had a profound impact on the beliefs and practices of committed Protestants, but influenced the political debates of the reigns of Elizabeth I, James I and Charles I, as well as popular culture,

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Marbot's French Napoleonic Line Troops Vol. I (199 9).jpg

The French Napoleonic Line Troops Vol. I from the Alfred de Marbot Series originally published in France between 1840 and 1860. This famous series of plates is one of the most accurate primary sources on the French Army of the period.

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Marbot's French Napoleonic Line Troops Vol. I (199 9).pdf

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Marbot's French Napoleonic Line Troops Vol. II (19 99).jpg

The French Napoleonic Line Troops Vol. II from the Alfred de Marbot Series originally published in France between 1840 and 1860. This famous series of plates is one of the most accurate primary sources on the French Army of the period.

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24,3 MB
10 wrz 18 22:03

Marbot's French Napoleonic Line Troops Vol. II (19 99).pdf

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Marbot's Napoleon's Imperial Guard (2000).jpg

The Imperial Guard of Napoleon I 1795-1815 from the Alfred de Marbot Series originally published in France between 1840 and 1860. This famous series of plates is one of the most accurate primary sources on the French Army of the period.

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Marbot's Napoleon's Imperial Guard (2000).pdf

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Barbara Ann Kipfer - Dictionary of Artifacts (2007 ).jpg

"This is a well-planned, well-written and nicely produced volume. ... It will serve its target audience well." (Reference Reviews, April 2008)

"Definitions are written with the general reader in mind and address discovery, typology, dating, conservation, and decoration. ... This is a useful handbook for students and other lay readers interested in archaeology." (Library Journal)

"The nearly 3,000 entries are written in a style suitable for both specialists and general readers. They clarify terminology relating to many types of artifacts and representing a global range of the archaeological record--examples being cultural assemblages, time periods, and function. Beyond a basic level of identification by form and common characteristics, entries also address, as appropriate, questions of analysis, preservation and proper care, decoration, production methods and technology, well-known examples of each type of artifact, and types that are uniquely classified by their substance of manufacture. These types of data are often present in more general reference works on archaeology, but not usually treated as a separate dimension of the field." (CHOICE)

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Barbara Ann Kipfer - Dictionary of Artifacts (2007 ).pdf

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10 wrz 18 22:03

K, J. Kesselring - Northern rebellion of 1569, Fai th, Politics, and Protest in Elizabethan England ( 2007).jpg

All History - K, J. Kesselring - Northern rebellion of 1569, Faith,...th, Politics, and Protest in Elizabethan England 2007.jpg

This work offers the first full-length study of the only armed rebellion in Elizabethan England. Addressing recent scholarship on the Reformation and popular politics, it highlights the religious motivations of the rebel rank and file, the rebellion's afterlife in Scotland, and the deadly consequences suffered in its aftermath.

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1,6 MB
10 wrz 18 22:03

K, J. Kesselring - Northern rebellion of 1569, Fai th, Politics, and Protest in Elizabethan England ( 2007).pdf

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Kevin Kenny - Ireland and the British Empire (2004 ).jpg

This is the first comprehensive history of Ireland and the British Empire. It examines the different phases of Ireland's colonial status from the seventeenth century until the present, along with the impact of Irish people, politics, and nationalism on the Empire at large. The result is a new interpretation of Irish history and its place in the rise, expansion, and decline of the British Empire.

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3,2 MB
10 wrz 18 22:03

Kevin Kenny - Ireland and the British Empire (2004 ).pdf

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S. J. Barnett - The Enlightenment and Religion, Th e Myths of Modernity (2004).jpg

This title offers a critical survey of religious change and its causes in eighteenth-century Europe, and constitutes a radical challenge to the accepted views in traditional Enlightenment studies. Focusing on Enlightenment Italy, France and England, it illustrates how the canonical view of eighteenth-century religious change has in reality been constructed upon scant evidence and assumption, in particular the idea that the thought of the enlightened led to modernity. For despite a lack of evidence, one of the fundamental assumptions of Enlightenment studies has been the assertion that there was a vibrant Deist movement that formed the "intellectual solvent" of the eighteenth century. The central claim of this book is that the immense ideological appeal of the traditional birth-of-modernity myth has meant that the actual lack of Deists has been glossed over, and a quite misleading historical view has become entrenched.

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10 wrz 18 22:03

S. J. Barnett - The Enlightenment and Religion, Th e Myths of Modernity (2004).pdf

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Katherine Allen Smith - Negotiating Community and Difference in Medieval Europe, Gender, Power, Patr onage and the Authority of Religion in Latin Chris tendom (2009).jpg

All History - Katherine Allen Smith - Negotiating Community and Dif...d the Authority of Religion in Latin Christendom 2009.jpg

This collection builds on the foundational work of Penelope D. Johnson, John Boswell's most influential student outside queer studies, on integration and segregation in medieval Christianity. It documents the multiple strategies by which medieval people constructed identities and, in the process, wove the boundaries of inclusion and exclusion among various individuals and groups. The collection adopts an interdisciplinary approach, encompassing historical, art historical, and literary perpsectives to explore the definition of personal and communal spaces within medieval texts, the complex negotiation of the relationship between devotee and saint in both the early and the later Middle Ages, the forming of partnerships (symbolic, economic, devotional, etc.) between men and women across medieval Europe's considerable gender divide, and the ostracism of individuals and groups through various means including imprisonment, violence, and their identification with pollution.

Contributors include: Diane Peters Auslander, Constance Hoffman Berman, Elizabeth A.R. Brown, Alexandra Cuffel, Anne M. Schuchman, Jane Tibbetts Schulenburg, Katherine Allen Smith, Kathryn A. Smith, Christina Roukis-Stern, Susan Valentine, Susan Wade, and Scott Wells.

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Katherine Allen Smith - Negotiating Community and Difference in Medieval Europe, Gender, Power, Patr onage and the Authority of Religion in Latin Chris tendom (2009).pdf

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10 wrz 18 22:03

H. Krishna Sastri - South Indian Images of Gods an d Goddesses (1916).jpg

so on. Crowns and other rich and costly jewellery, set with gems and pearls (fig. 4), and often presented by Rajas and Chieftains or other rich devotees, are a special pride of the wealthier temples.The Brahmana priest is to purify himself by bath and prayers early morning, and then open the doors of the sanctum and
gently wake up the god, who is supposed to be sleeping, by chanting appropriate hymns in his praise.

Originally published in 1916. This volume from the Cornell University Library's print collections was scanned on an APT BookScan and converted to JPG 2000 format by Kirtas Technologies. All titles scanned cover to cover and pages may include marks notations and other marginalia present in the original volume.

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H. Krishna Sastri - South Indian Images of Gods an d Goddesses (1916).pdf

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Alan K. L. Chan - Philosophy and Religion in Early Medieval China (2010).jpg

Exploring a time of profound change, this book details the intellectual ferment after the fall of the Han dynasty. Questions about "heaven" and the affairs of the world that had seemed resolved by Han Confucianism resurfaced and demanded reconsideration. New currents in philosophy, religion, and intellectual life emerged to leave an indelible mark on the subsequent development of Chinese thought and culture. This period saw the rise of xuanxue ("dark learning" or "learning of the mysterious Dao"), the establishment of religious Daoism, and the rise of Buddhism. In examining the key ideas of xuanxue and focusing on its main proponents, the contributors to this volume call into question the often-presumed monolithic identity of this broad philosophical front. The volume also highlights the richness and complexity of religion in China during this period, examining the relationship between the Way of the Celestial Master and local, popular religious beliefs and practices, and discussing the relationship between religious Daoism and Buddhism.

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Alan K. L. Chan - Philosophy and Religion in Early Medieval China (2010).pdf

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Robin Margaret Jensen - Understanding Early Christ ian Art (2000).jpg

Robin Jensen has received a fair amount of press for her books, but I find nothing particularly new in her presentations. She clings resolutely to the outworn dichotomies of naturlism/realism, narrative/non-narrative, and the notion of "portraiture." She also continues to use theology in the "snippet" sense, rather than exploring the art itself as theology and trying to explain its relationship with written theological texts (either by region, theologian, liturgical texts, etc.). Her sole contribution in this area is the well-worn trajectory of iconic versus aniconic statements in various Christian theologians, one that has already been well-documented and needs no further treatment. Given her upbringing in an aniconic Protestant tradition, I find it odd that her current academic title is "Luce Chancellor's Professor of the History of Christian Worship and Art," particularly when she is responsible for presenting the liturgical history of Early Christianity. Liturgy is not simply an adjunct to imagery. Liturgy is the fitting worship of God that is the obligation of all creation. Therefore, it is cosmic. Therefore, understanding early Christian art, at least a large part of it, necessitates understanding Christian (i.e., Catholic) liturgy and I don't think Jensen really "gets" a priestly, sacrificial, sacramental worldview and that is absolute de rigueur if one wants to explain liturgy and early Christian art. Jensen may know all the monuments of early Christian art, but she doesn't really know how to explain them in a meaningful way. She would have done better to have read some ressourcement theology as preparation for writing her book.

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Robin Margaret Jensen - Understanding Early Christ ian Art (2000).pdf

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Roger D. Woodard - The Ancient Languages of Europe (2008).jpg

This book, derived from the acclaimed Cambridge Encyclopedia of the World's Ancient Languages, describes the ancient languages of Europe, for the convenience of students and specialists working in that area. Each chapter of the work focuses on an individual language or, in some instances, a set of closely related varieties of a language. Providing a full descriptive presentation, each of these chapters examines the writing system(s), phonology, morphology, syntax and lexicon of that language, and places the language within its proper linguistic and historical context.

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Deborah Cadbury - Terrible Lizard, The First Dinos aur Hunters and the Birth of a New Science (2001).jpg

In this comprehensive narrative, Cadbury (Altering Eden) tells the story of the first fossilists, whose discoveries challenged the religious convictions of their day as they struggled with the implications of new science. It begins with Mary Anning, who unearthed the skeleton of a monstrous creature beneath the cliffs of Dorset in 1812; Anning would earn the respect of her male peers, but not entry into their exclusive societies. Men like the eccentric Oxford don William Buckland sought to reconcile the biblical account of Noah's flood with the fossil record, while the brilliant Georges Cuvier posited a theory of "catastrophes" to explain the progression of life while still holding true to scripture. The ambitious Richard Owen, who coined the term dinosaur and claimed credit for the discovery of dinosaurs, used his prestige to discount early evolutionary theories in favor of his own backward-looking notions about a biblical past. Unlike his rival Gideon Mantell, whose studies in geology and paleontology laid the foundation for the new science, Owen rarely set foot in a quarry or dig, but he did, according to Cadbury, mine his share of fellow scientists' works for ideas he then claimed as his own. Cadbury makes much of the rivalry between the two men, and to good effect. Her focus on Owen's injustices against Mantell, Owen's corresponding rise to fame, and Mantell's ultimately tragic end lends momentum to her narrative, culminating in the advent of the evolutionary idea with Darwin's On the Origin of Species. This is a must-read book for dinosaur enthusiasts, and for anyone who has ever wondered about the source of our present-day assumptions and unanswered questions about human origins.

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Eduardo de J. Douglas - In the Palace of Nezahualc oyotl, Painting Manuscripts, Writing the Pre-Hispa nic Past in Early Colonial Period Tetzcoco, Mexico (2010).jpg

All History - Eduardo de J. Douglas - In the Palace of Nezahualcoyo...c Past in Early Colonial Period Tetzcoco, Mexico 2010.jpg

Around 1542, descendants of the Aztec rulers of Mexico created accounts of the pre-Hispanic history of the city of Tetzcoco, Mexico, one of the imperial capitals of the Aztec Empire. Painted in iconic script ("picture writing"), the Codex Xolotl, the Quinatzin Map, and the Tlohtzin Map appear to retain and emphasize both pre-Hispanic content and also pre-Hispanic form, despite being produced almost a generation after the Aztecs surrendered to Hernán Cortés in 1521. Yet, as this pioneering study makes plain, the reality is far more complex.
Eduardo de J. Douglas offers a detailed critical analysis and historical contextualization of the manuscripts to argue that colonial economic, political, and social concerns affected both the content of the three Tetzcocan pictorial histories and their archaizing pictorial form. As documents composed by indigenous people to assert their standing as legitimate heirs of the Aztec rulers as well as loyal subjects of the Spanish Crown and good Catholics, the Tetzcocan manuscripts qualify as subtle yet shrewd negotiations between indigenous and Spanish systems of signification and between indigenous and Spanish concepts of real property and political rights. By reading the Tetzcocan manuscripts as calculated responses to the changes and challenges posed by Spanish colonization and Christian evangelization, Douglas's study significantly contributes to and expands upon the scholarship on central Mexican manuscript painting and recent critical investigations of art and political ideology in colonial Latin America.

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