This book describes inventions and designs of ancient engineers that are the precursors of the present. The ages mainly range from 300 B.C. to 1600 A.D. with some exceptions from before and after this period.
As for the very ancient ones, the book describes inventions (documented by archaeological finds mainly from Pompei, Ercolano and Stabia) that generally are very little known and sometimes not known at all. Some inventions are in the military field. This is because (unfortunately) many inventions and technological innovations have been conceived starting from military applications.
The book is divided into five parts.
The first four parts pertain to definite fields and present inventions generally conceived up to the late Roman Empire. Inventions that are representative of the engineering genius of the ancients and that may be considered as milestones, each in their respective field.
The fifth part refers to fields of engineering (such as textiles and automation) in which important innovations were conceived also in more recent centuries.
For each of the inventions presented, even the ancient ones of many centuries past, the authors provide three elements of research and reference:

Written documents (the classics)

Iconic references (coins, bas-reliefs, etc.)

Archaeological findings.

The target groups of the book are students and scholars with interest on History of Mechanical Engineering in Antiquity and Archaelogy.

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Cesare Rossi, Flavio Russo, Ferruccio Russo - Anci ent Engineers' Inventions, Precursors of the Prese nt (2009).pdf

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10 wrz 18 22:03

A.T.Fomenko, G.V.Nosovskij - NEW HYPOTHETICAL CHRO NOLOGY AND CONCEPT OF THE ENGLISH HISTORY. BRITISH EMPIRE AS A DIRECT SUCCESSOR OF BYZANTINE-ROMAN E MPIRE.jpg

All History - A.T.Fomenko, G.V.Nosovskij - NEW HYPOTHETICAL CHRONOL...MPIRE AS A DIRECT SUCCESSOR OF BYZANTINE-ROMAN EMPIRE.jpg

Dr. Fomenko is a Russian mathematician who has branched out into history. He is a founder of the controversial "New Chronology" movement which essentially states that history only goes back till about 1050 AD. From what we now call the 11th through 15th centuries, there was a Eurasian empire (what we now call the "Byzantine empire") which lasted almost 400 years. In the 15th century, the various remnants of the empire developed their own versions of the story, each with their own nation at the center of the story. These stories were eventually recombined into a single narrative which repeats itself cyclically. I am personally a little skeptical, but I am at least convinced that the conventional chronology is basically fictional, being based on written documents which in almost all cases are much newer than the history they record.

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19,5 MB
10 wrz 18 22:03

A.T.Fomenko, G.V.Nosovskij - NEW HYPOTHETICAL CHRO NOLOGY AND CONCEPT OF THE ENGLISH HISTORY. BRITISH EMPIRE AS A DIRECT SUCCESSOR OF BYZANTINE-ROMAN E MPIRE.pdf

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238 KB
10 wrz 18 22:03

Eugenio F. Biagini - British Democracy and Irish N ationalism 1876-1906 (2007).jpg

A major 2007 study of the impact of Home Rule on liberalism and popular radicalism in Britain and Ireland. Eugenio Biagini argues that between 1876 and 1906 the crisis of public conscience caused by the Home Rule debate acted as the main catalyst in the remaking of popular radicalism. This was not only because of Ireland's intrinsic importance but also because the 'Irish cause' came to be identified with democracy, constitutional freedoms and humanitarianism. The related politics of emotionalism did not aid in finding a solution to either the Home Rule or the Ulster problem but it did create a popular culture of human rights based on the conviction that, ultimately, politics should be guided by non-negotiable moral imperatives. Adopting a comparative perspective, this book explores the common ground between Irish and British democracy and makes a significant contribution to the history of human rights, imperialism and Victorian political culture.

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Felicity Heal - Reformation in Britain and Ireland (2003).jpeg

This is an innovative volume which studies the coming of reform in the sixteenth century more broadly than do traditional national narratives of religious change. It argues for an interactive and comparative understanding of this crucial dimension of British and Irish history. Through the examination of political choices, of ecclesiastical structures, and of individual religious attitudes, it seeks to explain the success or failure of Protestantism in these islands.

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6,3 MB
10 wrz 18 22:03

Felicity Heal - Reformation in Britain and Ireland (2003).pdf

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10 wrz 18 22:03

G. E. R. Lloyd - Ancient Worlds, Modern Reflection s, Philosophical Perspectives on Greek and Chinese Science and Culture (2006).jpg

All History - G. E. R. Lloyd - Ancient Worlds, Modern Reflections, ...ectives on Greek and Chinese Science and Culture 2006.jpg

Geoffrey Lloyd's pioneering book uses a study of ancient Greek and Chinese science and culture to throw light on fundamental problems, both intellectual and moral, that we still face today. The issues range from the debate about realism and relativism in philosophy of science to doubts concerning the universal applicability of the discourse of human rights. Lloyd provides compelling evidence that ancient civilizations have much to offer contemporary debates in many fields of study.

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1,7 MB
10 wrz 18 22:03

G. E. R. Lloyd - Ancient Worlds, Modern Reflection s, Philosophical Perspectives on Greek and Chinese Science and Culture (2006).pdf

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Thomas Forrest Kelly - The Exultet in Southern Ita ly (1996).jpg

The Exultet rolls of southern Italy are parchment scrolls containing text and music for the blessing of the great Easter candle; they contain magnificent illustrations, often turned upside down with respect to the text. The Exultet in Southern Italy provides a broad perspective on this phenomenon that has long attracted the interest of those interested in medieval art, liturgy, and music. This book considers these documents in the cultural and liturgical context in which they were made, and provides a perspective on all aspects of this particularly southern Italian practice. While previous studies have concentrated on the illustrations in these rolls, Kelly's book also looks at the particular place of the Exultet in changing ceremonial practices, provides background on the texts and music used in southern Italy, and inquires into the manufacture and purpose of the Exultets--why they were made, who owned them, and how they were used.

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26,7 MB
10 wrz 18 22:03

Thomas Forrest Kelly - The Exultet in Southern Ita ly (1996).pdf

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Europa Militaria 24 - Ted Nevill - The Scottish Re giments (1999).jpg

An impressive photo-essay, accompanied by a fact-packed text, covering the famous Scottish regiments of the British Army. Each of today's regular regiments of Highland and Lowland infantry, and the tank crews of the legendary cavalry "Greys", are photographed in a wide range of uniforms and equipment - from full combat gear to their dazzling traditional parade dress. The organization, mission, weapons, and recent service of these historic regiments are explained. Europa Militaria 24.

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20,5 MB
10 wrz 18 22:03

Europa Militaria 24 - Ted Nevill - The Scottish Re giments (1999).pdf

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Neil Gordon Munro - Coins of Japan (1904).jpg

This is the great classic work "Coins of Japan", the authoritative source that is cited by everybody else. This book is being reprinted because it is almost impossible to obtain. Many libraries who claim to have it turn out not to have it. There is only one for sale on the Internet. The price is $995 and it will not last long. One reviewer writes: "This is the best reference book on Japanese cash coins ever published. Although it has been over 100 years since its publication, nothing comes even close to it, not even the works written in Japanese. Munro's book is very readable. This is a tough book to put down once you get into it. I just cannot imagine a collector of Japanese cash coins not owning this book."

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25,6 MB
10 wrz 18 22:03

Neil Gordon Munro - Coins of Japan (1904).pdf

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Modern World Nations - Roger Dendinger - Scotland (2002).jpg

A look at the geographic, political, economic, and social aspects of Scotland, a country with ancient traditions that also plays a major role in the economy of present-day Europe.

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10,2 MB
10 wrz 18 22:03

Modern World Nations - Roger Dendinger - Scotland (2002).pdf

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10 wrz 18 22:03

REV. J. A. Wylie, LL.D., - History of the Scottish Nation (1886) [PDF x 3].jpg

James Aitken Wylie (1808-1890) was a Scottish historian of religion and Presbyterian minister. He was a prolific writer and is most famous for writing The History of Protestantism.

Wylie was born in Kirriemuir, Scotland and his father, James Aitken was an Auld Licht Anti-burgher minister in the Original Secession Church. Wylie was educated at Marischal College, University of Aberdeen where he stayed for three years before studying at St. Andrews under Thomas Chalmers. He followed his father's example, entering the Original Secession Divinity Hall, Edinburgh in 1827, and was ordained in 1831.

He became sub-editor of the Edinburgh Witness in 1846. In 1852, after joining the Free Church of Scotland, Wylie edited their Free Church Record until 1860.

He published his book The Papacy: its History, Dogmas, Genius, and Prospects in 1851, winning a prize of a hundred guineas from the Evangelical Alliance. The Protestant Institute appointed him Lecturer on Popery in 1860. He continued in this role until his death in 1890, publishing in 1888 his work The Papacy is the Antichrist. He died with his History of the Scottish Nation taken forward to 1286.

Aberdeen University awarded him an honorary doctorate (LL.D.) in 1856.

Wylie's classic work, The History of Protestantism, went out of print in the 1920s, although it was briefly reprinted in Northern Ireland in a two-volume reproduction in the late 20th century. It has received praise from a number of influential figures, including Ian Paisley. Th

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1,8 MB
10 wrz 18 22:03

REV. J. A. Wylie, LL.D., - History of the Scottish Nation (1886) [PDF x 3].rar

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10 wrz 18 22:03

H. R, Loyn - The Middle Ages, A Concise Encycloped ia (1991).jpg

Dictionaries and encyclopedias on this era proliferate. This volume aims "to provide both the beginner and the specialist with a single volume that presents a summary of current thought on the key protagonists, events and themes" in European history from c.400 to c.1500. The beginner will find about 1000 useful entries, strong on England and France, weak on Spain, Central and Eastern Europe; able on political but weak on social history (e.g., no entry on the family or on marriage). The brief bibliographical entries are very dated, showing scant familiarity with the huge recent American, German, and French scholarship. The illustrations are imaginatively selected but poorly captioned. Serious students should consult the 12-volume Dictionary of the Middle Ages ( LJ 2/1/83) . For others, Joseph Dahmus's Dictionary of Medieval Civilization ( LJ 10/1/84) should suffice.

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70,3 MB
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H. R, Loyn - The Middle Ages, A Concise Encycloped ia (1991).pdf

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Jay Ruud - Encyclopedia of Medieval Literature (20 06).jpg

The Encyclopedia of Medieval Literature includes around 700 entries, covering the time period roughly 500 to 1500 C.E. Entries include authors, works, genres, and other literary and historical terms that inform the literature of the period. The encyclopedia targets upper-level high-school students and lower-level undergraduates.

Alphabetical, cross-referenced entries are generally half a page to a page, and many are followed by bibliographies. Aids to access include a table of "Writers Covered, by Language of Composition" and an author time line. Each entry concludes with a bibliography, and a selected bibliography of more general reference works and primary and secondary sources rounds out the book.

Witers from 25 language are covered, representing a variety of African, east Asian, European, Indian subcontinent, and Middle Eastern cultures. (In contrast, the Encyclopedia of Medieval Literature, published by Greenwood in 2000, concentrates on British literature, with no entries for Chinese, Indian, and northern European literatures.) Entries on religious works and movements are included, although there are no general entries on homilies, monasteries, or the role of monks. Oddly, this volume expects students to look under Vulgate, The for an entry on the Bible.

Given the inclusion of such a wide range of cultures, translation and contact feature prominently. Also covered is the influence of women writers, including entries on individual women writers and overviews on women writers from some cultures.

The author is a seasoned scholar with the experience necessary for the undertaking. Expansive in breadth but still accessible, the Encyclopedia of Medieval Literature is recommended for high-school, public, and undergraduate libraries. It is an inclusive, easy-to-use volume providing a wide cross section of literature that challenges narrow views of the literature of the time.

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4,0 MB
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Jay Ruud - Encyclopedia of Medieval Literature (20 06).pdf

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Mary G. Houston - Medieval Costume, England France , The 13th, 14th and 15th Centuries (1996).jpg

Medieval Costumes In England And France is a carefully researched volume offering costume aficionados and enthusiasts of the medieval period a meticulously detailed and splendidly illustrated study of clothing worn in the Middle Ages. Lucidly written accounts of the style and construction of costumes worn in the 13th, 14th and 15th centuries are followed by accurate descriptions and illustrations of royal raiment, elaborate ecclesiastical dress and vestments, academic and legal robes, as well as civilian dress for all classes. Mary Houston is a noted costume historian who brings her special expertise to discussions of accessories and such related subjects as ornaments, jewelry, armor, textiles, embroidery and hair-dressing. The 350 black & white line illustrations are taken from contemporary books, manuscripts, pictorial and sculptural representations. Medieval Costumes In England And France provides superbly documented information that is both clearly and succinctly presented in the text. Medieval Costumes In England And France is a "must have" reference for theatrical costume designers, members of organizations like "The Society for Creative Anachronism", science fiction & fantasy conventions, Madrigal performances, or even halloween parties and costume balls!

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8,6 MB
10 wrz 18 22:03

Mary G. Houston - Medieval Costume, England France , The 13th, 14th and 15th Centuries (1996).pdf

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Richard K. Emmerson - Key Figures in Medieval Euro pe, An Encyclopedia (2006).jpg

This twelfth title in the Routledge Encyclopedias of the Middle Ages series is a bit of a departure. Instead of offering new material, it reprints entries from eight of the previous titles, among them Medieval France: An Encyclopedia (1995); Medieval Jewish Civilization: An Encyclopedia (2002); and Medieval Italy: An Encyclopedia (2003). As explained in the introduction, "the present volume is intended not only for students, librarians, teachers, and the general public, who may be interested in the Middle Ages but do not wish to purchase or sift through numerous individual encyclopedias, but also for medievalists and other scholars who want to have a reliable reference work easily at hand." In order "to preserve the integrity of the scholarship," none of the entries have been revised.

The 587 individuals represented here were selected based on "editorial sense of long-term importance and influence" as well as potential reader interest. Although inevitably most of the subjects are men--and men of some power, at that--an effort was made to provide balance by including figures for whom documentation is relatively sparse. Along with entries for Peter Abelard and Alfred the Great, there are entries for Dhuoda, "the only known female author of the Carolingian Renaissance," and Wiligelmus, "the first great Italian sculptor." Approximately 50 women are covered; fuller treatment of women during the period can be found in Women in the Middle Ages: An Encyclopedia. (Greenwood, 2004). In addition to the index, the volume comes with two useful finding aids: a "Thematic List of Entries" and a list of entries by region.

Although it is redundant, this encyclopedia still has many uses. It may not be essential for larger collections already owning the other titles in the series, but it's a good stand-alone tool for public and smaller academic libraries in need of a scholarly biographical resource on the Middle Ages.

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5,7 MB
10 wrz 18 22:03

Richard K. Emmerson - Key Figures in Medieval Euro pe, An Encyclopedia (2006).pdf

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10 wrz 18 22:03

William Ian Miller - Bloodtaking and Peacemaking, Feud, Law, and Society in Saga Iceland (1997).jpg

Dubbed by the New York Times as "one of the most sought-after legal academics in the county," William Ian Miller presents the arcane worlds of the Old Norse studies in a way sure to attract the interest of a wide range of readers. Bloodtaking and Peacemaking delves beneath the chaos and brutality of the Norse world to discover a complex interplay of ordering and disordering impulses. Miller's unique and engaging readings of ancient Iceland's sagas and extensive legal code reconstruct and illuminate the society that produced them.
People in the saga world negotiated a maze of violent possibility, with strategies that frequently put life and limb in the balance. But there was a paradox in striking the balance--one could not get even without going one better. Miller shows how blood vengeance, law, and peacemaking were inextricably bound together in the feuding process.
This book offers fascinating insights into the politics of a stateless society, its methods of social control, and the role that a uniquely sophisticated and self-conscious law played in the construction of Icelandic society.

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Steam Locomotives of the ''E'' series, Photoalbum (2004).jpg

Книга-фотоальбом рассказывает об истории создания, развития и эксплуатации самой массовой в мире серии отечественных паровозов, выпускавшейся около полувека в XX столетии и проработавшей без малого 80 лет. Автор на примере исторического пути паровоза раскрывает почти вековую судьбу огромной страны и ее народа.
Труд в равной мере является как техническим, так и историко-публицистическим. Он основан на фактическом и архивном материалах. Альбом содержит разноплановые фотоиллюстрации: технические и художественные, архивные и современные.

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