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	!! HISTORIA - książki, artykuły
	@ Fizyka. Serie
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143,9 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Glencoe World History (2004).pdf

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119 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Osprey - Fortress 96 - Konstantin Nossov - The For tress of Rhodes 1309-1522 (2010).jpg

First besieged in 305 BC, the island of Rhodes became part of the Roman Empire and was later fortified in the Byzantine style. Due to its strategic position in the Mediterranean, Rhodes was also attacked and besieged for over a century by Islamic forces. This title details the development of these fascinating fortifications, as well as the sieges that sought to reduce them.

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13 gru 18 15:43

David Bates, Anne Curry - England and Normandy in the Middle Ages (1994).jpg

The histories of England and of Normandy in the middle ages were inextricably linked. England and Normandy in the Middle Ages
pres a synoptic view by leading scholars of not only political and military but also of ecclesiastical and cultural links. Taken together these essays pre an up-to-date scholarly account of relations between England and its immediate neighbour.

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22,2 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

David Bates, Anne Curry - England and Normandy in the Middle Ages (1994).pdf

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104 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Farid Mirbagheri - Historical Dictionary of Cypru s (2009).jpg

From ancient times to the present, the history of Cyprus is provided in this useful reference, which includes hundreds of cross-referenced dictionary entries on its historical, political, social, cultural, and economic history.

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13 gru 18 15:43

Farid Mirbagheri - Historical Dictionary of Cypru s (2009).pdf

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13 gru 18 15:43

Gavriel D. Rosenfeld, Paul B. Jaskot - Beyond Berl in, Twelve German Cities Confront the Nazi Past (2 008).jpg

All History1 - Gavriel D. Rosenfeld, Paul B. Jaskot - Beyond Berlin,...in, Twelve German Cities Confront the Nazi Past 2008.jpg

Beyond Berlin breaks new ground in the ongoing effort to understand how memorials, buildings, and other spaces have figured in Germany's confrontation with its Nazi past. The contributors challenge reigning views of Germany's postwar memory work by examining how specific urban centers apart from the nation's capital have wrestled with their respective Nazi legacies. A wide range of West and East German cities is profiled in the volume: prominent metropolises like Hamburg, dynamic regional centers like Dresden, gritty industrial cities like Wolfsburg, and idyllic rural towns like Quedlinburg. In employing historical, art historical, anthropological, and geographical methodologies to examine these and other important urban centers, the volume's case studies shed new light upon the complex ways in which the confrontation with the Nazi past has directly shaped the German urban landscape since the end of the Second World War.
"Beyond Berlin is one of the most fascinating, deeply probing collections ever published on Germany's ongoing confrontation with its Nazi past. Its editors, Gavriel Rosenfeld and Paul Jaskot, have taken the exploration of Germany's urban memorial landscape to its highest level yet."
---James E. Young, Professor and Chair, Department of Judaic and Near Eastern Studies, University of Massachusetts Amherst, and author of The Texture of Memory and At Memory's Edge
"This is a top-notch collection of essays that positions itself in the populated field of memory studies by bringing together original contributions representing the best of new scholarship on architecture, urban design, monuments, and memory in East and West Germany. Taken together, the essays remind readers that the Nazi past is always present when German architects, urban planners, and politicians make decisions to tear down, rebuild, restore, and memorialize."
---S. Jonathan Wiesen, Department of History, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale

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1,8 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Gavriel D. Rosenfeld, Paul B. Jaskot - Beyond Berl in, Twelve German Cities Confront the Nazi Past (2 008).pdf

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98 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Ian Shaw, Robert Jameson - A Dictionary of Archaeo logy (2002).jpg

This dictionary provides those studying or working in archaeology with a complete reference to the field.

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8,3 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Ian Shaw, Robert Jameson - A Dictionary of Archaeo logy (2002).pdf

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392 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

James D. Woods & David A.E. Pelteret - The Anglo S axons, Synthesis and Achievements (1986).jpg

This book is not a synthesis, but it does celebrate an achievement, because it consists of the papers given at a colloquium on "The Anglo-Saxons and their neighbours" held at Scarborough College in the University of Toronto in 1979. One can see that it must have been a most stimulating occasion, especially since several of the papers are concerned with subjects which were real growth-points in 1979, but a great deal of its impact has been lost by the delay of six or seven years before its publication.
The volume is dedicated to the memory of two of its most distinguished contributors, who unfortunately did not see its publication. In "The Boundaries of Old English Literature," Angus Cameron argues forcefully that Neil Ker's Catalogue of Manuscripts containing Anglo-Saxon (1957) is "the most important contribution which has ever been made to the study of Old English literature. "Why? Because it enables scholars to establish the complete corpus of Old English literature, which can now be seen to consist of some 2,300,000 running words of text. Surprisingly poetry accounts for only 8½ percent of the total. What were the other 91½ percent about? Cameron tells us, and all Anglo-Saxonists should read him. Colin Chase is equally interesting in his exploration of the contrast of the thought-worlds of Bede and Beowulf. Borrowinga phrase from Patrick Wormald, he concentrates on the "zone of silence" between them and asks how they could possibly have belonged to the same civilization. As with Cameron, Anglo-Saxonists should read him and consider his argument carefully.
The papers are not arranged in any chronological or thematic order-a fact which will be regretted by those in search of a synthesis-but are printed (presumably) in the order in which they were delivered. Nonetheless, Colin Chase's theme is taken up by other papers at various points in the book. J. Douglas Woods uses a computer and lexicostatistics, not only to compare Old Saxon with Anglo-Saxon, but also to discover how far the Old Saxon author of Heliand succeeded in accommodating the heroic world to that of Christianity. More conventionally, John Corbett writes about Oswald and Cuthbert as two holy men in a post-Peter-Brown vein. Claude Evans gives an admirable introduction to "the Celtic Church in Anglo-Saxon times," a model of how to make a learned paper interesting for experts and non-experts alike. In a narrower field Antoinette di Paolo Healey explores the Anglo-Saxon attitude to the New Testament Apocrypha, though here the non-expert will probably need more information about what these apocryphal writings were, and how they were viewed elsewhere in Christendom.
There are two excellent papers on aspects of Anglo-Saxon society. In "Domestic peace and public order in Anglo-Saxon Law," Rebecca Colman considers the term hamsocn which first occurs strangely late (936 x 946) in English laws, but owed its importance to the fact that "an isolated homestead would contain within its confines subsistence for its occupants from one harvest to the next." In "Slavery in Anglo-Saxon England" David Pelteret investigates a topic which is too often slurred over...

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24,4 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

James D. Woods & David A.E. Pelteret - The Anglo S axons, Synthesis and Achievements (1986).pdf

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13 gru 18 15:43

Nicholas Brooks - Anglo-Saxon Myths, State and Chu rch, 400-1066 (2003).jpg

In this collection of essays Nicholas Brooks explores some of the earliest and most problematical sources, both written and archaeological, for early English history. In his hands, the structure and functions of Anglo-Saxon origin stories and charters (whether authentic or forged) illuminate English political and social structures, as well as ecclesiastical, urban and rural landscapes. As well as previously published essays, Anglo-Saxon Myths: State and Church, 400-1066 includes a new account of the English origin myth and a review of the developments in the study of Anglo-Saxon charters over the last twenty years.

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18,4 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Nicholas Brooks - Anglo-Saxon Myths, State and Chu rch, 400-1066 (2003).pdf

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13 gru 18 15:43

Osprey - Fortress 86 - Christopher Gravett - Engli sh Castles 1200-1300 (2009).jpg

The simple castles raised after the Norman conquest had been developed throughout 11th and 12th centuries, whilst the introduction of Islamic and Byzantine fortification techniques from the late 12th century led to further developments in castle architecture.
These fortifications were to be well tested throughout the course of the 13th century as England was riven by the conflict, characterized by prolonged sieges, between the monarchy and powerful magnates. As well as providing the focus for warfare, castles increasingly became the centres of their communities, providing a more permanent base for the lord, his family and retainers, as well as acting as centres for justice and administration.

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199 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Peking University Library - A Pictorial Record of the Qing Dynasty, Qing Dynasty Architecture (2010).jpg

This book is a compilation of 540 photographs and paintings of Qing Dynasty architecture that appeared in Western publications currently housed in the Peking University Library. The collection is categorized into 18 chapters, such as city walls and gates, pagodas, archways, guild houses, churches, streets, and bridges. These photographs and paintings present a visual introduction to the modes and styles of Chinese architecture built before and during the Qing Dynasty. Besides mirroring the various social upheavals in China during the late Qing Dynasty, the photographs also reflect the Sino Western cultural interactions and military encounters then. This is shown in photographs of armed foreign troops standing guard on the city walls of Nanjing and the triumphant parade of the German military motorcade along a street in Qingdao. In conclusion, this book is useful as a visual reference for researching the architectural evolution during the Qing Dynasty and also provides a fresh and multi-faceted perspective on China's political, social, cultural, and economic landscapes then.

KEY FEATURES
- The latest publication from the series, A Pictorial Record of the Qing Dynasty.

- High print resolution: close examination of details on each photograph is enhanced with the high print resolution of the book.

- Reader-friendly layout: single- or dual-picture layout on each page facilitates a fast browsing experience on printed and eBook formats.

- Accompanying text: each photograph includes useful annotations such as, explanatory notes touching on specific architectural features, sources, dates of photography, and names of photographers.

- Chapter overview: each chapter opens with a brief historical overview and introduction to the specific architecture.

- Quotations from Western publications: interesting remarks on Qing Dynasty architecture are included from books written by Western historical figures, such as Osvald Siren, Matteo Ricci, and Hans Christian Andersen.

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13 gru 18 15:43

Peter Ward Fay - Opium War, 1840-1842, Barbarians in the Celestial Empire in the Early Part of the N ineteenth Century and the War by Which They Forced Her Gates (1998).jpg

All History1 - Peter Ward Fay - Opium War, 1840-1842, Barbarians in...tury and the War by Which They Forced Her Gates 1998.jpg

Until the 1830s, China was scarcely known to the outside world. When Europeans began to arrive in number in that decade, demanding of the Ching dynasty's rulers access to raw materials and to China's huge domestic markets alike, the Chinese resisted, but, in the end, unsuccessfully. England in particular sought a market for the opium, a crown monopoly produced in India, and it waged a brief war to press its claim--a war that won it that market, the ownership of Hong Kong, and entry into cities like Shanghai and Guangdong. The war also contributed to the eventual collapse of Ching rule. Really a footnote in history, the Opium War, then, had major consequences that color Sino-Western relations even today. Peter Ward Fay tells the story in this well-written, vigorous narrative.

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5,0 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Peter Ward Fay - Opium War, 1840-1842, Barbarians in the Celestial Empire in the Early Part of the N ineteenth Century and the War by Which They Forced Her Gates (1998).pdf

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13 gru 18 15:43

Robert Cowan - The Indo-German Identification, Rec onciling South Asian Origins and European Destinie s, 1765-1885 (2010).jpg

All History1 - Robert Cowan - The Indo-German Identification, Recon...Asian Origins and European Destinies, 1765-1885 2010.jpg

In the early nineteenth century, German intellectuals such as Novalis, Schelling, and Friedrich Schlegel, convinced that Germany's cultural origins lay in ancient India, attempted to reconcile these origins with their imagined destiny as saviors of a degenerate Europe, then shifted from 'Indomania' to Indophobia when the attempt foundered. The philosophers Hegel, Schopenhauer, and, later, Nietzsche provided alternate views of the role of India in world history that would be disastrously misappropriated in the twentieth century. Reconstructing Hellenistic and humanist views of the ancient Brahmins and Goths, French-Enlightenment debates over the postdiluvian origins of the arts and sciences, and the Indophilia and protonationalism of Herder, Robert Cowan focuses on turning points in the development of an 'Indo-German' ideal, an ideal less focused on intellectual imperialism than many studies
of the 'Aryan Myth' and Orientalism would have us believe. Cowan argues that the study of this ideal continues to offer lessons about cultural difference in the 'post-national' twenty-first century. Of great interest to historians, philosophers, and literary scholars, this cross-cultural study offers a new understanding of the Indo-German story by showing that attempts to establish identity necessarily involve a reconciliation of origins and destinies, of self and other, of individual and collective.

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0,9 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Robert Cowan - The Indo-German Identification, Rec onciling South Asian Origins and European Destinie s, 1765-1885 (2010).pdf

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75 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Robert Stallaerts - Historical Dictionary of Croat ia (2010).jpg

The third edition of the Historical Dictionary of Croatia relates the history of this country through a detailed chronology, an introduction, a bibliography, and cross-referenced dictionary entries on significant persons, places, and events; institutions and organizations; and political, economic, social, cultural, and religious facets.

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1,5 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Robert Stallaerts - Historical Dictionary of Croat ia (2010).pdf

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13 gru 18 15:43

Tatiana Proskouriakoff - Album of Maya Architectur e (1977).jpg

This book, through the author's own detailed illustrations, presents 36 sites as they appeared more than a thousand years ago. Facing the illustration of each structure is a documented text of archaelogical finds and a line drawing of existing remains. Among the sites depicted are the shrine in the Temple of the Cross at Palenque; the Acropolis and a Maya sweat bath in Piedras Negras, Guatemala; the hieroglyphic stairway, ball court, and reviewing stand in Copán, Honduras; The Palace at Sayil, Yucatán; The Palace of the Governors, in Uxmal; and The Red House and platforms on the north terrace at Chichén Itzá. Archaeological references and a map of the Maya area, showing the location of illustrated sites, complete this imaginative and well-executed study of ancient Mayan architecture.

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10,5 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Tatiana Proskouriakoff - Album of Maya Architectur e (1977).chm

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121 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Daniel Goffman - The Ottoman Empire and Early Mode rn Europe (2002).jpg

Despite the fact that its capital city and over one third of its territory was within the continent of Europe, the Ottoman Empire has consistently been regarded as a place apart, inextricably divided from the West by differences of culture and religion. A perception of its militarism, its barbarism, its tyranny, the sexual appetites of its rulers and its pervasive exoticism has led historians to measure the Ottoman world against a western standard and find it lacking.

In recent decades, a dynamic and convincing scholarship has emerged that seeks to comprehend and, in the process, to de-exoticize this enduring realm. Dan Goffman provides a thorough introduction to the history and institutions of the Ottoman Empire from this new standpoint, and presents a claim for its inclusion in Europe. His lucid and engaging book--an important addition to New Approaches in European History--will be essential reading for undergraduates.

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6,4 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Daniel Goffman - The Ottoman Empire and Early Mode rn Europe (2002).pdf

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13 gru 18 15:43

J. G. A. Pocock - Barbarism and Religion, Volume 3 , The First Decline and Fall (2003).jpg

This major intervention from one of the world's leading historians, challenges the notion of any one 'Enlightenment' and posits instead a plurality of enlightenments, of which the English was one. The first two volumes of Barbarism and Religion were warmly and widely reviewed, and won the Jacques Barzun Prize in Cultural History of the American Philosophical Society. In the third volume in the sequence, John Pocock presents a historical introduction to the first fourteen chapters of Gibbon's great work, recounting the end of the classical civilization Gibbon and his readers knew so much better than the worlds that followed.

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14,4 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

J. G. A. Pocock - Barbarism and Religion, Volume 3 , The First Decline and Fall (2003) [PDF].rar

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13 gru 18 15:43

J. G. A. Pocock - Barbarism and Religion, Vol. 4, Barbarians, Savages and Empires (2005).jpg

This fourth volume in John Pocock's great sequence on Barbarism and Religion focuses on the idea of barbarism. Barbarism was central to the history of western historiography, to the history of the enlightenment, and to Edward Gibbon himself. As a concept it was deeply problematic to enlightened historians seeking to understand their own civil societies in the light of exposure to newly-discovered civilizations hitherto beyond the reach of history. The troubled relationship between philosophy and history is addressed directly in this fourth volume.

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13 gru 18 15:43

Larry Clinton Thompson - William Scott Ament and t he Boxer Rebellion, Heroism, Hubris and the ''Idea l Missionary'' (2009).jpg

All History1 - Larry Clinton Thompson - William Scott Ament and the...llion, Heroism, Hubris and the Ideal Missionary 2009.jpg

In 1900 in China a peasant movement known as the Boxers rose up and tried to destroy its Western oppressors. The culminating event of the Boxer Rebellion was the siege of the Western legations in Peking. In isolated Peking, a horde of brightly dressed, acrobatic, anti-Western and anti-Christian Boxers surrounded the fortified diplomatic legation compound, and rumors about the torture and murder of 900 Western diplomats, soldiers, and missionaries swirled throughout the foreign media. Scholars agree that animosity toward Christian missionaries was a major cause of the Boxer Rebellion, but most accounts neglect the missionaries and emphasize instead the diplomats and soldiers who weathered the siege and defeated the Chinese in battle. This book gives equivalent attention to the missionaries, their work, the impact they had on China, and the controversies arising in the aftermath of the Boxer Rebellion. It focuses particularly on one of the most distinguished American missionaries, William Scott Ament, whose brave and resourceful heroism was tarnished by hubris and looting.

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