The Byzantine Empire was almost always ready to fight, and often fought for its life. During much of its history its provinces were military districts called themes, and acclamation by the army, not coronation or inheritance, was what made a man emperor. The army overthrew twenty-odd rulers, and tried to oust many more. It was large and expansive but on the whole it served its purpose well. Over eight centuries, despite losing a surprising number of battles, the army succeeded in preserving both itself and Byzantium. In view of its importance in Byzantine history, it is surprising that this volume is the first general book on the Byzantine army in any language. The author traces the army s impact on the Byzantine state and society from the army s reorganization under Diocletian (284-305) until its disintegration in the aftermath of the battle of Manzikert (1071). He suggests solutions to some major unresolved questions of Byzantine military history: how big was the army, how was it organized, how much of it was cavalry, how much was it paid, how was it supplied, when and why did it receive land grants in the themes, and why, after surviving so many disasters, did it fail to survive the not particularly disastrous eleventh century?

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Warren Treadgold - Byzantium and Its Army, 284-108 1 (1998).pdf

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Brand, Ch.M - Byzantium confronts the West, 1180-1 204 (1968).jpg

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Brand, Ch.M - Byzantium confronts the West, 1180-1 204 (1968).pdf

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Ferenc Makk - The Arpads and the Comneni, Politica l Relations Between Hungary and Byzantium in the 1 2th Century (1980).jpg

Byzantium - Ferenc Makk - The Arpads and the Comneni, Political Re...etween Hungary and Byzantium in the 12th Century 1980.jpg

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Ferenc Makk - The Arpads and the Comneni, Politica l Relations Between Hungary and Byzantium in the 1 2th Century (1980).pdf

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Clive Foss - Byzantine and Turkish Sardis (1976).jpg

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Clive Foss - Byzantine and Turkish Sardis (1976).pdf

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Theophanes the Confessor - The Chronicle of Theoph anes Confessor, Byzantine and Near Eastern History , AD 284-813 (1997).jpg

Byzantium - Theophanes the Confessor - The Chronicle of Theophanes...r, Byzantine and Near Eastern History, AD 284-813 1997.jpg

Theophanes the Confessor (d.818) was a Byzantine abbot who fell victim to the Iconoclastic persecution. The Chronicle that goes under his name, written in Greek, is here translated in full for the first time, together with an introduction and commentary. It provides a unique source for the history of the Byzantine Empire to AD 813, as well as the history of the Persians, Arabs, Bulgarians, and other neighboring peoples.

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Theophanes the Confessor - The Chronicle of Theoph anes Confessor, Byzantine and Near Eastern History , AD 284-813 (1997).djvu

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Ljubomir Maksimovic - The Byzantine Provincial Adm inistration Under the Paloiologoi (1988).jpg

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Ljubomir Maksimovic - The Byzantine Provincial Adm inistration Under the Paloiologoi (1988).pdf

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Alan Cameron - Circus Factions, Blues and Greens a t Rome and Byzantium (1976).jpg

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Alan Cameron - Circus Factions, Blues and Greens a t Rome and Byzantium (1976).pdf

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Dean A. Miller - Imperial Constantinople (1969).jpg

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Dean A. Miller - Imperial Constantinople (1969).pdf

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Michael Angold - Byzantine Aristocracy (1985).jpg

The notion of aristocracy has been a godsend to modern historians : it is so admirably imprecise. It literally means the rule of the beat, but it leaves in doubt who are the best-fitted to rule; the assumption being that those who have power are best-fitted to exercise it. Aristocracy has therefore come to mean little more than a ruling class, but, because power so often descends within a family fro one generation to the next, the word is usually given hereditary overtones. Aristocracy and nobility are therefore often taken to be no more than different sides of the same coin. The formwer deals in the exercise of power, the latter in the qualities and the qualifications needed. A shift in the meaning of nobility will alter the character of aristocracy and vice versa.

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Michael Angold - Byzantine Aristocracy (1985).pdf

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Donald M. Nicol - The Immortal Emperor, The Life a nd Legend of Constantine Palaiologos, Last Emperor of the Romans (1993).jpg

Byzantium - Donald M. Nicol - The Immortal Emperor, The Life and L...nstantine Palaiologos, Last Emperor of the Romans 1993.jpg

Constantine XI Palaiologos was the last Christian Emperor of Constantinople and Byzantium. In 1453, when Constantinople fell to the Ottoman Turks, he was last seen fighting at the city walls, but the actual circumstances of his death have remained surrounded in myth. In the years that followed it was said that he was not dead but sleeping - the 'immortal emperor' turned to marble, who would one day be awakened by an angel and drive the Turks out of his city and empire. Donald Nicol's book tells the gripping story of Constantine's life and death, and ends with an intriguing account of claims by reputed descendants of his family - some remarkably recent - to be heirs to the Byzantine throne.

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Donald M. Nicol - The Immortal Emperor, The Life a nd Legend of Constantine Palaiologos, Last Emperor of the Romans (1993).pdf

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Michael F. Hendy - Studies in the Byzantine Moneta ry Economy c.300-1450 (1985).jpg

This is the first major study of the Byzantine coinage set in the wider context of finance, administration and economy. The book consists of four main sections, on economy and society, on finance, and on the circulation and production of coinage, and has made an unrivalled contribution in the field of late classical,Byzantine and medieval economic history.

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Michael F. Hendy - Studies in the Byzantine Moneta ry Economy c.300-1450 (1985).pdf

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Rosemary Morris - Monks and Laymen in Byzantium, 8 43-1118 (1995).jpg

In Byzantium monks did not form a separate caste, apart from society. They formed part of a nexus of social, economic and spiritual relationships that bound together the "powerful" in the middle Byzantine state. Using hagiography, chronicles and, in particular, the newly-available archives of the Athonite monasteries, this book reassesses the role of monks in Byzantine society and examines the reasons for the flowering of the monastic life in the period from the end of iconoclasm to the beginning of the twelfth century.

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Rosemary Morris - Monks and Laymen in Byzantium, 8 43-1118 (1995).djvu

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Sigfús Blöndal, Benedikt Benedikz - The Varangians of Byzantium (2007).jpg

Byzantium - Sigfs Blndal, Benedikt Benedikz - The Varangians of Byzantium 2007.jpg

An aura of romance has clung about the Varangians for over six centuries. This book examines how the Norsemen came to be drawn into the Imperial service until the greatest of all the Emperors of the East, Basil II, formed them into the regiment of guards which was to give unique service to the Empire. It surveys the history of the regiment down to the collapse of High Byzantium in 1204 and traces the remnant of the Varangians to the very last day of the Empire in May 1453.

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Sigfús Blöndal, Benedikt Benedikz - The Varangians of Byzantium (2007).djvu

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Walter E. Kaegi - Byzantium and the Early Islamic Conquests (1992).jpg

This is a study of how and why the Byzantine empire lost many of its most valuable provinces to Islamic conquerors in the seventh century, provinces that included Syria, Palestine, Mesopotamia and Armenia. It investigates conditions on the eve of those conquests, mistakes in Byzantine policy toward the Muslims, the course of the military campaigns, and the problem of local official and civilian collaboration with the Muslims. It also seeks to explain how after some terrible losses the Byzantine government achieved some intellectual rationalization of its disasters and began the complex process of transforming and adapting its fiscal and military institutions and political controls in order to prevent further disintegration.
• Comprehensive study of the ‘difficult’ chapter in Byzantine history by a well-established and highly-respected figure in the writing of Byzantine military history
• Kaegi’s treatment is unique: he alone among scholars of the period has read the Arabic sources in depth, and the book will now become the definitive work on the subject
• In dealing with military activities in a much-discussed part of the world, there are links with both the Runciman-type of middle eastern/Byzantine history and with contemporary issues of domination and empire

Contents
Preface
1. The problem of Byzantium and the early Islamic conquests
2. The Byzantine Empire in an era of accelerating change
3. Difficulties in devising defences for Syria
4. The first Muslim penetrations of Byzantine territory
5. Early tests in southern Palestine
6. Problems of cohesion: the battle of Jabiya-Yarmuk reconsidered
7. The brief struggle to save northern Syria and Byzantine Mesopotamia
8. Byzantium, Armenia, Armenians, and early Islamic conquests
9. Controversy and confidence in the seventh-century crisis
10. Elements of failure and endurance
Bibliography
Index.

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Walter E. Kaegi - Byzantium and the Early Islamic Conquests (1992).djvu

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Timothy Gregory - A History of Byzantium (2005).jpg

This book is a concise narrative of Byzantine history from the time of Constantine the Great in AD 306 to the fall of Constantinople in 1453. The author presents Byzantium as a vital society, important in its own right, but also one that served as a bridge between East and West, and ancient and modern society. A History of Byzantium uses the chronological political history of the empire as a narrative frame, but balances politics with a consideration of social and economic life and the rich culture of Byzantium. Visual documents, such as photographs of art, architecture, and implements from daily life, are used alongside the text to raise questions about life in the Byzantine Empire. The book is based on the latest scholarship and discusses the major historiographical questions for each period. At the same time, it is written in clear, narrative prose, making this fascinating period accessible to a wide readership.

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