In his thousand-day presidency, John F. Kennedy led America through one of its most difficult and potentially explosive eras. With the Cold War at its height and the threat of communist advances in Europe and the Third World, Kennedy had the unenviable task of maintaining U.S. solidarity without leading the western world into a nuclear catastrophe.
In Kennedy's Wars, noted historian Lawrence Freedman draws on the best of Cold War scholarship and newly released government documents to illuminate Kennedy's approach to war and his efforts for peace. He recreates insightfully the political and intellectual milieu of the foreign policy establishment during Kennedy's era with vivid profiles of his top advisors - Robert McNamara, Dean Rusk, Robert Kennedy - and influential figures such as Dean Acheson and Walt Rostow. Tracing the evolution of traditional liberalism into the Cold War liberalism of Kennedy's cabinet, Freedman evaluates their responses to the tensions in Berlin, Cuba, Laos, and Vietnam. He gives each conflict individual attention, showing how foreign policy decisions came to be defined for each new crisis in the light of those that had gone before. Readers will follow Kennedy as he wrestles with the succession of major conflicts - taking advice, weighing the risks of inadvertently escalating the Cold War into outright military confrontation, exploring diplomatic options, and forming strategic judgments that would eventually prevent a major war during his presidency.
Kennedy's Wars offers a dynamic and human portrait of Kennedy under pressure: a political leader shaped by the ideas of his time, conscious of his vulnerability to electoral defeat but also of his nation's vulnerability to nuclear war. Military and Kennedy enthusiasts will find its balanced consideration of the president's foreign policy and provocative "what if" scenarios invaluable keys to understanding his accomplishments, failures, and enduring legacy.

Drawing on a wealth of new material (including a 25-volume official documentary history of U.S. foreign relations under Kennedy and declassified transcripts of Cabinet meetings held during the Cuban missile crisis) Freedman examines the intellectual and political contexts of the Kennedy administration, giving attention to largely overlooked actors such as Dean Acheson, Arthur Schlesinger Jr., Theodore Sorensen, and Walt Rostow, all of whom influenced the conduct of the administration as it confronted military and political foes around the world. Freedman scrutinizes Kennedy's efforts to stabilize fledgling democracies and thwart communist designs in Eastern Europe, the Caribbean, and Southeast Asia. Some of those efforts led to disaster, including Kennedy's misguided actions in Vietnam (which, the author argues, "compounded the folly of the Eisenhower administration"). Still, by the time of Kennedy's death, in November 1963, some of the administration's efforts had paid off.

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Murray Pomerance - City That Never Sleeps, New Yor k and the Filmic Imagination (2007).jpg

New York, more than any other city, has held a special fascination for filmmakers and viewers. In every decade of Hollywood filmmaking, artists of the screen have fixated upon this fascinating place for its tensions and promises, dazzling illumination and fearsome darkness.

The glittering skyscrapers of such films as On the Town have shadowed the characteristic seedy streets in which desperate, passionate stories have played out as in Scandal Sheet and The Pawnbroker. In other films, the city is a cauldron of bright lights, technology, empire, egotism, fear, hunger, and change--the scenic epitome of America in the modern age.

From Street Scene and Breakfast at Tiffany's to Rosemary's Baby, The Warriors, and 25th Hour, the sixteen essays in this book explore the cinematic representation of New York as a city of experience, as a locus of ideographic characters and spaces, as a city of moves and traps, and as a site of allurement and danger. Contributors consider the work of Woody Allen, Blake Edwards, Alfred Hitchcock, Gregory La Cava, Spike Lee, Sidney Lumet, Vincente Minnelli, Roman Polanski, Martin Scorsese, Andy Warhol, and numerous others.

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Murray Pomerance - City That Never Sleeps, New Yor k and the Filmic Imagination (2007).pdf

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Roger M. Olien - Oil and Ideology, The Cultural Cr eation of the American Petroleum Industry (2000).jpg

Traditional accounts of John D. Rockefeller and the Standard Oil Company, as well as recent best-selling books on the subject, still accept without question charges of unethical and anti-competitive behavior by the American oil industry. In this pathbreaking synthesis of cultural, business, gender, and intellectual history, Roger and Diana Davids Olien explore how this negative image of the petroleum industry was created and how this image in turn helped shape policy toward the industry in ways that were sometimes at odds with both the goals of reformers and the public interest.

By turning a critical eye on sources that have often been accepted at face value and examining the self-interests of oil industry critics, the authors produce a more balanced, complex picture of the industry than has previously been offered. Their case study of the impact of ideology offers a striking example of how business must be understood through its cultural context and offers a new approach to understanding problems of regulation and reform.

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Roger M. Olien - Oil and Ideology, The Cultural Cr eation of the American Petroleum Industry (2000).pdf

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Terry Tamminen - Lives Per Gallon, The True Cost o f Our Oil Addiction (2006).jpg

Here we have a serious problem: America is addicted to oil, which is often imported from unstable parts of the world. President George W. Bush, 'State of the Union Address' January 31, 2006

If we continue to burn oil for much of our energy needs, despite our science and foreknowledge, we could still end up like them.
There are many alternatives to oil and many strategies we can use to ensure that those alternatives compete on a level playing field.
But, like any addiction, we must first admit that we have a problem and then make the decision to solve it.

How much would you pay for a gallon of gas? $2.50? $10.00? Would you pay with the health of your lungs or with years taken from your lifespan?

The infamous "pain at the pump" runs much deeper than our wallets, argues Terry Tamminen, former Secretary of the California Environmental Protection Agency and current Special Assistant to California Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger. Petroleum may power our cars and heat our homes, but it also contributes to birth defects and disorders like asthma and emphysema, not to mention cancer. In Lives Per Gallon, Tamminen takes a hard look at these and other health, environmental, and national security costs hidden in every barrel of oil.

While the petroleum industry is raking in huge profits, Tamminen shows, it is studiously avoiding measures that would lessen the hazards of its products. Using the successful lawsuits by state governments against big tobacco as a model, the author sets forth a bold strategy to hold oil and auto companies accountable and force industry reform. He also offers a blueprint for developing alternative energy sources based on California's real world experiences.

Certain to be controversial, Lives Per Gallon is an unblinking assessment of the true price of petroleum and a prescription for change. The choice is clear: continuing paying with our health, or kick our addiction and evolve beyond an oil-dependent economy.

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Terry Tamminen - Lives Per Gallon, The True Cost o f Our Oil Addiction (2006).pdf

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Kenneth S. Deffeyes. Hubbert's Peak - The Impendin g World Oil Shortage (2002).jpg

In 2001, Kenneth Deffeyes made a grim prediction: oil production would reach a peak within the next decade — and there was nothing anyone could do to stop it.

Deffeyes’s claim echoed the work of geophysicist M. King Hubbert, who in 1956 predicted that U.S. oil production would reach its highest level in the early 1970s. Though roundly criticized by oil experts and economists, Hubbert’s prediction came true in 1970.

In this updated edition of Hubbert’s Peak, Deffeyes explains the crisis that few now deny we are headed toward. Using geology and economics, he shows how everything from the rising price of groceries to the subprime mortgage crisis has been exacerbated by the shrinking supply and growing price of oil.

Although there is no easy solution to these problems, Deffeyes argues that the first step is understanding the trouble that we are in 1970.

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Harvey Klehr, Kyrill M. Anderson, John Earl Haynes - The Soviet World of American Communism (1998).jpg

Drawing on documents newly available from Russian archives, this important book conclusively demonstrates the continuous and intimate ties between the Communist Party of the United States of America (CPUSA) and Moscow. Digging even deeper than the authors` earlier volume, The Secret World of American Communism, it conclusively demonstrates that the CPUSA was little more than a pawn of the Soviet regime.

In this follow-up to 1995's Secret World of American Communism, newly available documents from Russian archives firmly establish the deep relationship between the Communist Party of the United States (CPUSA) and Moscow. The Soviet Union controlled CPUSA leadership and policy, including the crushing of dissent within the ranks. Among the revelations in this volume are confirmation that the criticisms which eventually led to the ouster of CPUSA head Earl Browder originated from within the Kremlin. The publication of these documents forces a harsh reevaluation of the notion that American Communists, as a whole, were simply idealistic patriots fighting for social justice.

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Harvey Klehr, Kyrill M. Anderson, John Earl Haynes - The Soviet World of American Communism (1998).pdf

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Ryan K. Smith - Gothic Arches, Latin Crosses, Anti -Catholicism and American Church Designs in the Ni neteenth Century (2006).jpg

01 - USA - Ryan K. Smith - Gothic Arches, Latin Crosses, Anti-Cat...American Church Designs in the Nineteenth Century 2006.jpg

Crosses, candles, choir vestments, sanctuary flowers, and stained glass are common church features found in nearly all mainline denominations of American Christianity today. Most Protestant churchgoers would be surprised to learn, however, that at one time these features were viewed as suspicious, foreign implements associated strictly with the Roman Catholic Church. Blending history with the study of material culture, author sheds light on the ironic convergence of anti-Catholicism and the Gothic Revival movement in nineteenth-century America.

This book explores that transition and connects it to Catholic immigration and the Gothic Revival. While there is certainly fertile ground for further study, this work addresses these questions in an appropriate interdisciplinary way.

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Ryan K. Smith - Gothic Arches, Latin Crosses, Anti -Catholicism and American Church Designs in the Ni neteenth Century (2006).pdf

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Floyd Kemske - Human Resources, A Corporate Nightm are (1995).jpg

Floyd Kemske's darkly comic sendup of corporate evil goes right to the hell of the matter, taking us inside a failing biotech company as a new boss is brought into restructure the organization. The new boss, however, is both literally and figuratively a vampire with a taste for other people's blood as well as their ideas. Despite the supernatural twist, Kemske captures perfectly the real human existential discomfort of life in the bizarre social microcosm that is the modern corporation.

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Floyd Kemske - Human Resources, A Corporate Nightm are (1995).pdf

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Shawn J. Parry-Giles - The Rhetorical Presidency, Propaganda, and the Cold War, 1945-1955 (2001).jpeg

Parry-Giles challenges the scholarly assumption that the rhetorical presidency refers to presidential messages delivered from the bully pulpit only. By examining early Cold War discourse, she demonstrates how Presidents Truman and Eisenhower transformed the U.S. propaganda program into an executive tool reliant on presidential surrogates in the promulgation of a covert and monolithic Cold War ideology.

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Shawn J. Parry-Giles - The Rhetorical Presidency, Propaganda, and the Cold War, 1945-1955 (2001).pdf

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Bethami A. Dobkin - Tales of Terror, Television Ne ws and the Construction of the Terrorist Threat (1 992).jpg

Based on an analysis of more than 200 evening newscasts aired during the first six years of the Reagan administration, Tales of Terror offers a detailed account of the ways in which news media escalate public panic about terrorism and encourage support for specific U.S. policy objectives, rather than build sympathy for terrorists. Dobkin explores similarities between news media and government portrayals of terrorism, combining textual criticism with an interpretation of official U.S. policy statements, and argues that government depictions and news presentations of terrorism reproduce an ideology that supports military strength and intervention.

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Bethami A. Dobkin - Tales of Terror, Television Ne ws and the Construction of the Terrorist Threat (1 992).pdf

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Patrick B. Sharp - Savage Perils, Racial Frontiers and Nuclear Apocalypse in American Culture (2007).jpg

The atomic age brought the Bomb and spawned stories of nuclear apocalypse to remind us of impending doom. As Patrick Sharp reveals, those stories had their origins well before Hiroshima, reaching back to Charles Darwin and America's frontier.
In Savage Perils, Sharp examines the racial underpinnings of American culture, from the early industrial age to the Cold War. He explores the influence of Darwinism, frontier nostalgia, and literary modernism on the history and representations of nuclear weaponry. Taking into account such factors as anthropological race theory and Asian immigration, he charts the origins of a worldview that continues to shape our culture and politics.

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Patrick B. Sharp - Savage Perils, Racial Frontiers and Nuclear Apocalypse in American Culture (2007).pdf

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Bernd C. Peyer - American Indian Nonfiction, An An thology of Writings, 1760s-1930s (2007).jpg

American Indian literature has deep roots. This collection of political writings covers nearly two centuries and represents a historical survey of the development of Indian nonfiction prose, from the missionary-trained writers of the late eighteenth century to the members of the first Indian intellectual network in the early twentieth century.
Included are personal letters, sermons, printed speeches, autobiographical sketches, editorials, pamphlets, and humorous pieces. From early writers such as Samson Occom to twentieth-century writers such as Will Rogers and Luther Standing Bear, these authors were deeply committed to the welfare of their Native communities. Many of the pieces were quite popular in their day but have been lost to tim

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Bernd C. Peyer - American Indian Nonfiction, An An thology of Writings, 1760s-1930s (2007).pdf

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Nick Harding - How to Start Your Own Secret Societ y (2006).jpg

Rejected by the Freemasons? Not bright enough for the Illuminati? Burnt by the Hell Fire Club? No friends in high places to get you into the Bilderberg or the Bohemian Grove? Feeling isolated and powerless? Fear not. There is an answer...Why not start your own secret society to add an air of mystery to your life and instantly alter the way you are perceived by family, friends and society at large. Learn the secrets of how to really influence people in business and politics by creating your own elitist fraternity. Discover the basic requirements for creating a clandestine sister or brotherhood with the ability to control, govern and influence events at the local or global level. Develop your own secret knowledge and hidden agenda while you plot to overthrow the powers that be through revolution and political or religious intrigue. Pierre Plantard and the Priory of Sion failed but you can avoid making the same mistakes they did by understanding what it really takes to maintain and develop a secret society. This book will show you all the requirements needed from choosing regalia to setting up a lodge, from electing a grand master to illustrating basic initiation ceremonies.

It will also guide you on how to take historical events, great works of art and famous names to mould them into your desires for global domination.

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Nick Harding - How to Start Your Own Secret Societ y (2006).pdf

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John G. Neihardt - Indian Tales and Others (2009).jpg

Anthology of short stories about American Indian life.

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John G. Neihardt - Indian Tales and Others (2009).pdf

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Concord - Firepower Pictorial Specials 2002 - Bob Morrison - Operation Granby, Desert Rats Armor an d Transport in the Gulf War (1991).jpg

01 - USA - Concord - Firepower Pictorial Specials 2002 - Bob Morr..., Desert Rats Armor and Transport in the Gulf War 1991.jpg

1 he aim of this photo essay is 10 cover as many major types as possible, of armoured and softs kin vehicles employed by the British Land Forces on OPERATION GRANBY - the battle to tree Kuwait.
When Iraq invaded Kuwait on 2nd August 1990. a British Military Assistance Sc Training Team (BMATT) was already stationed in Kuwait. It is believed that a small number of specialists from 22 SAS were part of the team and went to ground immediately. Some sources say that they were reinforced by troopers on standby in Cyprus. It is also seems likely that SAS teams stationed in a friendly Arab country crossed into Kuwait by land. Both Land Rover Desert Patrol Vehicles (DPV) and Longline Light Strike Vehicles (LSV) used solely by the regiment are known to have been deployed to the area very early on, and were probably the first British vehicles used operationally on Operation GRANBY. However, as at the time of writing, neither vehicle has been photographed in the theatre, and the Ministry of Defence passes no comment on the Regiment, we have not included them.

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Concord - Firepower Pictorial Specials 2002 - Bob Morrison - Operation Granby, Desert Rats Armor an d Transport in the Gulf War (1991).pdf

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Osprey - Graphic History 1 - Steve White - Day of Infamy, Attack on Pearl Harbor (2007).jpg

On December 7, 1941, the Japanese Navy launched a surprise attack on American military bases in Pearl Harbor, Hawaii. Well-planned and excellently coordinated, the attack devastated the US Pacific Fleet: in less than two hours, Japanese aircraft had sunk or damaged all eight US battleships anchored in the harbor, and had destroyed 151 planes. Unwillingly thrust into battle, the United States could have only one response - war. This book illustrates the attack that brought the United States into the Second World War through 36 pages of comic book-style narrative. It includes eight pages of background information, detailing the key players, the experience of the forces and the aftermath of the battle.

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webplipliba1971 napisano 29.04.2021 04:27

Super chomik! Zapraszam do mnie po wiele świetnych materiałów.

konto__prywatne napisano 22.07.2021 16:35

paginap536 napisano 21.04.2022 14:57

Super chomik

simafi2514 napisano 26.12.2022 19:27

Super chomik

ChomiczekZawistniczek napisano 20.06.2023 19:50

Uwaga!!! Wszystkie pliki w tym chomiku zostały zamieszczone informacyjnie. Od momentu ściągnięcia na dysk pliki należy usunąć w ciągu 24h. Wykorzystywanie ich w celach komercyjnych jest niezgodne z prawem. Autor chomika nie ponosi żadnej odpowiedzialności za niezgodne z prawem wykorzystywanie zasobów znajdujących się w tym chomiku !!!