The material blessings that man enjoys today have re sulted largely from his ever-increasing knowledge of about one hundred simple substances, the chemical elements, most of which were entirely unknown to ancient civilizations. In the luxurious thermas of the Roman patrician, with all their lavish display of alabaster floors, porphyry walls, marble stairs, and mosaic ceil ings, no nickel-plated or chromium fixtures were to be seen;
among his artistic golden bowls and goblets no platinum or tantalum objects were ever to be found; with all his spoils of war he could not buy the smallest aluminum trinket. Even the haughtiest Roman conqueror was earthbound, for he knew no light metal like aluminum or magnesium and no light gas like hydrogen or helium to make lofty flight possible. Without a lantern in his hand, he could not walk along the splendid lava pavements of the city streets at night, for the white glow of the tungsten filament and the crimson glow of the neon tube were lacking. The water that came to him from mountain springs, lakes, and rivers through miles of magnificent aqueducts was a menace to health, for there was no chlorine with which to kill the bacteria. When accident befell him, there was no iodine for the healing of the wound; when he lay gasping for breath, no cylinder of oxygen to save him.
The story of the disclosure, one by one, of the chemical elements has never been told as a connected narrative. The re ports of these discoveries and the life stories of the discoverers are recorded for the most part in old chemical journals, bio graphical dictionaries, old letters, and obsolete textbooks that are seldom read by the busy modern chemist. It is hoped, therefore, that these chapters may not only render tribute to the honored men and women who helped to reveal the hidden chemical ele ments, but may also serve to acquaint chemists and others with these great achievements.
The task of selecting and eliminating material, has been pleasant but difficult, It has frequently happened that two or more men have discovered the same element independently, In other instances various observers have recognized the existence of a new element long before it was actually isolated. In such cases an attempt has been made to relate all important steps in the discovery as fairly and completely as possible without ascribing the honor of discovery to any one person. If the reader is led through closer acquaintance with the dis coverers of the chemical elements to a deeper appreciation of their glorious achievements, the book has not been written in vain.

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80,1 MB
10 wrz 18 22:03

Mary Elvira Weeks - Discovery of the Elements, 6th Edition (1960).pdf

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Karl Gogg - Österreichs Kriegsmarine 1848-1918 (19 74).jpg

All History - Karl Gogg - sterreichs Kriegsmarine 1848-1918 1974.jpg

German

Salzburg, Bergland-Buch, 1967. 8vo. Pp. 168. With halftone picture catalogue of 264 ships. Full explanatory lists. Hardcover, original decorated white cloth, flag imposed in red on upper cover, spine lettered in blue, with pictorial dust-jacket. In excellent condition. Fine copy. First edition.

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61,8 MB
10 wrz 18 22:03

Karl Gogg - Österreichs Kriegsmarine 1848-1918 (19 74).pdf

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Spencer G. Lucas - Chinese Fossil Vertebrates (200 1).jpg

The literature on Chinese fossil vertebrates is extremely difficult for Western scholars to assimilate and interpret. In part, this is because much of that literature is in Chinese, and few useful reviews exist in Western languages. Yet China has an extensive vertebrate fossil record, one that plays a key role in understanding the evolution of vertebrates. Spencer Lucas gives an up-to-date review and synthesis of the Chinese vertebrate fossil record that will greatly facilitate an understanding of and further research into this outstanding fossil record. The book provides the reader with a comprehensive, chronologically ordered review of China's vertebrate fossil record. It also presents a history of vertebrate paleontological studies in China and an entrée to some important issues of systematics, evolutionary history, paleoecology, taphonomy, and functional anatomy best elucidated by China's fossils. This volume should therefore become an indispensable part of the library of any student of vertebrate evolution.

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Peter Murray - Architektura włoskiego renesansu (1 999).jpg

Architektura renesansowa, która pojawiła się około roku 1420 we Florencji w dziełach Brunelleschiego i Albertiego, osiągnęła swój szczyt w następnych pokoleniach wraz z pojawieniem się takich geniuszy dojrzałego renesansu, jak Bramante, Sanmicheli, Sangallo, Peruzzi, Sansovino i Michał Anioł. Ich twórczość w sposób jasny i z wyczuciem omawia profesor Murray. Była to nie tylko epoka niezrównanych osiągnięć architektonicznych w samej Italii. Dostarcza ona także klucza do zrozumienia rozwoju architektury w pozostałych krajach Europy w ciągu następnych trzech stuleci. Książka stanowi jedno z najlepszych wprowadzeń do problematyki architektury włoskiego renesansu.

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Richard Abel - Encyclopedia of Early Cinema (2005).jpg

Covering the 1890s to the mid-1910s, this work focuses on the period during which filmmaking progressed from the early flickering moving images that lasted only a matter of seconds to multiple-reel, feature films running more than an hour. By offering an international perspective and encompassing not only the production aspects of early motion pictures but also their distribution, exhibition, and reception, this work fills a gap in the reference literature on film.

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Richard Abel - Encyclopedia of Early Cinema (2005).pdf

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Barbara N. Ramusack - The New Cambridge History of India, Volume 3, Part 6, The Indian Princes and t heir States (2004).jpeg

All History - Barbara N. Ramusack - The New Cambridge History of In... 3, Part 6, The Indian Princes and their States 2004.jpeg

Barbara Ramusack describes the pre-colonial origins of the Indian princes, frequently portrayed as synonymous with oriental luxury, and how they adapted their public activities and personal lifestyles to survive as political leaders and cultural icons. Their collaboration enabled the British to govern India with relatively limited manpower from the late 1790s to 1947. The book is intended for students of colonial history and visitors to the princely states.

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Barbara N. Ramusack - The New Cambridge History of India, Volume 3, Part 6, The Indian Princes and t heir States (2004).pdf

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10 wrz 18 22:03

A. A. Sayce , R. Peterson - Race in Ancient Egypt and the Old Testament (1993).jpg

Race in Ancient Egypt and the Old Testament
A. Sayce (Author), R. Peterson (Author)

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A. A. Sayce , R. Peterson - Race in Ancient Egypt and the Old Testament (1993).pdf

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Mercedes Garcia-Arenal - Messianism and Puritanica l Reform (2006).jpg

This is a book about revolutionary movements of a messianic and millenarian character, led by a "mahdi", in Islamic terms, a charismatic messianic leader. It also addresses the question of mediation between God and men and the political repercussions of this question in the history of the pre-Modern Muslim West. Mahdism is considered in relation to sufi ideas, terminology and symbols which shape notions of authority and of legitimate power when claiming direct, intimate contact between the holy and the divine. The relationship between mahdism and the legitimacy of power, the process by which the messianic paradigm becomes inseparable from the claim to the caliphate are amply discussed. The contents of the book range from the times of the Muslim conquest of North Africa and Iberia, to the first part of the XVIIth century with the end of Muslim Iberia and the beginnings of European intervention in Morocco.

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1,5 MB
10 wrz 18 22:03

Mercedes Garcia-Arenal - Messianism and Puritanica l Reform (2006) [PDF].rar

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Rosemary Hill - God's Architect, Pugin and the Bui lding of Romantic Britain (2009).jpg

Augustus Welby Northmore Pugin (1812–1852) was one of Britain’s greatest architects, and his short career one of the most dramatic in architectural history. Born in 1812, the son of a French draftsman, at 15 Pugin was working for King George IV at Windsor Castle. By the time he was 21 he had been shipwrecked, bankrupted, and widowed. Nineteen years later he died, insane and disillusioned, having changed the face and the mind of British architecture in works as revered as the House of Lords and the clock tower at Westminster, known as Big Ben.

God’s Architect is the first modern biography of this extraordinary figure. Rosemary Hill draws upon thousands of unpublished letters and drawings to re-create Pugin’s life and work as architect, propagandist, and Gothic designer, as well as the turbulent story of his three marriages, the bitterness of his last years, and his sudden death at 40. It is the work of an exceptional historian and biographer.

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Jiří Macháček - The Rise of Medieval Towns and Sta tes in East Central Europe. Early Medieval Centres as Social and Economic Systems (2010).jpg

All History - Ji Machek - The Rise of Medieval Towns and States in ...Medieval Centres as Social and Economic Systems 2010.jpg

This book is a contribution to the understanding the transformations that took place across Europe during the second half of the first millennium. The goal is to draw conclusions on the basis of the archaeological evidence from important centres.

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Philip Major - Literatures of Exile in the English Revolution and its Aftermath, 1640–1690 (2010).jpg

Original and thought-provoking, this collection sheds new light on an important yet understudied feature of seventeenth-century England's political and cultural landscape: exile. Through an essentially literary lens, exile is examined both as physical departure from England - to France, Germany, the Low Countries and America - and as inner, mental withdrawal. In the process, a strikingly wide variety of contemporary sources comes under scrutiny, including letters, diaries, plays, treatises, translations and poetry. The extent to which the richness and disparateness of these modes of writing militates against or constructs a recognisable 'rhetoric' of exile is one of the book's overriding themes. Also under consideration is the degree to which exilic writing in this period is intended for public consumption, a product of private reflection, or characterised by a coalescence of the two. Importantly, this volume extends the chronological range of the English Revolution beyond 1660 by demonstrating that exile during the Restoration formed a meaningful continuum with displacement during the civil wars of the mid-century. This in-depth and overdue study of prominent and hitherto obscure exiles, conspicuously diverse in political and religious allegiance yet inextricably bound by the shared experience of displacement, will be of interest to scholars in a range of disciplines.

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Philip Major - Literatures of Exile in the English Revolution and its Aftermath, 1640–1690 (2010).pdf

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R. G. Grant - Soldier, A Visual History of the Fig hting Man (2007).jpg

This book presents a warrior's life, on and off the battlefield. From the Samurai of Japan to US rifleman, explore the dramatic experiences of soldiers who've fought battles and paid the price of warfare. Experience life on the frontline through personal accounts of the training, living conditions and engagements from 2,500 years of military history. Learn about fighting techniques and tactics from each era, and see the armour, uniforms, kit and weapons used in the field. Virtual tours take you inside the fortresses, ships, tanks and aircraft in which soldiers have battled, from a Viking longship to the cockpit of a B17 bomber. This book contains foreword from Colonel Tim Collins (OBE), who made headlines with his inspirational 'Eve-of-Battle' speech during the Iraqi conflict. This is an essential visual record of the fighting man.

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Peter Spufford - Money and its Use in Medieval Eur ope (1988).jpg

The many changing roles played by money in Europe throughout the Middle Ages are traced through war and trade and other political, economic, and ecclesiastical activities, regardless of national or international barriers.

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Peter Spufford - Money and its Use in Medieval Eur ope (1988).djvu

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Kerren M. Reiger - The Disenchantment of the Home, Modernizing the Australian Family, 1880-1940 (198 6).jpg

This book is a revised and shortened version of my Ph.D. thesis, 'The disenchantment of the home, the rationalization of domestic life in Victoria, 1880-1940', La Trobe University, 1982. The research took place over several years during which I carried considerable teaching and other responsibilities. Over this period, therefore, many people - colleagues, friends and family - have provided support and assistance. In particular, I wish to acknowledge the support and guidance of my two thesis supervisors, Jim Hammerton and Rosemary Wearing. Although there were often lengthy periods in which work seemed at a standstill, and others during which motivation dwindled, their steady encouragement and interest helped keep me going. On a formal level, acknowledgement must also be made of the research time made available in 1980 by the former Preston (now Phillip) Institute of Technology, which allowed me to finish the last stages of research. Thanks are also due to the organizations which allowed access to their records, and to the individuals who gave their time and assistance, in particular those kind people who generously granted interviews. I am also grateful for the access to the Vera Scantlebury Brown papers given by Cath James; to the Wallace papers by Mrs Dawson; and for the assistance provided by Mark Richmond, University of Melbourne Archives.

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Kerren M. Reiger - The Disenchantment of the Home, Modernizing the Australian Family, 1880-1940 (198 6).pdf

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10 wrz 18 22:03

M. Sukru Hanioglu - A Brief History of the Late Ot toman Empire (2008).jpg

At the turn of the nineteenth century, the Ottoman Empire straddled three continents and encompassed extraordinary ethnic and cultural diversity among the estimated thirty million people living within its borders. It was perhaps the most cosmopolitan state in the world--and possibly the most volatile. A Brief History of the Late Ottoman Empire now gives scholars and general readers a concise history of the late empire between 1789 and 1918, turbulent years marked by incredible social change.
Moving past standard treatments of the subject, M. Sükrü Hanioglu emphasizes broad historical trends and processes more than single events. He examines the imperial struggle to centralize amid powerful opposition from local rulers, nationalist and other groups, and foreign powers. He looks closely at the socioeconomic changes this struggle wrought and addresses the Ottoman response to the challenges of modernity. Hanioglu shows how this history is not only essential to comprehending modern Turkey, but is integral to the histories of Europe and the world. He brings Ottoman society marvelously to life in all its facets--cultural, diplomatic, intellectual, literary, military, and political--and he mines imperial archives and other documents from the period to describe it as it actually was, not as it has been portrayed in postimperial nationalist narratives. A Brief History of the Late Ottoman Empire is a must-read for anyone seeking to understand the legacy left in this empire's ruins--a legacy the world still grapples with today.

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Waltraud Q. Morales - A Brief History of Bolivia ( 2003).jpg

Recent decades have witnessed major reform within Bolivia: an impressive democratic and economic resurgence, a more modern electoral system, and technological and communications expansion. Political slogans celebrate a "Bolivia, la Nueva" (The New Bolivia), but the problems and dilemmas of the past - political instability and authoritarianism; social Injustice and inequality; illicit drug trafficking and regional isolation - continue to haunt the present. A Brief History of Bolivia offers a concise yet comprehensive account of the history of Bolivia, from the time of the first ancient civilizations near the shores of Lake Titicaca to the most recent social and political developments. Bolivia's tangled and tumultuous past, in which governments since independence in 1825 have seldom been stable for more than a few years, is presented in an engaging narrative that makes even the most confusing events clear.

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Waltraud Q. Morales - A Brief History of Bolivia ( 2003).pdf

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D. H. Figueredo - A Brief History of the Caribbean (2008).jpg

"A Brief History of the Caribbean" is an overview of the historical events that have taken place and shaped the islands of the Caribbean Sea - beginning with an account of the indigenous populations before the arrival of Christopher Columbus in 1492 and ending with the major political and economic developments in early 2007 in Aruba, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Haiti, Jamaica, and Puerto Rico, among others.The historical perspective is enriched by allusions to the culture, manners, and morals of particular periods, often highlighting the connection between literary activities and politics, such as the Negritude Movement, and literary figures and politicians, such as Juan Bosch in the Dominican Republic. Complementing the narrative are sidebars with important and unusual information on topics such as women pirates, meals eaten by slaves, and the cultural preference for strong leaders in the region. The authors attempt to give readers a multicultural perspective that will allow them to understand events from both an insider's and an outsider's viewpoints.

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D. H. Figueredo - A Brief History of the Caribbean (2008).pdf

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Lynn V. Foster - A Brief History of Central Americ a (2008).jpg

"A Brief History of Central America, Second Edition" explores the history of the Central American isthmus from the pre-Columbian cultures to the contemporary nations that make up the region today: Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama. This second edition brings the history of the region up to date with new developments, including recent elections, the continued struggle with the aftermath of the civil wars, and the impact of the free trade agreement signed with the United States in 2003/2004.

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Lynn V. Foster - A Brief History of Central Americ a (2008).pdf

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Polecam, książki o Wikingach, archeologia,rekonstrukcja średniowiecza, bazy znalezisk, wczesne średniowiecze: Hedeby, Archeologia wikingów

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AUDIOBOOKI NOWOŚCI 2025 I HITY WYDAWNICZE EBOOKI różne formaty, NOWOŚCI, HITY, kryminał, reportaż, psychologia, psychiatria, thriller, klasyki gatunku, trudnodostępne perełki, zapraszam!

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