Using a contra-cultural model of social interaction, this text examines the interaction between Pagan and early Christian constructions of social order focusing on the Imperial cult as it developed, together with shared metaphysical assumptions, pari passu with Church Order.

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9,7 MB
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Allen Brent - The Imperial Cult and the Developmen t of Church Order, Concepts and Images of Authorit y in Paganism and Early Christianity Before the Ag e of Cyprian (1999).pdf

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75 KB
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Eric R. Varner - Multilation and Transformation, D amnatio Memoriae and Roman Imperial Portaiture (20 04).jpg

The condemnation of memory inexorably altered the visual landscape of imperial Rome. Representations of 'bad' emperors, such as Caligula, Nero, Domitian, Commodus, or Elagabalus were routinely reconfigured into likenesses of victorious successors or revered predecessors. Alternatively, portraits could be physically attacked and mutilated or even executed in effigy. From the late first century B.C. until the fourth century A.D., the recycling and destruction of images of emperors, empresses, and other members of the imperial family occurred on a vast scale and often marked periods of violent political transition. This volume catalogues and interprets the sculptural, glyptic, numismatic and epigraphic evidence for damnatio memoriae and ultimately reveals its praxis to be at the core of Roman cultural identity.

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32 KB
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John D Grainger - Nerva and the Roman Succession C risis of AD 96-99 (2002).jpg

The imperial succession at Rome was notoriously uncertain, and hereditary succession was preferred. But when the infamous emperor Domitian was assassinated in AD 6, he had no sons and had executed several family members who might have succeeded him; the situation provoked a dangerous crisis. John Grainger's detailed study looks at this period of intrigue and conspiracy and explores Domitian's murder, the rule of his successor Nerva, and finally Nerva's own choice of successor, Trajan, who became a strong and respected emperor against the odds. Grainger also investigates the effects of this dynastic uncertainty both inside and outside the ruling group in Rome, asking why civil war did not occur in this time of political upheaval. By the third century civil war was institutionalized, and was one of the main reasons for the eventual downfall of the entire imperial structure. Though the period of this study stands out as the civil war that didn't happen, it was perilously close.

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Steven J. Friesen - Imperial Cults and the Apocaly pse of John, Reading Revelation in the Ruins (2001 ).jpg

After more than a century of debate about the significance of imperial cults for the interpretation of Revelation, this is the first study to examine both the archaeological evidence and the Biblical text in depth. Friesen argues that a detailed analysis of imperial cults as they were practiced in the first century CE in the region where John was active allows us to understand John's criticism of his society's dominant values. He demonstrates the importance of imperial cults for society at the time when Revelation was written, and shows the ways in which John refuted imperial cosmology through his use of vision, myth, and eschatological expectation.

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15,3 MB
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Steven J. Friesen - Imperial Cults and the Apocaly pse of John, Reading Revelation in the Ruins (2001 ).pdf

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243 KB
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La Vie privée des Hommes - Peter Connolly, Patrick Restellini - A Pompéi (1980).jpg

Rome2 - La Vie prive des Hommes - Peter Connolly, Patrick Restellini - A Pompi 1980.jpg

Sous la direction de Pierre Miquel, l'histoire s'humanise. Les enfants se passionnent pour la vie quotidienne des hommes grâce à des textes et des illustrations riches en détails. Chaque ouvrage propose en outre un certain nombre d'outils pédagoiques: cartes, biographies, repères chronologiques et vignettes à découper.

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69,4 MB
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La Vie privée des Hommes - Peter Connolly, Patrick Restellini - A Pompéi (1980).pdf

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19 KB
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Michiel de Vaan - Etymological Dictionary of Latin , And the Other Italic Languages (2008).jpg

Latin is one of the major ancient Indo-European languages and one of the cornerstones of Indo-European studies. Since the last comprehensive etymological dictionary of Latin appeared in 1959, enormous progress has been made in the reconstruction of Proto-Indo-European, and many etymologies have been revised. This new etymological dictionary covers the entire Latin lexicon of Indo-European origin. It consists of nearly 1900 entries, which altogether discuss about 8000 Latin lemmata. All words attested before Cicero are included, together with their first date of attestation in Latin. The dictionary also includes all the inherited words found in the other ancient Italic languages, such as Oscan, Umbrian and South Picene; thus, it also serves as an etymological dictionary of Italic.

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191 KB
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La Vie privée des Hommes - Pierre Miquel, Yvon Le Gall - Au temps des Romains (1978).jpg

Rome2 - La Vie prive des Hommes - Pierre Miquel, Yvon Le Gall - Au temps des Romains 1978.jpg

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66,1 MB
28 lis 11 10:21

La Vie privée des Hommes - Pierre Miquel, Yvon Le Gall - Au temps des Romains (1978).pdf

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Jurgen Malitz - Nero (2004).jpg

The fifth Roman emperor, Nero has gone down in history as the archetypal narcissistic tyrant. In this fascinating new biography, Jurgen Malitz invites readers to reconsider Nero's reputation. Malitz focuses on the growing tension between Nero's artistic tendencies and the political role for which his ambitious mother, Agrippina the Younger, groomed him. The author reveals how, after sound beginnings under Seneca and other serious men, Nero succumbed to his love of acting; and how, while using the arts to please the people, Nero alienated the senate with his increasingly autocratic style. Finally, he explains how Nero met his untimely end following a failure of nerves in the face of rebellion. Nero's crimes are notorious: he murdered his mother and all possible contestants to the throne and brutally persecuted the Christians. Despite Nero's notoriety, Malitz outlines the often forgotten aspects of his reign: his early, surprisingly responsible political agenda, his initial popularity, patronage of the arts, and innovations in architecture. This original biography allows readers to form a balanced judgment of this divisive and controversial Emperor.

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4,6 MB
28 lis 11 10:21

Jurgen Malitz - Nero (2004).pdf

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165 KB
28 lis 11 10:21

Osprey - Warrior 39 - Stephen Wisdom - Gladiators 100 BC-AD 200 (2001).jpg

From the high-walls and cheering crowds of the Coliseum to the dark dungeons where prisoners spent their last peaceful moments, Konstantin Nossov brings the world of the Roman gladiator to life. Using the latest research, Konstantin reconstructs the history of these men who battled for the entertainment of the masses, covering the evolution of gladiatorial combat, the types of gladiator, their equipment, their way of life, and their social status. Although most gladiators were slaves, who fought and died at the whims of the crowd, many were able to elevate their status and their lives through victories in the arena to become as popular as today’s superstar athletes. Gladiators came from almost every walk of Roman life, from slaves and prisoners forced to fight to volunteers and even nobles who relished the opportunity to test their martial skills. This book covers all aspects of these warriors and paints an intimate portrait of their complex, dangerous and often deadly lives.

Contents
Introduction · Chronology · Historical background · Recruitment · The Revolt of Spartacus, 73-71 BC · We who are about to die - the condemned criminals · Acquisition of fighters · Danaos - a new recruit · Daily life · Accommodation · Social life and daily routine · Organisation of the schools throughout the empire · Training · Appearance and dress · Undergarments · Fabric body protection · Metal leg and arm defence · Parade armour · Helmets and headgear · The Thracian · The myrmillo · The retiarius · The secutor · Other types of gladiator · Stage hands and arena equipment · Weapons and shields · Gladiator psychology · The rudius · The gladiator in combat · The build-up · The parade in the arena: early morning · The venation: beast hunting · The afternoon show: the noxii · The familia gladiatoria · Retirement · Chances of survival · Colour plate commentary · Re-enactment · Glossary · Bibliography · Index

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150 KB
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JC McKeown - Classical Latin, An Introductory Cour se (2010).jpg

Extensively field-tested and fine-tuned over many years, and designed specifically for a one-year course, JC McKeown's Classical Latin: An Introductory Course offers a thorough, fascinating, and playful grounding in Latin that combines the traditional grammatical method with the reading approach.

In addition to grammar, paradigms, and readings, each chapter includes a variety of extraordinarily well-crafted exercises that reinforce the grammar and morphology while encouraging the joy of linguistic and cultural discovery.

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2,6 MB
28 lis 11 10:21

JC McKeown - Classical Latin, An Introductory Cour se (2010).pdf

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116 KB
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Arthur Eckstein - Rome Enters the Greek East, From Anarchy to Hierarchy in the Hellenistic Mediterra nean, 230-170 BC (2008).jpg

Rome2 - Arthur Eckstein - Rome Enters the Greek East, From Anarc...rarchy in the Hellenistic Mediterranean, 230-170 BC 2008.jpg

This volume examines the period from Rome’s earliest involvement in the eastern Mediterranean to the establishment of Roman geopolitical dominance over all the Greek states from the Adriatic Sea to Syria by the 180s BC.
Applies modern political theory to ancient Mediterranean history, taking a Realist approach to its analysis of Roman involvement in the Greek Mediterranean
Focuses on the harsh nature of interactions among states under conditions of anarchy while examining the conduct of both Rome and Greek states during the period, and focuses on what the concepts of modern political science can tell us about ancient international relations
Includes detailed discussion of the crisis that convulsed the Greek world in the last decade of the third century BC
Provides a balanced portrait of Roman militarism and imperialism in the Hellenistic world

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3,5 MB
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Arthur Eckstein - Rome Enters the Greek East, From Anarchy to Hierarchy in the Hellenistic Mediterra nean, 230-170 BC (2008).pdf

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102 KB
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Colleen McCullough - Masters of Rome (1990-2007).jpg

Masters of Rome is a series of historical fiction novels by author Colleen McCullough (b. 1937) set in ancient Rome during the last days of the old Roman Republic; it primarily chronicles the lives and careers of Gaius Marius, Lucius Cornelius Sulla, Pompey the Great, Julius Caesar, and the early career of Caesar Augustus. It spans from January 1, 110 BC through to January 16, 27 BC.
Other major historical figures who appear and play prominent parts in the series include Mithridates VI of Pontus, Marcus Aemilius Scaurus, Publius Rutilius Rufus, Quintus Sertorius, Marcus Livius Drusus, Jugurtha of Numidia, Spartacus, Marcus Licinius Crassus, Marcus Tullius Cicero, Marcus Calpurnius Bibulus, Marcus Porcius Cato, Publius Clodius, Vercingetorix, Marcus Junius Brutus, Gaius Cassius Longinus, Mark Antony, Cleopatra VII of Egypt, Caesarion and Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa. Each book in the series features a detailed glossary, hand-drawn illustrations of the major characters, and notes by McCullough detailing her reasoning for portraying certain events in certain ways.
The series has a thesis: as Rome became more powerful within the Mediterranean world, the old ways of doing things – through the deliberation of various interests, mainly aristocratic and mercantile – became impossibly cumbersome. It became more and more difficult to govern an empire with institutions originally designed to administer a city-state. Certain powerful leaders (especially Marius, Sulla, and Caesar) tried to create a state in which they had autocratic power but also preserved the externals of the old ways. They were opposed by the conservatives (called the optimates by classical historians, though they themselves preferred the title boni or "good men"). The obtuse or simply ignorant resistance of these reactionaries, who are all presented as degenerate or self-serving, made the creation of an autocracy necessary. The result was the birth of an imperial monarchy, and a radically different organization of power. The novels have been criticized for their idealization of military dictators and strong men like Caesar and Octavian.

The novels of the series are:
1. The First Man in Rome (1990); spanning the years 110–100 BC
2. The Grass Crown (1991); spanning the years 97–86 BC
3. Fortune's Favourites (1993); spanning the years 83–69 BC
4. Caesar's Women (1997); spanning the years 67–59 BC
5. Caesar (1998); spanning the years 54–48 BC
6. The October Horse (2002); spanning the years 48–41 BC
7. Antony and Cleopatra (2007); spanning the years 41–27 BC

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6,2 MB
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Colleen McCullough - Masters of Rome (1990-2007) [ LIT x 7].rar

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112 KB
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David Shotter - Tiberius Caesar (1992).jpg

David Shotter presents an up-to-date study of the character and life of Tiberius Caesar, heir of Augustus and Emperor of Rome from AD 14 to 37. Contemporary and near-contemporary accounts of his life provide new perspectives on the major issues of Tiberius' reign: his relations with the senate, with Germanicus (his heir), with Sejanus (the prefect of the praetorian guard), as well as the reasons for his final retirement from Rome. The biography focuses mainly on Tiberius' continuous struggle to meet the demands of his role. David Shotter presents a concise and accessible study of this capable man who was, ultimately, an ineffectual ruler.

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0,8 MB
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David Shotter - Tiberius Caesar (1992).pdf

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Fergus Millar, Guy M. Rogers, Hannah M. Cotton - R ome, the Greek World, and the East, Volume 1, The Roman Republic and the Augustan Revolution (2002).jpg

Rome2 - Fergus Millar, Guy M. Rogers, Hannah M. Cotton - Rome, t...e 1, The Roman Republic and the Augustan Revolution 2002.jpg

Fergus Millar is one of the most influential contemporary historians of the ancient world. His essays and books, including The Emperor in the Roman World and The Roman Near East, have enriched our understanding of the Greco-Roman world in fundamental ways. In his writings Millar has made the inhabitants of the Roman Empire central to our conception of how the empire functioned. He also has shown how and why Rabbinic Judaism, Christianity, and Islam evolved from within the wider cultural context of the Greco-Roman world.

Opening this collection of sixteen essays is a new contribution by Millar in which he defends the continuing significance of the study of Classics and argues for expanding the definition of what constitutes that field. In this volume he also questions the dominant scholarly interpretation of politics in the Roman Republic, arguing that the Roman people, not the Senate, were the sovereign power in Republican Rome. In so doing he sheds new light on the establishment of a new regime by the first Roman emperor, Caesar Augustus.

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4,4 MB
28 lis 11 10:21

Fergus Millar, Guy M. Rogers, Hannah M. Cotton - R ome, the Greek World, and the East, Volume 1, The Roman Republic and the Augustan Revolution (2002).pdf

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94 KB
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Fergus Millar, Guy M. Rogers, Hannah M. Cotton - R ome, the Greek World, and the East, Volume 3, The Greek World, the Jews, and the East (2006).jpg

Rome2 - Fergus Millar, Guy M. Rogers, Hannah M. Cotton - Rome, t... Volume 3, The Greek World, the Jews, and the East 2006.jpg

This volume completes the three-volume collection of Fergus Millar's essays, which, together with his books, transformed the study of the Roman Empire by shifting the focus of inquiry onto the broader Mediterranean world and beyond. The eighteen essays presented here include Millar's classic contributions to our understanding of the impact of Rome on the peoples, cultures, and religions of the eastern Mediterranean, and the extent to which Graeco-Roman culture acted as a vehicle for the self-expression of the indigenous cultures. In an epilogue written to conclude the collection, Millar argues for rethinking the focus of "ancient history" itself and for considering the Levant and the eastern Mediterranean from the first millennium B.C. to the Islamic conquests a valid scholarly framework and an appropriate educational syllabus for the study of antiquity. English translations of extended ancient passages in Greek, Latin, and Semitic languages in all the essays make Millar's most important articles accessible for the first time to specialists and nonspecialists alike.

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7,4 MB
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Fergus Millar, Guy M. Rogers, Hannah M. Cotton - R ome, the Greek World, and the East, Volume 3, The Greek World, the Jews, and the East (2006).pdf

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159 KB
28 lis 11 10:21

Fergus Millar, Guy M. Rogers, Hannah M. Cotton, Ha nnah M. Cotton - Rome, the Greek World, and the Ea st, Volume 2, Government, Society, and Culture in the Roman Empire (2004).jpg

Rome2 - Fergus Millar, Guy M. Rogers, Hannah M. Cotton, Hannah M...overnment, Society, and Culture in the Roman Empire 2004.jpg

Fergus Millar is one of the most influential contemporary historians of the ancient world. His essays and books, above all The Emperor in the Roman World and The Roman Near East, have transformed our understanding of the communal culture and civil government of the Greco-Roman world. This second volume of the three-volume collection of Millar's published essays draws together twenty of his classic pieces on the government, society, and culture of the Roman Empire (some of them published in inaccessible journals). Every article in Volume 2 addresses the themes of how the Roman Empire worked in practice and what it was like to live under Roman rule. As in the first volume of the collection, English translations of the extended Greek and Latin passages in the original articles make Millar's essays accessible to readers who do not read these languages.

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6,6 MB
28 lis 11 10:21

Fergus Millar, Guy M. Rogers, Hannah M. Cotton, Ha nnah M. Cotton - Rome, the Greek World, and the Ea st, Volume 2, Government, Society, and Culture in the Roman Empire (2004).pdf

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Glenn Warren Bowersock - Augustus and the Greek Wo rld (1982).jpg

The principal theme of this work is the process of consolidation of the Graeco-Roman world under the emperor Augustus. The book is the first to examine in detail the relations between Rome and the Greek-speaking peoples at this pivotal point in Roman history. Attention is paid to links with republican patterns of diplomacy as well as to adumbrations of the second-century empire. No attempt has been made to furnish a narrative account of familiar material.

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4,4 MB
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Glenn Warren Bowersock - Augustus and the Greek Wo rld (1982).pdf

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