The division of the Church or Schism that took place between 1378 and 1417 had no precedent in Christianity. No conclave since the twelfth century had acted as had those in April and September 1378, electing two concurrent popes. This crisis was neither an issue of the authority claimed by the pope and the Holy Roman Emperor nor an issue of authority and liturgy. The Great Western Schism was unique because it forced upon Christianity a rethinking of the traditional medieval mental frame. It raised question of personality, authority, human fallibility, ecclesiastical jurisdiction and taxation, and in the end responsibility in holding power and authority. This collection presents the broadest range of experiences, center and periphery, clerical and lay, male and female, Christian and Muslim. Theology, including exegesis of Scripture, diplomacy, French literature, reform, art, and finance all receive attention.

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2,4 MB
10 wrz 18 22:03

Joëlle Rollo-Koster; Thomas M. Izbicki - A Compani on to the Great Western Schism (1378-1417) (2009).pdf

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Alan B. Lloyd - A Companion to Ancient Egypt (Two Volume Set) (2010).jpg

This Companion provides the very latest accounts of the major and current aspects of Egyptology by leading scholars. It is delivered in a highly readable style and extensively illustrated; published in two volumes, it offers unprecedented breadth and depth of coverage, giving full scope to the discussion of this incredible civilization.
Provides the very latest and, where relevant, well-illustrated accounts of the major aspects of Egypt’s ancient history and culture
Covers a broad scope of topics including physical context, history, economic and social mechanisms, language, literature, and the visual arts
Delivered in a highly readable style with students and scholars of both Egyptology and Graeco-Roman studies in mind
Provides a chronological table at the start of each volume to help readers orient chapters within the wider historical context

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19,6 MB
10 wrz 18 22:03

Alan B. Lloyd - A Companion to Ancient Egypt (Two Volume Set) (2010).pdf

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Caroline Cahm - Kropotkin, And the Rise of Revolut ionary Anarchism, 1872-1886 (2007).jpg

This major study of Peter Kropotkin sets him firmly in the context of the development of the European anarchist movement as the man who became, after Bakunin's death, their chief exponent of anarchist ideas. It traces the origins and development of his ideas and revolutionary practice from 1872 to 1886, and assesses the subsequent influence of his life and work upon European radical and socialist movements. Dr Cahm analyses Kropotkin's role in the transformation of Bakunin's anti-authoritarian socialism, and shows how two principal types of revolutionary action emerge from anarchist efforts to develop clear alternatives to the parliamentary strategies of social democrats; one based on the activity of individuals and small groups, the other related to large-scale collective action.

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7,5 MB
10 wrz 18 22:03

Caroline Cahm - Kropotkin, And the Rise of Revolut ionary Anarchism, 1872-1886 (2007).pdf

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180 KB
10 wrz 18 22:03

Guy H. Woodward, Grace Steele Woodward - The Secre t of Sherwood Forest, Oil Production in England Du ring WWII (2002).jpg

All History - Guy H. Woodward, Grace Steele Woodward - The Secret o...d Forest, Oil Production in England During WWII 2002.jpg

The story of how the British during World War II, with the aid of forty-four oilfield roughnecks from the United States, developed vital shallow pools of oil in Britain's famed Sherwood Forest. Based on extensive research using thousands of reports, letters, and documents released to the authors in 1968.

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11,3 MB
10 wrz 18 22:03

Guy H. Woodward, Grace Steele Woodward - The Secre t of Sherwood Forest, Oil Production in England Du ring WWII (2002).pdf

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Peter Hutchinson - Stefan Heym, The Perpetual Diss ident (2006).jpg

Stefan Heym was Hitler's youngest literary exile. This book, the first full-length study of Heym to appear in English, outlines his exciting career, which culminated in his becoming the major dissident of the German Democratic Republic. It focuses primarily on his journalism and his novels, some of which have been translated into over twenty languages, but also discusses his earliest, almost unknown, poetry and drama. Peter Hutchinson pays special attention to the way in which Heym's defiance of a repressive regime inspired others and paved the way for the new Eastern European literature.

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5,2 MB
10 wrz 18 22:03

Peter Hutchinson - Stefan Heym, The Perpetual Diss ident (2006).pdf

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Peter Brand, Lino Pertile - The Cambridge History of Italian Literature (1997).jpg

This first substantial history of Italian literature to appear in the English language for forty years provides a comprehensive survey of one of the richest and most influential literatures of Europe. Leading scholars describe and assess the work of a wide range of writers who have contributed to the Italian literary tradition from its earliest origins to the present day. The volume is accessible to the general reader as well as to students and scholars. Translations are provided, along with maps, chronological charts, and up-to-date bibliographies.

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83,1 MB
10 wrz 18 22:03

Peter Brand, Lino Pertile - The Cambridge History of Italian Literature (1997).pdf

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347 KB
10 wrz 18 22:03

Francis Catella - Gott mit uns! Les boucles de cei nture Allemandes 1870 - 1945 (1991).jpg

Plus de 500 boucles Militaires et Politiques allemandes. 1870-1945. La plus importante étude photographique jamais réalisée sur les boucles et ceinturons Allemand.

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21,3 MB
10 wrz 18 22:03

Francis Catella - Gott mit uns! Les boucles de cei nture Allemandes 1870 - 1945 (1991).djvu

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46 KB
10 wrz 18 22:03

Elizabeth Mansfield - Art History and Its Institut ions, The Nineteenth Century (2002).jpg

Art History and Its Institutions focuses on the institutional discourses that shaped and continue to shape the field from its foundation in the nineteenth century. From museums and universities to law courts, labor organizations and photography studios, contributors examine a range of institutions, considering their impact on movements such as modernism, their role in conveying or denying legitimacy, and their impact of defining the parameters of the discipline.

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3,3 MB
10 wrz 18 22:03

Elizabeth Mansfield - Art History and Its Institut ions, The Nineteenth Century (2002).pdf

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245 KB
10 wrz 18 22:03

Geological Society of London, Cherry Lewis, Simon J. Knell - The Age of the Earth, From 4004 BC to 2 002 AD (2001).jpg

All History - Geological Society of London, Cherry Lewis, Simon J. ... The Age of the Earth, From 4004 BC to 2002 AD 2001.jpg

This book contains contributions from Martin Rees - the Astronomer ; Aubrey Manning - biologist and presenter of the BBC TV series Earth Story; Chris Stringer - archaeologist and media personality, and a number of respected historians of science. A historical perspective of geological time, from the seventeenth century to the discovery of radioactivity, and on to modern-day applications of geochronology. Contributors come from the fields of geology and geo, palaeontology, biology, archaeology, astronomy, and the history of science. The age of the Earth has always been a subject of great interest to scientists from many disciplines - geologists, biologists, archaeologists, astronomers and historians. This volume, The Age of the Earth: from 4004BC to AD2002, brings together contributors from these different subjects to discuss various aspects of the theme. It opens with a historical perspective, touching on the works of eminent scholars from the seventeenth to nineteenth centuries, describing how conceptions of the Earth's history changed over this period. We are taken from the time when state-enforced religious orthodoxy throughout Europe dictated the age of the Earth, through to the nineteenth century when geology emerged as a rigorous and self-contained science. Through stratigraphic work, fossils became established as useful time markers and the scientists of the day turned to the deduction of time from the products of geomorphological processes. By the end of the nineteenth century the debate between geologists and physicists was at its peak. The effort to quantify geological time affected the theory and practice of geology and was largely resonsible for it maturing into a professional scientific discipline. Through the science of geochronology, increasingly refined techniques developed to measure the age of the Earth. However, it should be borne in mind that the now-accepted age can be considered a 'geochemical coincidence' which still remains a contentious issue. The concluding parts of the book discuss a number of related topics: the search for the oldest rocks on earth; a biologist's viewpoint of the history and pattern of life on Earth; how a refinement of radiocarbon and non-radiocarbon physical dating techniques has impacted on the search for our ancient hominid ancestors; and, finally, cosmology and the questions surrounding the age of the universe.

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25,8 MB
10 wrz 18 22:03

Geological Society of London, Cherry Lewis, Simon J. Knell - The Age of the Earth, From 4004 BC to 2 002 AD (2001).pdf

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116 KB
10 wrz 18 22:03

James Belich - Replenishing the Earth, The Settler Revolution and the Rise of the Angloworld, 1783-1 939 (2009).jpg

All History - James Belich - Replenishing the Earth, The Settler Re...ution and the Rise of the Angloworld, 1783-1939 2009.jpg

Why are we speaking English? Replenishing the Earth gives a new answer to that question, uncovering a "settler revolution" that took place from the early nineteenth century that led to the explosive settlement of the American West and its forgotten twin, the British West, comprising the settler dominions of Canada, Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa.
Between 1780 and 1930 the number of English-speakers rocketed from 12 million in 1780 to 200 million, and their wealth and power grew to match. Their secret was not racial, or cultural, or institutional superiority but a resonant intersection of historical changes, including the sudden rise of mass transfer across oceans and mountains, a revolutionary upward shift in attitudes to emigration, the emergence of a settler "boom mentality," and a late flowering of non-industrial technologies--wind, water, wood, and work animals--especially on settler frontiers. This revolution combined with the Industrial Revolution to transform settlement into something explosive--capable of creating great cities like Chicago and Melbourne and large socio-economies in a single generation.
When the great settler booms busted, as they always did, a second pattern set in. Links between the Anglo-wests and their metropolises, London and New York, actually tightened as rising tides of staple products flowed one way and ideas the other. This "re-colonization" re-integrated Greater America and Greater Britain, bulking them out to become the superpowers of their day. The "Settler Revolution" was not exclusive to the Anglophone countries--Argentina, Siberia, and Manchuria also experienced it. But it was the Anglophone settlers who managed to integrate frontier and metropolis most successfully, and it was this that gave them the impetus and the material power to provide the world's leading super-powers for the last 200 years.
This book will reshape understandings of American, British, and British dominion histories in the long 19th century. It is a story that has such crucial implications for the histories of settler societies, the homelands that spawned them, and the indigenous peoples who resisted them, that their full histories cannot be written without it.

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5,5 MB
10 wrz 18 22:03

James Belich - Replenishing the Earth, The Settler Revolution and the Rise of the Angloworld, 1783-1 939 (2009).pdf

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149 KB
10 wrz 18 22:03

Rees Davies - Lords and Lordship in the British Is les in the Late Middle Ages (2009).jpg

It is well known that political, economic, and social power in the British Isles in the Middle Ages lay in the hands of a small group of domini-lords. In his final book, the late Sir Rees Davies explores the personalities of these magnates, the nature of their lordship, and the ways in which it was expressed in a diverse and divided region in the period 1272-1422.
Although their right to rule was rarely questioned, the lords flaunted their identity and superiority through the promotion of heraldic lore, the use of elevated forms of address, and by the extravagant display of their wealth and power. Their domestic routine, furnishings, dress, diet, artistic preferences, and pastimes all spoke of a lifestyle of privilege and authority. Warfare was a constant element in their lives, affording access to riches and reputation, but also carrying the danger of capture, ruin and even death, while their enthusiasm for crusades and tournaments testified to their energy and bellicose inclinations.
Above all, underpinning the lords' control of land was their control of men-a complex system of dependence and reward that Davies restores to central significance by studying the British Isles as a whole. The exercise and experience of lordship was far more varied than the English model alone would suggest.

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5,8 MB
10 wrz 18 22:03

Rees Davies - Lords and Lordship in the British Is les in the Late Middle Ages (2009).pdf

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Sergio Boffa - Warfare in Medieval Brabant, 1356-1 406 (2004).jpg

The duchy of Brabant was one of the most powerful principalities of the Low Countries. The second half of the 14th century saw a particularly dramatic period in its history: the house of Leuven was on the point of disappearance, the duchy was coveted by Philip the Bold of Burgundy, and, by a network of alliances, Brabant was drawn into the Hundred Years' War. In this exciting context, various aspects of medieval warfare will be studied for the first time.
The successive conflicts which troubled the duchy between 1356 and 1406 are review. The different authorities which influenced the course of military operations - the duchess and the duke, their officers, and the Estates of Brabant - are presented. The combatants, above all the nobility and the urban militias, are described. Then, all the practical aspects of warfare will be considered in detail. Finally, the military obligations and contracts which bound the men at arms to the duke are analyzed.

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5,3 MB
10 wrz 18 22:03

Sergio Boffa - Warfare in Medieval Brabant, 1356-1 406 (2004).pdf

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196 KB
10 wrz 18 22:03

Sonia G. Benson - Elizabethan World Reference Libr ary Vol 1 - 4 (2006).jpg

A new historical period has been added to the seemingly inexhaustible UXL Reference Library series: the era of Elizabeth 1 (1533-1603) in England. This accessible set consists of three volumes: Almanac, which offers chapter-length essays on political, social, and cultural events and movements that shaped each era; Biographies, in-depth treatments of luminaries who represent various levels of society and diverse experiences and viewpoints; and Primary Sources, collections of facsimiles and excerpted documents that attempt to provide insights into the past for the series' intended audience. The new topic will support both social studies and literature research assignments and will be welcomed by secondary library media collections.

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31,7 MB
10 wrz 18 22:03

Sonia G. Benson - Elizabethan World Reference Libr ary Vol 1 - 4 (2006) [PDF X 4].rar

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10 wrz 18 22:03

DK - R. G. Grant - Battle at Sea, 3000 Years of Na val Warfare (2010).jpg

This is a new compact edition of this visual journey through 3,000 years of naval warfare. From the clash of galleys in Ancient Greece to deadly encounters between nuclear-powered submarines in the 20th century, explore every aspect of the story of naval warfare on, under and above the sea. You can visit every major naval conflict in time through detailed vital statistics of the combatants and outcomes. You can examine the changing face of life aboard a vessel, from punishment and discipline to food and recreation. You can take a look at crews and their roles through the ages exploring hierarchies and organisation. Packed with photographs, maps, 3D battle plans and eyewitness accounts this is the ultimate guide to the evolution of naval conflict.

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144 KB
10 wrz 18 22:03

Jean Boudriot - La Jacinthe Schooner 1825, Monogra pf & History (1990).jpg

Schooner 1825. Monograph & History. Monograph and Plans 1/48 scale. La Jacinthe was one of a class of eleven schooners builts for the French Navy to draughts of the shipwright J.F Delamorinière. The first six, of which la Jacinthe was one, were built in 1823, five others following a year later. Designed for service in the Colonies, protecting merchant shipping, la Jacinthe also saw action at the blockade of Cadiz in September 1823, six month after her launch in Toulon. Lighly armed with two 12 - pdr carronades and with fine lines, these elegant little vessels made excellent avisos and cruisers; they gave reliable service for some twenty years in French Navy, the last one being deleted from the active in 1844. Their smalls dimensions (21 metres long and 5,8 metres in beam to inside of plank), and the fact that they are carvel rather than clinker built, make them ideal subjects for the relatively inexperienced modelmaker. For students of the great age of sail, the schooner is a subject which follows on logically from those already treated in the series, the brig, the cutter and the lugger. This book gives the detailed historical background to the schooners of the French Navy, describing their rig and armament, internal arrangements and deck fourniture. It discusses in detail development of the schooner in its evolving forms, illustring each part with iconographic material drawn from many sources, much of which has never previously been published. Five sheets of plans to 1/48 scale are bound in with the text, ans spare sets inserted loose at the back of the book. As always, Jean Boudriot's drawings cover even the smallest fittings with total clarity and historical accuracy.

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140,4 MB
10 wrz 18 22:03

Jean Boudriot - La Jacinthe Schooner 1825, Monogra pf & History (1990).pdf

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10 wrz 18 22:03

Henrietta Harrison - The Man Awakened from Dreams, One Man's Life in a North China Village, 1857-194 2 (2005).jpg

All History - Henrietta Harrison - The Man Awakened from Dreams, On...ne Mans Life in a North China Village, 1857-1942 2005.jpg

In this beautifully crafted study of one emblematic life, Harrison addresses large themes in Chinese history while conveying with great immediacy the textures and rhythms of everyday life in the countryside in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.
Liu Dapeng was a provincial degree-holder who never held government office. Through the story of his family, the author illustrates the decline of the countryside in relation to the cities as a result of modernization and the transformation of Confucian ideology as a result of these changes. Based on nearly 400 volumes of Liu's diary and other writings, the book illustrates what it was like to study in an academy and to be a schoolteacher, the pressures of changing family relationships, the daily grind of work in industry and agriculture, people's experience with government, and life under the Japanese occupation.

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brzeska11 napisano 24.11.2022 15:39

Polecam, książki o Wikingach, archeologia,rekonstrukcja średniowiecza, bazy znalezisk, wczesne średniowiecze: Hedeby, Archeologia wikingów

moyade8805 napisano 27.01.2023 09:08

Super chomik

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Super chomik, wartościowe pozycje dla emeryta 84!

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dzięki super zbiory zapraszam do siebie

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Zapraszam

MOONLIGHTNEO napisano 2.06.2025 05:20

FREE TRANSFER

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magda.s3 napisano 15.09.2025 15:59

AUDIOBOOKI NOWOŚCI 2025 I HITY WYDAWNICZE EBOOKI różne formaty, NOWOŚCI, HITY, kryminał, reportaż, psychologia, psychiatria, thriller, klasyki gatunku, trudnodostępne perełki, zapraszam!

DELL_2026 napisano 29.03.2026 19:27