Much has been written about the wealth of nations, the history of unequal distribution of wealth, and the creation of zones of affluence and deprivation, both within and between societies. This book sets out to explore why some Asian nations are more prosperous than others through an examination of how their interaction with and utilization of resources has changed over the centuries.

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3,3 MB
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Greg Bankoff, Peter Boomgaard - A History of Natu ral Resources in Asia (2007).pdf

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27 KB
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Angus Mackay, David Ditchburn - Atlas of Medieval Europe (1997).jpeg

Covering the period from the fall of the Roman Empire through to the beginnings of the Renaissance, this indispensable volume investigates the major political, social and cultural changes, showing their spread throughout the middle ages. It uses the most recent developments in scholarship.

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48 KB
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Marie Boas Hall - The Scientific Renaissance 1450- 1630 (1994).jpg

Exceptional work examines Copernican revolution, discusses alchemy, astrology and Harvey’s discovery of the circulatory system, Galileo’s telescopic discoveries, much more.

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20,8 MB
24 wrz 11 14:51

Marie Boas Hall - The Scientific Renaissance 1450- 1630 (1994).pdf

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228 KB
24 wrz 11 14:51

Osprey - Fortress 16 - Charles Stephenson - The Fo rtifications Of Malta 1530-1945 (2004).jpg

The Island of Malta occupies a pivotal position in the Mediterranean, forming an outpost between North Africa and the soft underbelly of Europe. Such has been its strategic importance throughout the years that it has become one of the most fortified places in the world. Following the successful defence of the island during the Great Siege of 1565, the Knights Hospitaller built new walls and fortifications. These defences failed when Napoleon occupied Malta in 1798, and the island was retaken by the British in 1800. From this point onwards, Malta’s defences were modernised throughout the 19th century and the island’s final test came during World War II. This book examines all these different styles of fortification from the 16th to the 20th century.

Contents
'The Key to Malta' · The Knights of St John: Arrival and Survival · Construction and Reconstruction · The Outer Ring · Malta under the British: 1800-1940 · The Second Siege: 1940-43 · Malta as an Archaeological Site · The Sites Today · Bibliography and Further Reading · Glossary · Index

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204 KB
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Osprey - Fortress 46 - Stuart Reid - Castles And T ower Houses Of The Scottish Clans 1450-1650 [2006).jpg

With the exception of the key royal sites, such as Stirling and Edinburgh, few Scottish castles were located at strategic points, or were intended to house garrisons required to defend or subjugate towns. Instead they were primarily fortified dwelling houses, erected in an environment of weak Royal authority and endemic feuding between rival clans and groups, in both Highland and Lowland areas. Although some enceinte castles were developed during the 16th and 17th centuries, most defensive construction focused on the tower house, a distinctive vernacular style of Scottish fortification. This book examines the design, development, and purpose of these quintessentially Scottish buildings, and also covers larger sites such as Urquhart and Blackness.

Contents
Introduction · Chronology · Design and development · Construction · Principles of defence · Tour of a castle: Urquhart · Everyday life in the castles and tower houses · The castles and tower houses at war · The fate of the castles and towers · Index

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Stephen Turnbull - The Book of the Medieval Knight (1995).jpg

Fearless in battle, gracious in victory, knights lived their lives on a heroic scale, during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. Vividly retold with superb color and black-and-white photographs and illustrations. "...fantastic...recommend this book most highly....Excellent...."--Midwest Wargamer's Assoc. .... "Superbly illustrated...outstanding....Glorious full-color photographs...exquisite and informative study."--BRAVO.

About the Author
Dr Stephen Turnbull has made himself the world's expert on the Samurai, using his years of diligent research to publish a whole series of bestselling Samurai histories. He is widely employed as a consultant authority on Japanese history and religion.

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89,4 MB
24 wrz 11 14:51

Stephen Turnbull - The Book of the Medieval Knight (1995).pdf

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71 KB
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Aidan Meehan - Celting Design, The Dragon And The Griffin, The Viking Impact (1995).jpg

The designs and patterns of the Celts, expressed in their metalwork, stonework and jewelry, and continued in the manuscript illumination of Celtic Christianity, are an art form whose legacy has fascinated both Celtic and non-Celtic peoples for centuries. This book adds to the series of practical, step-by-step guides on Celtic design for designers and craftspeople. It studies the intricate dragon and griffin patterns that form the basis of the distinctive style of art that arose after the Viking's invasion of Ireland around 850 AD.

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36,4 MB
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Aidan Meehan - Celting Design, The Dragon And The Griffin, The Viking Impact (1995).pdf

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97 KB
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Gregory Clark - A Farewell to Alms, A Brief Econom ic History of the World (2008).jpg

Why are some parts of the world so rich and others so poor? Why did the Industrial Revolution--and the unprecedented economic growth that came with it--occur in eighteenth-century England, and not at some other time, or in some other place? Why didn't industrialization make the whole world rich--and why did it make large parts of the world even poorer? In A Farewell to Alms, Gregory Clark tackles these profound questions and suggests a new and provocative way in which culture--not exploitation, geography, or resources--explains the wealth, and the poverty, of nations.

Countering the prevailing theory that the Industrial Revolution was sparked by the sudden development of stable political, legal, and economic institutions in seventeenth-century Europe, Clark shows that such institutions existed long before industrialization. He argues instead that these institutions gradually led to deep cultural changes by encouraging people to abandon hunter-gatherer instincts-violence, impatience, and economy of effort-and adopt economic habits-hard work, rationality, and education.

The problem, Clark says, is that only societies that have long histories of settlement and security seem to develop the cultural characteristics and effective workforces that enable economic growth. For the many societies that have not enjoyed long periods of stability, industrialization has not been a blessing. Clark also dissects the notion, championed by Jared Diamond in Guns, Germs, and Steel, that natural endowments such as geography account for differences in the wealth of nations.

A brilliant and sobering challenge to the idea that poor societies can be economically developed through outside intervention, A Farewell to Alms may change the way global economic history is understood.

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234 KB
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Jean-Denis G. G. Lepage - Medieval Armies and W eapons in Western Europe. An Illustrated History ( 1999).jpg

The Middle Ages are commonly divided into three periods—the early Middle Ages, the high or central Middle Ages, and the late Middle Ages. Each period was marked by its own crises and wars, and the weapons and fighters reflected the technological and other advancements being made. This book is a richly illustrated history of warfare in Western Europe during those years.

Part One, the early Middle Ages, covers the late Romans, the Germanic invaders and Byzantines, the Franks, the Vikings and Hungarians, and the Anglo-Saxons and Normans in England. Part Two, the high or central Middle Ages, considers the feudal system, knights and chivalry, knights at war, infantrymen, land warfare, siege and naval warfare, crusades in Palestine, templars and hospitalers, the Reconquista in Spain, and the Teutonic knights. Part Three, the late Middle Ages, discusses the evolution of new types of armor and weapons, the Hundred Years’ War, mercenaries, and firearms.

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48,8 MB
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Jean-Denis G. G. Lepage - Medieval Armies and W eapons in Western Europe. An Illustrated History ( 1999).pdf

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364 KB
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Davud Edge, John Miles Paddock - Arms & Armor of t he Medieval Knight, An Illustrated History of Weap onry in the Middle Ages (1991).jpg

Historia2 - Davud Edge, John Miles Paddock - Arms Armor of the Me...llustrated History of Weaponry in the Middle Ages 1991.jpg

One of the most frequent lures for the average reader into the medieval world is that of the knight in armor. It's hard to resist the vision of a mounted warrior in mail or plate, hoisting a banner or swinging a mighty sword. For those of us not content to settle for the Hollywood version of the men who led and followed, fought and died, and rode into history in the name of crown and country, this informative work by David Edge & John Miles Paddock is the best place to start learning the facts.

The authors follow the evolution of the European knight from his misty origins in the eighth century to the pomp and glory of the sixteenth. Through the use of numerous photographs of surviving armor, illuminated manuscripts, statues, tapestries, and other physical evidence of the past, they provide the reader with a clear and fairly accurate picture of how the knight would look at various stages of history and what weapons he would wield.

There is plenty of background material and explanatory text to help you pinpoint armor styles through the ages and understand how various weapons were used. The book is conveniently organized by era, with individual chapters for the 11th through 16th centuries. There is also a chapter on tournaments, an appendix on armor construction, and a glossary of armorial terms. All this makes for a very handy reference, one we could hope film-makers and authors would consult for more accurate representations than we've come to expect from popular fiction.

Most delightful of all, Arms & Armor of the Medieval Knight is a visual feast. The most wonderful artifacts offer clues to armor of the past, from coins and statuettes to the Bayeux Tapestry to a carved ivory and silver "water stoop." You'll want to hold some of these treasures in your hands and feel the connection to history that the authors so admirably convey.

The book is nicely produced in hardcover with very fine glossy photos, and at 12 x 8 inches, it's suitable for display on your coffee table. Its only real drawback is that it can be hard to find, so be prepared to buy it used, place a special order at your local bookstore, or take advantage of Internet purchasing power.

Whether your interest lies in militaria, general medieval studies, or even the romantic literature of the age, I can highly recommend this work as an enjoyable and informative doorway to the past.

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80,2 MB
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Davud Edge, John Miles Paddock - Arms & Armor of t he Medieval Knight, An Illustrated History of Weap onry in the Middle Ages (1991).pdf

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Batty Langley - Gothic Architecture, improved by r ules and proportions (1742).jpg

The architectural designs of Batty Langley greatly influenced England's Gothic Revival movement in the second half of the eighteenth century. This volume (beautifully engraved by his brother Thomas), which completely reproduces the author's most famous and influential work, displays columns, entablatures, windows, mantels, pavilions, and a host of other architectural features.

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42,1 MB
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Batty Langley - Gothic Architecture, improved by r ules and proportions (1742).pdf

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Donald M. G. Sutherland - The French Revolution an d Empire. The Quest for a Civic Order (2003).jpg

This book provides students and general readers with a history of France during the Revolution and Empire. It includes a narrative of events from the fall of the Bastille to the defeat of Napoleon, and a compelling analysis of why the revolution occurred. The book explains how the French Revolution encountered opposition not only from the privileged but also from the common people. It examines and analyzes various forms of resistance that arose when it became apparent that the hopes of 1789 could not be realized. The Terror of 1793–4 aimed to annihilate this resistance and remake human nature, but its violence and financial policies crippled successor governments and liberal institutions.

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1,5 MB
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Donald M. G. Sutherland - The French Revolution an d Empire. The Quest for a Civic Order (2003).pdf

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Mary Elvira Weeks - Discovery of the Elements, 6th Edition (1960).jpg

The material blessings that man enjoys today have re sulted largely from his ever-increasing knowledge of about one hundred simple substances, the chemical elements, most of which were entirely unknown to ancient civilizations. In the luxurious thermas of the Roman patrician, with all their lavish display of alabaster floors, porphyry walls, marble stairs, and mosaic ceil ings, no nickel-plated or chromium fixtures were to be seen;
among his artistic golden bowls and goblets no platinum or tantalum objects were ever to be found; with all his spoils of war he could not buy the smallest aluminum trinket. Even the haughtiest Roman conqueror was earthbound, for he knew no light metal like aluminum or magnesium and no light gas like hydrogen or helium to make lofty flight possible. Without a lantern in his hand, he could not walk along the splendid lava pavements of the city streets at night, for the white glow of the tungsten filament and the crimson glow of the neon tube were lacking. The water that came to him from mountain springs, lakes, and rivers through miles of magnificent aqueducts was a menace to health, for there was no chlorine with which to kill the bacteria. When accident befell him, there was no iodine for the healing of the wound; when he lay gasping for breath, no cylinder of oxygen to save him.
The story of the disclosure, one by one, of the chemical elements has never been told as a connected narrative. The re ports of these discoveries and the life stories of the discoverers are recorded for the most part in old chemical journals, bio graphical dictionaries, old letters, and obsolete textbooks that are seldom read by the busy modern chemist. It is hoped, therefore, that these chapters may not only render tribute to the honored men and women who helped to reveal the hidden chemical ele ments, but may also serve to acquaint chemists and others with these great achievements.
The task of selecting and eliminating material, has been pleasant but difficult, It has frequently happened that two or more men have discovered the same element independently, In other instances various observers have recognized the existence of a new element long before it was actually isolated. In such cases an attempt has been made to relate all important steps in the discovery as fairly and completely as possible without ascribing the honor of discovery to any one person. If the reader is led through closer acquaintance with the dis coverers of the chemical elements to a deeper appreciation of their glorious achievements, the book has not been written in vain.

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80,1 MB
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Mary Elvira Weeks - Discovery of the Elements, 6th Edition (1960).pdf

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Karl Gogg - Österreichs Kriegsmarine 1848-1918 (19 74).jpg

Historia2 - Karl Gogg - sterreichs Kriegsmarine 1848-1918 1974.jpg

German

Salzburg, Bergland-Buch, 1967. 8vo. Pp. 168. With halftone picture catalogue of 264 ships. Full explanatory lists. Hardcover, original decorated white cloth, flag imposed in red on upper cover, spine lettered in blue, with pictorial dust-jacket. In excellent condition. Fine copy. First edition.

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61,8 MB
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Karl Gogg - Österreichs Kriegsmarine 1848-1918 (19 74).pdf

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Spencer G. Lucas - Chinese Fossil Vertebrates (200 1).jpg

The literature on Chinese fossil vertebrates is extremely difficult for Western scholars to assimilate and interpret. In part, this is because much of that literature is in Chinese, and few useful reviews exist in Western languages. Yet China has an extensive vertebrate fossil record, one that plays a key role in understanding the evolution of vertebrates. Spencer Lucas gives an up-to-date review and synthesis of the Chinese vertebrate fossil record that will greatly facilitate an understanding of and further research into this outstanding fossil record. The book provides the reader with a comprehensive, chronologically ordered review of China's vertebrate fossil record. It also presents a history of vertebrate paleontological studies in China and an entrée to some important issues of systematics, evolutionary history, paleoecology, taphonomy, and functional anatomy best elucidated by China's fossils. This volume should therefore become an indispensable part of the library of any student of vertebrate evolution.

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Peter Murray - Architektura włoskiego renesansu (1 999).jpg

Architektura renesansowa, która pojawiła się około roku 1420 we Florencji w dziełach Brunelleschiego i Albertiego, osiągnęła swój szczyt w następnych pokoleniach wraz z pojawieniem się takich geniuszy dojrzałego renesansu, jak Bramante, Sanmicheli, Sangallo, Peruzzi, Sansovino i Michał Anioł. Ich twórczość w sposób jasny i z wyczuciem omawia profesor Murray. Była to nie tylko epoka niezrównanych osiągnięć architektonicznych w samej Italii. Dostarcza ona także klucza do zrozumienia rozwoju architektury w pozostałych krajach Europy w ciągu następnych trzech stuleci. Książka stanowi jedno z najlepszych wprowadzeń do problematyki architektury włoskiego renesansu.

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Richard Abel - Encyclopedia of Early Cinema (2005).jpg

Covering the 1890s to the mid-1910s, this work focuses on the period during which filmmaking progressed from the early flickering moving images that lasted only a matter of seconds to multiple-reel, feature films running more than an hour. By offering an international perspective and encompassing not only the production aspects of early motion pictures but also their distribution, exhibition, and reception, this work fills a gap in the reference literature on film.

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11,0 MB
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Richard Abel - Encyclopedia of Early Cinema (2005).pdf

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Barbara N. Ramusack - The New Cambridge History of India, Volume 3, Part 6, The Indian Princes and t heir States (2004).jpeg

Historia2 - Barbara N. Ramusack - The New Cambridge History of Ind...e 3, Part 6, The Indian Princes and their States 2004.jpeg

Barbara Ramusack describes the pre-colonial origins of the Indian princes, frequently portrayed as synonymous with oriental luxury, and how they adapted their public activities and personal lifestyles to survive as political leaders and cultural icons. Their collaboration enabled the British to govern India with relatively limited manpower from the late 1790s to 1947. The book is intended for students of colonial history and visitors to the princely states.

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Barbara N. Ramusack - The New Cambridge History of India, Volume 3, Part 6, The Indian Princes and t heir States (2004).pdf

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Super chomik! Zapraszam do mnie po wiele świetnych materiałów.

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Uwaga!!! Wszystkie pliki w tym chomiku zostały zamieszczone informacyjnie. Od momentu ściągnięcia na dysk pliki należy usunąć w ciągu 24h. Wykorzystywanie ich w celach komercyjnych jest niezgodne z prawem. Autor chomika nie ponosi żadnej odpowiedzialności za niezgodne z prawem wykorzystywanie zasobów znajdujących się w tym chomiku !!!