Crime and punishment have concerned humanity since the beginning of social life. Their manifestations in ancient Rome remains a fascinating topic, as the law of most European countries today is derived from ancient Roman law. Richard A. Bauman tells the history of punishment from the Roman Republic to the late Empire, shedding light on some decisive aspects of Roman history. He assesses punishment according to its innate humanity and cruelty, traces the changes in Roman attitudes, laws and practices during this era. Trials for treason, sedition and corruption illuminate political history; common law crimes like murder, and forgery that sharpen our perception of social history; discussions of freedom of speech increase our understanding of intellectual history; and religious persecutions fill out the picture of religious history. In its scope and focus, this is an unprecedented study, painting a vivid picture of the theory and practice of punishment in ancient Rome.

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Richard Hawley - Women In Antiquity, New Assessmen ts (1995).jpg

The study of gender in classical antiquity has undergone rapid and wide-ranging development in the past two decades. This collection of new assessments has been written by some of the most influential experts in this field from all over the world. The contributors reassess the role of women in diverse contexts and areas, such as archaic and classical Greek literature
and culture, Roman imperial politics, ancient medicine and early Christianity. Some offer original interpretations of topics which have been widely discussed over the last twenty years; others highlight new areas of research.
Women in Antiquity: New Assessments reflects and expands on existing scholarly debates on the status and representation of women in the ancient world. It focuses on methodology, and suggests areas for research and improvement. It is invaluable and engaging reading for all students and teachers of ancient history.

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10,6 MB
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Richard Hawley - Women In Antiquity, New Assessmen ts (1995).pdf

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29 KB
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Judith Evans Grubbs - Women and the Law in the Ro man Empire, A Sourcebook on Marriage, Divorce and Widowhood (2002).jpg

Rome - Judith Evans Grubbs - Women and the Law in the Roman Emp...re, A Sourcebook on Marriage, Divorce and Widowhood 2002.jpg

It is widely recognized that Roman law is an important source of information about women in the Roman world, and can present a more rounded and accurate picture than literary sources. This sourcebook fully exploits the rich legal material of the imperial period - from Augustus (31 BCE - 14 CE) to the end of the western Roman Empire (476 CE), incorporating both pagan and Christian eras, and explaining the rights women held under Roman law, the restrictions to which they were subject, and legal regulations on marriage, divorce and widowhood. The main focus is on the major legal texts (the Digest, the Institutes of Gaius, the Code of Justinian and the Theodosian Code), but a significant number of non-legal documentary sources are included. These are particularly important as they illustrate how the law worked in practice, and how this practice (particularly in the provinces) could differ from the letter of the law. Accessible English translations are enhanced by clear, concise background material, which includesuseful explanation of historical and geographical context, and a helpful glossary of Roman legal and administrative terms completes the volume. Comprehensive and user-friendly, this will be a core text for students, an illuminating aid for non-specialists, and an essential reference guide for more advanced scholars.

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Dominic Perring - The Roman House in Britain (2001 ).jpg

Fully illustrated, The Roman House in Britain is the essential resource on how houses were built, used and understood in Roman Britain. Authoritative, original,this volume draws on recent archaeological work and places the findings in the context of classical scholarship.

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Dominic Perring - The Roman House in Britain (2001 ).pdf

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Jan Wi Drijvers - Late Roman World and its Histori an, Interpreting Ammianus Marcellinus (1999).jpg

This book comprises a collection of papers analyzing Ammianus's writings from a variety of perspectives, including Ammianus as historian of, and participant in, Julian's Persian campaign, his identification with traditional religious attitudes and values in Rome and his view of the Persian Magi. The contributors engage especially with the concept of self-identification. They address the tension of Ammianus' dual role as both "outside" external narrator and at the same time and "insider" to the contemporary experiences and events that make up his surviving history.

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1,9 MB
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Jan Wi Drijvers - Late Roman World and its Histori an, Interpreting Ammianus Marcellinus (1999).pdf

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Ray Laurence - Cultural Identity in the Roman Empi re (1998).jpg

This provocative and often controversial volume examines the notions of ethnicity, citizenship and nationhood to determine what constituted cultural identity in the Roman Empire. The contributors draw together the most recent research and use diverse theoretical and methodological perspectives from archaeology, classical studies and ancient history to challenge our basic assumptions of Romanization and how parts of Europe became incorporated into a Roman culture. Cultural Identity in the Roman Empire breaks new ground, arguing that the idea of a unified and easily defined Roman culture is over-simplistic and offers alternative theories and models.

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2,5 MB
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Ray Laurence - Cultural Identity in the Roman Empi re (1998).pdf

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180 KB
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Mary Harlow, Ray Laurence - Growing Up and Growing Old in Ancient Rome, A Life Course Approach (2001 ).jpg

Throughout history, every culture has had its own ideas on what growing up and growing old. This volume is the first to highlight the role of age in determining behaviour, and expectations of behaviour, across the life span of an inhabitant of ancient Rome. Drawing on developments in the social sciences, as well as ancient evidence, the authors focus on the period c.200BC - AD200, looking at childhood, the transition to adulthood, maturity, and old age. They explore how both the individual and society were involved in, and reacted to, these different stages.

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Mary Harlow, Ray Laurence - Growing Up and Growing Old in Ancient Rome, A Life Course Approach (2001 ).pdf

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Dorothy Watts - Religion in Late Roman Britain, Fo rces of Change (1998).jpg

Examining the decline in Christianity and the continuation of Celtic tradition in Late Roman Britain over the fourth century, Dorothy Watts discusses the fate of the pagan cults and temples.

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Dorothy Watts - Religion in Late Roman Britain, Fo rces of Change (1998).pdf

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335 KB
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Serena Connolly - Lives behind the Laws, The World of the Codex Hermogenianus (2010).jpg

In this exploration of the administration of law and its role in the lives of ordinary people in the northern provinces of the Roman Empire, Serena Connolly draws upon a rich but little-known legal collection from the late 3rd century known as the Codex Hermogenianus. The codex is composed of imperial responses to petitions sent to Rome, written by a team of the emperor's legal experts. These petitions and responses pre a wealth of information about provincial legal administration and the lives of the non-elite petitioners. The man who prostituted his wife, the mother whose malicious son undersold her farm, and the slaves who posed as free men to get a loan are just a few of the lives to encounter. Lives behind the Laws makes a valuable contribution to Roman social, political, and legal history.

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4,6 MB
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Serena Connolly - Lives behind the Laws, The World of the Codex Hermogenianus (2010).pdf

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Arthur Keaveney - Lucullus, A Life (1992).jpg

In antiquity Lucullus was indisputably a great general, one to be numbered with alongside Sulla and Pompey. Lucullus narrates the great Asiatic campaigns upon which his military repute chiefly rests. Despite his reputation, some ancient traditions suggest that when the wars were done Lucullus became an overweight degenerate, a miserable trifler devoting his time to banquets, baths and the building of follies. Arthur Keaveney explodes this myth, arguing that Lucullus' leisure activities were the outward expression of an aesthetic impulse, not simply of weak self-indulgence. He demonstrates that Lucullus was highly active in public spheres up until the very end of his life. Sulla, one of the Republic's great dictators, was a major influence on the life and political outlook of Lucullus. The general and his friends aimed to carry the Sullan political ideal and constitutional arrangements into the next generation. This book details Lucullus' fight to do this, showing how and why he ultimately failed. Keaveney suggests that he may be viewed as a paradigm of the age in which he lived. Inheritor of the Sullan ideal, Lucullus' failure is also its failure--in one man is embodied a whole class and its melancholy fate. This is the first full length study of this most interesting figure to be undertaken in English. Lucullus offers a thoroughly revisionist account of this ruler--dispelling many of the wild fictions which have accumulated around his name.

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10,2 MB
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Arthur Keaveney - Lucullus, A Life (1992).pdf

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156 KB
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Samuel Lieu - Constantine, History, Historiography and Legend (1998).jpg

Constantine examines the reign of Constantine, the first Christian emperor and the founder of Constantinople. From a variety of angles: historical, historiographical and mythical. The volume examines the circumstances of Constantine's reign and the historical problems surrounding them, the varied accounts of Constantine's life and the plethora of popular medieval legends surrounding the reign, to reveal the different visions and representations of the emperor from saint and patron of the Western church to imperial prototype. Constantine: History, Historiography and Legend presents a comprehensive and arresting study of this important and controversial emperor.

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10,1 MB
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Samuel Lieu - Constantine, History, Historiography and Legend (1998).pdf

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Ioana A Oltean - Dacia, Landscape, Colonization an d Romanization (2007).jpg

Providing a detailed consideration of previous theories of native settlement patterns and the impact of Roman colonization, Roman Dacia offers fresh insight into the province Dacia and the nature of Romanization. It analyzes Roman-native interaction from a landscape perspective focusing on the core territory of both Iron Age and Roman Dacia. Oltean considers the nature and distribution of settlement in the pre-Roman and Roman periods, the human impact on the local landscape and the changes which occurred as a result of Roman occupation. Dealing with the way that the Roman conquest and organization of Dacia impacted on the native settlement pattern and society, this book will find itself widely used amongst students of ancient Rome.

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10,2 MB
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Ioana A Oltean - Dacia, Landscape, Colonization an d Romanization (2007).pdf

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Deborah Mauskopf Deliyannis - Ravenna in Late Anti quity (2010).jpg

Ravenna was one of the most important cities of late antique Europe. Between 400 and 751 AD, it was the residence of western Roman emperors, Ostrogothic kings, and Byzantine governors of Italy, while its bishops and archbishops ranked second only to the popes. During this 350-year period, the city was progressively enlarged and enriched by remarkable works of art and architecture, many of which still survive today. Thus, Ravenna and its monuments are of critical importance to historians and art historians of the late ancient world. This book provides a comprehensive survey of Ravenna's history and monuments in late antiquity, including discussions of scholarly controversies, archaeological discoveries, and new interpretations of art works. A synthesis of the voluminous literature on this topic, this volume provides an English-language entry point for the study of this fascinating city.

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H. E. M. Cool - Eating and Drinking in Roman Brita in (2007).jpg

What were the eating and drinking habits of the inhabitants of Britain during the Roman period? Drawing on evidence from a large number of archaeological excavations, this fascinating new study shows how varied these habits were in different regions and amongst different communities and challenges the idea that there was any one single way of being Roman or native. Integrating a range of archaeological sources, including pottery, metalwork and environmental evidence such as animal bone and seeds, this book illuminates eating and drinking choices, providing invaluable insights into how those communities regarded their world. The book contains sections on the nature of the different types of evidence used and how this can be analysed. It will be a useful guide to all archaeologists and those who wish to learn about the strength and weaknesses of this material and how best to use it.

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Luke Roman, Monica Roman - Encyclopedia of Greek a nd Roman Mythology (2010).jpg

Greek and Roman mythology has fascinated people for more than two millennia, and its influence on cultures throughout Europe, America, North Africa, the Middle East, and elsewhere attests to the universal appeal of the stories. "Encyclopedia of Greek and Roman Mythology" examines the best-known figures of Greek and Roman mythology together with the great works of classic literature that are the sources for our mythological understanding. This new encyclopedia presents ancient mythology from a literary perspective and features numerous illustrations from both ancient and modern works of fine art to show how myths have been transmitted in visual form through the ages. The entries include: Greek and Roman gods and heroes, such as Athena, Achilles, Apollo, Heracles, Odysseus, Orpheus, Poseidon, and Zeus; Mythological creatures, such as Cerberus, the Gorgons, the Minotaur, and Pegasus; and great works of literature that provide the sources for classical mythology, including the plays of Aeschylus, Sophocles, and Euripides; the "Aeneid of Virgil"; the "Iliad and the Odyssey" of Homer; and the "Metamorphoses" of Ovid and much more.

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Greg Woolf - Becoming Roman, The Origins of Provin cial Civilization in Gaul (1998).jpg

This book studies the processes conventionally termed "Romanization" through an analysis of the experience of Roman rule over the Gallic province of the empire in the period 200 BC-AD 300. It examines how and why Gallo-Roman civilization emerged from the confrontation between the iron-age cultures of Gaul and the civilization we call classical. It develops an original synthesis and argument that will form a bridge between the disciplines of classics and archaeology and will be of interest to all students of cultural change.

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8,3 MB
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Greg Woolf - Becoming Roman, The Origins of Provin cial Civilization in Gaul (1998).pdf

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G. W. Bowersock - Martyrdom and Rome (1995).jpg

This book examines the historical context of the earliest Christian martyrs, and anchors their grisly and often willful self-sacrifice to the everyday life and outlook of the cities (mostly Greek) of the Roman empire. By exploring the remains of contemporary documents of martyrdoms in the centuries before Constantine, it provides a historical explanation of why martyrdom occurred when and as it did, and thereby tries to expose the fundamental assumptions of a radical new form of religious and political dissidence that has been a powerful influence down to our own times.

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3,1 MB
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G. W. Bowersock - Martyrdom and Rome (1995).pdf

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Catharine Edwards - The Politics of Immorality in Ancient Rome (1993).jpg

This book addresses the question not how immoral the ancient Romans were but why the literature they produced is so preoccupied with immorality. The modern image of immoral Rome derives from ancient accounts which are largely critical rather than celebratory. Far from being empty commonplaces these accusations constituted a powerful discourse through which Romans negotiated conflicts and tensions in their social and political order. This study proceeds by a detailed examination of a wide range of ancient texts (all of which are translated), exploring the dynamics of their rhetoric, as well as the ends to which they were deployed. Roman moralising discourse, the author suggests, may be seen as especially concerned with the articulation of anxieties about gender, social status and political power. Individual chapters focus on adultery, effeminacy, the immorality of the Roman theatre, luxurious buildings and the dangers of pleasure.

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