BBC world sevice - BBC - grzracz

10,7 MB
12 paź 09 19:13

MI6_20091012-1000.mp3

The Century in the Shadows.
The first in a three-part series on the British Secret Intelligence Service explores the history of the MI6. Meet senior intelligence officers, agents and diplomats as well as their former arch rivals.

An unprecedented look inside MI6 - Britain's Secret Intelligence Service, which marks its centenary this year.

BBC security correspondent Gordon Corera talks to senior intelligence officers, agents and diplomats as well as their former arch enemies about the shadowy world of espionage.

Programme One - Gadgets & Green Ink explores the early years of MI6 - set up by Sir Mansfield Cumming, an eccentric and formidable figure known as 'C' who signed his name in green ink.

The highs and lows of the two world wars and details of some of the gadgets any self respecting agent could not do without.

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1 paź 09 21:22

Pirates_at_sea20091001-0906.mp3

Lost at sea

The mysterious disappearance of a Russian-operated cargo ship off the coast of Britain in July sparked furious speculation that's never been resolved. Assignment looks at what really happened on board the vessel, the Arctic Sea.

The mysterious disappearance of a Russian-operated cargo ship off the coast of Britain in late July sparked furious speculation that has never been resolved. Was it the first modern case of piracy in Europe as Russian officials would have us believe? Was the ship at the centre of a smugging operation by the Russian mafia? Or, most devastating of all, was the Russian government attempting to send a secret cargo - possibly anti-aircraft missiles - to Iran, as Israeli security sources now claim? What exactly happened to the Arctic Sea? For Assignment, Sarah Rainsford reports

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30 wrz 09 20:48

Migration_stories20090930-1020.mp3

Desperate Dreams
Presenter Jenny Cuffe sets out to find Fereinatu, a teenage girl who was trafficked for sex. She had returned to her impoverished home in Benin City, but she is missing once more and relatives fear she may have been sucked back into prostitution.

Every year, thousands of young people from sub-Saharan Africa set off across the desert dreaming of a better life in Europe.

Many fall prey to ruthless smugglers or find themselves stranded in a foreign country without the means to continue or return home.
In 2007, Jenny Cuffe followed the journeys of migrants and now two years on, she traces the steps of Innocent Akibor, who set off across the Sahara for Spain - and investigates the fate of Fereinatu, who was working as a prostitute in Libya.
In part two, Jenny sets out to find Fereinatu, the teenage girl who was trafficked for sex but returned to her impoverished home in Benin City.

She disappeared one day, saying she was going to wash clothes, and relatives fear she may have been sucked back into the illicit sex trade.

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28 wrz 09 17:35

Aids_breakthrough_20090928-1032.mp3

Cutting out HIV?

A major trial of an experimental HIV vaccine has yielded encouraging results. Is this the breakthrough which can finally give millions of sufferers hope?

12,4 MB
26 wrz 09 20:42

Buterfly_navigation20090925-1032.mp3

Flight of the Monarch.

A sophisticated internal body clock guides the complex Monarch butterfly along its migration path every season. Science in Action examines new research shedding light on this phenomenon.
DIYbio
They're being called "bio hackers" - but bedroom biotechnologists might be a better term. They can copy DNA, grow genetically modified bacteria and even carry out genetic tests from their makeshift labs.
"They" are a growing online community of amateur scientists who are trying their hand at synthetic biology – designing and constructing new biological parts, devices and systems. By finding the gene sequences they are interested in on the internet and shopping for equipment on online auction sites, they have set up labs - in their own homes. But what about the risks? Professor George Church, geneticist at Harvard Medical School, thinks it's a great way to get the public involved in important science, but it needs monitoring to stop dangerous biological agents from getting into the environment.
INDIAN ANCESTRY REVEALED
DNA is a fantastic tool for studying human population history – where we came from, and who we’re related to. One part of the world has a very interesting population history, and until now, has not been studied at the DNA level. But this week in the journal Nature, David Reich Professor of genetics at Harvard Medical School reports on the findings of a large scale study of human genetic variation on the Indian Subcontinent and what it could mean for the treatment of disease.
THINNING OF GREENLAND AND ANTARCTIC ICE SHEETS
New measurements, based on 50 million laser readings from a NASA satellite, have just confirmed what some scientists have been worried about: The melting of the ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica is accelerating along the edges and the faster they flow, the more ice is lost according to Professor David Vaughan from the British Antarctic Survey in Cambridge.
MIGRATION OF MONARCH BUTTERFLIES
Monarch butterflies are spectacular insects; they migrate from northern parts of the USA and southern Canada to warmer climes in a very specific site in the mountains west of Mexico City each autumn. Some travel more than 3000 kilo-metres to reach their destination. But how do they navigate? New research (in this week's journal Science) has shown that these butterflies have a sophisticated internal body clock – called a circadian clock – to adjust their position as the sun moves through the sky. But it seems the monarch's clock isn't in their brain, like ours is, but in their antennae. Professor Steven Reppert, from the Department of Neurobiology, University of Massachusetts Medical School in the USA explains the novel way they tested the theory.

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22 wrz 09 20:15

UN_reform_20090922-1000.mp3

An impossible mission ?
The United Nations is often derided for its huge bureaucracy and perceived inefficiency. Change has often been talked about, but less often done. Why is it so hard to reform the UN?
The United Nations is one of the world's most recognisable brands. But it's been dogged for years by criticism that it's too slow, too bloated, too inefficient. Reform has often been talked about --- less often done. Lucy Williamson asks why is it so hard to reform the UN?

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21 wrz 09 18:34

Sudan_20090921-1107.mp3

Keeping the peace.
With an upsurge in violence and political in-fighting in Southern Sudan, Analysis questions whether the Comprehensive Peace Agreement is working.

Since 2005 the Comprehensive Peace Agreement between North and South Sudan has kept a measure of peace in place. But rising violence in the South, combined with disagreements over everything from census figures, to oil revenues, have led to questions about whether that peace can hold.

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18 wrz 09 14:11

Aftershock_20090917-1617.mp3

Building out of Recession.

The Empire State Building became a beacon of hope in the Great Depression of 1929. Jonathan Glancey finds out if we can build ourselves out of recession this time around.

It is said that the skyline of a great city tells you a lot about its mood.

In times of wealth, it soars higher and higher, buildings compete to be the biggest and the best.

In bad times, the skyline stays cautiously still.

Yet just weeks after the Wall Street Crash signalled the greatest economic recession of living memory, work started on what was for decades the world's tallest building.

This might have seemed a crazy project to go ahead with, especially as for almost a decade after its completion in 1931, the world's most famous skyscraper was all but unable to earn its keep.

In fact, it was popularly known as the "Empty State Building" as the tower only turned in a profit for the first time in 1950.

The Empire State Building represented hope in a time of depression.

Yet what a stirring symbol of US know-how, go-gettingness and muscular construction the Empire State Building proved to be. It was a beacon of hope throughout the Great Depression, a sign of how the US might just build itself out of recession, as we could do today, and as the Chinese government has promised to do in the years ahead.

Jonathan Glancey, architecture correspondent for the Guardian newspaper in London, looks at the economic and social policies of the 1930s and the parallels we can find today.

He sets out to discover the construction projects which might now mirror the achievement of the Empire State Building and speaks to the visionary architects who are determined to make it possible.

He visits the USA to look at major projects underway in inner city Chicago and asks if the Obama administration will back the type of investment seen in Franklin D. Roosevelt's 'New Deal' programme in the 30s.

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16 wrz 09 15:10

World_order20090916-1200.mp3

History by number.
Behind mathematics lies an intricate web of cultural and historical significance that is key to humanity. Designer and number theorist Cecil Balmond inspects the history of numbers.
n the last of his series, world-renowned building designer and engineer, Cecil Balmond, draws on his breadth of professional expertise to focus on numbers in creation and design. He takes a walk to St Paul’s Cathedral in London to speculate on the forces which hold the famous dome in place; unpicks the numerical harmonies first discovered by the Greeks, and the rhythms that drive the Argentinean Tango; and Keith Devlin from Stanford on the west coast of America – the birthplace of Google – discusses the future of numbers for this century and beyond.

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15 wrz 09 22:24

Obama's influences20090915-1617.mp3

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14 wrz 09 21:26

Zambia_20090914-1032.mp3

Battling HIV

Letlhogile Lucas reports on a huge campaign hoping to get half a million young men circumcised to help reduce HIV rates. Could it be the solution to Africa’s HIV problem?
Is a photograph of a woman giving birth, pornography? That is the question currently being discussed in the law courts of Zambia. Claudia Hammond talks to BBC Correspondent Jonah Fisher about the latest news from this extraordinary case.

Could male circumcision be the solution to Africa’s HIV problem? Letlhogile Lucas reports from Botswana about a huge campaign hoping to get half a million young men circumcised to help reduce HIV rates. But is male circumcision alone the answer? Claudia talks to two HIV experts about why this is still a controversial subject.

And Bollywood and mental illness, what psychiatrists can learn from studying cinema.

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14 wrz 09 21:13

black rights_20090914-1005.mp3

An American pursuit.
Benjamin Jealous is the leader of America's oldest and largest black civil rights group. In a USA fronted by Barack Obama, what are the future battlegrounds for African American human rights?
Benjamin Jealous is the new leader of America's oldest and largest civil rights group, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).

Now that America is fronted by a black president, how much work does this organisation still need to do?

According to Jealous, "The nature of the battles we are fighting has shifted".
NAACP leader Benjamin Jealous

Thanks to the groundbreaking civil rights victories of the past, African Americans now have the right to go into any restaurant they wish. But thanks to the legacy of segregation and continuing discrimination, many cannot afford what is on the menu.

As for the organisation itself, Jealous joins the NAACP in its centenary year, but at a time when it is suffering from an image crisis and dwindling membership.

Jealous plans to kick the organisation into the 21st century, encouraging new members to use technology to document discrimination and force change, and to turn the organisation back into the political powerhouse of its prime.

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10 wrz 09 21:48

Nuclear_power_20090910-1032.mp3

Eco rebel.
One Planet talks to Patrick Moore, a former Greenpeace director who protested against nuclear power. Now he rather controversially believes that nuclear energy is essential for solving the world's energy problems.
We don't set out to be controversial on One Planet - just to provide a platform for views and opinions on development and the environment that might teach us something. The team don't have the answers to our problems, so we're searching for them, and helpfully you'll find some with us along the way. But controversy is, I suspect, going to come from an interview Mike's just finished with the environmentalist Patrick Moore.

Patrick is a former director of Greenpeace International, and was in fact one of the select band of people involved in the organisation's first ever direct action some 38 years ago. He left in the late 1980s, and now runs a consultancy business advising companies on sustainability. But he's not worried about ruffling the feathers of his former colleagues. Have a read of some of the views he expressed during our interview:

"I do not believe that we know for certain that we are causing global warming or climate change. I believe the subject is so much more complex than we understand."

"In retrospect it's clear to me, that myself and all the rest of us made a very serious mistake in lumping nuclear energy with nuclear weapons... Nuclear energy uses radioactive substances to produce energy that is emissions free, and greenhouse gas emissions to boot."

Whether you share his views or not, I'm sure you'll agree it's interesting to hear these opinions from someone who spent so many years at the top of one of the world's largest environment organisations.

Also in this week's show, we visited the cleanest village in India, and explore the idea of an individual's responsibility to the environment. Plus, one year on from the global financial crisis, we look at what developing nations are doing to help the poorest cushion the blow of the downturn.

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9 wrz 09 20:31

Russia_20090909-1030.mp3

Caucasus violence.
There has been a spate of suicide bombings in Russia's troubled North Caucasus region. Commentators are taking this as evidence of extremist Islam, but where do the roots of the unrest really lie?
There's been an upsurge in violence in Russia's troubled North Caucasus region recently. Most worrying for the Russian authorities is the re-emergence of suicide bombings - which commentators take as evidence of extremist Islam. But where do the roots of the unrest lie?

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8 wrz 09 17:42

US_healthcare_20090908-1030.mp3

Obama's challange.
President Obama will address a joint session of Congress in an attempt to regain control of the debate on healthcare reform. Paul Adams reports on why this is such a long-running, ideological battle.
In an attempt to regain control of the debate about healthcare in the United States President Obama will take the unusual step of addressing a joint session of Congress on Wednesday. The argument over healthcare reform got very heated over the summer - now that the politicians are all back in Washington, will Barack Obama be able to drive through the changes he'd planned?

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6 wrz 09 18:43

Diplomatic_disaster0090905-1932.mp3

Brown's big mistake.
Was the release of the convicted Lockerbie bomber in Britain's national interest or a diplomatic disaster? If the decision was taken in Scotland why is Gordon Brown taking the blame?
Britain's special relationship with America is under strain: was the release of the convicted Lockerbie bomber in Britain's national interest or a diplomatic disaster? But if the decision was taken in Scotland why is Gordon Brown taking the flak? Better than ever exam results for Britain's school children suggest that education is working well, but is it? One writer suggests the real story is in the children who get left behind. And the politics of cycling: why Britain needs to get on its bike to catch up with the rest of Europe. All that on Politics UK.

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2 wrz 09 18:00

Citizen_journalists_20090902-0900.mp3

Citizen journalism - democracy or chaos ?
Michael Buerk analyses the potential – and the dangers – of citizen journalism. In part one, he talks to bloggers and critics from Sri Lanka, Iran, Burma, and Iraq.
Citizen journalism is a fast-growing worldwide phenomenon.

‘We are all journalists now,’ boast the twitters and bloggers who – thanks to the internet – can talk to the world as reporter, broadcaster, publisher, and editor.

In two programmes for the BBC World Service, Michael Buerk goes to the heart of the phenomenon, discovering the best and the worst, analysing the potential and the dangers, and focusing on issues of truth and trust.

‘Authenticity’ is what citizen journalists believe they are about, seeing themselves as Davids fighting against Goliaths. But critics point to problems of fakery, manipulation, partisanship, bias, and lack of accountability. Why it should be assumed that ‘the little man’ is necessarily morally superior to ‘the big organisation’?

Yet in countries where freedom of expression is repressed, it is bloggers who are challenging authoritarian regimes in ways traditional journalists cannot. Citizen journalists are enabling the rest of us to read stories and to see pictures that repressive regimes would rather stayed secret.

The critics remain vocal. What has really been achieved? Small victories, perhaps, but no Watergates as yet. And will this phenomenon extend democracy or end in chaos?

Part one

In the first episode Michael Buerk talks to bloggers and critics from Sri Lanka, Iran, Burma, and Iraq.

‘What is going on,’ he reports, ‘is a struggle between old power and new technology for the control of cyberspace itself.’

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1 wrz 09 21:26

internat dating_20090901-0830.mp3

Loved up?
How does internet matchmaking compare across Africa and India? Gareth Mitchell finds out if being able to select the caste or tribe of a potential partner online increase segregation and racial tension.
RUNNING OUT OF CYBERSPACE

Simon Morton, from Radio New Zealand, talks to 'father of the internet' Vint Cerf.

In his initial internet 'experiment' Vint created enough space for 4.3billion devices to connect to the net. But it turns out that wasn't enough.

He's now working on an 'internet protocol' called IPV6 - which will increase the internet's capacity to 340trillion trillion trillion IP addresses.

MOBILE STROKE SOLUTION

Husband and wife team Kevin and Sarah Brown talk about their joint project to help stroke patients communicate more effectively using a simple tech solution.

INTERNET DATING IN AFRICA & INDIA

Gareth discusses international internet dating protocol with Simdul Shagaya, founder of Alarena.com in Nigeria and Guarav Rakshit, from Shaadi.com India.

Does being able to choose the caste or tribe of you potential partner online increase segregation and racial tension?

Or is it just a reflection of real life relationships?

DO YOU LIVE IN AFRICA?

If you live in Africa we want your views on the arrival of broadband to the continent.

Are you benefiting from the new broadband services? Or are speeds still low and costs still high?

If your country isn't connected to the fibre optic cable yet, how do you manage to get around slow internet speeds?

We'd like you to send us AUDIO or VIDEO clips of your views for a special edition of Digital Planet from Kenya on 15th September.

HOW TO SEND IN YOUR AUDIO/VIDEO CLIPS

MOBILE: Send them by MMS to +44 7725 100100

WEB: Upload them using the weblink below.

PLEASE MARK YOUR ENTRIES 'CONNECTED AFRICA - DIGITAL PLANET'

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1 wrz 09 14:25

British Army_20090901-1030.mp3

UK defence review.
Is Britiain still a military world power? Can it afford to be? Nick Childs reports on the UK government's first strategic defence review in over a decade.
In Britain, the strains of the military campaign in Afghanistan and the financial strains of the global economic crisis have combined to persuade the British government to launch its first strategic defence review in over a decade, to ask the questions: what role in the world does Britain now want, and what can it afford? Our Defence Correspondent Nick Childs asks whether Britain must now contemplate a lower position in the world's pecking order in future.

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1 wrz 09 12:50

Oligarchs.mp3

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29 sie 09 18:47

Japanese elections20090828-1030.mp3

Japan's elections promise.
Why has the ruling Japanese government become so unpopular? Duncan Bartlett looks to the coming elections and asks how the opposition intends to change Japan.
Japan could have a new government soon if the ruling party is defeated in this weekend's elections. Opinion polls suggest it is a long way behind the opposition, which blames the government for its handling of the recent recession. Duncan Bartlett examines why the government has become so unpopular and asks how the opposition intends to change Japan.

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24 sie 09 15:42

Poverty_20090824-1005.mp3

Why is Africa Poor?
Outsiders have been coming to Africa for centuries for its raw materials and potential. It was an exploitative relationship that has contributed to Africa's poverty, but can foreigners now turn the fortunes of a modern Africa?
Mark Doyle crosses the continent of Africa and finds a place rich in natural resources and human potential, which begs the question, why is Africa poor?
Conflicts - between Africans, with non-Africans and sometimes with the land itself - continue to make too many people on the continent among the poorest on earth.

Doyle explores questions of democracy, modern communications and the impact of multi-national corporations.

Though the question 'why is Africa poor?' is a straightforward one, the answers are not.

Africa and the World

Mark takes a look at the impact of foreign investors on countries such as Liberia and Sudan.

Are Africans right to be suspicious of investors, or is the industry that foreigners bring - practical help in the form of building bridges and railways, and making the most of a country's natural mineral deposits - the beginnings of large scale development?

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20 sie 09 15:30

Counter-terrorism_20090820-1128.mp3

Strategic partners.
In America’s fight against terrorism in Africa, Djibouti is seen as having a key role. But the growing US presence in this African Muslim state has caused unease among locals. Fran Abrams reports on the impact.
Djibouti plays a key role in America’s fight against terrorism in Africa. It is home to Camp Lemonier, a military base for 2,000 US personnel. The camp, which is rapidly expanding, was reported to have been used by the Bush administration to interrogate suspects and to launch air strikes on Islamist militants in nearby Somalia. It has become a little slice of America in the Horn Of Africa.

But the growing US presence in this Muslim state has caused unease among locals, some of whom say the Americans have insufficient concern for their human rights. What are the economic and political benefits to Djibouti of being closely allied to the United States? Also, how does this sit alongside the developing influence of Iran in this tiny, strategically placed country at the entrance to the Red Sea?

For Assignment Fran Abrams is given rare access to the US base in Djibouti questioning military chiefs, local leaders and ordinary Djiboutians as she explores the role and impact of America's African outpost.

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19 sie 09 17:04

Poaching_20090819-1032.mp3

Elephants in crisis.
Is the African elephant once again heading for extinction? Andrew Luck-Baker visits Kenya, one place where elephant poaching is accelerating.
Is the African elephant once again heading for extinction?

Twenty years ago the African elephant was being fast-tracked to biological oblivion by poaching. In response, the world voted to outlaw the international trade in ivory. Since then, elephant numbers in many countries have been recovering. But in the last five years, ivory poaching and trafficking have surged upwards again.

One group of conservation scientists has calculated that 38,000 animals every year are being slaughtered to feed the demand for ivory products in East Asia. If that poaching rate is correct and sustained, the African elephant will be extinct effectively across most of the continent within fifteen years.

Some other elephant experts argue the slaughter rate is not as high as this but are still alarmed at the steep increase in poaching in many African countries.

Andrew Luck-Baker visits Kenya, just one of the countries where elephant poaching is accelerating. He also talks to the scientist behind an ivory DNA test which is helping the fight against the organised crime syndicates, which are behind the illegal trade.

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19 sie 09 14:17

Gold2_20090819-1111.mp3

The story of gold.
Nick Rankin descends into the deepest goldmine in the world, TauTona in South Africa, and talks to the miners about their lives underground.
As the paper-money financial world is revealed to be fictional, people have been rushing to invest, once again, in "real" gold.

Nick Rankin unlocks the history and enduring fascination of the rare yellow metal that has been integral to economic exchange systems for millennia.

From King Midas to gold-rushes, from bling to Wall Street, this three-part series takes in the global realities and rich symbolism of the coveted mineral that shines on us all.
In part two, Nick descends into the deepest goldmine in the world – TauTona in South Africa.

5,000 miners extract gold up to four kilometres under the surface but for every tonne of ore they take out, there is only eight grammes of gold to be found.

Nick talks to miners about their lives underground and learns about the real price of gold.

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18 sie 09 10:45

Alternative_medicine20090817-1032.mp3

Can needles stop pain?
Does Chinese acupuncture work and if so, how does it affect the brain? Claudia Hammond talks to researchers who have been putting this ancient technique to the test.
Does Chinese acupuncture work and if so what is going on in the brain? Claudia Hammond talks to researchers who have been putting this ancient technique to the test.

Heart Disease is now the number one killer in Botswana and many other parts of the developing world. After years of focusing on health issues such as HIV and Malaria, countries like Botswana are now having to tackle a problem normally associated with unhealthy western lifestyles.

Claudia Hammond finds out how children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder may experience time differently from the rest of us.

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17 sie 09 15:25

Super-organism20090816-0900.mp3

Learning from ants.
The Forum discusses the idea of how individual ants with very sophisticated levels of co-operating and communicating create a super-organism which functions as one without a controlling overseer. Can we learn from this?
Bridget Kendall hosts three prominent international thinkers debating big ideas.
Bert Holldobler won a Pulitzer Prize for his ground breaking writing on ants. He talks about the idea of super-organism: how individual ants with very sophisticated levels of co-operating and communicating create a super-organism which functions as one without a controlling overseer. Can we learn from this?

Richard Sennet, Centennial Professor of Sociology at the London School of Economics, the Bemis Adjunct Professor of Sociology at MIT and Professor of the Humanities at New York University, looks at why the current upheaval in the world economic systems provides an impetus towards changing the work practices of white collar workers.

Rose Issa, an independent curator, producer and writer specialising in contemporary Iranian and Arab art, on why finding loopholes is the central preoccupation of Iranian artists and the new aesthetic language they have developed to make it happen.

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17 sie 09 15:11

Fine_foods_in_China_20090814-1510.mp3

selling cheese to the Chinese
Mukul Devichand tells the story of the Europeans who are trying to persuade China's expanding middle class to ditch their noodles and soya in favour of pricey European fine foods.
Mukul Devichand travels to Shanghai to tell the story of the Europeans who are trying to persuade China's expanding middle class that it is worth ditching their noodles and soya, and paying for pricey European fine foods instead.
He explores a world of classes in western table manners, Single Malt Karaoke and Shanghai jazz DJs who broadcast shows about brie and camembert. Beneath the colourful marketing, Mukul discovers that the story of food helps to reveal who the new Chinese middle classes really are.

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17 sie 09 14:42

Assisted_dying_20090816-1000.mp3

The right to die.
Euthanasia is now legal in a growing number of countries. New legistalation will force the UK to clarify its position on a person's right to die. Are attitudes to euthanasia changing?
Few countries currently permit euthanasia. But the number is growing and a recent legal ruling will force the government in the UK to clarify whether it's ever permissible to help someone end their own life.
Vincent Dowd asks, are attitudes to euthanasia are changing?

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15 sie 09 14:26

Russia's_military_20090813-1000.mp3

Russia's power balance.
Is the Russian military as powerful as it would like the world to believe? A year on from Moscow's campaign in Georgia, James Rodger's assesses Russia's military shortcomings.
Last broadcast today, 05:40 on BBC World Service.
Synopsis

When Moscow sent troops into Georgia last year, this was widely seen as a move designed not only to achieve a military objective, but also to demonstrate that Russia was once again a major military force. But the Russian victory also exposed some serious shortcomings. With Russia now set to embark on major military reform, James Rodgers asks what is the real state of the Russian Army?