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  • 11 cze 13 9:46
Past antidrug campaigns actually encouraged drug use. A few years ago, America stopped dropping acid altogether. The meth epidemic peaked a long, long time ago. NAFTA opened the border and created a bonanza for cocaine and meth traffickers just as President Clinton knew it would. President Reagan may have inadvertently caused the crack epidemic. Kids today are doing fewer illegal drugs than kids from any time in the recent past, and for a surprising reason. The fastest-growing drug in America is a legal hallucinogen you can buy on the Internet.

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The Apache culture of 1850 was a blend of influences from the peoples of the Great Plains, Great Basin and the South-West, particularly the Pueblos, and – as time progressed – from the Spanish and American settlers. This fascinating work by Jason Hook examines the Apaches, their social structure, religion and warcraft, and outlines the Apache wars and conflicts with the American, including the dramatic story of Crook and Geronimo. This absorbing volume is illustrated with a wealth contemporary photographs, museum examples and eight stunning full page colour plates by Richard Hook, making it the perfect book for anyone interested in this fascinating culture. Men-at-Arms 163 and 186 and Warrior 4 are also available in a single volume special edition as ‘To Live and Die in the West’.

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Written by a combat veteran who also served on the faculty of the Naval War College, Waging War to Make Peace: U.S. Intervention in Global Conflicts is a thought-provoking analysis of the decision to make war in the modern world. The subject is examined through the lens of the decision-making of four NATO nations—Britain, France, Germany, and the United States—in the 1999 Kosovo campaign compared to their decisions in 2003 regarding the Iraq war.What emerges is a picture of how the bitter dispute over Iraq was the result of disagreements about who has the authority to wage war, when it is justified, and whether nations have an obligation to intervene in the case of human rights and humanitarian emergencies. The book shows how those who enthusiastically hailed a new era of warfare based upon human rights and humanitarian values misjudged the significance of the Kosovo decision, and it underscores issues with which leaders must come to grips if NATO allies are to avoid broader disputes in the years ahead.

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Nowa wersja sowieckiej: Walki o Pokój

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In 1838, the U.S. Government began to forcibly relocate thousands of Cherokees from their homelands in Georgia to the Western territories. The event the Cherokees called "The Trail Where They Cried" meant their own loss of life, sovereignty, and property. Moreover, it allowed visions of Manifest Destiny to contradict the government's previous "civilization campaign" policy toward American Indians. The tortuous journey West was one of the final blows causing a division within the Cherokee nation itself, over civilization and identity, tradition and progress, east and west. The Trail of Tears also introduced an era of Indian removal that reshaped the face of Native America geographically, politically, economically, and socially. Engaging thematic chapters explore the events surrounding the Trail of Tears and the era of Indian removal, including the invention of the Cherokee alphabet, the conflict between the preservation of Cherokee culture and the call to assimilate, Andrew Jackson's "imperial presidency," and the negotiation of legislation and land treaties. Biographies of key figures, an annotated bibliography, and an extensive selection of primary documents round out the work.

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Stanisław Supłatowicz, Sat-Okh (w języku shawnee Długie Pióro, ur. prawdopodobnie 15 kwietnia 1920 w Kanadzie, zm. 3 lipca 2003 w Gdańsku) − żołnierz AK, pisarz, gawędziarz, artysta.

Urodził się w osadzie Indian w dorzeczu rzeki Mackenzie w Kanadzie. Był synem polskiej uciekinierki z Syberii Stanisławy Supłatowicz, oraz wojennego wodza plemienia Szaunisów (Szawanezów) Leoo-Karko-Ono-Ma (Wysokiego Orła). Wychowywał się wśród Indian do 1936 roku. W 1937 roku przybył wraz z matką do Polski, gdzie zmuszony został do zmiany nazwiska na Stanisław Supłatowicz, matka w tworzonej wówczas metryce zmieniła część jego danych, w tym rok urodzenia i dane ojca, ukrywając jego indiańskie pochodzenie. Zamieszkał w Radomiu.

W czasie kampanii wrześniowej podjął naukę na tajnych kompletach, a po klęsce polskiej armii zaangażował się w działalność w SZP i ZWZ. W 1940 roku został aresztowany przez gestapo i skierowany do obozu koncentracyjnego w Auschwitz. W czasie transportu do obozu wyskoczył z wagonu bydlęcego i uciekł. W czasie ucieczki został ranny, ukrywał się następnie na wsi. Następnie został żołnierzem Armii Krajowej (pseud. Kozak), walczył w III batalionie 72 pułku piechoty AK w rejonie Częstochowy, w Okręgu AK "Jodła". Wielokrotnie ranny, za męstwo w walce odznaczony Krzyżem Walecznych.

Po wojnie za przynależność do AK został aresztowany i uwięziony. Po uwolnieniu przez wiele lat pływał jako marynarz na statkach Polskich Linii Oceanicznych, w tym na MS Batory. Osiadł na stałe w Gdańsku, założył rodzinę.

W 1958 roku zaczął pisać książki odnoszące się do swojej indiańskiej przeszłości, tłumaczone na wiele języków świata. W latach 70. uczestnik licznych spotkań autorskich i telewizyjnych programów dla młodzieży ("Teleranek", "Ekran z bratkiem"). Uważany za jednego z pionierów ruchu indianistów w Polsce, współtwórcę i czołową postać nieformalnego Polskiego Ruchu Przyjaciół Indian (PRPI). Zajmował się także wyrobem indiańskiego rękodzieła, malował, pisał też wspólnie z Yackta-Oya.

Zmarł 3 lipca 2003 roku w Szpitalu Marynarki Wojennej w Gdańsku, a 8 lipca został pochowany na cmentarzu "Srebrzysko".

Prywatne Muzeum Indian Ameryki Północnej im. Sat-Okha znajduje się w Wymysłowie niedaleko Tucholi k. Chojnic.

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Metaphors, moral panics, folk devils, Jack Valenti, Joseph Schumpeter, John Maynard Keynes, predictable irrationality, and free market fundamentalism are a few of the topics covered in this lively, unflinching examination of the Copyright Wars: the pitched battles over new technology, business models, and most of all, consumers.
In Moral Panics and the Copyright Wars, William Patry lays bare how we got to where we are: a bloated, punitive legal regime that has strayed far from its modest, but important roots. Patry demonstrates how copyright is a utilitarian government program--not a property or moral right. As a government program, copyright must be regulated and held accountable to ensure it is serving its public purpose. Just as Wall Street must serve Main Street, neither can copyright be left to a Reaganite "magic of the market."
The way we have come to talk about copyright--metaphoric language demonizing everyone involved--has led to bad business and bad policy decisions. Unless we recognize that the debates over copyright are debates over business models, we will never be able to make the correct business and policy decisions.
A centrist and believer in appropriately balanced copyright laws, Patry concludes that calls for strong copyright laws, just like calls for weak copyright laws, miss the point entirely: the only laws we need are effective laws, laws that further the purpose of encouraging the creation of new works and learning. Our current regime, unfortunately, creates too many bad incentives, leading to bad conduct. Just as President Obama has called for re-tooling and re-imagining the auto industry, Patry calls for a remaking of our copyright laws so that they may once again be respected.

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Kim - i czym - byli samuraje? Obecnie słowo to jest mocno nadużywane, nie wszyscy bowiem wojownicy dawnej Japonii byli samurajami, a także nie wszyscy samuraje byli wojownikami. Tworzyli oni najwyższą klasę w społeczeństwie określanym przez czteroznakowe złożenie shi-nó-kó-shó, co oznaczało hierarchię: wojownicy, chłopi, rzemieślnicy i kupcy.

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Steven J. Zaloga is world renowned for his military expertise and knowledge, and he is an equally accomplished military modeler. As he says in his preface to the book, he has spent literally thousands of hours scouring U.S. photo archives for his numerous book titles. In doing so he has uncovered a great many photos that have long awaited discovery and never seen the light of publication yet. A number of these images are now brought together in this new title, featuring German armored vehicles as photographed by U.S. military photographers in the ETO of WWII. This is an inspirational collection of photos of captured and destroyed German AFVs.

There is a satisfying mix of vehicles incorporated within these pages. There is a bit of almost everything here, ranging from self-propelled howitzers, Hetzers, Panzer IVs, Panthers, Jagdpanthers, Tigers, Jagdtigers, half-tracks, armored cars, and many lesser known vehicles such as Minenraumerpanzer III, E-100, Jagdpanzer 38 Starr, Pz.Sf.IVb, Sd.Kfz. 234 KwK38. The vehicles are usually shown after their destruction in combat or after being abandoned, in all states of repair, or disrepair as the case may be. They are often shown with U.S. soldiers examining them or clambering over them in fascination.

With his wealth of experience, Steve Zaloga has a good eye for what will interest modelers and military enthusiasts. In this publication a wide selection of photos of captured German AFVs is conveniently portrayed here under one cover. Photos have captions noting their units where these can be ascertained, as well as a set of color plates reflecting accurate color schemes of the time. In an age where photos are being republished for the umpteenth time, it is refreshing to find a whole book of photos that offer something fresh and insightful.

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In Imperialism and Global Political Economy Alex Callinicos intervenes in one of the main political and intellectual debates of the day. The global policies of the United States in the past decade have encouraged the widespread belief that we live in a new era of imperialism. But is this belief true, and what does 'imperialism' mean?
Callinicos explores these questions in this wide-ranging book. In the first part, he critically assesses the classical theories of imperialism developed in the era of the First World War by Marxists such as Lenin, Luxemburg, and Bukharin and by the Liberal economist J.A. Hobson. He then outlines a theory of the relationship between capitalism as an economic system and the international state system, carving out a distinctive position compared to other contemporary theorists of empire and imperialism such as Antonio Negri, David Harvey, Giovanni Arrighi, and Ellen Wood.
In the second half of Imperialism and Global Political Economy Callinicos traces the history of capitalist imperialism from the Dutch East India Company to the specific patterns of economic and geopolitical competition in the contemporary era of American decline and Chinese expansion. Imperialism, he concludes, is far from dead.

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These are the rare and famous prints from Chelminski and Malibran’s famous book published at the end of the 19th Century. Our publication includes all 48 prints plus our exclusive translated copy of the Uniform Regulations for the Army of the Grand Duchy of Warsaw placed into effect in 1810. Also included are notes on each of the prints.

About the Artist: Jan (John) quite a popular historical and period painter, born 1851 died 1925, also an avid collector, was also famous for his Napoleonic arms collection, he studied first under Julius Kossak who was a great historical and equine painter (his paintings fetch great prices in
Poland), then in Munich with J. Brandt (another great orientalist, extremely popular in Germany and Austria during the turn of century - some of his paintings are in the US, in Philadelphia) Chelminski worked and was popular in Paris, Munich, London and New York where he worked for Teddy Roosevelt. He also worked for the King of Bavaria and Emperor of Russia, and became quite wealthy.
Chelminski painted hunting scenes, sporting events and genere paintings, and after1890 dedicated himself to the historical painting - especially the Napoleonic Period, all very detailed and thoroughly researched works.
In 1904 in Paris he published a book L’Arme Polonaise du Duche de Varsovie with the description and text by Waclaw Gasiorowski a famous Napoleonic Period Polish writer of the era. These plates come from that book.

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Any buff of WWII armored vehicles will be well aware of the Ą§FunniesĄ¨ designed by the British, particularly those employed by the 79th Armoured Division from D-Day onwards. Yet the USA was a prodigious designer and user of specialized armored vehicles as well. This was especially true in the areas of tank recovery vehicles and armored engineer vehicles.

Steve Zaloga, a prolific writer with an unsurpassed knowledge of American military vehicles, has put together a collection of photos of these U.S. Ą§FunniesĄ¨. The focus is on the European Theater of Operations (ETO), which includes Italy and Northwest Europe. The USA tended to sprinkle its specialist tanks throughout regular tank battalions, rather than create specialized divisions. The fascinating array of black and white photos offer a detailed look at a whole host of vehicle types, and insightful captions explain the subject matter. The book also includes sixteen high quality computer generated color plates that have also been produced by the author.

This volume begins with the following vehicles: M31 and M32 tank recovery vehicles; M33 and M35 prime movers; Shermans fitted with dozer blades; DD amphibious tanks, as well as Shermans fitted with wading stacks. The book continues on with bridgelayers and treadway layers in action, then mine clearing tanks. As the book progresses towards the end, there are detailed sections on flamethrower and rocket launcher tanks. Last but not least are the top secret Ą§LeafletĄ¨ and Ą§sonicĄ¨ tanks. Each type of vehicle receives a detailed yet concise summary of its history, development and use in the introductory text.

This is an engrossing book, and it covers a category of vehicles that have not been well represented in print before. When combined with the penmanship of one of the leading military history and modeling exponents in the world, this is a Ą§FunniesĄŚ book that any enthusiast would be funny to miss!

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In Fortunes of Change, David Callahan contends that something big is happening among the rich in America: they’re drifting to the left. When Callahan set out to write a book on the new upper class, he expected to profile a greedy and reactionary elite—the robber barons of a second Gilded Age. Instead, he discovered something else. While many of the rich still back a GOP that stands against taxes and regulation, liberalism is spreading fast among the wealthy.

In Fortunes of Change, we meet an upper class increasingly filled with super-educated professionals and entrepreneurs who work in “knowledge” industries and live in the bluest parts of America. This cosmopolitan elite takes for granted such key liberal ideas as multiculturalism and active government, and have ever less in common with an extremist GOP based in small-town America and dominated by Tea Party activists and the likes of Sarah Palin. Fortunes of Change explores:

* Why some of America’s wealthiest people backed Barack Obama’s presidential bid and are pouring record sums into the Democratic Party and liberal organizations, even though they stand to see their taxes go up.
* How a few big donors have spent millions to create the modern gay rights movement and how environmental activists have tapped a river of new liberal cash.
* Why Hollywood, rolling in new profits thanks to globalization, has more money than ever to back Democratic candidates and push politics to the left.
* Why Silicon Valley is turning more liberal and how tech money—including Bill Gates’s vast fortune—is funding a growing array of liberal groups and politicians.
* How the upper class is likely to get more liberal as young heirs are inculcated with liberal ideas in America’s most elite prep schools and universities.
* David Callahan is a co-founder of the think tank Demos, where he is now a senior fellow. He is author of the Cheating Culture, among other books, and his articles have appeared in such places as USA Today, the New York Times, the Nation, and the Washington Monthly.

Packed with surprising facts and behind-the-scene stories, Fortunes of Change is a must-read book if want to understand how America's politics and culture are changing—and what the future may hold.

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This well-documented study of the Roman army provides a crucial aid to understanding the Roman Empire in economic, social and political terms. Employing numerous examples, Brian Campbell explores the development of the Roman army and the expansion of the Roman Empire from 31 BC-280 AD.
Dealing with issues such as the financial implications of supporting a professional army in war and peace, Brian Campbell explores the wider significance of the army and warfare in Roman life and culture. This superbly researched survey provides readers with an invaluable guide to this important and much neglected subject.

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It was the biggest leak in history. WikiLeaks infuriated the world's greatest superpower, embarrassed the British royal family and helped cause a revolution in Africa. The man behind it was Julian Assange, one of the strangest figures ever to become a worldwide celebrity. Was he an internet messiah or a cyber-terrorist? Information freedom fighter or sex criminal? The debate would echo around the globe as US politicians called for his assassination. Award-winning "Guardian" journalists David Leigh and Luke Harding have been at the centre of a unique publishing drama that involved the release of some 250,000 secret diplomatic cables and classified files from the Afghan and Iraq wars. At one point the platinum-haired hacker was hiding from the CIA in David Leigh's London house. Now, together with the paper's investigative reporting team, Leigh and Harding reveal the startling inside story of the man and the leak.

About the Author
WikiLeaks has been written by a team of top Guardian journalists, led by David Leigh, the paper's investigations editor whose work was behind the jailing of Jonathan Aitken and the exposure of secret payments by arms company BAE, and Luke Harding, the paper's Moscow correspondent.

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"Twórcy obsypanego Oscarami "Gladiatora" odbudowali w komputerze fragment
Koloseum. Autorzy "Miasta ruin" musieli odtworzyć całą Warszawę z 1945 r.
Efekt jest niesamowity. Publiczność zobaczy to 1 sierpnia.

Film trwa 5 minut i 6 sekund - dokładnie tyle, ile potrzebuje samolot z II
wojny światowej, by zrobić pętlę nad historycznym centrum Warszawy. Jest
wiosna 1945 r. Maszyna nadlatuje znad Gocławia. W dole widać Wisłę i
zbiornik Stacji Pomp Rzecznych przy ul. Czerniakowskiej. Trójwymiarowy obraz
(oglądamy go w specjalnych okularach) zaskakuje realizmem. Samolot leci na
północ wzdłuż rzeki. Pod nami zburzone mosty: Poniatowskiego, Średnicowy i
Kierbedzia, i dopiero co przerzucone mosty pontonowe. Widok jest tak
wyraźny, że dostrzegamy wywrócone wagony kolejki dowożącej węgiel do
elektrowni na Powiślu. Przed Starym Miastem pilot obniża pułap i skręca w
lewo. Rozpoznajemy ogrody Zamku Królewskiego, Arkady Kubickiego i pozbawiony
dachu Pałac pod Blachą. W miejscu Zamku zionie pustka. Starówka zmieniła się
w rumowisko, a mury katedry św. Jana przypominają krater wulkanu.
Przelatując nad pl. Krasińskich z potrzaskanym pałacem, samolot dociera nad
teren getta. Zrównana z ziemią dawna dzielnica żydowska wygląda jak
pustynia. Przed ocalałym kościołem św. Augustyna pilot zawraca nad Wisłę.
Napisy końcowe: 1 września 1939 r. Warszawa miała 1,3 mln mieszkańców, 1
sierpnia 1944 r. - 900 tys., a po Powstaniu Warszawskim w ruinach przetrwało
mniej niż tysiąc.

Nakręcenie "Miasta ruin" to inicjatywa Muzeum Powstania Warszawskiego, które
przez kilka lat zastanawiało się, jak pokazać zniszczoną i wyludnioną
stolicę tuż po zakończeniu wojny.

- Słowami trudno to opowiedzieć, zaś archiwalne fotografie pokazują tylko
wycinek rzeczywistości - mówi wicedyrektor MPW Paweł Ukielski.

Animację komputerową miasta widzianego z lotu ptaka zlecono studiu Platige
Image, znanemu z realizacji nominowanej do Oscara "Katedry" Tomasza
Bagińskiego. Bazą do odtworzenia Warszawy sprzed 65 lat były dwa radzieckie
fotoplany z lat 1945 i 1947 oraz blisko tysiąc archiwalnych zdjęć. Nad
zgodnością animacji z prawdą historyczną czuwali konsultanci Ryszard
Mączewski i dr Krzysztof Jaszczyński z fundacji Warszawa1939.pl. Przez ponad
rok nad filmem pracowało około 30 osób.

- Musieliśmy odtworzyć rzeźbę terenu, siatkę ulic, a potem przez trzy
miesiące ręcznie ustawiać budynki. Dokładnie odwzorowaliśmy ponad sto
najbardziej charakterystycznych obiektów, a wszystkich jest 63 tys. Tak
"zbudowane" miasto sfilmowaliśmy wirtualną kamerą, co trwało dwa miesiące i
wykonywane było przez sto komputerów - tłumaczy Michał Gryn z Platige Image.

36. Specjalny Pułk Lotnictwa Transportowego pomógł, udostępniając
śmigłowiec. - Dopiero z góry zobaczyliśmy, jakie są relacje między
poszczególnymi obiektami. Okazało się np., że Zamek Ujazdowski widziany z
samolotu wcale nie dominuje nad okolicą - mówi Piotr Śliwowski z MPW,
kierownik projektu.

Kolory animacji zaczerpnięto z niemieckich fotografii z czasów okupacji i
zdjęć Warszawy zamieszczonych wówczas w magazynie "Life". Poruszającą muzykę
skomponował Adam Skorupa.

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There may be no one more qualified than Frank Brady to write the definitive biography of Bobby Fischer. Brady's Profile of a Prodigy (originally published in 1969) chronicled the chess icon's early years, a selection of 90 games, and (in later editions) his 1972 World Championship match with Boris Spassky. With Endgame, published two years after Fischer's death, Brady's on-and-off proximity to Fischer lends new depth to the latter's full and twisted life story. Though Fischer's pinnacle artistry on the chessboard may often be discussed in the same breath with his eventual paranoia and outspoken anti-Semitism, the particular turns and travels of his post-World Championship years (half his life) lend his story most of its vexing oddity: the niggling insistence on seemingly arbitrary conditions for his matches, the years on the lam after flagrantly disregarding U.S. economic sanctions, his incarceration in Japan, his eventual citizenship and quiet demise in Iceland. All told, Fischer's life was like none other, and told through the lens of Brady's personal familiarity and access to new source material, results in an utterly engaging read.

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The two young Professors Bagus and Howden document the sad story of the Icelandic government’s policy mistakes — the artificial creation of a boom, and the savage bust that was the inevitable outcome of this boom.

Lttle have we learned since the wisdom of Mises and Hayek showed us the way concerning business cycle theory. The former are intellectual heirs of the latter two giants of 20th century economics and they present the case of the small nation of Iceland, within the context of the global economy, analyzed via the lens of what has become know as the Austrian Theory of the Business Cycle, extremely well here.

This is a short book and I hope it will encourage others to write about other bigger nations: after all, we are all very much interdependent. I hope they will write via the insights of the great teachers of the Austrian School. For the majority of economists who assume that the marginal revolution has all been absorbed into mainstream economics and that the Austrian School has nothing to add on the matter, I would urge them to pause and reflect on the Austrian theory of the business cycle — the case-proven status of it as outlined in this book — with reference to Iceland and think about what they are doing when they advise governments to artificially “stimulate demand.”

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The ancient Egyptians are an enduring source of fascination - mummies and pyramids, curses and rituals have captured our imaginations for generations. We all have a mental picture of ancient Egypt, but is it the right one? How much do we really know about this once great civilization?
In this absorbing introduction, Ian Shaw, one of the foremost authorities on Ancient Egypt, describes how our current ideas about Egypt are based not only on the thrilling discoveries made by early Egyptologists but also on fascinating new kinds of evidence produced by modern scientific and linguistic analyses. He also explores the changing influences on our responses to these finds, by examining the impact of Egyptology on various aspects of popular culture such as literature, cinema, opera, and contemporary art. He considers all aspects of ancient Egyptian culture, from tombs and mummies to the discovery of artefacts and the decipherment of hieroglyphs, and from despotic pharaohs to animal-headed gods.
From the general listener interested in Ancient Egypt, to students and teachers of ancient history and archaeology, to museum-goers, this Very Short Introduction will not disappoint.

About the Author
Ian Shaw studied Archaeology and Egyptology at Cambridge University from 1979 to 1983. He obtained his PhD (a study of the artefacts at el-Amarna) from Wolfson College, Cambridge University in 1987. From 1986 to 1990 he edited the ancient Egyptian section of the Macmillan Dictionary of Art. From 1990 to 1994, he undertook research into Egyptian quarrying and mining sites as a British Academy Research Fellow at New Hall, Cambridge. From 1995 to 2000 he was a Lecturer in
Egyptian Archaeology at the Institute of Archaeology, University College London. He is currently Lecturer in Classics and Oriental Studies at the University of Liverpool.

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