Clocks became common in late medieval Europe and the measurement of time began to rule everyday life. "God's Clockmaker: Richard of Wallingford and the Invention of Time" is a biography of England's greatest medieval scientist, a man who solved major practical and theoretical problems to build an extraordinary and pioneering astronomical and astrological clock. Richard of Wallingford (1292-1336), the son of a blacksmith, was a brilliant mathematician with a genius for the practical solution of technical problems. Trained at Oxford, he became a monk and then abbot of the great abbey of St Albans, where he built his clock. Although as abbot he held great power, he was also a tragic figure, becoming a leper. His achievement, nevertheless, is a striking example of the sophistication of medieval science, based on knowledge handed down from the Greeks via the Arabs.

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27,9 MB
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John North - God's Clockmaker (2006).pdf

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Tim William Machan - English in the Middle Ages (2 005).jpg

What did people in England in the Middle Ages think about language? What was their view of English, French, and Latin, and how did this influence the way they communicated? This book uses these questions as a basis for a ground-breaking investigation into the use and status of the English language in medieval England. Professor Machan suggests that many linguistic, literary, and historical considerations of medieval statements on language have significantly failed to take into account the social and linguistic contexts of their production. In this volume he explores not only medieval ideas about language but also the discursive traditions which generated them.

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1,1 MB
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Tim William Machan - English in the Middle Ages (2 005).pdf

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Niall Christie, Maya Yazigi - Noble Ideals and Blo ody Realities; Warfare in the Middle Ages (2006).jpg

The contributions presented in this volume address several issues related to the topic of medieval warfare from a variety of disciplinary perspectives and examining a number of geographical regions. The contributors analyze social and economic issues, military strategy, technological and medical developments, ideology and rhetoric, and address warfare in Europe, the Byzantine Empire and the Muslim world. In three parts, the contributors explore warfare in theory, warfare in practice and warfare as perceived through medieval and modern historiography. In doing so they present a number of engaging case studies that will be of use to students and scholars interested in warfare and its effects on medieval society.

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9,6 MB
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Niall Christie, Maya Yazigi - Noble Ideals and Blo ody Realities; Warfare in the Middle Ages (2006).rar

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Charles T. Wood - Joan of Arc and Richard III; Sex , Saints, and Government in the Middle Ages (1991).jpg

Joan of Arc and Richard III loom large in the histories of their countries, but the myths surrounding them have always obscured just who they were and what they hoped to accomplish. In this book, medieval historian Charles Wood brings these fascinating figures to life through an original combination of traditional biography and wide-ranging discussion of the political and social world in which they lived. Wood draws on a range of unusual sources--from art and legal codes to chronicles and lives of saints--to present a new picture of medieval people and their concerns. Focusing on topics often neglected by other historians, he includes lively discussions of royal adultery scandals, child-kings and the problems they posed, and earlier people and crises that helped to shape the culture of sex and sainthood that was profoundly that of the Middle Ages. In so doing, he clarifies the historical contributions of Richard and Joan, and sheds new light on the political, social, and religious forces that shaped medieval government and made France and England such widely different countries.

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9,4 MB
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Charles T. Wood - Joan of Arc and Richard III; Sex , Saints, and Government in the Middle Ages (1991).pdf

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Peter D. Clarke - The Interdict in the Thirteenth Century; A Question of Collective Guilt (2002).jpg

The interdict was an important and frequent event in medieval society. It was an ecclesiastical sanction which had the effect of closing churches and suspending religious services. Often imposed on an entire community because its leaders had violated the rights and laws of the Church, popes exploited it as a political weapon in their conflicts with secular rulers during the thirteenth century. In this book, Peter Clarke examines this significant but neglected subject, presenting a wealth of new evidence drawn from manuscripts and archival sources. He begins by exploring the basic legal and moral problem raised by the interdict: how could a sanction that punished many for the sins of the few be justified? From the twelfth-century, jurists and theologians argued that those who consented to the crimes of others shared in the responsibility and punishment for them. Hence important questions are raised about medieval ideas of community, especially about the relationship between its head and members. The book goes on to explore how the interdict was meant to work according to the medieval canonists, and how it actually worked in practice. In particular it examines princely and popular reactions to interdicts and how these encouraged the papacy to reform the sanction in order to make it more effective. Evidence including detailed case-studies of the interdict in action, is drawn from across thirteenth-century Europe--a time when the papacy's legislative activity and interference in the affairs of secular rulers were at their height.

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2,6 MB
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Peter D. Clarke - The Interdict in the Thirteenth Century; A Question of Collective Guilt (2002).pdf

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Alaric Hal - Elves in Anglo-Saxon England; Matters of Belief, Health, Gender and Identity (2007).jpg

Anglo-Saxon elves (Old English ælfe) are one of the best attested non-Christian beliefs in early medieval Europe, but current interpretations of the evidence derive directly from outdated nineteenth- and early twentieth-century scholarship. Integrating linguistic and textual approaches into an anthropologically-inspired framework, this book reassesses the full range of evidence. It traces continuities and changes in medieval non-Christian beliefs with a new degree of reliability, from pre-conversion times to the eleventh century and beyond, and uses comparative material from medieval Ireland and Scandinavia to argue for a dynamic relationship between beliefs and society. In particular, it interprets the cultural significance of elves as a cause of illness in medical texts, and provides new insights into the much-discussed Scandinavian magic of seidr. Elf-beliefs, moreover, were connected with Anglo-Saxon constructions of sex and gender; their changing nature provides a rare insight into a fascinating area of early medieval European culture. Shortlisted for the Katharine Briggs Folklore Award 2007 ALARIC HALL is a fellow of the Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies.

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2,8 MB
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Alaric Hal - Elves in Anglo-Saxon England; Matters of Belief, Health, Gender and Identity (2007).pdf

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Joseph P. Byrne - The Black Death (2004).jpg

An ideal introduction and guide to the greatest natural disaster to ever curse humanity, replete with illustrations, biographical sketches, and primary documents. Presents medieval and modern perspectives of this disturbing yet fascinating tragic historical episode.
JOSEPH P. BYRNE is a European historian and Associate Professor of Honors at Belmont University in Nashville, TN. He has conducted research and published articles on a wide variety of subjects, from Roman catacombs to American urbanization, though his area of expertise is Italy in the era of the Black Death.

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2,6 MB
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Joseph P. Byrne - The Black Death (2004).pdf

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Ambrus Miskolczy - Hitler's Library (2003).jpg

The first book that presents the so called Hitler-Library. It sheds new lights on the readings of Hitler and on his technics how to read a book. He played the role of the ideal reader of Schoppenhauer, nevertheless his remarks destroy the image of the contemporary Hitler-cult, mainly if we see how he read Ernst Jünger, Richard Wagner, or Paul de Lagarde, and how he reread his Mein Kampf.
Hitler is presented in this book as a reader and it verifies the explication of his personality (Hitler as follower of Wagner, Hitler as philosopher, Hitler as crazy, Hitler as clever politician, Hitler as hero): it gives the picture of a half-educated gangster.
As a kind of explication of the success of the nazism and that of the Hitler myth, the book tries to show the gnostic character of the phenomenon. This is a warning to the static views of the traditional historiography.

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2,7 MB
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Ambrus Miskolczy - Hitler's Library (2003).pdf

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Thomas W. Neumann - Practicing Archaeology; An Int roduction to Cultural Resources Archaeology (2010).jpg

This book is an excellent reference tool for consulting firms, contractors, graduate students, and others who need to know the nuts and bolts of professional archaeology.

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10,4 MB
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Thomas W. Neumann - Practicing Archaeology; An Int roduction to Cultural Resources Archaeology (2010).pdf

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Andy Wood - The 1549 Rebellions and the Making of Early Modern England (2007).jpg

This is a major new study of the 1549 rebellions, the largest and most important risings in Tudor England. Based upon extensive new archival evidence, the book sheds fresh light on the causes, course and long-term consequences of the insurrections. Andy Wood focuses on key themes in the new social history of politics, concerning the end of medieval popular rebellion; the Reformation and popular politics; popular political language; early modern state formation; speech, silence and social relations; and social memory and the historical representation of the rebellions. He examines the long-term significance of the rebellions for the development of English society, arguing that the rebellions represent an important moment of discontinuity between the late medieval and the early modern periods. This compelling new history of Tudor politics from the bottom up will be essential reading for late medieval and early modern historians as well as early modern literary critics.

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Geoff Mortimer - Early Modern Military History, 14 50-1815 (2004).jpg

Key military developments occurred in the Early Modern period, during which armies evolved from troops of medieval knights to Napoleon's mass levies. Firearms impelled change, necessitating new battlefield tactics and fundamentally altering siege and naval warfare. The size and cost of military forces expanded enormously, and new standing armies underpinned the growing absolutist power of princes. Academic experts from both sides of the Atlantic review these developments, discussing the medieval legacy, Spain, the Ottoman Turks, the Thirty Years War, Prussia, the ancient regime and the Napoleonic Wars, together with sea power, the American Revolution and warfare outside the West.

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0,8 MB
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Geoff Mortimer - Early Modern Military History, 14 50-1815 (2004).pdf

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Chris Wickham - Framing the Early Middle Ages; Eur ope and the Mediterranean, 400-800 (2007).jpg

The Roman empire tends to be seen as a whole whereas the early middle ages tends to be seen as a collection of regional histories, roughly corresponding to the land-areas of modern nation states. As a result, early medieval history is much more fragmented, and there have been few convincing syntheses of socio-economic change in the post-Roman world since the 1930s. In recent decades, the rise of early medieval archaeology has also transformed our source-base, but this has not been adequately integrated into analyses of documentary history in almost any country.
In Framing the Early Middle Ages Chris Wickham aims at integrating documentary and archaeological evidence together, and also, above all, at creating a comparative history of the period 400-800, by means of systematic comparative analyses of each of the regions of the latest Roman and immediately post-Roman world, from Denmark to Egypt (only the Slav areas are left out). The book concentrates on classic socio-economic themes, state finance, the wealth and identity of the aristocracy, estate management, peasant society, rural settlement, cities, and exchange. These are only a partial picture of the period, but they are intended as a framing for other developments, without which those other developments cannot be properly understood.
Wickham argues that only a complex comparative analysis can act as the basis for a wider synthesis. Whilst earlier syntheses have taken the development of a single region as 'typical', with divergent developments presented as exceptions, this book takes all different developments as typical, and aims to construct a synthesis based on a better understanding of difference and the reasons for it. This is the most ambitious and original survey of the period ever written.

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James L. Larson - Reforming the North; The Kingdom s and Churches of Scandinavia, 1520-1545 (2010).jpg

The turbulence of the Protestant Reformation marks a turning point in European history, but the Scandinavian contribution to this revolution is not well known outside the Northern world. Reforming the North focuses on twenty-five years (1520-1545 A.D.) of this history, during which Scandinavians terminated the medieval Union of Kalmar, toppled the Catholic Church, ended the commercial dominance of the German Hanse, and laid the foundations for centralized states on the ruins of old institutions and organizations. This book traces the chaotic and often violent transfer of resources and authority from the decentralized structures of medieval societies to the early modernstates and their territorial churches. Religious reform is regarded as an essential element in the process - in the context of social unrest, political conflict, and long-term changes in finance, trade, and warfare. Reformingthe North offers a broad perspective on this turbulent period and on the implications of the Protestant Reformation for Northern history.

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3,9 MB
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James L. Larson - Reforming the North; The Kingdom s and Churches of Scandinavia, 1520-1545 (2010).pdf

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Daniel Waley - Siena and the Sienese in the Thirte enth Century (2006).jpg

This book portrays the life and institutions of a great medieval Italian city, Siena, through the surviving records and buildings of the period. Laws, council minutes, records of the commune's revenue and expenditure, wills and other charters from the thirteenth century are among the plentiful material which makes up the picture of the city republic's institutions and those who ran them. The main themes are the political institutions of the city, and the involvement of the citizens in them. The preoccupations of the Sienese as revealed in their conciliar discussions are studied, as well as their attitudes to government and well-developed bureaucracy, their territorial overlordship in southern Tuscany, and their involvement in diplomacy and war. The religion of the Sienese is also investigated. This is a portrait of a special, but not untypical, society which was engaged in an experiment in oligarchic self-government. Although the milieu was urban, Siena's bankers and tradesmen, craftsmen and those involved in transport and agricultural labour, were in many cases landowners:the city was dependent on and greatly involved with its rural environment. The precocity of the commune's governmental methods and the wealth of information that has survived mean that the medieval life of this famous and beautiful Tuscan city can be depicted in full and convincing detail.

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5,4 MB
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Daniel Waley - Siena and the Sienese in the Thirte enth Century (2006).pdf

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2,7 MB
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Faye Getz – Medicine in the English Middle Ages (1 998).pdf

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Frans Theuws, Carine Van Rhijn, Mayke De Jong - To pographies of Power in the Early Middle Ages (2001 ).jpg

The 19 papers presented in this volume by North American and European historians and archaeologists discuss how early medieval political and religious elites constructed "places of power", and how such places, in turn, created powerful people. They also examine how the "high-level" power exercized by elites was transformed in the post-Roman kingdoms of Europe, as Roman cities gave way as central stages for rituals of power to a multitude of places and spaces where political and religious power were represented. Although the Frankish kingdoms receive a large share of attention, contributions also focus on the changing topography of power in the old centres of the Roman world, Rome and Constantinople, to what "centres of power" may have meant in the steppes of Inner Asia, Scandinavia or the lower Vistula, where political power was even more mobile and decentralized than in the post-Roman kingdoms, as well as to monasteries and their integration into early medieval topographies of power.

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4,3 MB
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Frans Theuws, Carine Van Rhijn, Mayke De Jong - To pographies of Power in the Early Middle Ages (2001 ).pdf

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James Fraser - Caledonia to Pictland (2008).jpg

From Caledonia to Pictland examines the transformation of Iron Age northern Britain into a land of Christian kingdoms, long before 'Scotland' came into existence. Perched at the edge of the western Roman Empire, northern Britain was not unaffected by the experience, and became swept up in the great tide of processes which gave rise to the early medieval West. Like other places, the country experienced social and ethnic metamorphoses, Christianisation, and colonization by dislocated outsiders, but northern Britain also has its own unique story to tell in the first eight centuries AD. This book is the first detailed political history to treat these centuries as a single period, with due regard for Scotland's position in the bigger story of late Antique transition. From Caledonia to Pictland charts the complex and shadowy processes which saw the familiar Picts, Northumbrians, North Britons and Gaels of early Scottish history become established in the country, the achievements of their foremost political figures, and their ongoing links with the world around them.It is a story that has become much revised through changing trends in scholarly approaches to the challenging evidence, and that transformation too is explained for the benefit of students and general readers. Key Features: *The only detailed political history to treat the first eight centuries AD as a single period of Scottish history. *Redresses the imbalance created by an existing literature dominated by archaeologists. From Caledonia to Pictland provides a narrative history of the period. *Bridges a traditional disciplinary divide between the Roman and early medieval periods. *Locates this phase of Scotland's history within a European context, emphasising what is unique and what is not.

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