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5,8 MB
16 kwi 14 12:53

Paul R. Gregory, Norman Naimark - The Lost Politbu ro Transcripts, From Collective Rule to Stalin's D ictatorship (2008).pdf

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Fiona Hill, Clifford G. Gaddy - The Siberian Curse , How Communist Planners Left Russia Out in the Co ld (2003).jpg

Communism - Books - Fiona Hill, Clifford G. Gaddy - The Siberian Curse...ommunist Planners Left Russia Out in the Cold 2003.jpg

Can Russia ever become a normal, free-market, democratic society? Why have so many reforms failed since the Soviet Union’s collapse? In this highly-original work, Fiona Hill and Clifford Gaddy argue that Russia’s geography, history, and monumental mistakes perpetrated by Soviet planners have locked it into a dead-end path to economic ruin. Shattering a number of myths that have long persisted in the West and in Russia, The Siberian Curse explains why Russia’s greatest assets—its gigantic size and Siberia’s natural resources—are now the source of one of its greatest weaknesses. For seventy years, driven by ideological zeal and the imperative to colonize and industrialize its vast frontiers, communist planners forced people to live in Siberia. They did this in true totalitarian fashion by using the GULAG prison system and slave labor to build huge factories and million-person cities to support them. Today, tens of millions of people and thousands of large-scale industrial enterprises languish in the cold and distant places communist planners put them—not where market forces or free choice would have placed them. Russian leaders still believe that an industrialized Siberia is the key to Russia’s prosperity. As a result, the country is burdened by the ever-increasing costs of subsidizing economic activity in some of the most forbidding places on the planet. Russia pays a steep price for continuing this folly—it wastes the very resources it needs to recover from the ravages of communism. Hill and Gaddy contend that Russia’s future prosperity requires that it finally throw off the shackles of its Soviet past by shrinking Siberia’s cities. Only by facilitating the relocation of population to western Russia, closer to Europe and its markets, can Russia achieve sustainable economic growth. Unfortunately for Russia, there is no historical precedent for shrinking cities on the scale that will be required. Downsizing Siberia will be a costly and wrenching process. But there is no alternative. Russia cannot afford to keep the cities left by communist planners out in the cold.

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11,7 MB
16 kwi 14 12:53

Fiona Hill, Clifford G. Gaddy - The Siberian Curse , How Communist Planners Left Russia Out in the Co ld (2003).pdf

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16 kwi 14 12:53

Steven J. Zaloga, Lelend S. Ness - Companion to th e Red Army 1939-1945 (2009).jpg

Stalin’s Red Army entered World War II as a relatively untried fighting force. In 1941, with the launch of Operation Barbarossa, it joined battle with Hitler’s army, the most powerful in history. After a desperate war of attrition over four years, the Red Army beat the Nazis into defeat on the Eastern Front and won lasting fame and glory in 1945 by eclipsing the military might of the Third Reich. This book begins with a review of the historical background of the Red Army in the years leading up to the outbreak of war in 1939, and follows with a discussion of the major themes in the development of Soviet forces during the "Great Patriotic War" that ensued in 1941. The Red Army’s organizational structures are examined, from high command down to divisional level and below; Soviet combat arms and weaponry are also described in detail.

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16 kwi 14 12:53

Steven J. Zaloga, Lelend S. Ness - Companion to th e Red Army 1939-1945 (2009).pdf

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Lars Iyer - Blanchot's Communism, Art, Philosophy and the Political (2004).jpg

Iyer argues for the transformative potential for philosophy and political practice of the thought of Maurice Blanchot. The book traces Blanchot's complex negotiations of the thought of Hegel, Heidegger, Bataille and Levinas, which allowed him to develop his distinctive account of the work of art and his account of the opening to the Other. Iyer also examines the significance of Blanchot's interventions in French political life, in particular, his participation in the events of May 1968.

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16 kwi 14 12:53

Lars Iyer - Blanchot's Communism, Art, Philosophy and the Political (2004).pdf

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Dennis J. Dunn - Caught between Roosevelt and Stal in, America's Ambassadors to Moscow (1997).jpg

On November 16, 1933, Franklin D. Roosevelt and Soviet Commissar of Foreign Affairs Maxim Litvinov signed an agreement establishing diplomatic ties between the United States and the Soviet Union. Two days later Roosevelt named the first of five ambassadors he would place in Moscow between 1933 and 1945. The story of these ambassadors and their relationship with Roosevelt and Stalin is one of intense drama and lasting importance. More than fifty years after his death, Roosevelt's foreign policy, especially regarding the Soviet Union, remains a subject of intense debate. Dennis Dunn explains for the first time the apparent confusion and contradiction in Roosevelt's policy -- one moment publicizing the four freedoms and the Atlantic Charter and the next moment giving tacit approval to Stalin's control of parts of Eastern Europe and northeast Asia. Dunn argues that "Rooseveltism", the president's belief that the Soviet Union and the United States were both developing into modern social democracies, blinded him to the true nature of Stalin's brutal dictatorship despite repeated warnings from the American ambassadors in Moscow.

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3,0 MB
16 kwi 14 12:53

Dennis J. Dunn - Caught between Roosevelt and Stal in, America's Ambassadors to Moscow (1997).pdf

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16 kwi 14 12:53

Mr. J. Arch Getty, Oleg V. Naumov - The Road to Te rror, Stalin and the Self-Destruction of the Bolsh eviks, 1932-1939 (1999).jpg

Communism - Books - Mr. J. Arch Getty, Oleg V. Naumov - The Road to Te...Self-Destruction of the Bolsheviks, 1932-1939 1999.jpg

This documentary collection, continuing Yale's pioneering Annals of Communism series, tackles questions surrounding the paroxysm of the purges in 1937^-38. One thing Stalin had was a long memory, and the hitherto mysterious Riutin Platform (the contents here at last seeing the light) must have rankled him. The platform was a 1932 call by Bolshevik veterans to remove him. The course culminating in the extirpation of all opposition was complex, and the authors' commentary underscores that a politics of sorts continued up to the point when full-blown terror was unleashed, a politics that pitted the central apparatus of Stalin and his associates in Moscow against the regional party bosses. The authors track one such Stalinist's fate in detail, as they do that of Bukharin, Stalin's opponent in the 1920s. The 200 documents here will astonish anyone familiar with the era, yet it is a specialized tome whose public library appeal could be checked against the circulation stats for the indubitably popular Who Killed Kirov? by Amy Knight. IGilbert Taylor

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Dr Getty's study of the Terror is among the most groundbreaking and insightful of the last decade. I believe it is the best book on the Terror yet written. What began as a moderate attempt to clean up the Party in 1933 through controled means turned into violent chaos in mid-1937. The Yezhov years are covered deeply with a great reliance on archives avalible. For the first time the documents themselves can be viewed by the reader. Getty clearly defines the periods of the Terror according to their severity. In 1933 people were purged from the Party but it only ment dismissal and a chance for readdmition. In 1936 things began to get bloody but it was still controled by the elites. The explosion of 1937 with the liquidation of top Soviet Marshals signaled the coming of a full blown bloodbath. This period lasted from the last half of 1937 to the first half of 1938. This was largely directed by the NKVD under Yezhov but Getty stresses Yezhov was ordered by Stalin and the Politburo to conduct arrest and executions of party elites in both the Center and provinces along with mass shootings of social marginals. The Terror was horrible yet more conservative numbers of deaths are given. Elites were the primary victims. Getty's statistics appear to be correct. Millions were not executed but social trama of the Terror was horrid. This work shreds Robert Conquest to pieces...

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16,6 MB
16 kwi 14 12:53

Mr. J. Arch Getty, Oleg V. Naumov - The Road to Te rror, Stalin and the Self-Destruction of the Bolsh eviks, 1932-1939 (1999).pdf

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Marc Jansen, Nikita Petrov - Stalin's Loyal Execut ioner, People's Commissar Nikolai Ezhov, 1895-1940 (2002).jpg

Communism - Books - Marc Jansen, Nikita Petrov - Stalins Loyal Executi...r, Peoples Commissar Nikolai Ezhov, 1895-1940 2002.jpg

During the Great Terror (1937 to 1938), at least 1.5 million Soviet citizens were arrested for alleged crimes against the state. Some 700,000 of them were shot. A dozen years after the fall of the Iron Curtain, still-classified Soviet archives reveal for the first time the scope of communist terrorism under Joseph Stalin. This book illuminates the ongoing debate generated by our compelling need to understand how such horrors could unfold in modern history. The gruesome facts in this story focus on one man. Nikolai Ezhov rose from obscurity to become Stalin's ruthless functionary in total charge of the era's massive purges. For fifteen months, Ezhov was a hero in the Politbureau. Less than three and a half years after his appointment, he was dead, his name obliterated from government files. In 1998, the Military Collegium of the Russian Supreme Court ruled that justice had been served by the secret trial and execution of Nikolai Ezhov, "enemy of the people." Using Ezhov's own papers meticulously documenting his loyalty to Stalin, the book reveals the full human tragedy encompassed in Ezhov's meteoric and bloody career. The following questions rivet our attention to an unprecedented era of bureaucratic madness.
# Was Ezhov operating outside the scope of Stalin's authority or "just following orders"?
# How were Stalin's "national operations" implemented?
# How, in 1938, did Ezhov suddenly lose favor with Stalin?
# What police actions were the aftermath of Ezhov's brief reign of terror?
# How did Soviet national policies shift after l938?

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15,2 MB
16 kwi 14 12:53

Marc Jansen, Nikita Petrov - Stalin's Loyal Execut ioner, People's Commissar Nikolai Ezhov, 1895-1940 (2002).pdf

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16 kwi 14 12:53

Yoram Gorlizki, Oleg Khlevniuk - Cold Peace, Stali n and the Soviet Ruling Circle, 1945-1953 (2004).jpg

Following his country's victory over Nazi Germany, Joseph Stalin was widely hailed as a great wartime leader and international statesman. Unchallenged on the domestic front, he headed one of the most powerful nations in the world. Yet, in the period from the end of World War II until his death, Stalin remained a man possessed by his fears. In order to reinforce his despotic rule in the face of old age and uncertain health, he habitually humiliated and terrorized members of his inner circle. He had their telephones bugged and even forced his deputy, Viacheslav Molotov, to betray his own spouse as a token of his allegiance.
Often dismissed as paranoid and irrational, Stalin's behavior followed a clear political logic, contend Yoram Gorlizki and Oleg Khlevniuk. Stalin's consistent and overriding goal after the war was to consolidate the Soviet Union's status as a superpower and, in the face of growing decrepitude, to maintain his own hold as leader of that power. To that end, he fashioned a system of leadership that was at once patrimonial-repressive and quite modern. While maintaining informal relations based on personal loyalty at the apex of the system, in the postwar period Stalin also vested authority in committees, elevated younger specialists, and initiated key institutional innovations with lasting consequences.
Close scrutiny of Stalin's relationships with his most intimate colleagues also shows how, in the teeth of periodic persecution, Stalin's deputies cultivated informal norms and mutual understandings which provided the foundations for collective rule after his death. Based on newly released archival documents, including personal correspondence, drafts of Central Committee paperwork, new memoirs, and interviews with former functionaries and the families of Politburo members, this book will appeal to all those interested in Soviet history, political history, and the lives of dictators.

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16 kwi 14 12:53

Gregor Benton, Lin Chun - Was Mao Really a Monster , The Academic Response to Chang and Halliday's Ma o, The Unknown Story (2009).jpg

Communism - Books - Gregor Benton, Lin Chun - Was Mao Really a Monster...o Chang and Hallidays Mao, The Unknown Story 2009.jpg

Mao: The Unknown Story by Jung Chang and Jon Halliday was published in 2005 to a great fanfare. The book portrays Mao as a monster – equal to or worse than Hitler and Stalin – and a fool who won power by native cunning and ruled by terror. It received a rapturous welcome from reviewers in the popular press and rocketed to the top of the worldwide bestseller list. Few works on China by writers in the West have achieved its impact.
Reviews by serious China scholars, however, tended to take a different view. Most were sharply critical, questioning its authority and the authors’ methods , arguing that Chang and Halliday’s book is not a work of balanced scholarship, as it purports to be, but a highly selective and even polemical study that sets out to demonise Mao.
This book brings together sixteen reviews of Mao: The Unknown Story – all by internationally well-regarded specialists in modern Chinese history, and published in relatively specialised scholarly journals. Taken together they demonstrate that Chang and Halliday’s portrayal of Mao is in many places woefully inaccurate. While agreeing that Mao had many faults and was responsible for some disastrous policies, they conclude that a more balanced picture is needed.

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14,9 MB
16 kwi 14 12:53

Gregor Benton, Lin Chun - Was Mao Really a Monster , The Academic Response to Chang and Halliday's Ma o, The Unknown Story (2009).pdf

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Vladislav M. Zubok - A Failed Empire, The Soviet U nion in the Cold War from Stalin to Gorbachev (200 9).jpg

Communism - Books - Vladislav M. Zubok - A Failed Empire, The Soviet U...ion in the Cold War from Stalin to Gorbachev 2009.jpg

This book features the Cold War from the Soviet side. In this widely praised book, Vladislav Zubok argues that Western interpretations of the Cold War have erred by exaggerating either the Kremlin's pragmatism or its aggressiveness. Explaining the interests, aspirations, illusions, fears, and misperceptions of the Kremlin leaders and Soviet elites, Zubok offers the first work in English to cover the entire Cold War from the Soviet side. "A Failed Empire" provides a history quite different from those written by the Western victors. In a new preface for this edition, the author adds to our understanding of today's events in Russia, including who the new players are and how their policies will affect the state of the world in the twenty-first century.

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16 kwi 14 12:53

Vladislav M. Zubok - A Failed Empire, The Soviet U nion in the Cold War from Stalin to Gorbachev (200 9).pdf

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16 kwi 14 12:53

Lavrentiy Pavlovich Beria, Rodion Yacovlevich Mali novskiy - 34 Years Of The Soviet State (1951).jpg

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16 kwi 14 12:53

Lavrentiy Pavlovich Beria, Rodion Yacovlevich Mali novskiy - 34 Years Of The Soviet State (1951).pdf

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Vyacheslav Mikhaylovich Molotov - 30th anniversary of the great October socialist revolution, Speech (1947).jpg

Communism - Books - Vyacheslav Mikhaylovich Molotov - 30th anniversary...he great October socialist revolution, Speech 1947.jpg

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16 kwi 14 12:53

Vyacheslav Mikhaylovich Molotov - 30th anniversary of the great October socialist revolution, Speech (1947).pdf

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V. A. Durov - Ruska a sovetska vojenska vyznamenan i. Russian and Soviet Military Awards (2006).jpg

Ruská a sovětská vojenská vyznamenání jsou vynikajícími památkami vojenských dějin, které připomínají slavné bojové akce ruských vojáků. Výklad o těchto vyznamenáních, o událostech, byly důvodem pro jejich udělení, jsou obsahem této dvojjazyčné česko-anglické publikace.

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16 kwi 14 12:53

V. A. Durov - Ruska a sovetska vojenska vyznamenan i. Russian and Soviet Military Awards (2006).pdf

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Leonid Mlechin - Holodnaya Voyna (2009).jpg

Подлинная история холодной войны таит в себе множество неразгаданных загадок и тайн: политические интриги, операции спецслужб, заблуждения людей и амбиции властителей. В новой книге Леонида Млечина воссозданы главные сражения холодной войны и портреты тех, кто ее вел - политических лидеров, военных и сотрудников спецслужб.
Текст сопровождается подборкой редких фотографий.

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16 kwi 14 12:53

Leonid Mlechin - Holodnaya Voyna (2009).pdf

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Jonathan D. Smele - The Russian Revolution from Ts arism to Bolshevism (2009).jpeg

The Russian Revolution of 1917 was a key turning point in the history of modern Europe and the world. For much of the twentieth century, politics were defined by attitudes to what had taken place in Russia in 1917. To understand the Russian Revolution, then, is to understand a key building block of modern history and the contemporary world. Senior lecturer and renowned Russian researcher Dr. Jonathan Smele sheds new light on the many forces that came to bear in tsarist Russia, from the emancipation of the serfs in the mid-nineteenth century to the climactic revolutions of the early twentieth century that brought the small Bolshevik party to power.
Course Syllabus

Lecture 1 Russia: The Geographical Setting
Lecture 2 Russia: Empire and People
Lecture 3 The “Great Reforms”: Alexander II and the Emancipation of the Serfs
Lecture 4 The Social and Economic Consequences of the Emancipation
Lecture 5 Origins of the First Russian Revolution, 1881–1905
Lecture 6 Russia and the World in the Late Nineteenth Century
Lecture 7 The Opposition to Tsarism: Constitutional Democrats and Socialists-Revolutionaries
Lecture 8 The Opposition to Tsarism: Lenin and the Bolsheviks
Lecture 9 Nicholas II, Stolypin, and the “Constitutional Monarchy,” 1905–1917
Lecture 10 Russia in War and Revolution: August 1914–February 1917
Lecture 11 The Year of Revolutions, 1917: Events
Lecture 12 The Year of Revolutions, 1917: Interpretations
Lecture 13 The Russian Civil Wars, 1917–1921: Events
Lecture 14 The Russian Civil Wars, 1917–1921: Interpretations

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16 kwi 14 12:53

Jonathan D. Smele - The Russian Revolution from Ts arism to Bolshevism (2009).pdf

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Gregor Benton, Alan Hunter - Wild Lily, Prairie Fi re (1995).jpg

Gregor Benton and Alan Hunter provide here a source book of documents of democratic dissent under Chinese Communism, most of them previously untranslated and difficult to find in the West. Ranging from eye-witness accounts of a massacre to theoretical critiques of Chinese Marxist thought, these essays are among the most powerful and important works of Chinese dissident literature written in this century. An extensive introduction maintains that the documents reveal a tradition of democratic thought and practice that traces its descent to the New Culture Movement of the 1910s and the founding generation of the Chinese Communist Party. Far from being a late twentieth-century import (along with capitalist economics) from Europe, Japan, and the United States, this tradition of dissent is deeply embedded in the experience of China's revolutionary movements. The story of Chinese Communism has often been reduced to uniformity not only by political bureaucrats in China but by Western scholarship derived from official Chinese histories. _Wild Lily, Prairie Fire_ paints a far richer picture. The book calls into question many of the usual beliefs about the relation between democracy and communism, at least in the Chinese case, which may now be seen to depart from the Soviet model in yet another crucial respect.

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Mukhamet Shayakhmetov - The Silent Steppe, The Sto ry of a Kazakh Nomad Under Stalin (2006).jpg

This is a first-hand account of the genocide of the Kazakh nomads in the 1920s and 30s. Nominally Muslim, the Kazakhs and their culture owed as much to shamanism and paganism as they did to Islam. Their ancient traditions and economy depended on the breeding and herding of stock across the vast steppes of central Asia, and their independent, nomadic way of life was anathema to the Soviets.
Seven-year-old Shayakhmetov and his mother and sisters were left to fend for themselves after his father was branded a "kulak" (well-off peasant and thus class enemy), stripped of his possessions, and sent to a prison camp where he died. In the following years the family traveled thousands of miles across Kazakhstan by foot, surviving on the charity of relatives. Told with dignity and detachment, this central Asian Wild Swans awakens the reader to the scale of suffering of millions of Kazakhs, and also astonishes and inspires as a most singular survivor's tale.

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