AMADEUS O1.mp3

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AMADEUS 2.mp3

AMADEUS 3.mp3

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AMADEUS 6

AMADEUS 7

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this sceptered isle 24 William Rufus and the First Cru....mp3

William Rufus and the First Crusade William II is mysteriously shot by a stray arrow while hunting in the New Forest. William II, known as William Rufus, came to England to claim his inheritance in 1087. He quarrelled constantly with his brother, Robert Duke of Normandy. The dividing of the kingdoms effected their subjects many of who had lands in both England and Normandy and now had to pay allegiance to two Sovereigns. Finally Robert pawned Normandy to William Rufus in order to embark on the First Crusade. William Rufus ruled over England for 13 years. The English welcomed him because they dreaded returning to the chaos of pre-Conqueror days. Many, though, might have preferred Henry, the third son who was born in England after William and Matilda became king and queen. William Rufus also had the support of the Archbishop of Canterbury, Lanfranc. He understood William Rufus and in many ways controlled him but when he died in 1089 William Rufus became more treacherous than ever, he made many enemies and in 1100 whilst out hunting in the New Forest he was mysteriously shot by an arrow. Prince Henry who was part of the hunting party made straight for the royal treasury at Winchester. Three days later he was crowned king.

this sceptered isle 25 henry and scotish kings.mp3

Scots claim territory as far south as Lancashire, as Scotland reaches the height of its powers. The Scottish Kings. The Scottish and English monarchs had fought each other and now the Scots claimed territory as far south as Lancashire. This was the time of the great Scottish king David and it was under him that his nation reached the height of its powers. King Henry thought David so important that it was his biggest ambition that the Scottish monarch should swear an oath of allegiance to England. Under David the Scottish courts became far more sophisticated and according to the chronicler William of Malmesbury ‘rubbed off the tarnish of Scottish barbarism’. In England the battle took place to make a woman monarch. She was Matilda, daughter of Henry I, who would become one of the most famous pretenders to the throne. Her son, Henry would one day become king and it was he that would lead the great invasion of Ireland that began 800 years of struggles between the two nations.

this sceptered isle 26 Justice, Power and the Death of....mp3

England faces turbulent times as Henry I is taken ill on a visit to France. Henry I of England sailed for France and Rouen. His daughter, Matilda, had married Geoffrey of Anjou and had the first son, Henry who will be Henry II, Henry Plantagenet. Henry I was taken ill on his visit to France and died. He had declared Matilda to be his heir but it was his nephew, Stephen I, who went straight to Winchester and then to London to claim the English crown. Many of the English noblemen did not want Matilda to be queen. Matilda however still had a claim to the throne and was supported by Robert of Gloucester. So once again England was facing turbulent times.

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