The Brain: A Very Short Introduction provides a non-technical introduction to the main issues and findings in current brain research and gives a sense of how neuroscience addresses questions about the relationship between the brain and the mind. Short, clear discussions on the mechanical workings of the brain are offered and the details of brain science are covered in an accessible style. Explanations of the more familiar implications of the brain's actions, such as memories, perceptions, and motor control are integrated throughout the book. It has chapters on brain processes and the causes of "altered mental states," as well as a final chapter that discusses possible future developments in neuroscience, touching on artificial intelligence, gene therapy, the importance of the Human Genome Project, drugs by design, and transplants. Up-to-date coverage of the newest developments in brain research and suggestions for future research on the brain are also included.

About the Series: Combining authority with wit, accessibility, and style, Very Short Introductions offer an introduction to some of life's most interesting topics. Written by experts for the newcomer, they demonstrate the finest contemporary thinking about the central problems and issues in hundreds of key topics, from philosophy to Freud, quantum theory to Islam.

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Gerald O'Collins - Catholicism; A Very Short Intro duction (2008).jpg

Despite a long history of external threats and internal strife, the Roman Catholic Church and the broader phenomenon of Catholicism remain a vast and valuable presence into the third millennium of world history. What are the origins of the Catholic Church? How has Catholicism changed and adapted to such vast and diverse cultural influences over the centuries? What great challenges does the Catholic Church now face in the twenty-first century, both within its own life and in its relation to others around the world? In this Very Short Introduction, Gerald O'Collins draws on the best current scholarship available to answer these questions and to present, in clear and accessible language, a fresh introduction to the largest and oldest institution in the world. O'Collins explains clearly and concisely where the Catholic Church comes from, what it believes and practices, the sacraments and the Church's moral teaching, and where it is heading. The book also includes a timeline of events in the history of Catholicism and useful suggestions for further reading.

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Adam J. Silverstein - Islamic History; A Very Shor t Introduction (2010).jpg

Opening with a lucid overview of the rise and spread of Islam, from the seventh to the twenty-first century, this Very Short Introduction introduces the story of Islamic history, charting the evolution of what was originally a small, localized community of believers into an international religion with over a billion adherents. The book examines how Islam rose from the obscurity of seventh-century Arabia to the forefront of modern global concerns, and it highlights how we know what we claim to know about Islam's rise and development. Historian Adam J. Silverstein also discusses the peoples--Arabs, Persians, and Turks--who shaped Islamic history, and sheds light on three representative institutions--the mosque, jihad, and the caliphate--that highlight Islam's diversity over time. Finally, the book analyzes the roles that Islamic history has played in both religious and political contexts, while stressing the unique status that history enjoys among Muslims, especially compared to its lowly place in Western societies where history is often seen as little more than something that is not to be repeated.

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Malise Ruthven - Islam; A Very Short Introduction (1997).jpg

Islam features widely in the news, often in its most militant versions. But few people in the non-Muslim world really understand the nature of Islam, both as Ideology and religion. Islam: A Very Short Introduction offers essential insight into the structure and beliefs of this major world religion.
Malise Ruthven answers fundamental questions about the nature and scope of Islam such as why the greatest Jihad (holy war) is now against the enemies of Islam, rather than the struggle against evil, why Islam has such major divisions between movements such as the Shiis, the Sunnis, and the Wahhabis, and how the Sharia (Islamic law) has become such an important aspect of Islamic life. In addition, he prompts further questioning into the ideas of Islamic resurgence as both an old and new concept, whether or not women can find fulfillment and equality within an Islamic framework, and the sort of problems facing Islam and its confrontations with the modern world.
Offering fresh insights and new information, Islam: A Very Short Introduction provides a much needed discussion of Islams past, present, and future, and its place in modern world religions.

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Michael Howard - Clausewitz; A Very Short Introduc tion (2002).jpg

Karl von Clausewitz (1780-1831) is considered by many to have been one of the greatest writers on war. His study On War was described by the American strategic thinker Bernard Brodie as "not simply the greatest, but the only great book about war." It is hard to disagree. Even though he wrote his only major work at a time when the range of firearms was fifty yards, much of what he had to say remains relevant today. Michael Howard explains Clausewitz's ideas in terms both of his experiences as a professional soldier in the Napoleonic Wars, and of the intellectual background of his time.

About the Author

Sir Michael Howard has held the Chair of War Studies at King's College London, the Chichele Chair of History of War and the Regius Chair of Modern History at Oxford, and the Robert A. Lovett Chair of Military and Naval History at Yale. His works include The Franco-Prussian War, The Causes of Wars, War and the Liberal Conscience, The Lessons of History, and War in European History. Together with Professor Peter Paret he edited and translated Clausewitz, On War.

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Nathaniel Samuel Murrell - Afro-Caribbean Religion s; An Introduction to Their Historical, Cultural, and Sacred Traditions (2009).jpg

Geopolitics Soci... - Nathaniel Samuel Murrell - Afro-Caribbean Religi...Historical, Cultural, and Sacred Traditions 2009.jpg

Religion is one of the most important elements of Afro-Caribbean culture linking its people to their African past. From Haitian Vodou and Cuban Santeriao popular religions that have often been demonized in popular cultureoto Rastafari in Jamaica and Orisha-Shango of Trinidad and Tobago. In "Afro-Caribbean Religions", Nathaniel Samuel Murrell provides a comprehensive study that respectfully traces the social, historical, and political contexts of these religions. And, because Brazil has the largest African population in the world outside of Africa, and has historic ties to the Caribbean, he includes a section on Candomble, Umbanda, Xango and Batique. This accessibly written introduction to Afro-Caribbean religions examines the cultural traditions and transformations of all of the African-derived religions of the Caribbean along with their cosmology, beliefs, cultic structures and ritual practices. Ideal for classroom use, "Afro-Caribbean Religions" also includes a glossary defining unfamiliar terms and identifying key figures.

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Nathaniel Samuel Murrell - Afro-Caribbean Religion s; An Introduction to Their Historical, Cultural, and Sacred Traditions (2009).pdf

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Aliza Marcus - Blood and Belief; The PKK and the K urdish Fight for Independence (2009).jpg

The Kurds, who number some 28 million people in the Middle East, have no country they can call their own. Long ignored by the West, Kurds are now highly visible actors on the world's political stage. More than half live in Turkey, where the Kurdish struggle has gained new strength and attention since the U.S. overthrow of Saddam Hussein in neighboring Iraq.
Essential to understanding modern-day Kurds—and their continuing demands for an independent state—is understanding the PKK, the Kurdistan Workers Party. A guerilla force that was founded in 1978 by a small group of ex-Turkish university students, the PKK radicalized the Kurdish national movement in Turkey, becoming a tightly organized, well-armed fighting force of some 15,000, with a 50,000-member civilian militia in Turkey and tens of thousands of active backers in Europe. Under the leadership of Abdullah Ocalan, the war the PKK waged in Turkey through 1999 left nearly 40,000 people dead and drew in the neighboring states of Iran, Iraq, and Syria, all of whom sought to use the PKK for their own purposes. Since 2004, emboldened by the Iraqi Kurds, who now have established an autonomous Kurdish state in the northernmost reaches of Iraq, the PKK has again turned to violence to meet its objectives.
Blood and Belief combines reportage and scholarship to give the first in-depth account of the PKK. Aliza Marcus, one of the first Western reporters to meet with PKK rebels, wrote about their war for many years for a variety of prominent publications before being put on trial in Turkey for her reporting. Based on her interviews with PKK rebels and their supporters and opponents throughout the world—including the Palestinians who trained them, the intelligence services that tracked them, and the dissidents who tried to break them up—Marcus provides an in-depth account of this influential radical group.

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Aliza Marcus - Blood and Belief; The PKK and the K urdish Fight for Independence (2009).pdf

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Anath Ariel de Vidas, Teresa Lavendar Fagan - Thun der Doesn't Live Here Anymore; The Culture of Marg inality Among the Teeneks of Tantoyuca (2004).jpg

Geopolitics Soci... - Anath Ariel de Vidas, Teresa Lavendar Fagan - Th... Marginality Among the Teeneks of Tantoyuca 2004.jpg

Now available in English, "Thunder Doesn't Live Here Anymore" explores the highly unusual worldview of the Teenek people of Tantoyuca, whose self-deprecating cosmology diverges quite radically from patterns of positive cultural identity among other indigenous groups in Mexico. The Teenek speak of themselves as dirty, dumb, ignorant, and fearful, a vocabulary that serves to justify the Teenek's condition of social and spatial marginality in relation to their mestizo neighbours. However, as Anath Ariel de Vidas argues in this masterful ethnography, this self-denigration - added to the absence among the Teenek of emblematic Indian features such as traditional costumes, agricultural rituals, specific ceremonies, or systems of religious cargoes or offices - are not synonymous with collective anomie. Rather, as Ariel de Vidas demonstrates, their seeming ontological acceptance of a marginal social and economic condition is - in its own peculiar way - a language of indigenous resistance.

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Anath Ariel de Vidas, Teresa Lavendar Fagan - Thun der Doesn't Live Here Anymore; The Culture of Marg inality Among the Teeneks of Tantoyuca (2004).pdf

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Christiaan Grootaert, Thierry Van Bastelaer - Unde rstanding and Measuring Social Capital; A Multi-Di sciplinary Tool for Practitioners (2002).jpg

Geopolitics Soci... - Christiaan Grootaert, Thierry Van Bastelaer - Un...A Multi-Disciplinary Tool for Practitioners 2002.jpg

The importance of social capital for sustainable development is well understood. However, the impact of social capital is not easily quantified and to overcome this, the Social Capital Initiative at the World Bank attempts to contribute to this understanding by concentrating on how to measure social capital and its impact. This book details both the quantitative and qualitative approaches to the analysis of social capital. Also included is the Social Capital Assessment Tool which combines quantitative and qualitative instruments in order to measure social capital at the household, community, and organization levels. This tool can be downloaded from a CD-ROM which is included with this book.

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Christiaan Grootaert, Thierry Van Bastelaer - Unde rstanding and Measuring Social Capital; A Multi-Di sciplinary Tool for Practitioners (2002).pdf

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John Laughland - Travesty; The Trial of Slobodan M ilosevic and the Corruption (2006).jpg

In 2006, Slobodan Milosevic died in prison in the Hague during a four-year marathon trial for war crimes. John Laughland was one of the last Western journalists to meet with him. Laughland had followed the trial from its beginning and wrote extensively on it in the Guardian and the Spectator, challenging the legitimacy of the Yugoslav Tribunal and the hypocrisy of "international justice."
In this short book, Laughland gives a full account of the trial---the longest trial in history---from the moment the indictment was issued at the height of NATO's attack on Yugoslavia to the day of Milosevic's mysterious death in custody. "International justice" is supposed to hold war criminals to account, but---as the trials of both Milosevic and Saddam Hussein show---the indictments are politically motivated and the judicial procedures are irredeemably corrupt. Laughland argues that international justice is an impossible dream and that such show trials are little more than propaganda exercises designed to distract attention from the war crimes committed by Western states.

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John Laughland - Travesty; The Trial of Slobodan M ilosevic and the Corruption (2006).pdf

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Brian Rappert - Education and Ethics in the Life S ciences (2011).jpg

At the start of the twenty-first century, warnings have been raised in some quarters about how – by intent or by mishap – advances in biotechnology and related fields could aid the spread of disease. Science academics, medical organisations, governments, security analysts, and others are among those that have sought to raise concern. Education and Ethics in the Life Sciences examines a variety of attempts to bring greater awareness to security concerns associated with the life sciences. It identifies lessons from practical initiatives across a wide range of national contexts as well as more general reflections about education and ethics. The eighteen contributors bring together perspectives from a diverse range of fields – including politics, virology, sociology, ethics, security studies, microbiology, and medicine – as well as their experiences in universities, think tanks and government. In offering their assessment about what must be done and by whom, each chapter addresses a host of challenging practical and conceptual questions. Education and Ethics in the Life Sciences will be of interest to those planning and undertaking training activities in other areas. In asking how education and ethics are being made to matter in an emerging area of social unease, it will also be of interest to those with more general concerns about professional conduct.

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Brian Rappert - Education and Ethics in the Life S ciences (2011).pdf

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Kate Askew - Dot.Bomb Australia; How We Wrangled, Conned and Argie-bargied Our Way into the New Digi tal Universe (2011).jpg

Geopolitics Sociology - Kate Askew - Dot.Bomb Australia How We Wrangled,...gied Our Way into the New Digital Universe 2011.jpg

Google became a verb, countries waged war games in the new digital universe and WikiLeaks sent shockwaves through a superpower. We got to this point from a place that was called the dot.com bubble.

Few booms in Australia have been faster or more furious than this bubble. The brightest and best investors dived in, technology geeks grew into overnight millionaires and miners stopped digging dirt and started surfing the net. The market surged and crashed, as the dot.com bubble became the dot.com bomb.

Australia witnessed a truly extraordinary efflorescence of unrestrained investment fervour. Tagged as 'irrational exuberance' by Alan Greenspan during the boom's formative period, it became a wild moment of fin de siecle and millennial madness. A new way of valuing companies (on cash flow entirely, rather than boring old profitability) was invented to match the new technology in play. What began with internet services and telecom start-ups stretched to any kind of business that could be sold on the net - from Balmain bugs to sex toys. Some entrepreneurs jumped off the rollercoaster as millionaires; more stayed on, crashed or sank without trace.

While there have been a number of books in the USA on this extraordinary historical period, this is the first comprehensive, colourful telling of the wild Australian ride. And looking back, we learn that while the internet promised to level the business playing field it has in fact done the opposite, as the market dominance of Google, Apple and Facebook attest.

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Kate Askew - Dot.Bomb Australia; How We Wrangled, Conned and Argie-bargied Our Way into the New Digi tal Universe (2011).pdf

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Elizabeth Edwards, Chris Gosden, Ruth Phillips - S ensible Objects; Colonialism, Museums and Material Culture (2006).jpg

Geopolitics Soci... - Elizabeth Edwards, Chris Gosden, Ruth Phillips - ...s Colonialism, Museums and Material Culture 2006.jpg

Anthropologists of the senses have long argued that cultures differ in their sensory registers. This groundbreaking volume applies this idea to material culture and the social practices that endow objects with meanings in both colonial and postcolonial relationships. It challenges the privileged position of the sense of vision in the analysis of material culture. Contributors argue that vision can only be understood in relation to the other senses. In this they present another challenge to the assumed western five-sense model, and show how our understanding of material culture in both historical and contemporary contexts might be reconfigured if we consider the role of smell, taste, feel and sound, as well as sight, in making meanings about objects.

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Elizabeth Edwards, Chris Gosden, Ruth Phillips - S ensible Objects; Colonialism, Museums and Material Culture (2006).pdf

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Leonardo Massai - The Kyoto Protocol in the EU; Eu ropean Community and Member States under Internati onal and European Law (2010).jpg

Geopolitics Soci... - Leonardo Massai - The Kyoto Protocol in the EU E...States under International and European Law 2010.jpg

The participation of the European Community and the Member States in the international climate change regimes is a complex issue. In the case of the Kyoto Protocol, this is rendered more complicated by the fact that, for the purposes of Article 4 of the Kyoto Protocol, the membership of the European Community and Member States is frozen at a particular point in time. The result of this is that, under international law, the European Community and a part of the Member States (EU15) have agreed to jointly fulfil some of those obligations, whereas under community law all Member States share a certain degree of responsibility to meet the obligations created by the Kyoto Protocol. This book analyses in great detail the Kyoto Protocol and the obligations established, such as monitoring and reporting obligations, eligibility criteria and reduction commitments.

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Leonardo Massai - The Kyoto Protocol in the EU; Eu ropean Community and Member States under Internati onal and European Law (2010).pdf

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James Steel, Peter Jordan, Ethan Cochrane - Cultur al and Linguistic Diversity; Evolutionary Approach es (2010).jpg

Geopolitics Soci... - James Steel, Peter Jordan, Ethan Cochrane - Cultu...inguistic Diversity Evolutionary Approaches 2010.jpg

Evolutionary approaches to cultural change are increasingly influential, and many scientists believe that a ‘grand synthesis’ is now in sight (e.g. Mesoudi, Whiten & Laland 2006). At the ‘microevolutionary’ scale, modern theories of cultural evolution recognize that cultural traditions and innovations are socially transmitted person-to-person between and within generations (respectively, by vertical or oblique and by horizontal transmission routes; Cavalli-Sforza & Feldman 1981), with learners applying generalized rules of thumb in choosing when to engage in independent trial-and-error learning, and in selecting whose example to copy when this is the preferred strategy (transmission biases; Boyd & Richerson 1985). Preservation of a historical signal within the cultural traditions carried by populations depends on traits being consistently selected and replicated, often with some degree of modification, ensuring that they survive from one generation to the next. Cultural ‘macroevolution’ refers to the historical processes that explain cultural similarities and differences between human populations arising from such repeated copying with modification (Mulder et al. 2006). Mesoudi et al. (2006), who propose a multidisciplinary framework for the Darwinian analysis of cultural dynamics, draw an explicit parallel between evolutionary archaeology, cultural anthropology and comparative anthropology (among the cultural sciences), and the macroevolutionary disciplines in biology (respectively, palaeobiology, biogeography and systematics). Historical linguistics should certainly be added to the list of cultural disciplines with a macroevolutionary focus.

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James Steel, Peter Jordan, Ethan Cochrane - Cultur al and Linguistic Diversity; Evolutionary Approach es (2010).pdf

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Richard Woolley - Tackling Controversial Issues in the Primary School; Facing Life's Challenges with Your Learners (2010).jpg

Geopolitics Soci... - Richard Woolley - Tackling Controversial Issues ... Facing Lifes Challenges with Your Learners 2010.jpg

How do you broach family values with seven year olds? Can you help young children understand racism? Can you avoid bringing your own prejudices into the classroom?

Talking effectively about controversial issues with young children is a challenge facing every primary school teacher. Tackling Controversial Issues in the Primary School provides teachers with support and guidance as you engage with the more tricky questions and topics you and your pupils encounter.

Illuminated with case studies and examples of how teachers and children have confronted issues together, this book helps you understand your own perspectives and provides fresh approaches for the primary classroom.

It considers how best to work with parents and carers, whole-school policies for tackling issues, and ideas for circle time, setting up international links, school councils and buddying systems. The range of challenging topics covered includes:

* family values
* racism in mono and multi-cultural settings
* democracy and citizenship
* the environment and sustainability
* consumerism, finances and media advertising
* gender, health and identity
* grief and loss.

For all student and practising primary teachers, Tackling Controversial Issues in the Primary School provides much needed support as you help your learners face complicated ideas, find their voice and get involved in the issues that they feel make a difference.

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Richard Woolley - Tackling Controversial Issues in the Primary School; Facing Life's Challenges with Your Learners (2010).pdf

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Robert Bruegmann - Sprawl; A Compact History (2005 ).jpg

After 70 years of suffering the slings and arrows of academic criticism, suburban life finally finds a compelling defender in Bruegmann. A professor of art history and urban planning at the University of Illinois–Chicago, Bruegmann demonstrates that urban sprawl is a natural process as old as the world's oldest cities, wherein large metropolises reach a point of maturity and those with financial means escape the congestion and high prices of city life. What has changed over the past century, the author says, is that an increasing number of citizens have achieved the financial means to participate in what was once an exclusive luxury of the wealthy. Bruegmann acknowledges that the effects on cities are not always positive, but he also demonstrates that many of the criticisms of suburban sprawl—e.g., that it is culturally deficient and environmentally noxious—are greatly exaggerated and ignore the very real benefits sprawl offers in terms of privacy, mobility and choice. With his disdain for doomsday predictions and his disregard for the academic consensus, Bruegmann's thorough analysis is sure to be controversial, but a shot of controversy ought to do the field, and public dialogue about it, some good.

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Robert Bruegmann - Sprawl; A Compact History (2005 ).pdf

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Hank Johnston , Bert Klandermans - Social Movement s and Culture (1995).jpg

A full-length analysis of social movements from a cultural perspective. This work considers the different approaches to culture, how movements are affected by their cultural environment and internal cultures within the movements themselves.

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