In the early decades of the 8th century AD, Islamic forces were flooding into Europe through the Iberian peninsula, threatening Frankish and Burgundian territory and raiding it with ever-increasing ferocity. At the battle of Poitiers, also known as Tours, Christian forces under the Frankish leader Charles Martel 'The Hammer' (grandfather of Charlemagne) confronted a massive invading Islamic army. The Franks were victorious, effectively halting the northward advance of Islam and preserving Christianity as the dominant faith in Europe. Expert medievalist David Nicolle draws on contemporary sources to reconstruct this turning-point battle, placing it in its historical context and reviewing its background and the subsequent historical consequences.

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Osprey - Elite 17 - Christopher Gravett - Knights at Tournament (1988).jpg

Like all warrior classes throughout history medieval knights engaged in military games, partly in preparation for war and partly for pure sport. From their often brutal origins in the 10th century to the gaudy pageantry and eventual decline of the 15th and 16th centuries, tournaments were the centre of the knightly life. The image of the armoured and surcoated knight on his caparisoned charger remains the epitome of the chivalric ideal. Christopher Gravett explores the history of the tournament from its chaotic beginnings to its more formal, 'civilised' incarnation, describing the various 'events' and equipment which came into use.

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Osprey - Essential Histories Special 04 - Gregory Fremont-Barnes - The Napoleonic Wars, The Rise and Fall of an Empire (2004).jpg

All History - Osprey - Essential Histories Special 04 - Gregory Fre... Napoleonic Wars, The Rise and Fall of an Empire 2004.jpg

The Napoleonic Wars saw fighting on an unprecedented scale in Europe and the Americas. It took the wealth of the British Empire, combined with the might of the continental armies, almost two decades to bring down one of the world’s greatest military leaders and the empire that he had created. Napoleon's ultimate defeat was to determine the history of Europe for almost 100 years. From the frozen wastelands of Russia, through the brutal fighting in the Peninsula to the blood-soaked battlefield of Waterloo, this book tells the story of the dramatic rise and fall of the Napoleonic Empire. This book contains material previously published as Essential Histories volumes 3, 9, 17 and 39.

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Osprey - Campaign 191 - Simon Millar - Viena 1683, Christian Europe Repels the Ottomans (2008).jpg

The capture of the Hapsburg city of Vienna was a major strategic aspiration for the Islamic Ottoman Empire, desperate for the control that the city exercised over the Danube and the overland trade routes between southern and northern Europe. In July 1683 Sultan Mehmet IV proclaimed a jihad and the Turkish grand vizier, Kara Mustafa Pasha, laid siege to the city with an army of 150,000 men.

In September a relieving force arrived under Polish command and joined up with the defenders to drive the Turks away. The main focus of this book is the final 15-hour battle for Vienna, which climaxed with a massive charge by three divisions of Polish winged hussars. This hard-won victory marked the beginning of the decline of the Islamic Ottoman Empire, which was never to threaten central Europe again.

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Martin J. Ball, Nicole Müller - The Celtic Languag es (2009).jpg

All History - Martin J. Ball, Nicole Mller - The Celtic Languages 2009.jpg

The Celtic Languages describes in depth all the Celtic languages from historical, structural and sociolinguistic perspectives with individual chapters on Irish, Scottish Gaelic, Manx, Welsh, Breton and Cornish.
This comprehensive volume is arranged in four parts. The first part offers a description of the typological aspects of the Celtic languages followed by a scene setting historical account of the emergence of these languages. Chapters devoted to Continental Celtic, Old and Middle Irish, and Old and Middle Welsh follow. Parts two and three are devoted to linguistic descriptions of the contemporary languages. Part two has chapters on Irish, Scots Gaelic and Manx, while Part three covers Welsh, Breton and Cornish. Part four is devoted to the sociolinguistic situation of the four contemporary Celtic languages and a final chapter describes the status of the two revived languages Cornish and Manx.

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Great Empires of the Past Series.jpg

11 books in this series are:

Empire of Alexander The Great
Empire of Ancient Egypt
Empire of Ancient Greece
Empire of Ancient Rome
Empire of the Incas
Empire of the Islamic World
Empire of the Mongols
Empires of Ancient Mesopotamia
Empires of Ancient Persia
Empires of Medieval West Africa
Empires of the Maya

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Great Empires of the Past Series [PDF x 11].rar

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Barbara A. Somervill - Empire of the Incas (2009).jpg

Though the Incas left no written records of their great civilization, the archaeological remains and accounts of Spanish conquistadors and priests paint a picture of a well-ordered, vast empire. In the mountains of Peru and Ecuador, traces of Inca culture remain today in the road system that winds through the Andes, where people practice a religion that mixes the Catholicism of the Spanish conquerors with the animism of the Inca. Living in small homes and storehouses that date back to Inca times, these people have been celebrating traditional festivals and market days for more than 800 years. Using accessible and lively prose, "Empire of the Inca, Revised Edition" explores the history and culture of this fascinating civilization, highlighting the ideas and items that originated in the empire and are still encountered in the modern world, such as potatoes and jerky, words from the Quechua language, and mobile military field hospitals.

About the Author
Barbara A. Somervill is a professional children's nonfiction writer with more than 150 published titles. She is the author of Electrical Circuits, Plant Reproduction, and several titles on recovering animal species, as well as a series on insects and another on mammals under the pseudonym Sophie Lockwood. Somervill is a member of the Society of Children's Book Writers and Illustrators and the North Carolina Writer's Network.

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Barbara A. Somervill - Empire of the Incas (2009).pdf

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Raymond Detrez - Historical Dictionary of Bulgaria (2006).jpg

Like the other members of the extinct Warsaw Pact, Bulgaria has been immersed in reconstructing its economy and building a democratic government. At the same time, it is reforging national unity despite large religious and ethnic minorities at home and Bulgarian minorities abroad. The "Historical Dictionary of Bulgaria" is the most comprehensive and up-to-date reference work on this Balkan nation. It offers scholars a handy source on the important personalities, political parties, administrative structures, and recent events that are shaping the new Bulgaria. The dictionary's concise entries also describe the important people, places, and events in its past, as well as its economy, society, and culture. A selective bibliography allows access to further sources of information. This easy-to-use reference work also includes a chronology of Bulgarian history, a transliteration scheme for Cyrillic script, and lists of Bulgarian rulers, cabinets, and political parties and organizations. It provides an essential starting point for anyone interested in conducting research on the history or economic and political development of this Eastern European nation, and it will prove to be an invaluable reference tool.

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Raymond Detrez - Historical Dictionary of Bulgaria (2006).pdf

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Colin McEvedy - The Penguin Atlas of Medieval Hist ory (1976).jpg

About the Author
Colin McEvedy is the author of the companion volumes The New Penguin Atlas of Medieval History and The Penguin Atlas of North American History.

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80,5 MB
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Colin McEvedy - The Penguin Atlas of Medieval Hist ory (1976).pdf

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0,9 MB
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Colin McEvedy, John Woodcock - The Penguin Atlas o f Ancient History (1979).jpg

Traces the migrations and evolution of the races as well as the development of civilizations from prehistoric times to the fourth century A.D.

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Colin McEvedy, John Woodcock - The Penguin Atlas o f Ancient History (1979).pdf

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Richard Cowen - History of Life (1991).jpg

The living world today contains all kinds of creatures that do unexpected things-- we have come to expect that there were complex and unusual ways of life in the past, and that evolution took some unexpected turns at times. Entertainingly written for students, History of Life 4th Edition takes you to the edge of current knowledge.
This text is aimed at students and anyone interested in the history of life on our planet. It explores the "whys" of events that occurred and, in this newest edition, it takes a closer look at the evolution of the physical earth and the strong interactions between organisms and environment. The book’s coverage includes geography, climate, atmosphere, ocean, and land (a changing stage) while following the interplay between organisms. Also new to this edition is a dedicated website which explores additional environmental factors and supplemental topics, and pres interactive exercises, a detailed glossary, key links and all art in downloadable form. The art is also available to instructors on CD-ROM in PowerPoint and Jpeg formats.

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Charles Phillips, Alan Axelrod - Encyclopedia of W ars (3 Volume) (2004).jpg

Places wars in their historical context. The first reference work of its kind, "Encyclopedia of Wars" describes not only the military aspect of wars - the causes of conflict, an enumeration of battles, and a summary of the outcome(s) - but also the social and political context in which the wars occurred. This pres readers and researchers with the important facts as well as the historical background for each war. From the Crusades to the Revolutionary War to the Persian Gulf War, this three-volume encyclopedia covers every major war, rebellion, and revolution from 3,500 BCE to the present. Its valuable content is in an accessible format. In three comprehensive volumes and approximately 2,000 A-to-Z entries, this definitive resource pres more thorough, complete coverage than any other encyclopedia. Each entry pres an at-a-glance look at the war in question and a narrative discussion of the war, examining its social context, major battles and events, and broader significance in cultural and historical terms. Suggestions for further reading follow each entry, and a general bibliography of major texts on war is included in the final volume. Numerous cross-references, 60 maps, and a chronology make this attractive and informative encyclopedia highly accessible.

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Charles Phillips, Alan Axelrod - Encyclopedia of W ars (3 Volume) (2004) [PDF].rar

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Chloe Paver - Refractions of the Third Reich in Ge rman and Austrian Fiction and Film (2007).jpg

$All History - Chloe Paver - Refractions of the Third Reich in German and Austrian Fiction and Film 2007.jpg$

Six decades after the defeat of National Socialism, commemoration and mourning are ongoing, open-ended projects in Germany and Austria, and continue to generate a steady stream of literature and film about the Nazi past that, while comparatively modest in volume, is often disproportionately influential in public debates. At the same time, new museums and memorials are being established all the time in what Andreas Huyssen has called a 'memory boom', while what is remembered and how it is remembered is subject to continuous change. Scholars have to keep pace with each new development in this culture of commemoration. Rather than add to the growing body of surveys of literature and film about the Third Reich, this study instead puts scholars' critical approaches under the microscope. Chloe Paver considers how far the object of the study is not just analysed but also constructed by the scholar's approach and identifies the criteria by which academics judge the values of works that deal with the Third Reich. This book brings aspects of film, fiction, and memorial culture together in a single study that pays as much attention to images (and in the case of film to sound) as it does to text. The study of film, historical exhibitions, and sites of memory also demands consideration of social contexts and practices. A case study of memory at two of Austria's sites of terror demonstrates the methods used in the study of memorials and museums and considers the ways in which memory attaches itself to place.

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Chloe Paver - Refractions of the Third Reich in Ge rman and Austrian Fiction and Film (2007).pdf

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Elizabeth Greenhalgh - Victory through Coalition, Britain and France during the First World War (200 5).jpg

Germany's invasion of France in August 1914 represented a threat to the great power status of both Britain and France. The countries had no history of cooperation, yet the entente they had created in 1904 proceeded by trial and error, via recriminations, to win a war of unprecedented scale and ferocity. Elizabeth Greenhalgh details the civil-military relations on each side, the political and military relations between the two powers, the maritime and industrial collaboration that were indispensable to an industrialized war effort and the Allied prosecution of war on the western front.

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Jeffrey H. Schwartz, Ian Tatersall - The Human Fos sil Record, Craniodental Morphology of Early Homin ids, Volume 4 (2005).jpg

All History - Jeffrey H. Schwartz, Ian Tatersall - The Human Fossil...iodental Morphology of Early Hominids, Volume 4 2005.jpg

The Human Fossil Record series is the most authoritative and comprehensive documentation of the fossil evidence relevant to the study of our evolutionary past. It fills the critical need for a complete resource that provides detailed morphological descriptions based on uniformly applied protocols, along with all new photographs taken exclusively for the series. This fourth volume covers the craniodental remains of early hominids of the genera Australopithecus, Paranthropus, Orrorin, as well as providing a concluding survey of hominid craniodental morphologies.

In this monumental and groundbreaking new series, the authors use clearly defined terminology and descriptive protocols that are applied uniformly throughout. Organized alphabetically by site name, with detailed morphological descriptions and original, expertly taken photographs, each entry features:
* Morphology
* Location information
* History of discovery
* Previous systematic assessments of the fossils
* Geological, archaeological, and faunal contexts
* Dating
* References to the primary literature

The Human Fossil Record series is truly a must-have reference for anyone interested in the study of human evolution.

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Jeffrey H. Schwartz, Ian Tatersall - The Human Fos sil Record, Craniodental Morphology of Early Homin ids, Volume 4 (2005).pdf

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Mary Weitzel Gibbons - Giambologna, Narrator of th e Catholic Reformation (1995).jpg

Arguably the pre-eminent European sculptor of his age, but historically considered little more than the facile court sculptor to the grand dukes of Florence, Giambologna played a major role in the artistic transformations of the late sixteenth century. Mary Weitzel Gibbons seeks to broaden our hitherto limited view of Giambologna's work by considering his neglected Genoese masterpiece, the Grimaldi Chapel. Although the chapel itself was destroyed during the Napoleonic period, its dazzling bronzes of Virtues and angel-putti and a Passion cycle in relief have survived. The fine detail and rich color of the bronzes are featured in color plates and black-and-white images photographed especially for this book. Gibbons reassesses Giambologna's work, clearly defining his relation to the narrative tradition and his role as an artist of the Catholic Reformation. Her new insights into the artist's work will appeal to all those intrigued by this turbulent era in Western European history.

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Mary Weitzel Gibbons - Giambologna, Narrator of th e Catholic Reformation (1995).pdf

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Paul B. Miller , Paul B. Miller - From Revolutiona ries to Citizens, Antimilitarism in France, 1870-1 914 (2001).jpg

All History - Paul B. Miller , Paul B. Miller - From Revolutionarie...o Citizens, Antimilitarism in France, 1870-1914 2001.jpg

From Revolutionaries to Citizens is the first comprehensive account of the most important antiwar campaign prior to World War I: the antimilitarism of the French Left. Covering the views and actions of socialists, trade unionists, and anarchists from the time of France’s defeat by Prussia in 1870 to the outbreak of hostilities with Germany in 1914, Paul B. Miller tackles a fundamental question of prewar historiography: how did the most antimilitarist culture and society in Europe come to accept and even support war in 1914? Although more general accounts of the Left’s “failure” to halt international war in August 1914 focus on its lack of unity or the decline of trade unionism, Miller contends that these explanations barely scratch the surface when it comes to interpreting the Left’s overwhelming acceptance of the war. By embedding his cultural analysis of antimilitarist propaganda into the larger political and diplomatic history of prewar Europe, he reveals the Left’s seemingly sudden transformation “from revolutionaries to citizens” as less a failure of resolve than a confession of commonality with the broader ideals of republican France. Examining sources ranging from police files and court records to German and British foreign office memos, Miller emphasizes the success of antimilitarism as a rallying cry against social and political inequities on behalf of ordinary citizens. Despite their keen awareness of the bloodletting that awaited Europe, he claims, antimilitarists ultimately accepted the war with Germany for the same reason they had pursued their own struggle within France: to address injustices and defend the rights of citizens in a democratic society.

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Paul B. Miller , Paul B. Miller - From Revolutiona ries to Citizens, Antimilitarism in France, 1870-1 914 (2001).pdf

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Alun Munslow, Barry Youngerman - Deconstructing H istory (1997).jpg

In Deconstructing History, Alan Munslow examines history in the postmodern age, pring an introduction to the topics and debates inherent in a postmodern approach to history.
Detailing both empiricist and deconstruction issues and considering the arguments of both schools, Munslow debates the position that not only is history defined as the textual product of historians but also that narrative may pre the textual model for the past itself. An examination of the character of historical evidence and an exploration of the role of historians as well as a discussion of the failure of traditional historical models is included. Munslow maps the controversies involved in and assesses the merits of the deconstructionist position, arguing that instead of beginning with past events themselves, history begins with representations of the past.

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Ernest Volkman - Science Goes to War, The Search f or the Ultimate Weapon--from Greek Fire to Star Wa rs (2002).jpg

All History - Ernest Volkman - Science Goes to War, The Search for ...he Ultimate Weapon--from Greek Fire to Star Wars 2002.jpg

"It was a thing blameworthy, shameful and barbarous, worthy of severe punishment before God and Man, to wish to bring to perfection an art damageable to one’s neighbor and destructive to the human race."
This anguished statement from the fifteenth-century Italian mathematician known as Tartaglia, who created the science of ballistics, might have come from any one of thousands of brilliant scientists who, throughout history, have applied their genius to the art of war. Every advance in weaponry from the bronze sword to the stealth bomber has been the product of science, and it is likely that without the pressure of war, science as we know it would not exist.
Science Goes to War examines the moral dilemmas, knotty technological problems, and pragmatic necessities that have punctuated the inseparable histories of science and warfare. This remarkably comprehensive volume recounts the 4,000-year quest for the ultimate weapon and reveals how this eternal arms race has both exploited and contributed to "pure" science. Highlights among the many compelling stories in Science Goes to War include:
* Archimedes and the defense of Syracuse
* Galileo and the first military R&D laboratory
* Emperor Meiji and the technological transformation of Japan
* The Manhattan Project

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brzeska11 napisano 24.11.2022 15:39

Polecam, książki o Wikingach, archeologia,rekonstrukcja średniowiecza, bazy znalezisk, wczesne średniowiecze: Hedeby, Archeologia wikingów

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Super chomik

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dzięki super zbiory zapraszam do siebie

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FREE TRANSFER

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AUDIOBOOKI NOWOŚCI 2025 I HITY WYDAWNICZE EBOOKI różne formaty, NOWOŚCI, HITY, kryminał, reportaż, psychologia, psychiatria, thriller, klasyki gatunku, trudnodostępne perełki, zapraszam!

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