Elizabeth and James, Sidney, Spenser, and Shakespeare, Bacon and Ellesmere, Perkins and Laud, Milton and Hobbes-this begins a list of early modern luminaries who write on 'equity'. In this study Mark Fortier addresses the concept of equity from early in the sixteenth century until 1660, drawing on the work of lawyers, jurists, politicians, kings and parliamentarians, theologians and divines, poets, dramatists, colonists and imperialists, radicals, royalists, and those who argue on gender issues. He examines how writers in all these groups make use of the word equity and its attendant notions. Equity, he argues, is a powerful concept in the period; he analyses how notions of equity play a prominent part in discourses that have or seek to have influence on major social conflicts and issues in early modern England. Fortier here maps the actual and extensive presence of equity in the intellectual life of early modern England. In so doing, he reveals how equity itself acts as an umbrella term for a wide array of ideas, which defeats any attempt to limit narrowly the meaning of the term. He argues instead that there is in early modern England a distinct and striking culture of equity characterized and strengthened by the diversity of its genealogy and its applications. This culture manifests itself, inter alia, in the following major ways: as a basic component, grounded in the old and new testaments, of a model for Christian society; as the justification for a justice system over and above the common law; as an imperative for royal prerogative; as a free ranging subject for poetry and drama; as a nascent grounding for broadly cast social justice; as a rallying cry for revolution and individual rights and freedoms. Working from an empirical account of the many meanings of equity over time, the author moves from a historical understanding of equity to a theorization of equity in its multiplicity. A profoundly literary study, this book also touches on matters of legal and intellectual history, legal and cultural theory, moral and political philosophy, and theology.

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Nicola Di Cosmo - Ancient China and its Enemies, T he Rise of Nomadic Power in East Asian History (20 02).jpg

This comprehensive history of the northern frontier of China through the first millennium B.C. details the formation of two increasingly distinct cultural areas: the sedentary Chinese and the northern nomads. Nicola Di Cosmo explores the tensions existing between these two worlds as they became progressively more polarized, with the eventual creation of the nomadic Hsiung-nu empire in the north, and of the Chinese empire in the south. Di Cosmo investigates the origins of the antagonism between early China and its "barbarian" neighbors.

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4,1 MB
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Nicola Di Cosmo - Ancient China and its Enemies, T he Rise of Nomadic Power in East Asian History (20 02).pdf

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Paul Slack, Rick Ward - The Peopling of Britain, T he Shaping of a Human Landscape (2002).jpg

This volume reviews the way in which, over the centuries, the evolving human presence in Britain has shaped the British landscape and how, in turn, the British landscape has molded the development of British communities. The chapters in this book - by archaeologists, historians, and geographers - present an interdisciplinary and accessible account of that long process. Together they trace the various phases of the story, showing how much of it has only recently been unearthed, and how much remains to be discovered.

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1,5 MB
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Paul Slack, Rick Ward - The Peopling of Britain, T he Shaping of a Human Landscape (2002).pdf

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Philip L. Kohl - The Making of Bronze Age Eurasia (2007).jpg

This book provides an overview of Bronze Age societies of Western Eurasia through an investigation of the archaeological record. Philip L. Kohl outlines the long-term processes and patterns of interaction that link these groups together in a shared historical trajectory of development. Interactions took the form of the exchange of raw materials and finished goods, the spread and sharing of technologies, and the movements of peoples from one region to another. Kohl reconstructs economic activities from subsistence practices to the production and exchange of metals and other materials. He also examines long-term processes, such as the development of more mobile forms of animal husbandry, which were based on the introduction and large-scale utilization of oxen-drive wheeled wagons and , subsequently, the domestication and riding of horses; the spread of metalworking technologies and exploitation of new centers of metallurgical production; changes in systems of exchange from those dominated by the movement of luxury goods to those in which materials essential for maintaining and securing the reproduction of the societies participating in the exchange network accompanied and/or supplanted the trade in precious materials; and increasing evidence for militarism and political instabilities as reflected in shifts in settlement patterns, including increases in fortified sites, and quantitative and qualitative advances in weaponry. Kohl also argues forcefully that the main task of the archaeologist should be to write culture-history on a spatially and temporally grand scale in an effort to detect large, macrohistorical processes of interaction and shared development.

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Susan Toby Evans - Palaces of the Ancient New Worl d (2004).jpg

Among the most sumptuous buildings of antiquity were royal palaces. As in the Old World, kings and nobles of ancient Mexico and Peru had luxurious administrative quarters in cities, and exquisite pleasure palaces in the countryside. This volume explores the great houses of the ancient New World, from palaces of the Aztecs and Incas, looted by the Spanish conquistadors, to those lost high in the Andes and deep in the jungle. This volume, the first scholarly compendium of elite residences of the high cultures of the New World, presents definitive descriptions and interpretations by leading scholars in the field. Authoritative yet accessible, this extensively illustrated book will serve as an important resource for anthropologists, archaeologists, and historians of art, architecture, and related disciplines.

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6,0 MB
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Susan Toby Evans - Palaces of the Ancient New Worl d (2004).pdf

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Osprey - Fortress 95 - David Nicolle - Ottoman For tifications 1300-1710 (2010).jpg

The Ottoman Empire was heir to the architectural traditions not only of the Byzantine Empire but also to those of the medieval Islamic Middle East. Having learned from these, the Ottomans created a fusion of military architectural styles to which they added what they learned from their later medieval and early modern European rivals. This book explores the historical background, socio-political circumstances and purposes of Ottoman military architecture, and reveals the incorporation of many different traditions that led to specific developments in form, function and decoration of these remarkable constructions. Among the areas covered are urban fortifications and the role of cities, frontier fortresses and the role of the Janissaries, garrison citadels as seats of power, and the role of small forts in protecting major communications, trade and pilgrimage routes.

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David Williams - Liners in Battledress, Wartime Ca mouflage and Colour Schemes for Passenger Ships (1 989).jpg

Traces the fascinating history of special marking for liners from the Boer War to the Falklands campaign. This book covers all protective schemes and "Dazzle" markings with photographs depicting each scheme.

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55,2 MB
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David Williams - Liners in Battledress, Wartime Ca mouflage and Colour Schemes for Passenger Ships (1 989).pdf

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Dick Teresi - Lost Discoveries, The Ancient Roots of Modern Science (2002).jpg

Science journalist Teresi (coauthor of The God Particle) has combed the literature to catalogue the scientific advances made by early non-Western societies and to determine their impact on Western science. His work spans millennia and encompasses the full extent of the globe. He points out, for example, that five millennia ago the Sumerians concluded that the earth was round. He also provides information on cultures of the Middle East, India, China, Africa and Oceania, as well as a host of New World cultures, predominately those of Mesoamerica.

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6,6 MB
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Dick Teresi - Lost Discoveries, The Ancient Roots of Modern Science (2002).pdf

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Isobel Armstrong - Victorian Glassworlds, Glass Cu lture and the Imagination 1830-1880 (2008).jpg

Isobel Armstrong's startlingly original and beautifully illustrated book tells the stories that spring from the mass-production of glass in nineteenth-century England. Moving across technology, industry, local history, architecture, literature, print culture, the visual arts, optics, and philosophy, it will transform our understanding of the Victorian period.
The mass production of glass in the nineteenth century transformed an ancient material into a modern one, at the same time transforming the environment and the nineteenth-century imagination. It created a new glass culture hitherto inconceivable. Glass culture constituted Victorian modernity. It was made from infinite variations of the prefabricated glass panel, and the lens. The mirror and the window became its formative elements, both the texts and constituents of glass culture. The glassworlds of the century are heterogeneous. They manifest themselves in the technologies of the factory furnace, in the myths of Cinderella and her glass slipper circulated in print media, in the ideologies of the conservatory as building type, in the fantasia of the shopfront, in the production of chandeliers, in the Crystal Palace, and the lens-made images of the magic lantern and microscope. But they were nevertheless governed by two inescapable conditions.
First, to look through glass was to look through the residues of the breath of an unknown artisan, because glass was mass produced by incorporating glassblowing into the division of labour. Second, literally a new medium, glass brought the ambiguity of transparency and the problems of mediation into the everyday. It intervened between seer and seen, incorporating a modern philosophical problem into bodily experience. Thus for poets and novelists glass took on material and ontological, political, and aesthetic meanings.
Reading glass forwards into Bauhaus modernism, Walter Benjamin overlooked an early phase of glass culture where the languages of glass are different. The book charts this phase in three parts. Factory archives, trade union records, and periodicals document the individual manufacturers and artisans who founded glass culture, the industrial tourists who described it, and the systematic politics of window-breaking. Part Two, culminating in glass under glass at the Crystal Palace, reads the glassing of the environment, including the mirror, the window, and controversy round the conservatory, and their inscription in poems and novels. Part Three explores the lens, from optical toys to 'philosophical' instruments as the telescope and microscope were known.
A meditation on its history and phenomenology, Victorian Glassworlds is a poetics of glass for nineteenth-century modernity.

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Isobel Armstrong - Victorian Glassworlds, Glass Cu lture and the Imagination 1830-1880 (2008).pdf

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Peter Melville Logan - Victorian Fetishism, Intell ectuals and Primitives (2009).jpg

Examines the importance of fetishism in nineteenth-century cultural theory.

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Peter Melville Logan - Victorian Fetishism, Intell ectuals and Primitives (2009).pdf

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Linda S. Cordell, Kent Lightfoot, Francis McManamo n, George Milner - Archaeology in America, An Ency clopedia (2008).jpg

Historia2 - Linda S. Cordell, Kent Lightfoot, Francis McManamon, G... Milner - Archaeology in America, An Encyclopedia 2008.jpg

The greatness of America is right under our feet. The American past—the people, battles, industry and homes—can be found not only in libraries and museums, but also in hundreds of archaeological sites that scientists investigate with great care. These sites are not in distant lands, accessible only by research scientists, but nearby—almost every locale possesses a parcel of land worthy of archaeological exploration. Archaeology in America is the first resource that provides students, researchers, and anyone interested in their local history with a survey of the most important archaeological discoveries in North America. Leading scholars, most with an intimate knowledge of the area, have written in-depth essays on over 300 of the most important archaeological sites that explain the importance of the site, the history of the people who left the artifacts, and the nature of the ongoing research.

Archaeology in America divides it coverage into 8 regions: the Arctic and Subarctic, the Great Basin and Plateau, the Great Plains and Rocky Mountains, the Midwest, the Northeast, the Southeast, the Southwest, and the West Coast. Each entry provides readers with an accessible overview of the archaeological site as well as books and articles for further research.

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Linda S. Cordell, Kent Lightfoot, Francis McManamo n, George Milner - Archaeology in America, An Ency clopedia (2008).pdf

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Osprey - Elite 137 - Philip Jowett - The Mexican R evolution 1910-20 (2006).jpg

Some of the most famous Western movies have been set against the background of the Mexican Revolution of the early 20th century. Now, for the first time in English, Osprey offer a concise but fact-packed account of the events, armies, uniforms and weapons of those ten chaotic and bloody years, putting in context such famous but half-understood names as Diaz, Pancho Villa, Zapata, Madero and Huerta. The text is illustrated with many rare and fascinating period photographs, and with eight detailed color plates of orfiristas and Rurales, Maderisitas, Federales, Villistas, Zapatistas,and US volunteers and intervention troops.

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Thomas M. Wilson, Hastings Donnan - The Anthropolo gy of Ireland (2006).jpg

--Where and what is Ireland?--What are the identities of the people of Ireland?--How has European Union policy shaped Irish people's lives and interests?This book argues that such questions can be answered only by understanding everyday aspects of Irish culture and identity. Such understanding is acheived by paying close attention to what people in Ireland themselves say about the radical changes in their lives in the context of wider global transformation. As notions of sex, religion, and politics are radically reworked in an Ireland being re-imagined in ways inconceivable just a generation ago, anthropologists have been at the forefront of recording the results. The first comprehensive book-length introduction to anthropological research on the island as a whole considers the changing place in a changing Ireland of religion, sex , sport, race, dance, young people, the Travellers, St. Patrick's Day and much more.

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12,4 MB
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Thomas M. Wilson, Hastings Donnan - The Anthropolo gy of Ireland (2006).pdf

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Kai-Yuan Chang, Zhang Kaiyuan - Eyewitnesses to Ma ssacre, American Missionaries Bear Witness to Japa nese Atrocities in Nanjing (2000).jpg

Historia2 - Kai-Yuan Chang, Zhang Kaiyuan - Eyewitnesses to Massac...es Bear Witness to Japanese Atrocities in Nanjing 2000.jpg

A first-hand testimony of the Nanjing Massacre. It contains eyewitness accounts by a group of nine men and one woman -dedicated, compassionate, well-educated, articulate and devout missionaries, who were there on the scene, and refused to leave.
The infamous Nanjing Massacre of 1937, in which the Japanese Imperial Army raped and slaughtered countless Chinese citizens on the eve of World War II, has been described in well-publicized books from various Chinese, Japanese and German perspectives. But this collection of first-hand testimony from the archives of the Yale Divinity School Library may be the most powerful record of all. Here are eyewitness accounts by a remarkable group of nine men and one woman -- dedicated, compassionate, well-educated, articulate, and devout missionaries who were there on the scene, refusing to leave, and doing everything in their power to save the Chinese victims of this appalling atrocity.

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Kai-Yuan Chang, Zhang Kaiyuan - Eyewitnesses to Ma ssacre, American Missionaries Bear Witness to Japa nese Atrocities in Nanjing (2000).pdf

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Sarah Ferber - Demonic Possession and Exorcism in Early Modern France (2004).jpg

In 1993 in the state of Victoria, Australia, four people went on trial for the manslaughter of a woman, Joan Vollmer. The four accused said she had died during their attempts to control and expel violent devils, which they claimed had taken over her body. To defend this use of force against ‘demonic’ resistance, the counsel for the accused referred the court to a seventeenth-century account of authorised Catholic exorcisms in France. The account was written in 1635 by a young English Anglican playwright, Thomas Killigrew, who had travelled to France with a Catholic friend to visit the town of Loudun, in Poitou.

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Winston S. Churchill - Memoirs of the Second World War (1991).jpg

An Abridgement of the Six Volumes of the Second World War

The quintessence of the war as seen by it's greatest player, in a one-volumn abridged edition that captures all the drama of the original volumes. Winston S. Churchill (1874-1965) has been called by historians "the man of the twentieth century." Prime Minister of Great Britain (1940-1945), Churchill won the Nobel prize for literature in 1953.

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Winston S. Churchill - Memoirs of the Second World War (1991).pdf

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Osprey - Men-at-Arms 440 - Ronald Pawly - Napoleon 's Polish Lancers Of The Imperial Guard (2007).jpg

This book draws on original regimental records to give by far the most detailed account ever published in English of the organization and personalities of the most renowned of the foreign units that served in the Emperor's armies. Unlike most of his foreign troops, these Polish horsemen were true volunteers, who owed their honoured place in his Imperial Guard to their proven courage and dash on battlefields from Spain to Russia. The text is illustrated with rare portraits and photographs, and with detailed colour plates of the Lancers' magnificent uniforms.

Contents
Poland 1806–07 · Formation as Light Horse 1807 · Spain 1808 · Complete conversion to Lancers 1809 – Wagram – organization and uniforms · 1812 – the vain hope of a restored Polish kingdom – the Russian campaign – enlargement to two regiments · The 1813–14 campaigns – Leipzig, and the death of Prince Poniatowski · Elba – the squadron of honour · 1815

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Osprey - Campaign 225 - Alexander Turner - Messine s 1917, The Zenith of Siege Warfare (2010).jpg

At 0310 hours on 7 June 1917, the pre-dawn gloom on the Western Front was shattered by the ‘pillars of fire’ – the rapid detonation of 19 huge mines, secreted in tunnels under the German lines and containing 450 tonnes of explosives. Admitted by the Germans to be a ‘masterstroke’, the devastating blasts caused 10,000 soldiers to later be posted simply as ‘missing’. Launching a pre-planned attack into the carnage, supported by tanks and a devastating artillery barrage, the British took the strategic objective of Messines Ridge within hours. A rare example of innovation and success in the First World War, this book is a fresh and timely examination of a fascinating campaign.

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wagnerka9595 napisano 8.08.2020 18:20

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Super chomik! Zapraszam do mnie po wiele świetnych materiałów.

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Super chomik

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ChomiczekZawistniczek napisano 20.06.2023 19:50

Uwaga!!! Wszystkie pliki w tym chomiku zostały zamieszczone informacyjnie. Od momentu ściągnięcia na dysk pliki należy usunąć w ciągu 24h. Wykorzystywanie ich w celach komercyjnych jest niezgodne z prawem. Autor chomika nie ponosi żadnej odpowiedzialności za niezgodne z prawem wykorzystywanie zasobów znajdujących się w tym chomiku !!!