This book defines over 5,000 terms relating to architectural design, history, and technology. It is the only dictionary that provides concise, accurate definitions illustrated with finely detailed, hand-rendered drawings, each executed in Mr. Ching's signature style.

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Derek S. Linton - Who Has the Youth, Has the Futur e, The Campaign to Save Young Workers in Imperial Germany (1991).jpg

Historia2 - Derek S. Linton - Who Has the Youth, Has the Future, T...mpaign to Save Young Workers in Imperial Germany 1991.jpg

Virtually all discussions of the problematic character of youth and society in twentieth century Germany begin with the middle class Wandervogel and end with the Hitler Youth. In this revisionist study Derek S. Linton argues that youth emerged as an important social problem around 1900 without any reference to the Wandervogel. Instead, fears of socialism, urban disorder, mass culture, and youthful independence prompted Liberal social reformers to constitute young workers as a social problem. Linton traces the "natural history" of this social problem from recognition to institutional reform. He especially explores such institutions as mandatory evening vocational schools and adult sponsored youth clubs designed to integrate young workers in Wilhelmine society. Based on his analysis of youth reform, Linton ends by discussing some of the recent debates over the reformability of Imperial Germany and relations between the Empire and the Nazi regime.

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Jens Bartelson - Visions of World Community (2009).jpg

Throughout the history of Western political thought, the creation of a world community has been seen as a way of overcoming discord between political communities without imposing sovereign authority from above. Jens Bartelson argues that a paradox lies at the centre of discussions of worldcommunity. The very same division of mankind into distinct peoples living in different places which makes the idea of a world community morally compelling has also been the main obstacle to its successful realization. His book offers a philosophical and historical analysis of the idea of worldcommunity by exploring the relationship between theories of world community and changing cosmological beliefs from the late Middle Ages to the present.

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Jens Bartelson - Visions of World Community (2009).pdf

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Jydson Knight - Middle Ages Reference Library vol. 1- 5 (2001).jpg

Volume 1 – Almanac
Volume 2-3 – biographies
Volume 4 - Primary Sources
Volume 5 - Cumulative Index

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Jydson Knight - Middle Ages Reference Library vol. 1- 5 (2001) [PDF x 5].rar

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Walter L, Adamson - Avant-Garde Florence, From Mod ernism to Fascism (1993).jpg

They envisioned a brave new world, and what they got was fascism. As vibrant as its counterparts in Paris, Munich, and Milan, the avant-garde of Florence rose on a wave of artistic, political, and social idealism that swept the world with the arrival of the twentieth century. How the movement flourished in its first heady years, only to flounder in the bloody wake of World War I, is a fascinating story, told here for the first time. It is the history of a whole generation's extraordinary promise--and equally extraordinary failure.The "decadentism" of D'Annunzio, the philosophical ideals of Croce and Gentile, the politics of Italian socialism: all these strains flowed together to buoy the emergingavant-garde in Florence . Walter Adamson shows us the young artists and writers caught up in the intellectual ferment of their time, among them the poet Giovanni Papini, the painter Ardengo Soffici, and the cultural critic Giuseppe Prezzolini. He depicts a generation rejecting provincialism, seeking spiritual freedom in Paris, and ultimately blending the modernist style found there with their own sense of toscanità or "being Tuscan.

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Walter L, Adamson - Avant-Garde Florence, From Mod ernism to Fascism (1993).pdf

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Bas van Bavel - Manors and Markets, Economy and So ciety in the Low Countries 500-1600 (2010).jpg

The Low Countries-an area roughly embracing the present-day Netherlands and Belgium-formed a patchwork of varied economic and social development in the Middle Ages, with some regions displaying a remarkable dynamism. Manors and Markets charts the history of these vibrant economies and societies, and contrasts them with alternative paths of development, from the early medieval period to the beginning of the seventeenth century.

Providing a concise overview of social and economic changes over more than a thousand years, Bas van Bavel assesses the impact of the social and institutional organization that saw the Low Countries become the most urbanized and densely populated part of Europe by the end of the Middle Ages. By delving into the early and high medieval history of society, van Bavel uncovers the foundations of the flourishing of the medieval Flemish towns and the forces that propelled Holland towards its Golden Age.

Exploring the Low Countries at a regional level, van Bavel highlights the importance of localized structures for determining the nature of social transitions and economic growth. He assesses the role of manorial organization, the emergence of markets, the rise of towns, the quest for self-determination by ordinary people, and the sharp regional differences in development that can be observed in the very long run. In doing so, the book offers a significant contribution to the debate about the causes of economic and social change, both past and present

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Bas van Bavel - Manors and Markets, Economy and So ciety in the Low Countries 500-1600 (2010).pdf

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Constantine Fitzgibbon - Secret Intelligence in th e 20th Century (1978).jpg

The role of undercover intelligence operations in determining the outcome of global warfare has for too long been shrouded in a veil of misleading obscurity.

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Constantine Fitzgibbon - Secret Intelligence in th e 20th Century (1978).pdf

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Kriss Ravetto - The Unmaking of Fascist Aesthetics (2002).jpg

Amid the charged debate over whether-and how-the Holocaust can be represented, films about fascism, nazis, and the Final Solution keep coming. And in works by filmmakers from Bertolucci to Spielberg, debauched images of nazi and fascist eroticism, symbols of violence and immorality, often bear an uncanny resemblance to the images and symbols once used by the fascists themselves to demarcate racial, sexual, and political others. This book exposes the "madness" inherent in such a course, which attests to the impossibility of disengaging visual and rhetorical constructions from political, ideological, and moral codes. In a brilliant analysis with ramifications far beyond the realm of film, Kriss Ravetto argues that contemporary discourses using such devices actually continue unacknowledged rhetorical, moral, and visual analogies of the past. Against postwar fictional and historical accounts of World War II in which generic images of evil characterize the nazi and the fascist, Ravetto sets the different, more complex approach of such filmmakers as Pier Paolo Pasolini, Liliana Cavani, and Lina Wertmüller. Rather than reassuring viewers of the triumph of the forces of Good over the forces of Evil and the reinstitution of ethical values, these filmmakers confound the binary oppositions that produce clear and identifiable heroes and villains. Here we see how their work-complicating conventions of gender identity, class identifications, and the economy of victim and victimizer-disturbs rather than reassures the audience seeking relief from a sense of "bad history." Drawing on history, philosophy, critical theory, film, literature, and art, Ravetto demonstrates the complex relationship of thinking about fascism with moral discourse, sexual politics, and economic practices. Her book asks us to think deeply about what it means to say that we have conquered fascism, when the aesthetics of fascism still describe and determine how we look at political figures and global events.

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Kriss Ravetto - The Unmaking of Fascist Aesthetics (2002).pdf

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C. Scott Dixon - Protestants, A History from Witte nberg to Pennsylvania 1517 - 1740 (2010).jpg

Protestants: A History from Wittenberg to Pennsylvania, 1517-1740 presents a comprehensive thematic history of the rise and influence of the branches of Christianity that emerged out of the Protestant Reformation.

* Represents the only English language single-volume survey of the rise of early modern Protestantism from its Lutheran beginnings in Germany to its spread to America
* Offers a thematic approach to Protestantism by tracing its development within the social, political, and cultural context of early modern Europe
* Introduces innovative argument that the central dynamic of Protestantism was not its struggle with Catholicism but its own inner dynamic
* Breaks from traditional scholarship by arguing that the rise of Reformation Protestantism lasted at least two centuries
* Unites Old World and New World Protestant histories

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C. Scott Dixon - Protestants, A History from Witte nberg to Pennsylvania 1517 - 1740 (2010).pdf

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Osprey - Campaign 85 - Peter Harrington - Peking 1 900, The Boxer Rebellion (2001).jpg

In 1900 a violent rebellion swept northern China – the Boxer Rebellion. The Boxers were a secret society who sought to rid their country of the pernicious influence of the foreign powers who had gradually acquired a stranglehold on China. With the connivance of the Imperial Court they laid siege to the legation quarter of Peking. Trapped inside were an assortment of diplomats, civilians and a small number of troops. They were all Sir Claude Macdonald, the British Minister in Peking, had to defend against thousands of hostile Boxers and Imperial troops. It would now be a race against time. Could the rag-tag defenders hold out long enough for the gathering relief force to reach them? This book describes the desperate series of events as the multinational force rushed to their rescue.

Bokserów powstanie, powstanie ludowe w północno-wschodnich Chinach 1899-1901, skierowane przeciwko mandżurskiej dynastii Qing oraz wzrastającym wpływom politycznym i gospodarczym obcych mocarstw w Chinach. Nastroje antyzachodnie, panujące w najniższych warstwach społeczeństwa przyczyniły się do powstawania licznych tajnych związków. Jeden z nich, Yihequan ("pięść w imię sprawiedliwości i pokoju" - stąd nazwa powstania) zapoczątkował zbrojne wystąpienia w prowincji Shandong, które szybko się rozprzestrzeniły. W VI 1900 powstańcy zaatakowali dzielnicę ambasad w Pekinie, zabijając m.in. posła niemieckiego C. von Kettlera, co stało się dla mocarstw zach. pretekstem do wysłania ekspedycji wojskowych. 40-tysięczny korpus ekspedycyjny (oddziały niemieckie, brytyjskie, japońskie, rosyjskie, amerykańskie, francuskie oraz symboliczne włoskie i austriacko-węgierskie), dowodzony przez niemieckiego feldmarszałka A. von Waldersee, zdobył w VIII tegoż roku stolicę, a następnie przez kilka miesięcy pacyfikował prowincje ogarnięte powstaniem bokserów. Rebelia zakończona została zawarciem 7 IX 1901 tzw. protokołu końcowego, nakładającego na Chiny wiele ograniczeń, m.in. rząd chiński zobowiązywał się do wypłacenia interwentom kontrybucji wojennych oraz zwalczania ruchów wymierzonych przeciwko cudzoziemcom, zezwolono także państwom biorącym udział w ekspedycji na pozostawienie oddziałów wojskowych w europejskiej dzielnicy Pekinu oraz wzdłuż linii kolejowej Pekin-Tianjin.

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Osprey - Campaign 221 - Ian Sumner - The First Bat tle of the Marne 1914 (2010).jpg

n 1914 the Germans launched an offensive that swept through Belgium and into France, threatening to crush French resistance in one fell swoop. However, through careful maneuvering and stubborn resistance, the French Army, aided by the BEF, blunted the assault, winning an important strategic victory that kept France in the war. This victory ensured that Germany would have to fight a two-front war, and the Western Front descended into the stalemate of trench warfare. One of the most important battles in the First World War, the First Battle of the Marne would be the last battle of maneuver to be seen on the Western Front for several years to come.

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Osprey - Campain 185 - Naseby 1645, The triumph of the New Model Army (2007).jpg

In 1645 the fate of the British monarchy hung in the balance as the Royalist Army under King Charles I fought the Parliamentarian Army for control of the country. In this book Martin Marix Evans gives a vivid account of the pivotal battle of Naseby. He introduces the origins of the campaign and explores the strengths and weaknesses of the opposing armies, including the famous New Model Army. Dramatic and fast-paced first-hand accounts tell how the fighting unfolded on that fateful day. Featuring strategic maps and new information regarding the troops and battlefield, the author uses his unparalleled knowledge of the terrain, as well as archaeological evidence, to piece together a remarkable blow-by-blow account of the battle that lost the King his throne.

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Osprey - Men-at-Arms 45 - Michael Roffe - Napoleon 's Polish Troops (1974).jpg

In 1795 the kingdom of Poland fell prey to her stronger neighbours, Russia, Prussia and Austria. Following the death of the king of Poland in 1798, his kingdom was divided among these three neighbouring powers. France became increasingly involved, and protested at Poland's treatment, offering refuge for Polish exiles. On 11 October 1796 the Polish Legion was formed in the French army by General Dombrowski and Napoleon. This book covers the uniforms, dress, organisation and equipment of the infantry, artillery, and cavalry of Napoleon's Polish Troops. Among the cavalry units covered are the Chasseurs and Lancers. This title also provides a summary of the Polish divisions' campaigns in Spain, Russia and within Poland itself.

Contents
· Introduction · The Grand Duchy of Warsaw · The Poles in Spain · In Poland, 1809 · Russia 1812 · The Last Act · Uniforms · Colour plate commentary

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Marios Costambeys - Power and Patronage in Early M edieval Italy, Local Society, Italian Politics and the Abbey of Farfa, c.700-900 (2007).jpg

Historia2 - Marios Costambeys - Power and Patronage in Early Medie...talian Politics and the Abbey of Farfa, c.700-900 2007.jpg

Founded around the beginning of the eighth century in the Sabine hills north of Rome, the abbey of Farfa was for centuries a barometer of social and political change in central Italy. Conventionally, the region's history in the early Middle Ages revolves around the rise of the papacy as a secular political power. But Farfa's avoidance of domination by the pope throughout its early medieval history, despite one pope's involvement in its early establishment, reveals that papal aggrandizement had strict limits. Other parties - local elites, as well as Lombard and then Carolingian rulers - were often more important in structuring power in the region. Many were also patrons of Farfa, and this book reveals how a major ecclesiastical institution operated in early medieval politics, as a conduit for others' interests, and a player in its own right.

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Patricia Barnes-Svarney, Thomas Svarney - The Hand y Dinosaur Answer Book (2010).jpg

Featuring more than 600 questions about dinosaurs—such as What dinosaurs are thought to have evolved into birds? Did dinosaurs travel in herds? and Where and what is the Dinosaur Freeway?—this fun-filled fact-book provides a wealth of information on the lives and habits of these astonishing creatures. From the Tyrannosaurus rex to the Stegosaurus, the guide profiles numerous species, chronicling their time on earth and exploring their roles in archaeological expeditions and museums today. Delightful and intriguing, this comprehensive record includes the debates still surrounding the origins and fate of these creatures that dominated the earth for millions of years but seemed to disappear in the blink of an eye.

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Patricia Barnes-Svarney, Thomas Svarney - The Hand y Dinosaur Answer Book (2010).pdf

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Patrick O'Brien - Atlas of World History, Concise Edition (2002).jpg

This useful resource is also dangerously absorbing, allowing readers to pore over charts, maps and short articles on such subjects as the golden age of Athens, the 16th-century expansion of the Mughal Empire through India, the foreign policy of Mao Zedong and the break-up of the Soviet Union. This overview of human history, with 450 maps and 160 illustrations, begins with the emergence of Homo sapiens and culminates with the post-WWII era, moving among various regions of the globe in chronological order. It's divided into sections on ancient, medieval, early modern, Enlightenment and 20th century history, with easy-to-read two-page entries covering such subjects as "Barbarian Invasions of the Roman Empire, 100-500" and "The Development of Australia and New Zealand Since 1790." The section on postwar life includes charts showing migration patterns, female enfranchisement, distribution of wealth across the globe and changes in the environment. O'Brien, a professor at the London School of Economics, has done a fine job editing this concise edition, an excellent gift book for students of history.

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Robert Harbison - Travels in the History of Archit ecture (2009).jpg

The twentieth-century architect Mies van der Rohe once declared that 'Architecture starts when you carefully put two bricks together'. In Travels in the History of Architecture, renowned architectural writer Robert Harbison looks closely at these bricks, taking us on a journey through the great themes and movements of architecture, from antiquity to the present day. Taking as a starting place his own experience of the physical fabric of buildings, Harbison interprets the conceptions of the original architects and makers, pointing out carefully crafted detail and inspiring form along the way. Beginning with the great temples and tombs of the Egyptians, and the monuments and shrines of Greek and Roman architecture, and concluding with the museums of the twenty-first century, each chapter of his Travels focuses on a moment in architectural history, including Byzantine, Baroque, Mannerism, Historicism, Functionalism and Deconstructionism. Harbison's free-ranging approach draws in references from history, literature and art to illuminate his theme: from Pausanias' travel writing to illustrate the monuments of ancient Greece, or a poem praising marble decoration to help us understand how its makers saw the cathedral of Hagia Sophia, to a French rococo painting to probe the meaning of an English landscape garden. Approachable, catholic, idiosyncratic yet authoritative, Harbison's account works equally well as an enlivening introduction to the history of architecture, or as a refreshingly different take on familiar territory for those who are ready to see old monuments in energizing new ways.

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Robert Harbison - Travels in the History of Archit ecture (2009).pdf

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Vladimir Rubtsov - The Tunguska Mystery (2009).jpg

The purpose of the book is a dual one: to detail the nature and results of Tunguska investigations in the former USSR and present-day CIS, and to destroy two long-standing myths still held in the West. The first concerns alleged “final solutions” that have ostensibly been found in Russia or elsewhere. The second concerns the mistaken belief that there has been little or no progress in understanding the nature of the Tunguska phenomenon. All this is treated by the author in a scholarly and responsible manner. Although the book does present certain unusual findings of Russian and Ukrainian scholars, it is important to stress that this is not a sensational book; it is, rather, a serious exposition of the results of rational investigations into a difficult scientific problem. We are demonstrating the true complexity of the problem that is now entering its second century of existence. Simple meteoritic models cannot explain all the characteristics of this complicated event, and therefore certain so-called “unconventional hypotheses” about the nature of the Tunguska explosion are to be considered as well.

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Vladimir Rubtsov - The Tunguska Mystery (2009).pdf

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Antonio Costa Pinto - The Last Empire, Thirty Year s of Portuguese Decolonisation (2004).jpg

This volume is the result of a conference organized by the Contemporary Portuguese Political History Research Centre (CPHRC) and the University of Dundee that took place during September 2000. The purpose of this conference, and the resulting book, was to bring together various experts in the field to analyse and debate the process of Portuguese decolonization, which was then 25 years old, and the effects of this on the Portuguese themselves. The book takes a multidisciplinary look at both the causes and the consequences of Portuguese decolonization, and places the loss of Portugal's Eastern Empire in the context of the loss of its African Empire. It also relates the process of Portuguese decolonization with the search for a new Portuguese vision of its place in the world.

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Super chomik! Zapraszam do mnie po wiele świetnych materiałów.

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Uwaga!!! Wszystkie pliki w tym chomiku zostały zamieszczone informacyjnie. Od momentu ściągnięcia na dysk pliki należy usunąć w ciągu 24h. Wykorzystywanie ich w celach komercyjnych jest niezgodne z prawem. Autor chomika nie ponosi żadnej odpowiedzialności za niezgodne z prawem wykorzystywanie zasobów znajdujących się w tym chomiku !!!