Ub Iwerks (4)

Ub Iwerks
Ubbe Ert Iwwerks, conocido como Ub Iwerks (Kansas City, Misuri, 24 de marzo de 1901 – Burbank, California, 7 de julio de 1971) fue un animador estadounidense, famoso por su trabajo con Walt Disney. Fue el diseñador del personaje de Mickey Mouse.

Su familia procedía de Frisia Oriental, en la Baja Sajonia (Alemania). Su padre, Eert Ubbe Iwwerks, había emigrado a Estados Unidos en 1869. Iwwerks cambió su nombre verdadero ("Ubbe Ert Iwwerks", que sonaba extraño en Estados Unidos) por el más sencillo de Ub Iwerks, con el que es conocido.

Conoció a Disney cuando ambos trabajaban para Pesman-Rubin Comercial Art Studio, de Kansas City, en 1919, y trabajó con él ininterrumpidamente hasta 1930. En 1920 fundaron una compañía llamada "Iwerks-Disney Commercial Artists", que no tuvo éxito. Más tarde, ambos trabajaron para Kansas City Film Ad. Cuando en 1922 Disney fundó una nueva empresa, Laugh-O-Gram Films, Inc., dedicada ya enteramente a la animación, Iwerks le siguió. Igualmente fue tras él cuando Disney se trasladó a Hollywood y fundó el Disney Brother's Studio, en 1923.

De hecho, tuvo un papel fundamental en el desarrollo del estilo característico de los primeros cortos de Disney. Animó los primeros dibujos animados de Mickey Mouse (se discute si la idea del personaje fue suya o de Disney, a quien se le atribuye oficialmente), y dirigió las primeras entregas de la serie "Silly Symphonies". Sin embargo, rompió con Disney en 1930, cuando el productor Pat Powers le ofreció financiarle unos estudios propios.

El Iwerks Studio abrió sus puertas en 1930. El primer personaje creado por él fue la rana Flip ("Flip the Frog"), personaje muy semejante a Mickey Mouse (aunque, por supuesto, tratándose de una rana, carecía de orejas y hocico). Flip protagonizó 36 cortometrajes, pero no consiguió el éxito previsto por Iwerks y por su patrocinador. Uno de los cortometrajes, Fiddlesticks, utilizó por primera vez la técnica de Technicolor. En 1933, Iwerks dio a luz a un nuevo personaje, "Willie Whopper", un niño travieso cuya vida cinematográfica no pasó del año. El estudio realizó también la serie "ComiColor Cartoons", al estilo de las "Silly Symphonies" de Disney, en la que se utilizaba la nueva técnica de CineColor. En 1936, sin embargo, ante el fracaso del estudio, incapaz de competir con Disney y con los hermanos Fleischer, Powers le privó de su respaldo económico y el estudio tuvo que cerrar.

Entre 1936 y 1940, Iwerks trabajó para otros estudios de animación, como el Charles Mintz Screen Gems, de Charles A. Mintz, antiguo socio comercial de Disney. En 1937 dirigió para éste Merry Mannequins, que algunos consideran su mejor trabajo.

En 1940, sin embargo, volvió a trabajar para Disney. Se dedicó a investigar nuevas técnicas de animación (participó en los efectos especiales usados en Canción del sur) e incluso en la tecnología de los parques de atracciones de Disney, durante los años 60. Por sus inventos obtuvo dos premios Oscar, en 1959 y 1964.

Iwerks era conocido por la velocidad con que trabajaba. Se decía que era capaz de realizar más de 700 dibujos en un solo día.

Murió de un ataque cardíaco en Burbank, California.

El documental The Hand Behind the Mouse: The Ub Iwerks Story se estrenó en 1999, seguido de un libro escrito por Leslie Iwerks y John Kenworthy en 2001. wiki

Director (115 credits)
1942 Stop That Tank! (Documentary short) (uncredited)
1941 El dragón chiflado (cartoon sequences, uncredited)
1940 A Busy Day (Short)
1940 Baby Checkers (Short)
1940 Beauty Shoppe (Short)
1940 Wise Owl (Short)
1940 Ye Olde Swap Shoppe (Short)
1940 The Egg Hunt (Short)
1940 Blackboard Revue (Short)
1939 Crop Chasers (Short)
1939 Nell's Yells (Short)
1939 The Gorilla Hunt (Short)
1938 Midnight Frolics (Short)
1938 Snowtime (Short)
1938 The Frog Pond (Short)
1938 Showtime (Short)
1938 The Horse on the Merry-Go-Round (Short)
1937 Porky's Super Service (Short)
1937 Foxy Pup (Short)
1937 Porky and Gabby (Short)
1937 Merry Mannequins (Short)
1937 Scrappy's Trip to Mars (Short)
1937 Skeleton Frolics (Short)
1936 Two Lazy Crows (Short)
1936 Happy Days (Short) (uncredited)
1936 Little Boy Blue (Short) (uncredited)
1936 Dick Whittington's Cat (Short) (uncredited)
1936 Tom Thumb (Short) (uncredited)
1936 Ali Baba (Short) (uncredited)
1935 Humpty Dumpty (Short) (uncredited)
1935 Simple Simon (Short) (uncredited)
1935 See How They Won (Short)
1935 Balloon Land (Short) (uncredited)
1935 Sinbad the Sailor (Short) (uncredited)
1935 Summertime (Short) (uncredited)
1935 Mary's Little Lamb (Short) (uncredited)
1935 Old Mother Hubbard (Short) (uncredited)
1935 The Brementown Musicians (Short) (uncredited)
1935 Little Black Sambo (Short) (uncredited)
1935 The Microbe Army (Short)
1934 Jack Frost (Short) (uncredited)
1934 Don Quixote (Short) (uncredited)
1934 The King's Tailor (Short) (uncredited)
1934 The Headless Horseman (Short) (as Ub. Iwerks)
1934 Viva Willie (Short) (uncredited)
1934 The Good Scout (Short) (uncredited)
1934 Aladdin and the Wonderful Lamp (Short) (uncredited)
1934 Jungle Jitters (Short) (uncredited)
1934 Cave Man (Short) (uncredited)
1934 The Queen of Hearts (Short)
1934 Rasslin' Round (Short) (uncredited)
1934 Reducing Creme (Short) (uncredited)
1934 Puss in Boots (Short)
1934 Insultin' the Sultan (Short) (uncredited)
1934 The Brave Tin Soldier (Short) (uncredited)
1934 The Little Red Hen (Short) (uncredited)
1934 Robin Hood, Jr. (Short) (uncredited)
1934 Hell's Fire (Short) (uncredited)
1933 Davy Jones' Locker (Short) (uncredited)
1933 Jack and the Beanstalk (Short) (uncredited)
1933 Stratos-Fear (Short) (uncredited)
1933 Spite Flight (Short) (uncredited)
1933 Soda Squirt (Short)
1933 Play Ball (Short) (uncredited)
1933 Pale-Face (Short)
1933 Chinaman's Chance (Short)
1933 Bulloney (Short)
1933 Techno-Cracked (Short) (uncredited)
1933 Flip's Lunch Room (Short) (uncredited)
1933 The Air Race (Short) (uncredited)
1933 Coo Coo the Magician (Short) (uncredited)
1932 Funny Face (Short) (uncredited)
1932 Nurse Maid (Short) (uncredited)
1932 The Music Lesson (Short) (uncredited)
1932 Phoney Express (Short) (uncredited)
1932 The Goal Rush (Short) (uncredited)
1932 Circus (Short)
1932 Stormy Seas (Short) (uncredited)
1932 Room Runners (Short)
1932 The Office Boy (Short) (uncredited)
1932 'The Bully' (Short) (uncredited)
1932 School Days (Short) (uncredited)
1932 Puppy Love (Short) (uncredited)
1932 What a Life (Short)
1932 Fire! Fire! (Short) (uncredited)
1932 The Milkman (Short) (uncredited)
1931 Spooks (Short) (uncredited)
1931 Africa Squeaks (Short) (uncredited)
1931 Jail Birds (Short) (uncredited)
1931 The Village Specialist (Short) (uncredited)
1931 Movie Mad (Short) (uncredited)
1931 The New Car (Short) (uncredited)
1931 Ragtime Romeo (Short) (uncredited)
1931 Laughing Gas (Short) (uncredited)
1931 The Soup Song (Short) (uncredited)
1931 The Village Smitty (Short) (uncredited)
1930 Puddle Pranks (Short)
1930 Cuckoo Murder Case (Short) (uncredited)
1930 The Village Barber (Short)
1930 Flying Fists (Short) (uncredited)
1930 Little Orphan Willie (Short) (uncredited)
1930 Fiddlesticks (Short) (uncredited)
1930 Arctic Antics (Short)
1930 Autumn (Short) (uncredited)
1930 Summer (Short) (uncredited)
1929 Hell's Bells (Short)
1929 The Jazz Fool (Short)
1929 Mickey's Follies (Short)
1929 Mickey's Choo-Choo (Short)
1929 Mickey en la feria (Short)
1929 The Barnyard Battle (Short)
1929 The Opry House (Short)
1928 The Gallopin' Gaucho (Short)
1928 Steamboat Willie (Short)
1928 Plane Crazy (Short)
IMDB

Enlaces completados:
OK The Complete Weird Cartoons (VV. DD., 2004) [ver Walt Disney]
     Little Black Sambo by U.B. Iwerks (1935)
OK Cartoon Crazys - Banned & Censored (VV. DD., 1931-1946) [ver Dave Fleischer]
     Little Black Sambo (Ub Iwerks, 1935)
OK Don Quixote (Ub Iwerks, 1934)
OK Saved from the Flames. 54 Rare and Restored Films (VV. DD., 1896-1944) [ver Leopoldo Fregoli]
     Balloon Land (Ub Iwerks, 1935)

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