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widziany: 17.08.2021 10:16

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Nikt według Gandhiego nie zna absolutnej prawdy, nie powinien więc używać przemocy, by zmusić innych do zaakceptowania swego zdania.
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The size of the Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB) belied its influence; many saw it as a microcosm of the communist-capitalist struggle. It had a powerful presence in British society despite being a minority movement. Based upon newly available sources, Neil Redfern re-examines the movement and its relationship to imperialism. He traces the history of British communism from its gradualist roots and finds that, despite World War I, the 1917 revolution and mass movements in Asia, Africa and Latin America, CPGB remained Euro-centred and reformist rather than revolutionary, even supporting the post-1945 Labour government.

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Originally classified Secret and published by Studies in Intelligence in Spring 1972, this account describes the experiences of Sherman Kent and other senior CIA officers in briefing the leaders of Britain, France, Germany and Canada on the reasons behind US actions in the Cuban Missile Crisis. It is a revealing examination of the relationship between intelligence and policy, which explains how briefings are done, who does them, why they are (or are not) important, along with some reflections on the credibility of sources.

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Cold War Endgame is the product of an unusual collaborative effort by policymakers and scholars to promote better understanding of how the Cold War ended. It includes the transcript of a conference, hosted by former Secretary of State James Baker and former Soviet Foreign Minister Alexander Bessmertnykh, in which high-level veterans of the Bush and Gorbachev governments shared their recollections and interpretations of the crucial events of 1989-91: the revolutions in Eastern Europe; the reunification of Germany; the Persian Gulf War; the August 1991 coup; and the collapse of the USSR. Taking this testimony as a common reference and drawing on the most recent evidence available, six chapters follow in which historians and political scientists explore the historical and theoretical puzzles presented by this extraordinary transition. This discussion features a debate over the relative importance of ideas, personality, and economic pressures in explaining the Cold War's end.

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This book examines the introduction of Marxist philosophy to China from the early 1920s to the mid 1940s. It does this through an examination of the philosophical activities and writings of four Chinese Marxist philosophers central to this process. These are Qu Qiubai, Ai Siqi, Li Da and Mao Zedong. The book sets the philosophical writings of these philosophers in the context of the development of Marxist philosophy internationally, and examines particularly the influence on these philosophers of Soviet Marxist philosophy. It argues that these Chinese Marxist philosophers’ interpretations of Marxist philosophy were quite orthodox when judged by the standards of contemporary Soviet Marxism. The book explores core themes in Marxist philosophy in China, including the dilemma of determinism, and investigates the way in which these Chinese Marxist philosophers sought a formula for the ‘Sinification’ of Marxist philosophy that both retained the universal dimensions of Marxism and allowed its application to the Chinese context. The book concludes with analysis of the role of the Yanan New Philosophy Association in developing from Soviet Marxist philosophy the philosophical dimension of Mao Zedong Thought, the official ideology of the Chinese Communist Party after 1945.

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From WWII meetings at Casablanca, Tehran, Yalta and Potsdam to the far-flung shuttle diplomacy that brought about German unification, Smyser (The German Economy, etc.) provides a masterful account of diplomatic detail that deserves broad recognition and acclaim. Anything but a dry history, it reflects the high stakes, uncertain distribution of forces and hidden landscapes of risk that forged the Cold War era, dominated by centuries-old concerns for security, self-determination and national honor among all the contending powers. The copious details concern nuances of maneuver, positioning and interpretation that make for compelling drama. Drawing on a full range of sourcesAfrom diplomatic records, to personal recollections and his own interviewsASmyser provides an authoritative, remarkably engaging account. Its two weaknesses are the absence of any discussion of the persistence and resurgence of fascism in Germany, and an insider's insularity of focus and outlook. Smyser faithfully notes how leading figures who kept Berliners' (and all Germans') hopes aliveAGeneral Lucius Clay during the Berlin airlift, JFK with his "Ich bin ein Berliner" speech, Willy Brandt with his Ost-PolitikAdid so because their vision and instinct transcended the parameters of normal diplomatic thinking. Nevertheless, in the quality of its prose and the depth of its excavations into diplomatic and political activity, this is a valuable and exciting contribution.

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This accessible introduction to political philosophy explores the history of ideas and ways of thinking about society over the centuries, as part of a broader, historical narrative. Martin Cohen provides an overview of the work of the major political philosophers, from the Ancient Greeks to the Renaissance thinkers, the English liberals and the Continental radicals. Cohen sets each theory within its social context and provides a detailed account of the key texts, and an assessment of their influence. He concludes with an analysis of Chinese Marxism and the Maoist legacy and brings the narrative up to date with a discussion of Western capitalism and the Third Way. Arranged chronologically, the book includes concise summaries of key ideas and reading, and each chapter is prefaced by a timeline of significant events.

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This comprehensive introduction to Karl Marx's political economy includes extracts from The Communist Manifesto, Capital, The Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844, and The Poverty of Philosophy. This new selection from the writings of both Marx and Frederick Engels aims to enrich current discussions, offering in-depth analyses of the processes of international capital and by giving a sense of the long-term nature of the trends within global capitalism. Also included is a discussion of glabalization and a critique on capitalism.

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The majority of the existing work on nationalism has centered on its role in the creation of new states. After Independence breaks new ground by examining the changes to nationalism after independence in seven new states. This innovative volume challenges scholars and specialists to rethink conventional views of ethnic and civic nationalism and the division between primordial and constructivist understandings of national identity.

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This book describes the economic, social and political situation Arthur Ransome saw during his visit to Russia in February and March of 1919. Underlining the description of these events is the wrenching famine in Russia caused by the Civil War. In this work Ransome interviews several prominent members of the Soviet government as well as ordinary citizens of Soviet Russia. While Ransome's support of the Soviet society is evident in his critical but encouraging look at this new government struggling through a civil war, what is not evident is that Arthur Ransome was a British Secret agent working with MI6! (Biography) Nevertheless, in some ways this only increases the historical value of this work; being an apolitical individual in the search for information. Note that the author refers to dates before 1918 in the European, not Russian, sense. Before 1918 Russia used the Julian calendar . After 1918 the Soviet government switched Russia to the Gregorian calendar . Thus, when the author refers to the March revolution, in Russia it was the February revolution; and similarly when he refers to the November revolution, in Russia it was the October revolution.

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Communist persecution has been on the rise in all corners of China for half a century. The worst-suffering victims of this persecution are the Muslims of Eastern Turkestan. The success of any attempt to restore peace and security to the innocent people in China depends on the proper identification of the fundamental causes of oppression and an appropriate struggle against them. As you will also see in this book, the basic reason behind Chinese oppression is the materialist philosophy and communist ideology pervading the state.

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This landmark study of Zengbu, a Cantonese community, is the first comprehensive analysis of a rural Chinese society by foreign anthropologists since the Revolution of 1949. The authors examine the revolutionary experiences of Zengbu's peasant villagers and document the rapid changeover from Maoist to post-Maoist China. In particular, they seek to explain the persistence of the deep structure of Chinese culture through thirty years of revolutionary praxis.

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The Unknown Marx is an incisive critique of the way the West has revised and interpreted Marxist theory. Takahisa Oishi argues that Engels' and Lenin's summaries of Marx's system have now been taken by Western societies to represent the sum total of Marx's philosophy. By returning Marx's original writings, Oishi reveals the essential limitations of Engels' and Lenin's interpretations, and presents a fresh reexamination of the theories of one of the world's most influential political philosophers. By departing from Western and Stalinist approaches to Marxism, Oishi attempts to see Marx's writing in the way Marx saw it. In doing so, Oishi gives unique insight into the essence of what we think we know about Marx, evaluating the systematic forms of interpretation which have emerged along with encroaching capitalism. An insightful, highly controversial interpretation of the grand narratives about Marx.

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"Революция пожирает своих детей" - этот жестокий исторический закон не знает исключений. Поэтому в 1937 году не стоял вопрос "быть или не быть Большому Террору" - решалось лишь, насколько страшным и массовым он будет.
Кого считать меньшим злом - Сталина или оппозицию, рвущуюся к власти? Привела бы победа заговорщиков к отказу от политических расправ? Или ценой безжалостной чистки Сталин остановил репрессии еще более масштабные, кровавые и беспощадные? И где граница между Террором и Антитеррором?
Расследуя трагедию 1937 года, распутывая заскорузлые узлы прошлого, эта книга дает ответы на самые острые, самые "проклятые" и болезненные вопросы нашей истории.

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navak32565

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