Eastern Europe has become an ideological battleground since the collapse of the Soviet Union, with liberals and authoritarians struggling to seize the ground lost by Marxism. In Fantasies of Salvation, Vladimir Tismaneanu traces the intellectual history of this struggle and warns that authoritarian nationalists pose a serious threat to democratic forces.A leading observer of the often baffling world of post-Communist Europe, Tismaneanu shows that extreme nationalistic and authoritarian thought has been influential in Eastern Europe for much of this century, while liberalism has only shallow historical roots. Despite democratic successes in places such as the Czech Republic and Poland, he argues, it would be a mistake for the West to assume that liberalism will always triumph. He backs this argument by showing how nationalist intellectuals have encouraged ethnic hatred in such countries as Russia, Romania, and the former Yugoslavia by reviving patriotic myths of heroes, scapegoats, and historical injustices. And he shows how enthusiastically these myths have been welcomed by people desperate for some form of "salvation" from political and economic uncertainty.

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Bill Dunn - Global Political Economy; A Marxist Cr itique (2008).jpg

This is an ambitious survey of the history and state of the world economy, covering the major upheavals of the capitalist system over the last 100 years.Bill Dunn provides an original and enlightening explanation of the state of the world economy. He covers all the main aspects of global political economy explaining the theories behind production, trade, finance and relations between rich and poor countries. He also tackles the question of the origin of capitalism, a debate that always proves popular among students and academics. Dunn also includes a critique of alternative perspectives, showing that Marxism still provides the best analytical tools for understanding the global economy.This comprehensive text is a must for students of politics and economics who are keen to understand how the economy reached its current stage and what the future is likely to bring.

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Bill Dunn - Global Political Economy; A Marxist Cr itique (2008).pdf

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Jean-Jacques Lecercle - A Marxist Philosophy of La nguage (2006).jpg

The purpose of this book is to give a precise meaning to the formula. English is the language of imperialism. Understanding that statement involves a critique of the dominant views of language, both in the field of linguistics (the book has a chapter criticising Chomsky's research programme) and of the philosophy of language (the book has a chapter assessing Habermas's philosophy of communicative action). The book aims at constructing a Marxist philosophy of language, embodying a view of language as a social, historical, material and political phenomenon. Since there has never been a strong tradition of thinking about language in Marxism, the book provides an overview of the question of Marxism in language (from Stalin's pamphlet to Volosinov book, taking in an essay by Pasolini), and it seeks to construct a number of concepts for a Marxist philosophy of language. The book belongs to the tradition of Marxist critique of dominant ideologies. It should be particularly useful to those who, in the fields of language study, literature and communication studies, have decided that language is not merely an instrument of communication.

About the Author
J.J. Lecercle was educated at the Ecole Normale Superieure in Paris. From 1999 to 2002 he was research professor in the English department at the university of Cardiff, and he is currently professor of English at the university of Nanterre. He is the author of Interpretation as Pragmatics (Macmillan 1999), Deleuze and Language (Palgrave 2002) and The Force of Language (with Denise Riley, Macmillan 2004).

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Jean-Jacques Lecercle - A Marxist Philosophy of La nguage (2006).pdf

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Tcheslaw Tchekhovich - Gurdjieff, A Master in Life (1990).jpg

In January 1920, Tcheslaw Tchekhovitch, 20 years of age, was part of the Polish contingent of the Tsar's army in retreat to Constantinople. While haunted by memories of the atrocities of the Bolshevik revolution, he had a strange intuition that there exists another life, a life full of meaning. Seeing a poster announcing lectures by P.D. Ouspensky titled "The ancient wisdom of the East revealed through a new current in Western thought", he decided to attend. This contact led to Tchekhovitch's providential meeting with G.I. Gurdjieff, the man who would become his teacher and spiritual master.

Gurdjieff: A Master in Life chronicles 28 years of intense interaction between master and pupil, and sheds fresh light on the methods Gurdjieff used to open his pupils to an inner reality

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Tcheslaw Tchekhovich - Gurdjieff, A Master in Life (1990).pdf

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Louis de Saussure, Peter Schulz - Manipulation And Ideologies in the Twentieth Century; Discourse, L anguage, Mind (2005).jpg

Communism - Books - Louis de Saussure, Peter Schulz - Manipulation And...e Twentieth Century Discourse, Language, Mind 2005.jpg

One of the interesting developments in discourse analysis is its increasing interest in the explicit description and account of politically relevant text and talk and their relationships to various forms of social cognition. The collection of studies edited by Louis de Saussure and Peter Schulz is among those books that focus on this interface between political discourse and political cognition. It does so specifically by examining one of the most conspicuous forms of discursive power abuse – manipulation – as well as its relationship with ideologies, especially the totalitarian right-wing ideologies of the 20th century.

DANIEL WEISS follows the Moscow Semantic School in his comparison of
Fascism and Stalinism in ''Stalinist vs. fascist propaganda: How much do
they have in common?'' (251-274). In particular he investigates two aspects,
''the linguistic manifestation of the mechanisms of terror and of the cult
of personality'' (252). He finds that in contrast to Stalinist propaganda,
Nazi propaganda is an arbitrary discourse, e.g., at times valuing the old,
at other times despising it. On the other hand, ''Nazi terror appeared more
rational...since its victims were predictable. Stalinist terror, on the
contrary, seemed irrational in that it could target just about anyone''
(265). Weiss concludes that ''the essence of totalitarian speech does not
lie in its manipulative force; its main goal is rather to overwhelm the
audience by a permanent flow of emotionally loaded and often violent, but
highly repetitious speech'' (269).

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Louis de Saussure, Peter Schulz - Manipulation And Ideologies in the Twentieth Century; Discourse, L anguage, Mind (2005).pdf

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Paul Heywood - Marxism and the Failure of Organise d Socialism in Spain, 1879-1936 (2003).jpg

This is the first full-length study in English of the role of Marxist theory in the Spanish Socialist movement prior to the outbreak of Civil War in 1936. In particular, the author stresses the intellectual poverty of this aspect of leftwing politics in Spain. In concentrating on the Partido Socialista Obrero Espafiol (PSOE), the major organised party of the left prior to the Civil War, the study seeks to achieve two main aims: first, to attempt to isolate the political, social and intellectual factors which led to a particularly distorted version of Marxism which became established in Spain at the end of the nineteenth century; and second, to demonstrate how this particular conception of Marxism had a crucial negative impact on the political formulations and fortunes of the PSOE between 1879 and 1936. The central argument of the book is that the significance of Spanish Marxism lay precisely in its poverty, since it was this 'decaffeinated' version of the theory which set the parameters within which the PSOE formulated its strategy for socialism.

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John Archibald Getty - Origins of the Great Purges ; The Soviet Communist Party Reconsidered, 1933-19 38 (1987).jpg

Communism - Books - John Archibald Getty - Origins of the Great Purges...viet Communist Party Reconsidered, 1933-1938 1987.jpg

Based upon archival and published sources, this book describes the events in the Bolshevik Party leading up to the Great Purges of 1937-38. Professor Getty concludes that the party bureaucracy was chaotic rather than totalitarian, and that local officials had relative autonomy within a considerably fragmented political system. The Moscow leadership, of which Stalin was the most authoritarian actor, reacted to social and political processes as much as instigating them. Because of disputes, confusion, and inefficiency, they often pushed contradictory policies. Avoiding the usual concentration on Stalin's personality, the author puts forward the controversial hypothesis that the Great Purges occurred not as the end product of a careful Stalin plan, but rather as the bloody but ad hoc result of Moscow's incremental attempts to centralize power.

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John Archibald Getty - Origins of the Great Purges ; The Soviet Communist Party Reconsidered, 1933-19 38 (1987).pdf

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Dmitry Shlapentokh - Russian Elite Image of Iran; From the Late Soviet Era to the Present (2009).jpg

This monograph traces the Russian elite's views of Iran over the past 20 years. It deals with the actual implementation of policies only insofar as this helps elucidate the images of Iran and the ideological aspect of the Russian/Iranian relationship. The author identifies trends in these views, from a Eurasian approach focused on building a lasting alliance with Iran to a view that advocates using Iran as a bargaining chip in dealing with the West. A more guarded view of Iran has become dominant in the past years, the author argues, and is likely to continue in the near future despite vacillations in Russian foreign policy.

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Dmitry Shlapentokh - Russian Elite Image of Iran; From the Late Soviet Era to the Present (2009).pdf

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Daniele Ganser - NATO's Secret Army; Operation Gla dio and Terrorism in Western Europe (2005).jpg

The CIA and the British secret service MI6, in collaboration with the military alliance NATO and European military secret services set up a network of clandestine anticommunist armies in Western Europe after World War II. The secret soldiers were trained on remote islands in the Mediterranean and in unorthodox warfare centers in England and in the United States by the Green Berets and SAS Special Forces. The network was armed with explosives, machine guns and high-tech communication equipment hidden in underground bunkers and secret arms caches in forests and mountain meadows. In some countries, the secret army linked up with right-wing terrorists who in a secret war engaged in political manipulation, harassment of left wing parties, massacres, coup d'etats and torture.

Codenamed "Gladio" ('the sword'), the Italian secret army was exposed in 1990 by Italian Prime Minister Giulio Andreotti to the Italian Senate, whereupon the press spoke of the "the best kept, and most damaging, political-military secret since World War II" (Observer, 18. November 1990) and observed that "The story seems straight from the pages of a political thriller." (The Times, November 19, 1990). Ever since, so-called 'stay-behind' armies of NATO have also been discovered in France, Spain, Portugal, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxemburg, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Switzerland, Austria, Greece and Turkey. They were internationally coordinated by the Pentagon and NATO and had their last known meeting in the NATO-linked Allied Clandestine Committee (ACC) in Brussels in October 1990.

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Daniele Ganser - NATO's Secret Army; Operation Gla dio and Terrorism in Western Europe (2005).pdf

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Osprey PL - WBH 19 - Gordon L. Rottman - Bitwa pod Inczhon 1950 (2010).jpg

Książka przybliżająca najciekawszą operację desantową przeprowadzoną od czasu zakończenia II wojny światowej, jaką bez wątpienia było lądowanie sił ONZ pod Inczhon, które zakończyło się spektakularnym sukcesem. Dnia 25 czerwca 1950 r. wojska Korei Północnej działające w imię zjednoczenia państwa przekroczyły linię demarkacyjną biegnącą wzdłuż 38 równoleżnika. Całkowicie zaskoczona, mniejsza liczebnie i pozbawiona wojsk pancernych armia Korei Południowej nie była w stanie przeciwstawić się agresorowi. Prezydent Li Syngman zaapelował o pomoc do Organizacji Narodów Zjednoczonych. Rada Bezpieczeństwa ONZ przegłosowała wniosek o udzielenie Korei Południowej pomocy wojskowej.

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Patrick Morgan, Keith Nelson - Re-Viewing the Cold War; Domestic Factors and Foreign Policy in the E ast-West Confrontation (2000).jpg

Communism - Books - Patrick Morgan, Keith Nelson - Re-Viewing the Cold...oreign Policy in the East-West Confrontation 2000.jpg

A cooperative effort by a number of historians and political scientists, this essay collection focuses on the important connection between domestic affairs and foreign relations during the Cold War. The case studies treat phases of both the Soviet and American experiences and involve contributions by two Russian scholars, three Americans, a German, a Swede, and an Israeli.A cooperative effort by a number of historians and political scientists, this essay collection focuses on the important connection between domestic affairs and foreign relations during the Cold War. The case studies treat phases of both the Soviet and American experiences and involve contributions by two Russian scholars, three Americans, a German, a Swede, and an Israeli.

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Patrick Morgan, Keith Nelson - Re-Viewing the Cold War; Domestic Factors and Foreign Policy in the E ast-West Confrontation (2000).pdf

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Ajay Kumar Singh - Naxalism in Bihar (2007).jpg

In Bihar, nothing escapes the clutches of cast, not even the so-called class based struggle. It is believed that the Naxal movement started in Bihar as early as in 1967, in a sleepy village of Ekwari in Bhojpur district by Jagadish Mahato who, with the help from the firebrands Naxal leaders, led a war against landlords. He was supported by the lower caste land tillers.

But the Naxal movement in Bihar actually came to national attention in the 1980s with the advent of a group called the Maoist Communist Centre (MCC). It was notorious for its acts of violence, especially in Central Bihar. From the late ‘80s to the early ‘90s, the MCC hit Bihar with major acts of violence in places like Gaya, Aurangabad and Chapra in which Bhumihars, Rajputs, policemen and politicians were brutally killed. In Bihar, the Naxal movement did not remain a struggle for the poor but degenerated into a caste conflict as cadre were created on the basis of hatred against the rich and influential castes.

The Maoist Communist Centre had become so powerful in certain areas that they ran a parallel government, even handing out orders of beheading the ‘guilty’. On March 21, 2004 the Naxal movement in Bihar got a tremendous boost with the two heavyweights, the MCC and the People’s War Group (PWG), going in for a merger. They are now called the CPI (Maoists).

The MCC & the PWG were cleansing the society of landlords and the rich property owners. It became difficult for them to survive. To counter the forces of Naxals, the rich landlords formed various private armies, one of them being the dreaded Ranvir Sena. The Sena perpetrated atrocities in Naxal-infested areas and targeted the poor land farmers and other lower castes. The political parties joined hands with these gangs, leading to the emergence of ‘bahubalis’ and importance of muscle & money power in Bihar’s politics.

The Naxals tried to enter mainstream in 2000 when panchayati polls were held after 23 years. They managed to get elected on at least 6 seats, but were later overthrown, indicating the frustration of the people.

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Ajay Kumar Singh - Naxalism in Bihar (2007).pdf

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László Békési - Stalinova Válka; Sovětské Uniformy a Militárie 1941-45 (2007).jpg

Communism - Books - Lszló Bksi - Stalinova Vlka Sovtsk Uniformy a Militrie 1941-45 2007.jpg

Stalin's war: Soviet uniforms and militaria 1941-45.

Tato kniha vysvětluje sovětskou vojenskou symboliku od raných dnů sovětského státu, ale klíčové období jejího zájmu je mezi lety 1943 a 1945, kdy Stalin vědomě oživil mnohé tradice z carské historie, aby proti nacistickým vetřelcům rozdmýchal plamen ruského vlastenectví. (sovětské uniformy a militárie 1941-45).

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László Békési - Stalinova Válka; Sovětské Uniformy a Militárie 1941-45 (2007).pdf

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László Békési, György Török - Sovětské Uniformy a Militárie 1917-1991 (2008).jpg

Communism - Books - Lszló Bksi, Gyrgy Trk - Sovtsk Uniformy a Militrie 1917-1991 2008.jpg

Soviet uniforms & militaria 1917-1991 in colour photographs.

První ucelený přehled sovětských uniforem a militarií od VŘSR až do rozpadu sovětského impéria. Po něm se zahraničním historikům otevřely ruské archívy a západní badatelé se tak měli možnost dostat i k ukázkám jim dříve nedostupných vojenských uniforem a militarií. Publikace čtenářům představí na 80 originálních uniforem jak z období před 2. světovou válkou, tak i z Velké vlastenecké války a následně i z let 1945 až 1991. Snímky jsou navíc doplněny detaily pokrývek hlavy, odznaků, vyznamenání, zbraní a dobovými pohlednicemi. Cennou devízou této knihy je 100 vybraných a dosud nezveřejněných snímků ze soukromých ruských sbírek (Ministerstvo obrany SSSR, Rudá armáda, námořnictvo, námořní pěchota, letectvo & výsadkové jednotky)

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László Békési, György Török - Sovětské Uniformy a Militárie 1917-1991 (2008).pdf

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Gerald M. Easter - Reconstructing the State; Perso nal Networks and Elite Identity in Soviet Russia ( 2000).jpg

Communism - Books - Gerald M. Easter - Reconstructing the State Person...Networks and Elite Identity in Soviet Russia 2000.jpg

Why do some state building efforts succeed when others fail? Using newly available archival sources, this book presents a new explanation for the rise and subsequent collapse of the Soviet state. The study explains how personal networks and elite identity served as informal sources of power that influenced state strength. Reconstructing the State also offers new interpretations of how the weak Bolshevik state extended its reach to a vast rural and multi-ethnic periphery as well as the dynamics of the center-regional conflict in the 1930s that culminated in the Great Terror

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Gerald M. Easter - Reconstructing the State; Perso nal Networks and Elite Identity in Soviet Russia ( 2000).pdf

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Andrew G. Walder - Fractured Rebellion; The Beijin g Red Guard Movement (2009).jpg

Fractured Rebellion is the first full-length account of the evolution of China’s Red Guard Movement in Beijing, the nation’s capital, from its beginnings in 1966 to its forcible suppression in 1968. Andrew Walder combines historical narrative with sociological analysis as he explores the radical student movement’s crippling factionalism, devastating social impact, and ultimate failure.
Most accounts of the movement have portrayed a struggle among Red Guards as a social conflict that pitted privileged “conservative” students against socially marginalized “radicals” who sought to change an oppressive social and political system. Walder employs newly available documentary evidence and the recent memoirs of former Red Guard leaders and members to demonstrate that on both sides of the bitter conflict were students from comparable socioeconomic backgrounds, who shared similar—largely defensive—motivations. The intensity of the conflict and the depth of the divisions were an expression of authoritarian political structures that continued to exert an irresistible pull on student motives and actions, even in the midst of their rebellion.
Walder’s nuanced account challenges the main themes of an entire generation of scholarship about the social conflicts of China’s Cultural Revolution, shedding light on the most tragic and poorly understood period of recent Chinese history.

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Andrew G. Walder - Fractured Rebellion; The Beijin g Red Guard Movement (2009).pdf

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John E. Moore - The Soviet Navy Today (1976).jpg

The object of this book is to provide a from of reference on a navy which has grown from an ill-assorted bunch of ships with very little operational value to be one of the two most powerful navies in the world in under thirty years.

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