This major intervention from one of the world's leading historians, challenges the notion of any one 'Enlightenment' and posits instead a plurality of enlightenments, of which the English was one. The first two volumes of Barbarism and Religion were warmly and widely reviewed, and won the Jacques Barzun Prize in Cultural History of the American Philosophical Society. In the third volume in the sequence, John Pocock presents a historical introduction to the first fourteen chapters of Gibbon's great work, recounting the end of the classical civilization Gibbon and his readers knew so much better than the worlds that followed.

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J. G. A. Pocock - Barbarism and Religion, Volume 3 , The First Decline and Fall (2003) [PDF].rar

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J. G. A. Pocock - Barbarism and Religion, Vol. 4, Barbarians, Savages and Empires (2005).jpg

This fourth volume in John Pocock's great sequence on Barbarism and Religion focuses on the idea of barbarism. Barbarism was central to the history of western historiography, to the history of the enlightenment, and to Edward Gibbon himself. As a concept it was deeply problematic to enlightened historians seeking to understand their own civil societies in the light of exposure to newly-discovered civilizations hitherto beyond the reach of history. The troubled relationship between philosophy and history is addressed directly in this fourth volume.

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Larry Clinton Thompson - William Scott Ament and t he Boxer Rebellion, Heroism, Hubris and the ''Idea l Missionary'' (2009).jpg

Historia2 - Larry Clinton Thompson - William Scott Ament and the B...bellion, Heroism, Hubris and the Ideal Missionary 2009.jpg

In 1900 in China a peasant movement known as the Boxers rose up and tried to destroy its Western oppressors. The culminating event of the Boxer Rebellion was the siege of the Western legations in Peking. In isolated Peking, a horde of brightly dressed, acrobatic, anti-Western and anti-Christian Boxers surrounded the fortified diplomatic legation compound, and rumors about the torture and murder of 900 Western diplomats, soldiers, and missionaries swirled throughout the foreign media. Scholars agree that animosity toward Christian missionaries was a major cause of the Boxer Rebellion, but most accounts neglect the missionaries and emphasize instead the diplomats and soldiers who weathered the siege and defeated the Chinese in battle. This book gives equivalent attention to the missionaries, their work, the impact they had on China, and the controversies arising in the aftermath of the Boxer Rebellion. It focuses particularly on one of the most distinguished American missionaries, William Scott Ament, whose brave and resourceful heroism was tarnished by hubris and looting.

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Larry Clinton Thompson - William Scott Ament and t he Boxer Rebellion, Heroism, Hubris and the ''Idea l Missionary'' (2009).pdf

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Paul F. Grendler - The Renaissance, An Encyclopedi a for Students (4 Vols.) (2003).jpg

The Renaissance: An Encyclopedia for Students has a straightforward, alphabetical subject organization. The entries cover people, places, events, concepts, works of art and literature, and scientific achievements from around 1350 to 1620. Examples of people who are covered are Fra Angelico, Francis Bacon, Hernan Cortes, Henry VIII, Martin Luther, Teresa of Avila, and William Shakespeare. Other entries cover Art in Italy, Books and Manuscripts, Childhood, Clothing, Humanism, Peasants' War, Science, Venice, and witchcraft, to cite just a few. Cross-references are included at the end of each article, and length ranges from one paragraph to two pages at the longest. A comprehensive index at the end of each of the four volumes references both entries in the specific volume and the whole set. A six-page collection of suggested resources includes Web sites.

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Paul F. Grendler - The Renaissance, An Encyclopedi a for Students (4 Vols.) (2003) [PDF x 4].rar

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Sadhana Naithani - The Story-Time of the British E mpire, Colonial and Postcolonial Folkloristics 201 0).jpg

In The Story-Time of the British Empire, author Sadhana Naithani examines folklore collections compiled by British colonial administrators, military men, missionaries, and women in the British colonies of Africa, Asia, and Australia between 1860 and 1950. Much of this work was accomplished in the context of colonial relations and done by non-folklorists, yet these oral narratives and poetic exions of non-Europeans were transcribed, translated, published, and discussed internationally. Naithani analyzes the role of folklore scholarship in the construction of colonial cultural politics as well as in the conception of international folklore studies.
Since most folklore scholarship and cultural history focuses exclusively on specific nations, there is little study of cross-cultural phenomena about empire and/or postcoloniality. Naithani argues that connecting cultural histories, especially in relation to previously colonized countries, is essential to understanding those countries' folklore, as these folk traditions result from both internal and European influence. The author also makes clear the role folklore and its study played in shaping intercultural perceptions that continue to exist in the academic and popular realms today. The Story-Time of the British Empire is a bold argument for a twenty-first-century vision of folklore studies that is international in scope and that understands folklore as a transnational entity.

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Sadhana Naithani - The Story-Time of the British E mpire, Colonial and Postcolonial Folkloristics 201 0).pdf

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Andrew Duncan, Michel Opatowski - War in the Holy Land, From Meggido to the West Bank (1998).jpg

From the Canaanite defeat by the Egyptians at the Battle of Meggido in 1468 BC to the Arab-Israeli wars of the 1960's and 70' and the peace treaty of the 1990's, this book covers, in detail, each bloody battle and war fought in Israel and Palestine. The book is divided into historical time, periods headed by an introduction which sets the baffles that follow in context. A comprehensive account of each battle is supported by a detailed map with illustrations, including contemporary and present day reconstruction's and photographs of the battlefield sites, personalities, participants and weapons. The last chapter will be printed at the last minute to assure up-to-the-minute detail. This is a main selection of the Military Book Club.

About the Author
Andrew Duncan was British Defense Attache in Tel Aviv, editor of the Military Balance, an annual publication of the International Institute for Strategic Studies.

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Andrew Duncan, Michel Opatowski - War in the Holy Land, From Meggido to the West Bank (1998).pdf

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Barbara W. Tuchman - The Proud Tower, A Portrait o f the World Before the War, 1890-1914 (1996).jpg

"The diplomatic origins, so-called, of the War are only the fever chart of the patient; they do not tell us what caused the fever. To probe for underlying causes and deeper forces one must operate within the framework of a whole society and try to discover what moved the people in it."
--Barbara W. Tuchman

The fateful quarter-century leading up to the World War I was a time when the world of Privilege still existed in Olympian luxury and the world of Protest was heaving in its pain, its power, and its hate. The age was the climax of a century of the most accelerated rate of change in history, a cataclysmic shaping of destiny.

In The Proud Tower, Barbara Tuchman concentrates on society rather than the state. With an artist's selectivity, Tuchman bings to vivid life the people, places, and events that shaped the years leading up to the Great War: the ian aristocracy and the end of their reign; the Anarchists of Europe and America, who voiced the protest of the oped; Germany, as portrayed through the figure of the self-depicted Hero, Richard Strauss; the sudden gorgeous blaze of Diaghilev's Russian Ballet and Stravinsky's music; the Dreyfus Affair; the two Peace Conferences at the Hague; and, finally, the youth, ideals, enthusiasm, and tragedy of Socialism, epitomized in the moment when the heroic Jean Jaurès was shot to death on the night the War began and an epoch ended.

"Tuchman [was] a distinguished historian who [wrote] her books with a rare combination of impeccable scholarship and literary polish. . . . It would be impossible to read The Proud Tower without pleasure and admiration."
--The New York Times

"Tuchman proved in The Guns of August that she could write better military history than most men. In this sequel, she tells her story with cool wit and warm understanding, eschewing both the sweeping generalizations of a Toynbee and the minute-by-minute simplicisms of a Walter Lord."

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Conan Fischer - Europe between Democracy and Dicta torship, 1900 - 1945 (2010).jpg

Fischer offers a captivating analysis of Europe’s turbulent history during the first half of the twentieth century, from the optimism at the turn of the century to the successive waves of destruction of the First and Second World Wars.
* Written by a leading authority in this field, the book draws upon his areas of expertise
* Reflects the most recent scholarship in this period of history
* While laying stress on Europe's major powers and the seminal events of the earlier twentieth century, Fischer pays due attention to the smaller European countries from the Atlantic to the Black Sea and the Baltic to the Mediterranean
* Extends beyond the political, sociological, and economic paradigms to include extensive references to the European cultural scene
* Organized both as a broad chronology and thematically, in order to allow for historical insights and entry into the key debates and literature

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Conan Fischer - Europe between Democracy and Dicta torship, 1900 - 1945 (2010).pdf

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Dard Hunter - Papermaking, The History and Techniq ue of an Ancient Craft (1978).jpg

"Dard Hunter is still recognized as the world's foremost authority on paper and papermaking. This is the classic work on papermaking, used as a text and reference in classrooms, museums and libraries." More historical than how-to, you'll find just about every aspect of papermaking covered in this book. Over 320 illustrations show actual pages from rare books and scrolls from every corner of the world, scenes of past and present-day papermaking, tools, materials, and watermarks. A two-page map illustrates the text to trace the 1000-year journey of papermaking from China to Europe, and a chronology of paper and paper related developments over 4500 years.

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Dard Hunter - Papermaking, The History and Techniq ue of an Ancient Craft (1978).pdf

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Peter Simkins - The First World War, The War to En d All Wars (2003).jpg

Raging for over four years across the tortured landscapes of Europe, Africa and the Middle East, the First World War changed the face of warfare forever. Characterised by slow, costly advances and fierce attrition, the great battles of the Somme, Verdun and Ypres incurred human loss on a scale never previously imagined. This book, with a foreword by Professor Hew Strachan, covers the fighting on all fronts, from Flanders to Tannenberg and from Italy to Palestine. A series of moving extracts from personal letters, diaries and journals bring to life the experiences of soldiers and civilians caught up in the war.

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William J. Burroughs - Climate Change in Prehistor y, The End of the Reign of Chaos (2008).jpg

How did humankind deal with the extreme challenges of the last Ice Age? How have the relatively benign post-Ice Age conditions affected the evolution and spread of humanity across the globe? By setting our genetic history in the context of climate change during prehistory, the origin of many features of our modern world are identified and presented in this illuminating book. It reviews the aspects of our physiology and intellectual development that have been influenced by climatic factors, and how features of our lives - diet, language and the domestication of animals - are also the product of the climate in which we evolved. In short: climate change in prehistory has in many ways made us what we are today. Climate Change in Prehistory weaves together studies of the climate with anthropological, archaeological and historical studies, and will fascinate all those interested in the effects of climon human development and history.

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Barrington Barber, Leonardo DaVinci - Through the Eyes of Leonardo da Vinci, Selected Drawings by th e Great Renaissance Master (2005).jpg

Historia2 - Barrington Barber, Leonardo DaVinci - Through the Eyes...Selected Drawings by the Great Renaissance Master 2005.jpg

From the drawing of the stalk of a lily with a head of flowers, to the well-known "The Proportions of the Human Figure," this volume presents several works culled from the hundreds of drawings that flowed from Leonardo da Vinci's pen and brush. Each work is accompanied by a detailed description to enhance the appreciation of the artist's creation.

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Barrington Barber, Leonardo DaVinci - Through the Eyes of Leonardo da Vinci, Selected Drawings by th e Great Renaissance Master (2005).pdf

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David Brakke - Demons and the Making of the Monk, Spiritual Combat in Early Christianity (2006).jpg

Demons--whether in embodied form or as inward temptation--make vivid appearances in early Christian monastic literature. In this finely written study of demonology and Christian spirituality in fourth- and fifth-century Egypt, David Brakke examines how the conception of the monk as a holy and virtuous being was shaped by the combative encounter with demons.
Brakke studies the "making of the monk" from two perspectives. First, he describes the social and religious identities that monastic authors imagined for the demon-fighting monk: the new martyr who fights against the pagan gods, the gnostic who believes he knows both the tricks of the demons and the secrets of God, and the prophet who discerns the hidden presence of Satan even among good Christians. Then he employs recent theoretical ideas about gender and racial stereotyping to interpret accounts of demon encounters, especially those in which demons appear as the Other--as Ethiopians, as women, or as pagan gods.
Drawing on biographies of exceptional monks, collections of monastic sayings and stories, letters from ascetic teachers to their disciples, sermons, and community rules, Brakke crafts a compelling picture of the embattled religious celibate. Demons and the Making of the Monk is an insightful and innovative exploration of the development of Christian monasticism.

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David Brakke - Demons and the Making of the Monk, Spiritual Combat in Early Christianity (2006).pdf

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Gary B. Magee, Anrew S. Thompson - Empire and Glob alisation, Networks of People, Goods and Capital i n the British World, c.1850-1914 (2010).jpg

Historia2 - Gary B. Magee, Anrew S. Thompson - Empire and Globalis...ods and Capital in the British World, c.1850-1914 2010.jpg

"This is a brilliant and highly original study of what the authors describe as 'imperial globalisation'. Drawing upon a huge range of literature, Thompson and Magee explore the social networks, business connections, migrational habits and shared material culture that bound together British communities at home and overseas in the long nineteenth century. In this pathbreaking book, they bring new conceptual rigour as well as empirical depth to the emerging history of the 'British World'. An outstanding achievement." -John Darwin, Nuffield College, University of Oxford

"Written by two scholars with an impressively sure touch, this is a fresh and arresting look at the economic, social and cultural ways in which the mature British Empire promoted a recognisably modern process of international integration or globalisation. This book is especially stimulating not merely for its breadth of research and conceptual sophistication, but for its striking contribution to our understanding of the intersections between the long-distance migrant networks, finance, trade and consumption cultures which formed a British world economy. Smart, richly-informative and boldly-argumentative, there is nothing to equal this novel illumination of the past Pax Britannica." - Bill Nasson, University of Stellenbosch

"Magee and Thompson blend approaches from the social sciences, economics and history adeptly to deliver a long overdue analysis of the cultural economy of Britain's Empire. Studying the networks of individual mobility, information, goods and capital that connected Britons 'at home' and in the settler colonies, they demonstrate that cultural reproduction and economic integration were mutually reinforcing. In doing so, they excavate key foundations of our contemporary, unevenly globalised world." -Alan Lester, Professor of Historical Geography, University of Sussex

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Gavin Schaffer - Racial Science and British Societ y, 1930-62 (2008).jpg

The study of race has been an important feature in British universities for over a hundred years. During this time, academic understanding of what race describes and means has changed and developed as has the purpose of racial study. Once considered the preserve of biologists and physical anthropologists, over the course of the last century the study of race has transferred mostly into social scientific disciplines such as sociology. This book explores this passing of authority on racial matters in the context of international and domestic political issues.
In a period which spans the rise and fall of Nazism, the onset of the Cold War, the birth of Apartheid and the death of legal US segregation, Racial Science and British Society, 1930-62 considers the relationship between science, politics and ideology, arguing that racial scholarship in Britain was shaped in every period by factors outside of science. At the same time it argues that it is possible to see the influence of expert racial scholarship in every significant action of government immigration policy during this period. This major new study of Twentieth-century Britain calls into question the impact of racial ideas on British society and probes into the nature of knowledge production in science.

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Gavin Schaffer - Racial Science and British Societ y, 1930-62 (2008).pdf

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Gordon F. M. Rakita - Ancestors and Elites, Emerge nt Complexity and Ritual Practices in the Casas Gr andes Polity (2009).jpg

Historia2 - Gordon F. M. Rakita - Ancestors and Elites, Emergent C... and Ritual Practices in the Casas Grandes Polity 2009.jpg

Ancestors and Elites examines the relationship between emergent social complexity and changing ritual practices at the prehispanic site of PaquimZ, Chihuahua, Mexico.

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Gordon F. M. Rakita - Ancestors and Elites, Emerge nt Complexity and Ritual Practices in the Casas Gr andes Polity (2009).pdf

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Juhan Kreem - The Edges of the Medieval World (200 9).jpg

In the Middles Ages, the edges of one s world could represent different meanings. On the one hand, they might have been situated in far-away regions, mainly in the east and north, that one most often only knew from hearsay and which were inhabited by strange beings: humans with their faces on their chest, without a mouth, or with dog heads. On the other hand, the edges of one s world could just mean the borders of the community where one lived and that one sometimes might not have had the possibility to cross during one s whole life. These varieties of edges of the medieval world were the topic of an international workshop that was held in 2006 on the Estonian island of Muhu, itself an area that could easily be connected with the topic of this meeting. In the present proceedings of the workshop, specialists from eight European countries offer their ideas about different edges of the medieval world and contribute to a discussion that has been increasing greatly in Medieval Studies in recent times.

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Juhan Kreem - The Edges of the Medieval World (200 9).pdf

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Louise S. Sherby - The Who's Who of Nobel Prize Wi nners 1901-2000, Fourth Edition (2001).jpg

The Who's Who of Nobel Prize Winners is a one-stop source of detailed information on the men and women who earned the Nobel Prize during the 20th century. Organized chronologically by prize, each extensive article contains in-depth information on the laureate's life and career as well as a selected list of his or her publications and biographical resources on the individual. A concise commentary explains why the laureate received the award and summarizes the individual's other important achievements. This completely updated edition also contains a history of the prize. Four indexes distinguish this title from similar biographical references and enable researchers to search by name, education, nationality or citizenship, and religion.

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