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	!! HISTORIA - książki, artykuły
	@ Fizyka. Serie
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81 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Andrew Tyrrell, William O. Frazer - Social Identit y in Early Medieval Britain (2001).jpg

Social identity - how people define and categorize themselves - is constructed and exed through cultural practices, cultural production and corporeality. This text takes a theoretical approach in viewing social identity as an intricate "warp and weft" in which "we-identities" are more than mere agglomerations of single threads or collectives of individual "self-identities", such as ethnicity or gender. This is important for medieval Britain prior to the 11th century due to the ways in which aspects of identity have been used as defining criteria in both modern scholarship and in contemporary historical texts.

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18,1 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Andrew Tyrrell, William O. Frazer - Social Identit y in Early Medieval Britain (2001).pdf

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31 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Phil Sidnell - Warhorse (2004).jpg

Cavalry were an important part of almost every ancient army, yet modern writers have neglected them in favour of the infantry of the Greek phalanx and the Roman legions. Warhorse seeks to correct this injustice.
Phil Sidnell challenges the common view that ancient cavalry were useful for scouting and raiding but left the real fighting to the foot soldiers. In fact, he argues, they were often used in a shock role and proved decisive on many occasions. The famous victories of great generals such as Alexander, Hannibal and Julius Caesar could not have been won without a full appreciation of the battle-winning potential of the cavalry.
Drawing heavily on the ancient sources, Warhorse takes the reader on a thrilling ride through numerous vividly recreated battles, from the earliest civilizations to the Battle of Hastings, to reveal the horsemen of the ancient world in their full and deadly glory.

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22,2 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Phil Sidnell - Warhorse (2004).pdf

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242 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Rhiannon Purdie; Nicola Royan - The Scots and Medi eval Arthurian Legend (2005).jpg

Scotland's importance in Arthurian legend is undeniable: it was the traditional homeland of key figures such as Gawain; its landscape is still dotted with Arthurian associations, and many modern attempts to locate a historical Arthur end up in Scotland. Nevertheless, Scotland's complex relationship with Arthurian legend has been surprisingly neglected, and this volume is the first to be dedicated to it. The essays cover the period between the appearance in ca. 1136 of Geoffrey of Monmouth's Historia Regum Britanniae and the accession of James VI to the English throne as James I in 1603 -- five centuries of precarious Scottish independence during which the relationship of the Scots and the English, as refracted through Arthurian legend, is at its most turbulent and changeable. The approaches are both literary and historical, covering such topics as the direct responses of early Scottish historians to the challenges set by Geoffrey's work, Arthurian literature written in Scots, the circulation of other Arthurian material in Scotland, and the portrayal of Scotland and the Scots in English and French Arthurian texts. This volume will be of equal interest to Arthurians and to students of older Scottish history and culture.

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10,3 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Rhiannon Purdie; Nicola Royan - The Scots and Medi eval Arthurian Legend (2005).pdf

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78 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Andreas Herberg-Roth - Clausewitz's Puzzle, The Po litical Theory of War (2007).jpg

Blending detailed contextual analysis with issues in modern-day international relations this book provides a major new analysis of the theory of Clausewitz and its relevance to contemporary society. This book argues that Clausewitz developed a wide-ranging political theory of war by reflecting on the success, the limitations, and the failure of Napoleon's method of waging war, a theory, which is still relevant in light of contemporary conflict. This new interpretation is the result of reflecting on Clausewitz's theory in light of the new developments and lays down the foundation of a general theory of war by concentrating on Clausewitz's historical analyses of war campaigns. For the first time analysis of three paradigmatic military campaigns is placed at the centre of understanding surrounding Clausewitz's 'On War': The author argues that the limitations of Napoleon's strategy, as revealed in Russia and in his final defeat, enabled Clausewitz to develop a general theory of war. This book is a project of the Oxford Leverhulme Programme on the Changing Character of War.

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10,7 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Andreas Herberg-Roth - Clausewitz's Puzzle, The Po litical Theory of War (2007).pdf

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115 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

David B. Ruderman - Early Modern Jewry. A New Cult ural History (2010).jpg

Early Modern Jewry boldly offers a new history of the early modern Jewish experience. From Krakow and Venice to Amsterdam and Smyrna, David Ruderman examines the historical and cultural factors unique to Jewish communities throughout Europe, and how these distinctions played out amidst the rest of society. Looking at how Jewish settlements in the early modern period were linked to one another in fascinating ways, he shows how Jews were communicating with each other and were more aware of their economic, social, and religious connections than ever before.

Ruderman explores five crucial and powerful characteristics uniting Jewish communities: a mobility leading to enhanced contacts between Jews of differing backgrounds, traditions, and languages, as well as between Jews and non-Jews; a heightened sense of communal cohesion throughout all Jewish settlements that revealed the rising power of lay oligarchies; a knowledge explosion brought about by the printing press, the growing interest in Jewish books by Christian readers, an expanded curriculum of Jewish learning, and the entrance of Jewish elites into universities; a crisis of rabbinic authority expressed through active messianism, mystical prophecy, radical enthusiasm, and heresy; and the blurring of religious identities, impacting such groups as conversos, Sabbateans, individual converts to Christianity, and Christian Hebraists.

In describing an early modern Jewish culture, Early Modern Jewry reconstructs a distinct epoch in history and provides essential background for understanding the modern Jewish experience.

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191 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Lora S. Irish - Great Book of Celtic Patterns, The Ultimate Design Sourcebook for Artists and Crafte rs (2007).jpg

All History1 - Lora S. Irish - Great Book of Celtic Patterns, The U...mate Design Sourcebook for Artists and Crafters 2007.jpg

Calling on geometric forms found in Celtic monuments and manuscripts, this crafter’s companion presents basic design principles and step-by-step instructions for plotting out and drawing lines, twists, braids, and knots in the ancient Irish tradition. With lessons that can be applied to a multitude of arts and crafts—from needlework and woodworking to decorative painting—this instructional guide unravels the secrets to creating intricate Celtic knot work. Offering increasingly intricate designs with the addition of lines and new textures, artisans of any skill level will revel in the endless archive of original patterns provided in this sourcebook.

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25,2 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Lora S. Irish - Great Book of Celtic Patterns, The Ultimate Design Sourcebook for Artists and Crafte rs (2007).PDF

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70 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Catherine Epstein - Model Nazi, Arthur Greiser and the Occupation of Western Poland (2010).jpg

Model Nazi tells the story of Arthur Greiser, the man who initiated the Final Solution in Nazi-occupied Poland. Between 1939 and 1945, Greiser was the territorial leader of the Warthegau, an area of western Poland annexed to Nazi Germany. In an effort to make the Warthegau "German," Greiser introduced numerous cruel policies. He spearheaded an influx of hundreds of thousands of ethnic Germans. He segregated Germans from Poles, and introduced wide-ranging discriminatory measures against the Polish population. He refashioned the urban and natural landscape to make it "German." And even more chillingly, the first and longest standing ghetto, the largest forced labour program, and the first mass gassings of Jews in Nazi-occupied Europe were all initiated under Greiser's jurisdiction.
Who was the man behind these dreadful policies? Catherine Epstein gives us a compelling biographical portrait of Greiser the man: his birth in the German-Polish borderlands, his rise to Nazi prominence in Danzig, his actions as party leader in the Warthegau, and his trial and execution in postwar Poland. Drawing on a remarkable array of German and Polish sources, she shows how nationalist obsessions, political jealousies, and personal insecurities shaped the policies of a man who held remarkable power in his Nazi fiefdom. Throughout, Epstein confronts a burning question of our age: why do individuals imagine genocide and ethnic cleansing to be solutions to political problems?

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194 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Erol Korogl - Ottoman Propaganda and Turkish Ident ity, Literature in Turkey During World War I (2007 ).jpg

Throughout World War I the Entente Powers (France, Britain, Russia and later the USA) directed widespread efforts towards the generation of propaganda as a weapon of war, with devastating effect. However, in the underdeveloped and multi-ethnic Ottoman Empire, the Turkish intelligentsia could not produce adequate propaganda to support the war effort. As the war unfolded, writers abandoned their initial attempts at propaganda and turned instead to the task of defining a national identity. In this new reassessment of Turkish literature and propaganda in World War I, Erol Köroglu argues the Ottoman-Turkish intelligentsia used the conditions created by the war to eliminate the deficiencies in national culture and build a Turkish identity, a project inherited from the pre-war years.

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1,3 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Erol Korogl - Ottoman Propaganda and Turkish Ident ity, Literature in Turkey During World War I (2007 ).pdf

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19 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

John S. Major, Constance A. Cook - Defining Chu, I mage and Reality in Ancient China (1999).jpg

Scholars agree that the "southern" culture of China, roughly identifiable with the state of Chu during the period between 700 and 200 BC, is of great importance in the subsequent development Chinese culture. This book attempts a broad and in-depth analysis of this state, tracing the evolution of the Chu from a vassal state of Zhou to its rise and fall as a great hegemonic kingdom in the Warring States period and its eventual resurgence in the early Han dynasty. A translation of the "Chu Silk Manuscript", a document that has intrigued scholars since its discovery in Chansha, is appended.

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86 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Peter Mangold - The Almost Impossible Ally, Harold and Charles de Gaulle (2006).jpg

In 1963, General de Gaulle (described by the Foreign Office as Prime Minister 's "almost impossible ally") aggressively vetoed Britain's first bid to join the Common Market. It was a blow that delayed Britain's entry for a decade and hastened the end of Harold 's political career. Peter Mangold explores the complex issues that bound the two men in the post-war world, from decolonization to co-operation in the Cold War, and the character traits that separated them in this fascinating portrait of an Anglo-French friendship that turned sour.

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77 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Victor Cunrui Xiong - Historical Dictionary of Med ieval China (2009).jpg

The Historical Dictionary of Medieval China fills an urgent need for a standard reference tailored to the interest of Western academics and readers. The history of medieval China is related through the book's introductory essay, maps, a table of Dynastic Periods, a bibliography, and hundreds of cross-referenced dictionary entries on key people, historical geography, arts, institutions, events, and other important terms.

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12,6 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Victor Cunrui Xiong - Historical Dictionary of Med ieval China (2009) [PDF].rar

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73 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Chiao-Min Hsieh - Race the Rising Sun, A Chinese U niversity's Exodus during the Second World War (20 09).jpg

This book is about Zhejiang University, one of the oldest and most prestigious universities in China, which was forced to evacuate from the beautiful city of Hangzhou when the Japanese arrived in 1937. The events surrounding this exodus inland remain virtually unknown to the Western world.

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2,4 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Chiao-Min Hsieh - Race the Rising Sun, A Chinese U niversity's Exodus during the Second World War (20 09).pdf

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127 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Brian Duignan - Modern Philosophy, From 1500 Ce to the Present (2010).jpg

Responding to the needs of an increasingly secularized and educated populace, the philosophical tradition since the Renaissance has shifted dramatically away from that of the preceding centuries. Concerned more with rationality, human nature, and human interaction with society and the world than the theological questions of the Middle Ages, contemporary philosophy has advanced study of the limits of the human mind. This insightful volume traces the evolution of present-day Western philosophy and the diverging methods of inquiry that continue to inform a wide range of disciplines.

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4,5 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Brian Duignan - Modern Philosophy, From 1500 Ce to the Present (2010).pdf

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282 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Hakan Ozoglu - Kurdish Notables and the Ottoman St ate, Evolving Identities, Competing Loyalties, and Shifting Boundaries (2004).jpg

All History1 - Hakan Ozoglu - Kurdish Notables and the Ottoman Stat...s, Competing Loyalties, and Shifting Boundaries 2004.jpg

Examines early Kurdish nationalism within the context of the demise of the Ottoman Empire.

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2,2 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Hakan Ozoglu - Kurdish Notables and the Ottoman St ate, Evolving Identities, Competing Loyalties, and Shifting Boundaries (2004).pdf

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184 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Henk Tromp - A Real Van Gogh, How the Art World St ruggles with Truth (2010).jpg

In 1928, after eleven years of extensive research and editing, Dr. Jacob Baart de la Faille finally finished the first catalogue raisonné of Vincent van Gogh’s work. Soon after, however, de la Faille discovered that he had mistakenly listed dozens of forged works as genuine in the catalog. He quickly set out to set the record straight but was met with strong resistance from art dealers, collectors, critics, politicians, amongst others—all of whom had self-interested reasons to oppose his corrections.

To this day, the international art world struggles to separate the real Van Goghs from the fake. A Real Van Gogh begins with the story of de la Faille and moves into the late decades of the twentieth century, outlining the numerous clashes over the authenticity of Van Gogh’s works while simultaneously exposing the often bewildering ramifications for art critics and scholars when they bring unwelcome news.

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3,9 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Henk Tromp - A Real Van Gogh, How the Art World St ruggles with Truth (2010).pdf

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135 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Iain McLean - Rational Choice and British Politics , An Analysis of Rhetoric and Manipulation from Pe el to Blair (2001).jpg

All History1 - Iain McLean - Rational Choice and British Politics, A...of Rhetoric and Manipulation from Peel to Blair 2001.jpg

This engaging and original study, by one of the leading scholars of rational choice theory, explores the course of British parliamentary politics over the last 150 years. It combines social science and analytical narrative history with the great turning points in British politics: the Repeal of the Corn Law; the Victorian crisis of the Liberal and Conservative Parties; the Irish Question and Lloyd George's solution to it; the New Liberal origins of the welfare state; the politics of race and empire under Chamberlain and Powell; and the politics of "there is no alternative" under Margaret Thatcher.

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1,6 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Iain McLean - Rational Choice and British Politics , An Analysis of Rhetoric and Manipulation from Pe el to Blair (2001).pdf

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119 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

John P. Rafferty - The Mesozoic Era, Age of Dinosa urs (2010).jpg

It was a time of huge “thunder lizards” roaming steamy
fern jungles; of “mammal-reptiles” walking the land of
Laurasia; of continental movements, mountain building,
and massive volcanoes; and a time of the most horrific,
earth-shattering extinctions that ever occurred on this
planet. It was the middle times of what is called the
Phanerozoic Eon, a geologic interval lasting almost a half
billion years. It was the time of the dinosaurs…and much,
much more. We call this time the Mesozoic Era.
Dinosaurs. The word itself immediately calls to mind
large, predatory reptiles stalking the Earth. As young and
old alike experience such visual, visceral responses to the
word, it is difficult to believe that a mere 200 years ago, no
one had any idea that these creatures had ever existed.
This book takes readers back to that point of discovery
and classification, when English anatomist Sir Richard
Owen first attempted to classify strange bones found in his
country. And discoveries continue. Readers will learn about
new and contradictory ideas of what the dinosaurs were—
and were not. Were they cold-blooded? Did they all vanish
in an extinction? The answers might surprise you.
Dinosaurs were the dominant life form of the Mesozoic
Era. Each period within that era had a different variety of
these amazing creatures, but all can generally be assigned
to one of two major groups: Saurischia (“lizard hips”) or
Ornithischia (“bird hips”). Those in the Saurischia group
belong to either the Sauropodomorpha subgroup, which
consist of herbivores, or the Theropoda subgroup, the
carnivores. Examples of the first subgroup would include
the Brontosaurs, an out-of-date term, but one which many
people can identify as the massive long-necked leaf-eater
of cartoons. These animals could reach 30 metres (100
feet) in length and weigh in excess of 70 metric tons.
Probably the most recognizable theropod would be the
mighty Tyrannosaurus rex, 15 metres (50 feet) and 5 metric

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