Its duration and depth made the Depression "Great," and Shlaes, a prominent conservative economics journalist, considers why a decade of government intervention ameliorated but never tamed it. With vitality uncommon for an economics history, Shlaes chronicles the projects of Herbert Hoover and Franklin Roosevelt as well as these projects' effect on those who paid for them. Reminding readers that the reputedly do-nothing Hoover pulled hard on the fiscal levers (raising tariffs, increasing government spending), Shlaes nevertheless emphasizes that his enthusiasm for intervention paled against the ebullient FDR's glee in experimentation. She focuses closely on the influence of his fabled Brain Trust, her narrative shifting among Raymond Moley, Rexford Tugwell, and other prominent New Dealers. Businesses that litigated their resistance to New Deal regulations attract Shlaes' attention, as do individuals who coped with the despair of the 1930s through self-help, such as Alcoholics Anonymous cofounder Bill Wilson. The book culminates in the rise of Wendell Willkie, and Shlaes' accent on personalities is an appealing avenue into her skeptical critique of the New Deal.

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Lightning Over Water; Sharpening America's Light F orces for Rapid Missions (2001).jpg

As the world continues its post-Cold War thaw, fears of major theater-levelwar have given way to a reality of increased numbers of smaller regionalconflicts and crises. There is a growing need for a quickly deploying,rapid-reaction capability-in particular, U.S. Army light forces-to directlyrespond to these events. To address this need, both the Secretary of theArmy and the Chief of Staff of the Army are calling for developing forcesthat are strategically responsive across the full spectrum of militaryoperations. Although there is new dialogue on what might be done, there isalso considerable research that has examined many of the issues now coming to light, such as, "How might light forces be changed to offer greater rapid-reaction capability?" This executive summary synthesizes research drawn from numerous studies conducted by the authors in the past few years on the topic of improving light air-deployable forces.

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Lightning Over Water; Sharpening America's Light F orces for Rapid Missions (2001).pdf

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Susan Yoshihara - Waging War to Make Peace; U.S. I ntervention in Global Conflicts (2010).jpg

Written by a combat veteran who also served on the faculty of the Naval War College, Waging War to Make Peace: U.S. Intervention in Global Conflicts is a thought-provoking analysis of the decision to make war in the modern world. The subject is examined through the lens of the decision-making of four NATO nations—Britain, France, Germany, and the United States—in the 1999 Kosovo campaign compared to their decisions in 2003 regarding the Iraq war.What emerges is a picture of how the bitter dispute over Iraq was the result of disagreements about who has the authority to wage war, when it is justified, and whether nations have an obligation to intervene in the case of human rights and humanitarian emergencies. The book shows how those who enthusiastically hailed a new era of warfare based upon human rights and humanitarian values misjudged the significance of the Kosovo decision, and it underscores issues with which leaders must come to grips if NATO allies are to avoid broader disputes in the years ahead.

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Susan Yoshihara - Waging War to Make Peace; U.S. I ntervention in Global Conflicts (2010).pdf

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Henry C. Dethloff - Citizen and Soldier. A Sourceb ook on Military Service and National Defense from Colonial America to the Present (2010).jpg

01 - USA1 - Henry C. Dethloff - Citizen and Soldier. A Sourcebook ...nal Defense from Colonial America to the Present 2010.jpg

Americans grow up expecting that in a time of need, their country can depend on its people for volunteer service to the military. Indeed, this has been a social and at times legal expectation for the citizenship of this country since 1776. Yet, since the end of World War II United States forces have been caught up in many long term military engagements, and the military aspect of citizenship has become an increasingly marginalized one in a world where only a minority of citizens even vote. Citizen and Soldier: A Sourcebook on Military Service and National Defense from Colonial America to the Present provides a useful framework and supporting documentary evidence for an informed discussion of the development of the American ideal of the "Citizen Soldier". Presented with insightful introductions and useful discussion questions, this concise collection of 27 primary documents takes a close look at the United States military and shows how it became entwined with the rise of American national identity.

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Henry C. Dethloff - Citizen and Soldier. A Sourceb ook on Military Service and National Defense from Colonial America to the Present (2010).pdf

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Joshua Berrett - Louis Armstrong and Paul Whiteman ; Two Kings of Jazz.jpg

A dual biography of two great innovators in the history of jazz. One was black, one was white—one is now legendary, the other nearly forgotten. In Louis Armstrong and Paul Whiteman the jazz scholar Joshua Berrett offers a provocative revision of the history of early jazz by focusing on two of its most notable practitioners—Whiteman, legendary in his day, and Armstrong, a legend ever since.Paul Whiteman’s fame was unmatched throughout the twenties. Bix Beiderbecke, Bing Crosby, and Jimmy and Tommy Dorsey honed their craft on his bandstand. Celebrated as the “King of Jazz” in 1930 in a Universal Studios feature film, Whiteman’s imperium has declined considerably since. The legend of Louis Armstrong, in contrast, grows ever more lustrous: for decades it has been Armstrong, not Whiteman, who has worn the king’s crown. This dual biography explores these diverging legacies in the context of race, commerce, and the history of early jazz. Early jazz, Berrett argues, was not a story of black innovators and white usurpers. In this book, a much richer, more complicated story emerges—a story of cross-influences, sidemen, sundry movers and shakers who were all part of a collective experience that transcended the category of race. In the world of early jazz, Berrett contends, kingdoms had no borders.Joshua Berrett is the author of The Louis Armstrong Companion: Eight Decades of Commentary and co-author of The Musical World of J.J. Johnson. His articles have been published in Journal of Jazz Studies, The Musical Quarterly, American Music and The Black Perspective in Music. He is professor of music at Mercy College.

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Amy H. Sturgis - The Trail of Tears and Indian Rem oval (2006).jpg

In 1838, the U.S. Government began to forcibly relocate thousands of Cherokees from their homelands in Georgia to the Western territories. The event the Cherokees called "The Trail Where They Cried" meant their own loss of life, sovereignty, and property. Moreover, it allowed visions of Manifest Destiny to contradict the government's previous "civilization campaign" policy toward American Indians. The tortuous journey West was one of the final blows causing a division within the Cherokee nation itself, over civilization and identity, tradition and progress, east and west. The Trail of Tears also introduced an era of Indian removal that reshaped the face of Native America geographically, politically, economically, and socially. Engaging thematic chapters explore the events surrounding the Trail of Tears and the era of Indian removal, including the invention of the Cherokee alphabet, the conflict between the preservation of Cherokee culture and the call to assimilate, Andrew Jackson's "imperial presidency," and the negotiation of legislation and land treaties. Biographies of key figures, an annotated bibliography, and an extensive selection of primary documents round out the work.

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Amy H. Sturgis - The Trail of Tears and Indian Rem oval (2006).pdf

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Civilization of the American Indian - Colin Callow ay - The Western Abenakis of Vermont, 1600-1800; War, Migration, and the Survival of an Indian Peop le (1994).jpg

01 - USA1 - Civilization of the American Indian - Colin Calloway -... Migration, and the Survival of an Indian People 1994.jpg

Calloway (history, Wyoming) draws on an impressive array of letters, journals, government documents, and other primary sources to recount how an Algonquian tribe on the periphery of the Iroquois Confederacy survived the first two centuries of white settlement. Annotation c. Book News, Inc., Portland, OR

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Civilization of the American Indian - Colin Callow ay - The Western Abenakis of Vermont, 1600-1800; War, Migration, and the Survival of an Indian Peop le (1994).pdf

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Erik R. Seeman - The Huron-Wendat Feast Of The Dea d; Indian-European Encounters In Early North Ameri ca (2011).jpg

01 - USA1 - Erik R. Seeman - The Huron-Wendat Feast Of The Dead In...ndian-European Encounters In Early North America 2011.jpg

"Two thousand Wendat (Huron) Indians stood on the edge of an enormous burial pit... they held in their arms the bones of roughly seven hundred deceased friends and family members. The Wendats had lovingly scraped and cleaned the bones of the corpses that had decomposed on the scaffolds. They awaited only the signal from the master of the ritual to place the bones in the pit. This was the great Feast of the Dead."

Witnesses to these Wendat burial rituals were European colonists, French Jesuit missionaries in particular. Rather than being horrified by these unfamiliar native practices, Europeans recognized the parallels between them and their own understanding of death and human remains. Both groups believed that deceased souls traveled to the afterlife; both believed that elaborate mortuary rituals ensured the safe transit of the soul to the supernatural realm; and both believed in the power of human bones.

Appreciating each other's funerary practices allowed the Wendats and French colonists to find common ground where there seemingly would be none. Erik R. Seeman analyzes these encounters, using the Feast of the Dead as a metaphor for broader Indian-European relations in North America. His compelling narrative gives undergraduate students of early America and the Atlantic World a revealing glimpse into this fascinating -- and surprising -- meeting of cultures.

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Frances Densmore - Chippewa Customs (1979).jpg

Frances Densmore, born in 1867, was one of the first ethnologists to specialize in the study of American Indian music and culture. Her book, first published in 1929, remains an authoritative source for the tribal history, customs, legends, traditions, art, music, economy, and leisure activities of the Chippewa Indians of the United States and Canada.

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Frances Densmore - Chippewa Customs (1979).pdf

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Ingham Bruce - English Lakota Dictionary (2001).jpg

The Lakota language is estimated to be spoken by 20,000 people mainly in the states of North and South Dakota. It is reckoned to be the second largest native language in the US after Navajo. This dictionary of 12,000 entries aims to preserve Indian culture and at all points illustrate the use of words in examples, especially syntactic words, whose usage cannot be captured purely by giving an English equivalent. An introduction contains the phonetics, the grammar and the history of Lakota.

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Ingham Bruce - English Lakota Dictionary (2001).pdf

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J.W. Vaughn - Indian Fights New Facts on Seven Enc ounters (2002).jpg

In Indian Fights, J. W. Vaughn gives detailed accounts of the battles, careful descriptions of the battlefields, and interesting asides on the U.S. Army officers and soldiers serving in the West during and after the Civil War. This book provides answers to numerous questions that have long perplexed historians of the West.

Using a metal detector, Vaughn uncovered cartridge cases, bullets, and other debris marking battle conditions, allowing him to reconstruct many little-known battles in detail. He analyzes a number of engagements that occurred around Cheyenne Fork, Wyoming, a popular camping place on the old Bozeman Trail, comparing his findings with the mass of conflicting testimonies, government records, newspaper accounts, and other sources covering the battles.

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J.W. Vaughn - Indian Fights New Facts on Seven Enc ounters (2002).pdf

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Katarzyna Krępulec - Stanisław Supłatowicz, Niezwy kła biografia Sat-Okha (2004).jpg

Stanisław Supłatowicz, Sat-Okh (w języku shawnee Długie Pióro, ur. prawdopodobnie 15 kwietnia 1920 w Kanadzie, zm. 3 lipca 2003 w Gdańsku) − żołnierz AK, pisarz, gawędziarz, artysta.

Urodził się w osadzie Indian w dorzeczu rzeki Mackenzie w Kanadzie. Był synem polskiej uciekinierki z Syberii Stanisławy Supłatowicz, oraz wojennego wodza plemienia Szaunisów (Szawanezów) Leoo-Karko-Ono-Ma (Wysokiego Orła). Wychowywał się wśród Indian do 1936 roku. W 1937 roku przybył wraz z matką do Polski, gdzie zmuszony został do zmiany nazwiska na Stanisław Supłatowicz, matka w tworzonej wówczas metryce zmieniła część jego danych, w tym rok urodzenia i dane ojca, ukrywając jego indiańskie pochodzenie. Zamieszkał w Radomiu.

W czasie kampanii wrześniowej podjął naukę na tajnych kompletach, a po klęsce polskiej armii zaangażował się w działalność w SZP i ZWZ. W 1940 roku został aresztowany przez gestapo i skierowany do obozu koncentracyjnego w Auschwitz. W czasie transportu do obozu wyskoczył z wagonu bydlęcego i uciekł. W czasie ucieczki został ranny, ukrywał się następnie na wsi. Następnie został żołnierzem Armii Krajowej (pseud. Kozak), walczył w III batalionie 72 pułku piechoty AK w rejonie Częstochowy, w Okręgu AK "Jodła". Wielokrotnie ranny, za męstwo w walce odznaczony Krzyżem Walecznych.

Po wojnie za przynależność do AK został aresztowany i uwięziony. Po uwolnieniu przez wiele lat pływał jako marynarz na statkach Polskich Linii Oceanicznych, w tym na MS Batory. Osiadł na stałe w Gdańsku, założył rodzinę.

W 1958 roku zaczął pisać książki odnoszące się do swojej indiańskiej przeszłości, tłumaczone na wiele języków świata. W latach 70. uczestnik licznych spotkań autorskich i telewizyjnych programów dla młodzieży ("Teleranek", "Ekran z bratkiem"). Uważany za jednego z pionierów ruchu indianistów w Polsce, współtwórcę i czołową postać nieformalnego Polskiego Ruchu Przyjaciół Indian (PRPI). Zajmował się także wyrobem indiańskiego rękodzieła, malował, pisał też wspólnie z Yackta-Oya.

Zmarł 3 lipca 2003 roku w Szpitalu Marynarki Wojennej w Gdańsku, a 8 lipca został pochowany na cmentarzu "Srebrzysko".

Prywatne Muzeum Indian Ameryki Północnej im. Sat-Okha znajduje się w Wymysłowie niedaleko Tucholi k. Chojnic.

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Katarzyna Krępulec - Stanisław Supłatowicz, Niezwy kła biografia Sat-Okha (2004).pdf

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Jo Ella Powell Exley - Frontier Blood, Saga of the Parker Family (1991).jpg

Captivity diaries, those often brutal accounts of settlers taken prisoner by American Indians, might be considered a genre in their own right. Drawing heavily on such first-person testimonies, Exley (editor of Texas Tears, Texas Sunshine: Voices of Frontier Women) traces the Parker family's trajectory, from Elder John (born in 1758) to his great-grandson Quanah Parker, a Comanche war chief. This family had a particular impact on the development of Texas and the West and was especially determined to make a life there, despite the likelihood of violence. Rachel Parker, captured in 1836 by raiding Comanches and brutally tortured along with her young son, is eventually rescued. Nine-year-old Cynthia Ann, also kidnapped, makes a life among the Comanches and bears Quanah and two other children. After 24 years, Cynthia Ann is returned to her white family but never adjusts. The rest of the book tells the story of Quanah, who ultimately negotiates peace with the white settlers. His speech (in English) at his mother's graveside underlines the changed attitude of the former war chief: "Forty years ago my mother died. She captured by Comanches.... Love Indian and wild life so well no want to go back to white folks.... I love my mother. I like white people. Got great heart. I want my people follow after white way, get educate, know work, make living when payments stop." Vivid, unsparing accounts, much insight into the pioneer experience and the details of early interracial relations will make this book popular among devotees of the history of the American West. 12 b&w photos.

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Jo Ella Powell Exley - Frontier Blood, Saga of the Parker Family (1991).pdf

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Klaus Benesch; Kerstin Schmidt - Space in America, Theory History Culture (2005).jpg

Space in America Theory History Culture America's sense of space has always been tied to what Hayden White called the "narrativization" of real events. If the awe-inspiring manifestations of nature in America (Niagara Falls, Virginia's Natural Bridge, the Grand Canyon, etc.) were often used as a foil for projecting utopian visions and idealizations of the nation's exceptional place among the nations of the world, the rapid technological progress and its concomitant appropriation of natural spaces served equally well, as David Nye argues, to promote the dominant cultural idiom of exploration and conquest. From the beginning, American attitudes towards space were thus utterly contradictory if not paradoxical; a paradox that scholars tried to capture in such hybrid concepts as the "middle landscape" (Leo Marx), an "engineered New Earth" (Cecelia Tichi), or the "technological sublime" (David Nye).Not only was America's concept of space paradoxical, it has always also been a contested terrain, a site of continuous social and cultural conflict. Many foundational issues in American history (the dislocation of Native and African Americans, the geo-political implications of nation-building, immigration and transmigration, the increasing division and "clustering" of contemporary American society, etc.) involve differing ideals and notions of space. Quite literally, space and its various ideological appropriations formed the arena where America's search for identity (national, political, cultural) has been staged. If American democracy, as Frederick Jackson Turner claimed, "is born of free land," then its history may well be defined as the history of the fierce struggles to gain and maintain power over both the geographical, social and political spaces of America and its concomitant narratives. The number and range of topics, interests, and critical approaches of the essays gathered here open up exciting new avenues of inquiry into the tangled, contentious relations of space in America. Topics include: Theories of Space ¯ Landscape / Nature ¯ Technoscape / Architecture / Urban Utopia ¯ Literature ¯ Performance / Film / Visual Arts

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Klaus Benesch; Kerstin Schmidt - Space in America, Theory History Culture (2005).pdf

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Landmark Events in Native American History - Micha el L. Lawson - Little Bighorn, Winning the battle, Losing the War (2007).jpg

01 - USA1 - Landmark Events in Native American History - Michael L...ttle Bighorn, Winning the battle, Losing the War 2007.jpg

On June 25, 1876, the United States Army suffered the worst defeat of all its battles with Native Americans. Allied Sioux and Northern Cheyenne warriors successfully turned back a surprise attack on their village near the Little Bighorn River in Montana. Killed in the battle were Lieutenant Colonel George Armstrong Custer, the colorful and controversial commanding officer of the 7th Cavalry Regiment, and 267 men under his command. Little Bighorn traces the events that led to this historic confrontation, which, though a great tactical victory for the Native American warriors and the families they fought to protect, also set in motion a series of negative events for the Sioux and their allies.

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Landmark Events in Native American History - Micha el L. Lawson - Little Bighorn, Winning the battle, Losing the War (2007).pdf

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Lawrence Alan Rosenwald - Multilingual America, La nguage and the Making of American Literature (2008 ).jpg

Throughout its history, America has been the scene of multiple encounters between communities speaking different languages. Literature has long sought to represent these encounters in various ways, from James Fenimore Cooper's frontier fictions to the Jewish-American writers who popularised Yiddish as a highly influential modern vernacular. While other studies have concentrated on isolated parts of this history, Lawrence Rosenwald's book is the first to consider the whole story of linguistic representation in American literature, and to consider as well how multilingual fictions can be translated and incorporated into a national literary history. He uses case studies to analyse the most important kinds of linguistic encounters, such as those between Europeans and Native Americans, those between slaveholders and African slaves, and those between immigrants and American citizens. This ambitious, engaging book is an important contribution to the study of American literature, history and culture.

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Lawrence Alan Rosenwald - Multilingual America, La nguage and the Making of American Literature (2008 ).pdf

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Linda Barrington - The Other Side Of The Frontier, Economic Explorations Into Native American Histor y (1998).jpg

01 - USA1 - Linda Barrington - The Other Side Of The Frontier, Eco...onomic Explorations Into Native American History 1998.jpg

A collection of essays by renowned scholars of Native American economic history, The Other Side of the Frontier presents one of the first in-depth studies of the complex interaction between the history of Native American economic development and the economic development of the United States at large. Although recent trends in the field of economics have encouraged the study of minority groups such as Asians and African Americans, little work has been done in Native American economic history. This text fills an existing gap in economic history literature and will help students come to a richer understanding of the effects that U.S. economic policy has had on the culture and development of its indigenous peoples.

About the Author
Linda Barrington is assistant professor of economics at Barnard College.

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