The CIA and the British secret service MI6, in collaboration with the military alliance NATO and European military secret services set up a network of clandestine anticommunist armies in Western Europe after World War II. The secret soldiers were trained on remote islands in the Mediterranean and in unorthodox warfare centers in England and in the United States by the Green Berets and SAS Special Forces. The network was armed with explosives, machine guns and high-tech communication equipment hidden in underground bunkers and secret arms caches in forests and mountain meadows. In some countries, the secret army linked up with right-wing terrorists who in a secret war engaged in political manipulation, harassment of left wing parties, massacres, coup d'etats and torture.

Codenamed "Gladio" ('the sword'), the Italian secret army was exposed in 1990 by Italian Prime Minister Giulio Andreotti to the Italian Senate, whereupon the press spoke of the "the best kept, and most damaging, political-military secret since World War II" (Observer, 18. November 1990) and observed that "The story seems straight from the pages of a political thriller." (The Times, November 19, 1990). Ever since, so-called 'stay-behind' armies of NATO have also been discovered in France, Spain, Portugal, Germany, Belgium, the Netherlands, Luxemburg, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Switzerland, Austria, Greece and Turkey. They were internationally coordinated by the Pentagon and NATO and had their last known meeting in the NATO-linked Allied Clandestine Committee (ACC) in Brussels in October 1990.

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Daniele Ganser - NATO's Secret Army; Operation Gla dio and Terrorism in Western Europe (2005).pdf

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Osprey PL - WBH 19 - Gordon L. Rottman - Bitwa pod Inczhon 1950 (2010).jpg

Książka przybliżająca najciekawszą operację desantową przeprowadzoną od czasu zakończenia II wojny światowej, jaką bez wątpienia było lądowanie sił ONZ pod Inczhon, które zakończyło się spektakularnym sukcesem. Dnia 25 czerwca 1950 r. wojska Korei Północnej działające w imię zjednoczenia państwa przekroczyły linię demarkacyjną biegnącą wzdłuż 38 równoleżnika. Całkowicie zaskoczona, mniejsza liczebnie i pozbawiona wojsk pancernych armia Korei Południowej nie była w stanie przeciwstawić się agresorowi. Prezydent Li Syngman zaapelował o pomoc do Organizacji Narodów Zjednoczonych. Rada Bezpieczeństwa ONZ przegłosowała wniosek o udzielenie Korei Południowej pomocy wojskowej.

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Patrick Morgan, Keith Nelson - Re-Viewing the Cold War; Domestic Factors and Foreign Policy in the E ast-West Confrontation (2000).jpg

Communism - Patrick Morgan, Keith Nelson - Re-Viewing the Cold War...nd Foreign Policy in the East-West Confrontation 2000.jpg

A cooperative effort by a number of historians and political scientists, this essay collection focuses on the important connection between domestic affairs and foreign relations during the Cold War. The case studies treat phases of both the Soviet and American experiences and involve contributions by two Russian scholars, three Americans, a German, a Swede, and an Israeli.A cooperative effort by a number of historians and political scientists, this essay collection focuses on the important connection between domestic affairs and foreign relations during the Cold War. The case studies treat phases of both the Soviet and American experiences and involve contributions by two Russian scholars, three Americans, a German, a Swede, and an Israeli.

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Patrick Morgan, Keith Nelson - Re-Viewing the Cold War; Domestic Factors and Foreign Policy in the E ast-West Confrontation (2000).pdf

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Ajay Kumar Singh - Naxalism in Bihar (2007).jpg

In Bihar, nothing escapes the clutches of cast, not even the so-called class based struggle. It is believed that the Naxal movement started in Bihar as early as in 1967, in a sleepy village of Ekwari in Bhojpur district by Jagadish Mahato who, with the help from the firebrands Naxal leaders, led a war against landlords. He was supported by the lower caste land tillers.

But the Naxal movement in Bihar actually came to national attention in the 1980s with the advent of a group called the Maoist Communist Centre (MCC). It was notorious for its acts of violence, especially in Central Bihar. From the late ‘80s to the early ‘90s, the MCC hit Bihar with major acts of violence in places like Gaya, Aurangabad and Chapra in which Bhumihars, Rajputs, policemen and politicians were brutally killed. In Bihar, the Naxal movement did not remain a struggle for the poor but degenerated into a caste conflict as cadre were created on the basis of hatred against the rich and influential castes.

The Maoist Communist Centre had become so powerful in certain areas that they ran a parallel government, even handing out orders of beheading the ‘guilty’. On March 21, 2004 the Naxal movement in Bihar got a tremendous boost with the two heavyweights, the MCC and the People’s War Group (PWG), going in for a merger. They are now called the CPI (Maoists).

The MCC & the PWG were cleansing the society of landlords and the rich property owners. It became difficult for them to survive. To counter the forces of Naxals, the rich landlords formed various private armies, one of them being the dreaded Ranvir Sena. The Sena perpetrated atrocities in Naxal-infested areas and targeted the poor land farmers and other lower castes. The political parties joined hands with these gangs, leading to the emergence of ‘bahubalis’ and importance of muscle & money power in Bihar’s politics.

The Naxals tried to enter mainstream in 2000 when panchayati polls were held after 23 years. They managed to get elected on at least 6 seats, but were later overthrown, indicating the frustration of the people.

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Ajay Kumar Singh - Naxalism in Bihar (2007).pdf

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László Békési - Stalinova Válka; Sovětské Uniformy a Militárie 1941-45 (2007).jpg

Communism - Lszló Bksi - Stalinova Vlka Sovtsk Uniformy a Militrie 1941-45 2007.jpg

Stalin's war: Soviet uniforms and militaria 1941-45.

Tato kniha vysvětluje sovětskou vojenskou symboliku od raných dnů sovětského státu, ale klíčové období jejího zájmu je mezi lety 1943 a 1945, kdy Stalin vědomě oživil mnohé tradice z carské historie, aby proti nacistickým vetřelcům rozdmýchal plamen ruského vlastenectví. (sovětské uniformy a militárie 1941-45).

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László Békési - Stalinova Válka; Sovětské Uniformy a Militárie 1941-45 (2007).pdf

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László Békési, György Török - Sovětské Uniformy a Militárie 1917-1991 (2008).jpg

Communism - Lszló Bksi, Gyrgy Trk - Sovtsk Uniformy a Militrie 1917-1991 2008.jpg

Soviet uniforms & militaria 1917-1991 in colour photographs.

První ucelený přehled sovětských uniforem a militarií od VŘSR až do rozpadu sovětského impéria. Po něm se zahraničním historikům otevřely ruské archívy a západní badatelé se tak měli možnost dostat i k ukázkám jim dříve nedostupných vojenských uniforem a militarií. Publikace čtenářům představí na 80 originálních uniforem jak z období před 2. světovou válkou, tak i z Velké vlastenecké války a následně i z let 1945 až 1991. Snímky jsou navíc doplněny detaily pokrývek hlavy, odznaků, vyznamenání, zbraní a dobovými pohlednicemi. Cennou devízou této knihy je 100 vybraných a dosud nezveřejněných snímků ze soukromých ruských sbírek (Ministerstvo obrany SSSR, Rudá armáda, námořnictvo, námořní pěchota, letectvo & výsadkové jednotky)

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László Békési, György Török - Sovětské Uniformy a Militárie 1917-1991 (2008).pdf

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Gerald M. Easter - Reconstructing the State; Perso nal Networks and Elite Identity in Soviet Russia ( 2000).jpg

Why do some state building efforts succeed when others fail? Using newly available archival sources, this book presents a new explanation for the rise and subsequent collapse of the Soviet state. The study explains how personal networks and elite identity served as informal sources of power that influenced state strength. Reconstructing the State also offers new interpretations of how the weak Bolshevik state extended its reach to a vast rural and multi-ethnic periphery as well as the dynamics of the center-regional conflict in the 1930s that culminated in the Great Terror

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Gerald M. Easter - Reconstructing the State; Perso nal Networks and Elite Identity in Soviet Russia ( 2000).pdf

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Andrew G. Walder - Fractured Rebellion; The Beijin g Red Guard Movement (2009).jpg

Fractured Rebellion is the first full-length account of the evolution of China’s Red Guard Movement in Beijing, the nation’s capital, from its beginnings in 1966 to its forcible suppression in 1968. Andrew Walder combines historical narrative with sociological analysis as he explores the radical student movement’s crippling factionalism, devastating social impact, and ultimate failure.
Most accounts of the movement have portrayed a struggle among Red Guards as a social conflict that pitted privileged “conservative” students against socially marginalized “radicals” who sought to change an oppressive social and political system. Walder employs newly available documentary evidence and the recent memoirs of former Red Guard leaders and members to demonstrate that on both sides of the bitter conflict were students from comparable socioeconomic backgrounds, who shared similar—largely defensive—motivations. The intensity of the conflict and the depth of the divisions were an expression of authoritarian political structures that continued to exert an irresistible pull on student motives and actions, even in the midst of their rebellion.
Walder’s nuanced account challenges the main themes of an entire generation of scholarship about the social conflicts of China’s Cultural Revolution, shedding light on the most tragic and poorly understood period of recent Chinese history.

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Andrew G. Walder - Fractured Rebellion; The Beijin g Red Guard Movement (2009).pdf

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John E. Moore - The Soviet Navy Today (1976).jpg

The object of this book is to provide a from of reference on a navy which has grown from an ill-assorted bunch of ships with very little operational value to be one of the two most powerful navies in the world in under thirty years.

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John E. Moore - The Soviet Navy Today (1976).pdf

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Beverley Best - Marx and the Dynamic of the Capita l Formation; An Aesthetics of Political Economy (2 010).jpg

This study offers a close examination of Marxs dialectical method of analysis through the lens of current debates in cultural studies, political economy, and critical sociology. It seeks to reanimate Marxs theoretical reconstruction of the capitalist formation from the point of view of recent and emerging social dynamics within advanced consumer economies

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Beverley Best - Marx and the Dynamic of the Capita l Formation; An Aesthetics of Political Economy (2 010).pdf

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Michael Jay Friedman - The Berlin Wall; 20 Years L ater (2009).jpg

The Berlin Wall — symbol of a divided city within a divided nation within a divided continent — marked the geopolitical and ideological cleavage of Cold War Europe. Its demise marked the triumph of western models of personal autonomy and economic entrepreneurialism, and of the desire to live in freedom. Among the voices gathered here are those of leading scholars, a dissident from a time when dissent required real bravery, and a journalist who was there when the walls came down all through Eastern Europe.

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Michael Jay Friedman - The Berlin Wall; 20 Years L ater (2009).pdf

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Mark Steinberg - History of Russia; From Peter the Great to Gorbachev (2003).jpg

This course focuses on 300 years of Russian history from Peter the Great to Gorbachev by examining the lives of the men and women who, in fact, were Russia. This is history told through biography.

You examine key individuals and groups, the contexts in which they thought and acted, and their driving ideas.

Topics include the revolution of Peter the Great, Catherine the Great, the Decembrist Uprising, Belinskii and the early years of Russian Socialism, Alexander II, Nicholas II, Stalin, Gorbachev, and Communism, among others.

Professor Steinberg draws on his own years of experience as an author, a student in the Soviet Union in the 1980s, and, more recently, as a world-class historian granted access to once-secret government archives.

Course Lecture Titles

01-01 Understanding the Russian Past
02-01 The Russia of Peter the Great's Childhood
03-01 Peter the Great's Revolution
04-01 The Age of Empresses - Catherine the Great
05-01 Social Rebellion - The Purgachev Uprising
06-01 Moral Rebellion - Nikolai Novikov
07-01 Alexander I - Imagining Reform
08-01 The Decembrist Rebellion
09-01 Nicholas I - Orthodoxy, Autocracy, Nationality
10-01 Alexander Pushkin, Russia's National Poet
11-01 The Birth of the Intelligentsia
12-01 Westernizers - Vissarion Belinskii
13-01 Alexander II and the Great Reforms
14-01 "Nihilists"
15-01 Populists and Marxists
16-01 Paths to Revolution - Lenin and Martov
17-01 Lev Tolstoy
18-01 The Reign of Alexander III
19-01 Nicholas II, The Last Tsar
20-01 The Revolution of 1905
21-01 Peasant Life and Culture
22-01 The Modern City and Its Discontents
23-01 Fin-de-Siecle Culture - Decadence and Iconoclasm
24-01 Fin-de-Siecle Culture - The Religious Renaissance
25-01 War and Revolution
26-01 Democratic Russia - 1917
27-01 Bolsheviks in Power
28-01 Civil War
29-01 Paths to Socialism - the 1920s
30-01 Joseph Stalin
31-01 Stalin's Revolution
32-01 Joy and Terror - Society and Culture in the 1930s
33-01 The "Great Patriotic War"
34-01 The Soviet Union After Stalin
35-01 Private and Public Dissidence
36-01 Mikhail Gorbachev - Perestroika and Glasnost

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Hail to the Soviets! (1920).jpg

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Hail to the Soviets! (1920).pdf

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Loung Ung - First They Killed My Father; A Daughte r of Cambodia Remembers (2000).jpg

Written in the present tense, First They Killed My Father will put you right in the midst of the action--action you'll wish had never happened. It's a tough read, but definitely a worthwhile one, and the author's personality and strength shine through on every page. Covering the years from 1975 to 1979, the story moves from the deaths of multiple family members to the forced separation of the survivors, leading ultimately to the reuniting of much of the family, followed by marriages and immigrations. The brutality seems unending--beatings, starvation, attempted rape, mental cruelty--and yet the narrator (a young girl) never stops fighting for escape and survival. Sad and courageous, her life and the lives of her young siblings provide quite a powerful example of how war can so deeply affect children--especially a war in which they are trained to be an integral part of the armed forces. For anyone interested in Cambodia's recent history, this book shares a valuable personal view of events.

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Mieczysław Wełna - Katalog Odznak i Oznak Ludowego Wojska Polskego (1989).jpg

Katalog Zawiery opisy odznak i oznaczeń używanych prze Wojsko polskie w czasie PRL.

Spis treści ( w skrócie):
Przedmowa
Wykaz skrótów
I Odznaki wojskowe ustanowione przez sejm PRL lub Radę Państwa
II Odznaki ustanowione lub zatwierdzone przez Ministerstwo Obrony Narodowej
- Odznaki honorowe i pamiątkowe
- Odznaki Centrum Wyszkolenia i kursów wojskowych
- Odznaki akademii wojskowych
- Odznaki szkół oficerskich - 1945-1956
- Odznaki szkół oficerskich - 1947-1950
- Odznaki szkół oficerskich - 1952-1965
- Odznaki wyższych szkół oficerskich oraz szkół oficerów rezerwy - 1972
- Odznaki szkół chorążych i podoficerskich oraz Wieczorowego Uniwersytetu Marksizmu-Leninizmu
- Odznaki wzorowego dowódcy i szefa pododdziału oraz słuchaczy szkół wojskowych - 1973
- Odznaki wzorowych żołnierzy i specjalistów wojskowych
- Odznaki specjalistów lotniczych
- Odznaki skoczków spadochronowych
- Odznaki wojsk powietrzno-desantowych
- Odznaki wojsk obrony powietrznej kraju
- Wojskowe odznaki sprawności fizycznej
III Odznaki wyróżniające (za zasługi) oraz pamiątkowe (wybór)
IV Orzełki i emblematy na czapki wojskowe
V Oznaki korpusów osobowych oraz szkół wojskowych
- Orzełki marszałków i generałów
- Oznaki korpusów osobowych wojsk lądowych i lotniczych
- Oznaki szkolne podchorążych, kadetów i elewów szkół wojskowych
VI Oznaki organizacyjne i rozpoznawcze rodzajów wojski i służb oraz oznaki wyróżniające specjalistów wojskowych
- Oznaki organizacyjne i rozpoznawcze
- Emblematy i oznaki wyróżniające
- Oznaki rozpoznawcze rodzajów wojska i służb
- Oznaki specjalistów wojskowych wojsk lądowych, lotniczych i Marynarki Wojennej
- Oznaki specjalistów wojsk lądowych
- Oznaki specjalistów wojskowych wojsk lotniczych i obrony powietrznej kraju
- Oznaki specjalistów wojskowych Marynarki Wojennej
- Oznaki noszone w latach 1952-1971
- Oznaki wprowadzone w 1973r.
- Oznaki z 1973r. z tłoczonymi cyframi 1, 2, 3 lub literą M
VII Tablice ilustracyjne

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Mieczysław Wełna - Katalog Odznak i Oznak Ludowego Wojska Polskego (1989).rar

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John S. Dryzek, Leslie Templeman Holmes - Post-Com munist Democratization; Political Discourses Acros s Thirteen Countries (2002).jpg

Communism - John S. Dryzek, Leslie Templeman Holmes - Post-Communi...n Political Discourses Across Thirteen Countries 2002.jpg

The study of the democratic transitions of former Communist states has been fertile ground for students of politics. This book provides a novel "ground up" perspective by examining the ways in which ordinary people have viewed and responded to democracy. Examining a number of countries at different stages of transition, they argue that democracy has been understood differently in different places and with varying levels of approval. The authors define their research within the context of each country's history and relate their analysis to future prospects for reform.

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John S. Dryzek, Leslie Templeman Holmes - Post-Com munist Democratization; Political Discourses Acros s Thirteen Countries (2002).pdf

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Osprey PL - WBH 14 - Carter Malkasian - Wojna Kore ańska 1950-53 (2010).jpg

W latach 1950-53 na Półwyspie Koreańskim toczyła się wojna, w którą zaangażowały się światowe mocarstwa. Sytuacja międzynarodowa była jeszcze bardziej napięta niż podczas kryzysu kubańskiego i wydawało się, że trzecia wojna światowa może wybuch nąć w każdym momencie. Obie strony podejrzewały, że wojna w Korei jest wstępem do większego i groźniejszego konfliktu na skalę światową. Po raz pierwszy i ostatni w historii zimnej wojny na polu bitwy spotkały się jednocześnie Chiny i Związek Radziecki z jednej strony i Stany Zjednoczone wraz z zachodnioeuropejskimi sojusznikami z drugiej. Armie Chin brały udział w wielkich starciach lądowych z wojskami ONZ. O dominację w powietrzu nad Koreą Północną walczyły samoloty chińskie, radzieckie i amerykańskie. W Korei zmagali się nie tylko pomniejsi sojusznicy światowych potęg, jak później w Wietnamie czy Afganistanie, lecz same światowe mocarstwa* Konflikt ten zmienił stosunki między Wschodem a Zachodem i miał kluczowe znaczenie dla zmiany sposobu prowadzenia wojen.

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Antorek96 napisano 11.05.2014 09:29

ZAPRASZAM PO KWALIFIKACJE DO GP HISZPANII

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Link: tech-byte.tk/kijd

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Zapraszam po:

*Muzyczne nowosci ! *Pelne dyskografie*Aplikacje na ANDROIDA * Audiobooki *Diety i gimnastyka odchudzajaca * Dystrybucje LINUXA *Dobre i sprawdzone programy *Nauka jezykow * Gry na PC *Szeroki wybór kultowych seriali *Filmy polskie * dokumentalne * religijne * ....... BOLLYWOOD

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