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	!! HISTORIA - książki, artykuły
	@ Fizyka. Serie
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0,8 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Osprey - Men-at-Arms 140 - David Nicolle - Armies Of The Ottoman Turks 1300 - 1774 (1983).jpg

The birth of the Ottoman state is shrouded in legend. Whatever the truth of its origins, the Ottoman's formed an Empire which almost succeeded in bringing Christian Europe to its knees. During the last decades of the 13th century, the ambitious Osman Bey's tiny mountain state took eight frontier castles plus the Turkish town of Eskisehir. In 1299 Osman seized Yenisehir after working up the Kara Su valley. With this as its first real capital, the Ottoman state emerged into history poised above the fertile shores of the Sea of Marmara.

David Nicolle
David Nicolle, born in 1944, worked in the BBC’s Arabic service for a number of years before gaining an MA from the School of Oriental and African Studies, London, and a doctorate from Edinburgh University. He has written numerous books and articles on medieval and Islamic warfare, and has been a prolific author of Osprey titles for many years.

Contents
The Gazi State · The Ottoman Army, 14th to 16th Centuries · The Struggle for Military Reform, 17th to 18th Centuries · Arms, Armour, Fortification and the Fleet · Chronology of Ottoman Conquests and Losses · Campaigns and Battles · The Plates

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27 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

George Seldes - Sawdust Caesar, The untold history of Mussolini and fascism (1936).jpg

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11,9 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

George Seldes - Sawdust Caesar, The untold history of Mussolini and fascism (1936).pdf

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203 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

D. Boyce - Ireland in Transition, 1867-1921 (2004).jpg

This wide-ranging collection brings together multiple perspectives on a key period in Irish history, from the Fenian Rising on 1867 to the creation of the Irish Free State, with a focus on the formation of Irish identity. The chapters, written by a wide range of experts, focus on key individuals or ideological groups and consider how they perceived Ireland's future, what their sense of Irish identity was, and who they saw as the enemy.

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16,8 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

D. Boyce - Ireland in Transition, 1867-1921 (2004) [PDF].rar

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175 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Richard Evans - Rereading German History 1800-1996 , From Unification to Reunification (1997).jpg

In Rereading German History, Richard Evans draws together his essays on the political, economic, cultural and social history of Germany through war and reunification. The essays provide a study of how historians--mainly German, American, British, and French--have provided a series of differing and often conflicting readings of the German past in recent years. In his reconsideration of German history in the light of the recent decline and fall of the German Democratic Republic, the collapse of the Berlin Wall and the reunification of Germany, Evans also reflects on the ways in which the events of 1989-90 have led or not led to widespread changes in historian's readings of the German past.

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10,2 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Richard Evans - Rereading German History 1800-1996 , From Unification to Reunification (1997).pdf

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10 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

William L. O'Neill - World War II, A Student Compa nion (1999).jpg

Grade 9 Up-A readable, concise, and informative book. Organized alphabetically with brief articles ranging in length from a single paragraph to over four pages, the book is illustrated with black-and-white photographs, maps, and reproductions. The text will answer readers' questions and probably inspire further research. Almost every article is cross-referenced and contains a bibliography. Minor problems include occasional moments of editorializing and some quirkiness in the discussion of "Motion Pictures." Although the information presented is pretty standard and much of it might be found in a good encyclopedia, students will find it helpful to have everything in one easy-to-use volume.

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2,0 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

William L. O'Neill - World War II, A Student Compa nion (1999).pdf

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13 gru 18 15:43

Greenwood Guides to Historic Events 1500-1900 - Ro bert D. Linder - The Reformation Era (2007).jpg

Although religious unrest had been brewing in Western Europe long before Martin Luther nailed his Ninety-Five Theses to the door of the Castle Church in Wittenberg, Germany, historians view this event as the tipping point that shattered the unity of Medieval Catholic civilization. Disillusioned by Church bureaucracy and a papal schism, and encouraged by the formation of early nation states and the rise of Renaissance Humanism, Western Europe was primed for an alternative to the old order. The reforms of what eventually became the Lutherans, Calvinists, Anglicans, and Radical Anabaptists called for a return to scripture and a focus on individual faith. The counterreformation on the part of the Catholic Church brought about a new focus on spirituality that culminated in the Council of Trent. The event that Linder calls "Midwife to the Modern World" still resonates today, in modern spiritual revivals, religious debates, and newer Church reforms. Illuminated by primary source documents from the period, a timeline, a glossary, and biographies of key figures, this volume is an ideal reference source for any student of the past, and the present.

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18,5 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Greenwood Guides to Historic Events 1500-1900 - Ro bert D. Linder - The Reformation Era (2007).pdf

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13 gru 18 15:43

D. W. Harding - Archaeology of Celtic Art (2007).jpg

More wide ranging, both geographically and chronologically, than any previous study, this well-illustrated book offers a new definition of Celtic art.
Tempering the much-adopted art-historical approach, Harding argues for a broader definition of Celtic art and views it within a much wider archaeological context. He re-asserts ancient Celtic identity after a decade of deconstruction in English-language archaeology. Harding argues that there were communities in Iron Age Europe that were identified historically as Celts, regarded themselves as Celtic, or who spoke Celtic languages, and that the art of these communities may reasonably be regarded as Celtic art. This new study will be indispensable for those people wanting to take a fresh and innovative perspective on Celtic Art.

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137 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Eric H Mielants - The Origins of Capitalism and th e Rise of the West (2007).jpg

Eric Mielants provides a fresh, interdisciplinary interpretation of the origins of modernity in general and of capitalism in particular. He argues that, contrary to established thinking, the "Rise of the West" should not be examined through the lens of the Industrial Revolution or the colonization of the New World but viewed through long-term developments that began in the Middle Ages. A fascinating overview of civilizations in East Asia, South Asia, and northwestern Africa is provided and then systematically compared to developments in Europe at the same time. Utilizing this analysis, the book addresses some of the most important current debates in world history, comparative sociology, political economy, sociological theory and historical sociology. Mielants uncovers the ways that existing theories (such as Marxism, World-Systems Theory, and Smithian Modernization Theory) have suffered from either Eurocentric or limited temporal and spatial analyses, preventing them from fully explaining the reasons behind the emergence of capitalism in Western Europe.

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12,0 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Eric H Mielants - The Origins of Capitalism and th e Rise of the West (2007) [PDF].rar

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13 gru 18 15:43

Ian Speller - Royal Navy and Maritime Power in the Twentieth Century (2004).jpg

This book adopts an innovative new approach to examine the role of maritime power and the utility of navies. It uses a number of case studies based upon key Royal Navy operations in the twentieth century to draw out enduring principles about maritime power and to examine the strengths and limitations of maritime forces as instruments of national policy. Individual chapters focus on campaigns and operations from both World Wars and a series of post-1945 crises and conflicts from the Palestine Patrol in the 1940s to Royal Navy operations in support of British policy in the 1990s. Each case study demonstrates critical features of maritime power including: operations during the transition to war; fleet operations in narrow seas; logistics; submarine operations; the impact of air power on maritime operations; blockade; maritime power projection; amphibious warfare; jurisdictional disputes and the law of the sea; and, peace support operations. The contributors to this book all have considerable experience lecturing on these issues at the United Kingdom Joint Services Command and Staff College, where maritime campaign analysis is used to teach the principles of maritime power to officers of the Royal Navy. The book combines an authoritative examination of critical Royal Navy operations during the twentieth century with a sophisticated analysis of the nature of maritime power. As such it is of both historical interest and contemporary relevance and will prove equally valuable to academic historians, military professionals and the general reader.

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10,0 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Ian Speller - Royal Navy and Maritime Power in the Twentieth Century (2004).pdf

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13 gru 18 15:43

Richard L. Smith - Premodern Trade in World Histor y (2008).jpg

Trade and commerce are among the oldest, most pervasive, and most important of human activities, serving as engines for change in many other human endeavors. This far-reaching study examines the key theme of trading in world history, from the earliest signs of trade until the long-distance trade systems such as the famous Silk Road were firmly established. Beginning with a general background on the mechanism of trade, Richard L. Smith addresses such basic issues as how and why people trade, and what purpose trade serves. The book then traces the development of long-distance trade, from its beginnings in the Paleolithic and Neolithic periods through early river valley civilizations and the rise of great empires, to the evolution of vast trade systems that tied different zones together.

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13 gru 18 15:43

Richard L. Smith - Premodern Trade in World Histor y (2008).pdf

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13 gru 18 15:43

Jacob M. Landau - Pan-Turkism, From Irredentism to Cooperation (1995).jpg

"Landau's book is important in several respects... it provides exhaustive information on almost every pan-Turk publication and all of its authors and publicists. Landau appears to have consulted every conceivable source, including archives and collections... In addition, the book is useful to students of pan-nationalism and nationalism, for Landau also expertly places all his information into a larger theoretical context. This contribution to the literature is invaluable." -- Journal of Developing Areas
"... a most worthwhile work,... It... deserves to be in all library collections on the Middle East." -- Perspectives on Political Science
"Landau has provided an up-to-date compendium of facts concerning the history of these nationalist ideas and movements. Students of nationalism in general and the politics of post-Soviet Central Asia and the Turkish Republic in particular will remain greatly indebted to [Landau] for some considerable time." -- American Political Science Review
An examination of relations between Turks in Turkey and their kin abroad -- in Cyprus, the Balkans, and especially in the six ex-Soviet Muslim republics in the Caucasus and Central Asia. This book delineates the special relationship between the new republics and Turkey, which has altered the essence of Pan-Turkism from militant irredentism to practical solidarity in matters political, economic, and cultural.

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12,5 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Jacob M. Landau - Pan-Turkism, From Irredentism to Cooperation (1995).pdf

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13 gru 18 15:43

Adam Fergusson - When money dies, The nightmare of the Weimar collapse (1975).jpg

When Money Dies is the classic history of what happens when a nation’s currency depreciates beyond recovery. In 1923, with its currency effectively worthless (the exchange rate in December of that year was one dollar to 4,200,000,000,000 marks), the German republic was all but reduced to a barter economy. Expensive cigars, artworks, and jewels were routinely exchanged for staples such as bread; a cinema ticket could be bought for a lump of coal; and a bottle of paraffin for a silk shirt. People watched helplessly as their life savings disappeared and their loved ones starved. Germany’s finances descended into chaos, with severe social unrest in its wake.
Money may no longer be physically printed and distributed in the voluminous quantities of 1923. However, “quantitative easing,” that modern euphemism for surreptitious deficit financing in an electronic era, can no less become an assault on monetary discipline. Whatever the reason for a country’s deficit—necessity or profligacy, unwillingness to tax or blindness to expenditure—it is beguiling to suppose that if the day of reckoning is postponed economic recovery will come in time to prevent higher unemployment or deeper recession. What if it does not? Germany in 1923 provides a vivid, compelling, sobering moral tale.

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142 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Woodruff D. Smith - Politics and the Sciences of C ulture in Germany, 1840-1920 (1991).jpg

Examining the ways in which politics and ideology stimulate and shape changes in human science, this book focuses on the cultural sciences in nineteenth and early twentieth-century Germany. The book argues that many of the most important theoretical directions in German cultural science had their origins in a process by which a general pattern of social scientific thinking, one that was closely connected to political liberalism and dominant in Germany (and elsewhere) before the mid-nineteenth century, fragmented in the face of the political troubles of German liberalism after that time. Some liberal social scientists who wanted to repair both liberalism and the liberal theoretical pattern, and others who wanted to replace them with something more conservative, turned to the concept of culture as the focus of their intellectual endeavors. Later generations of intellectuals repeated the process, motivated in large part by the experiences of liberalism as a political movement in the German Empire. Within this framework, the book discusses the formation of diffusionism in German anthropology, Friedrich Ratzel's theory of Lebensraum, folk psychology, historical economics, and cultural history. It also relates these developments to German imperialism, the rise of radical nationalism, and the upheaval in German social science at the turn of the century.

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21,8 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Woodruff D. Smith - Politics and the Sciences of C ulture in Germany, 1840-1920 (1991).pdf

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13 gru 18 15:43

Osprey - Essential Histories special 04 - Gregory Fremont-Barnes, Todd Fisher - The Napoleonic Wars, The Rise and Fall of an Empire (2004).jpg

All History1 - Osprey - Essential Histories special 04 - Gregory Fre...Napoleonic Wars, The Rise and Fall of an Empire 2004.jpg

The Napoleonic Wars saw fighting on an unprecedented scale in Europe and the Americas. It took the wealth of the British Empire, combined with the might of the continental armies, almost two decades to bring down one of the world’s greatest military leaders and the empire that he had created. Napoleon's ultimate defeat was to determine the history of Europe for almost 100 years. From the frozen wastelands of Russia, through the brutal fighting in the Peninsula to the blood-soaked battlefield of Waterloo, this book tells the story of the dramatic rise and fall of the Napoleonic Empire. This book contains material previously published as Essential Histories volumes 3, 9, 17 and 39.

Contents
The rise of the Emperor 1805-1807 · The empires fight back 1808-1812 · The Peninsular War 1807-1814 · The fall of the French empire 1813-1815

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312 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Brian Lavery - The Arming and Fitting of English S hips of War 1600-1815 (1988).jpg

This is a vast collection of information, fully illustrated with photos of models and contemporary engravings, outlining developments as they were made in the English man-of-war. Lifestyles, customs, and fighting tactics, and their relationship to changes in architecture and fittings, are also covered.

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191,9 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Brian Lavery - The Arming and Fitting of English S hips of War 1600-1815 (1988).pdf

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13 gru 18 15:43

Robert Mallett - Mussolini and the Origins of the Second World War, 1933 - 1940 (2003).jpg

This new study re-examines the controversial debate on Fascist Italy's road to international conflict that has raged for six decades. The author's privileged access to until now unseen archival materials allows him to assess the ideological, geopolitical, domestic and strategic considerations that shaped Mussolini's alliance with Hitler, and his subsequent decision to wage war against Great Britain and France in June 1940.

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0,9 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Robert Mallett - Mussolini and the Origins of the Second World War, 1933 - 1940 (2003).pdf

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13 gru 18 15:43

Carroll Quigley - Tragedy And Hope, A History of t he World in Our Time (1975).jpg

The late Dr. Carroll Quigley, professor was a professor of history at the Foreign Service School of Georgetown University. He was, as his book reflects, brilliant, egotistical and opinionated. He also was a confirmed socialist who believed the world could be a better place if the educated elite ruled.

Former President Clinton said in 1992: "...As a student at Georgetown, I heard that call clarified by a professor named Carroll Quigley, who said to us that America was the greatest country in the history of the world because our people have always believed in two things: that tomorrow can be better than today and that every one of us has a personal, moral responsibility to make it so."

Unfortunately, Dr. Quigley revealed the game plan of the elite when the elite (a shy group by nature and not at all given to republican government) didn't want it publicized. Far from wanting to hide this "network" (as he called it), Quigley was proud of it.

"I know of the operations of this network because I have studied it for twenty years and was permitted for two years, in the early 1960's, to examine its papers and secret records. I have no aversion to it or to most of its aims and have, for much of my life, been close to it and to many of its instruments. I have objected, both in the past and recently, to a few of its policies...but in general my chief difference of opinion is that it wishes to remain unknown, and I believe its role in history is significant enough to be known."

Thus, unfortunately, Tragedy and Hope was pulled from bookshelves nationwide and recalled faster than an exploding Easter Bunny, never to be published again, except for a highly abbreviated edition. But if you can pick up a copy of this book, you'll find how things often worked behind the scenes of government and the worldwide ambitions of "the network."

If you simply want to know about the network and how it operated up until this book was published, I recommend Dr. W. Cleon Skousen's "Naked Capitalist," which I believe is still in print.

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