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	!! HISTORIA - książki, artykuły
	@ Fizyka. Serie
	@ Matematyka. Serie
	_ Astronomia
	_ Chemia. Organiczna
	_ Clayden i in - Chemia organiczna + rozwiązania
	_ Fizyka. Akustyka
	_ Fizyka. Mechanika
	_ Fizyka. Spektroskopia
	_ Matematyka. Topologia
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	_ Wielka historia Polski. Pinnex
	♥ Matematyka
	0 OGÓLNE
	2. NOWOŻYTNOŚĆ (DO 1795)
	Aleksander Paroń - Pieczyngowie (Instytut Archeologii i Etnologii PAN 2015)
	algorithms
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	Ewa Wipszycka, Benedetto Bravo - Historia starożytnych Greków (tom III - okres hellenistyczny)(w yd. 2 popr. 2010)
	Ewa Wipszycka, Benedetto Bravo, Marek Węcowski, Aleksander Wolicki - Historia starożytnych Greków (tom II - okres klasyczny)(wyd. II - Wydawnictwo UW, 2009)
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	Teofilakt Simokatta - Historia powszechna (Anna Kotłowska, Łukasz Różycki)
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	The Medieval Islamic Civilization - Collection 6 (Art, Architecture 2)
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	Weisstein E. - CRC Concise Encyclopedia of Mathematics
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All History

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17,4 MB
15 lip 18 15:18

Ian Hodder - Archaeological Theory Today (2001).djvu

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Elizabeth Scala, Sylvia Federico - The Post-Histor ical Middle Ages (2009).jpg

“A superb collection of fearless essays. About its potential impact, one could say that it anatomizes the present field of medieval literary studies and points in the direction the field should go in the future—except that the volume as a whole so fully explodes the concept of a unitary present and a single direction in which any field ‘progresses.’ Suffice it to say, then, that the challenges posed by these smart essays are not ones that any historically minded literary critic can easily shrug off—like the past itself, which has its ways of living with us.”—Carolyn Dinshaw, Professor of Social and Cultural Analysis and English, New York University

“Seeking neither to bury nor to praise historicism, this vital collection instead provokes much-needed discussion about the oftentimes tacit commitments of the historicist modes of inquiry that have dominated medieval literary studies for well over two decades. A curiosity cabinet of medievalisms, the individual contributions—while espousing a variety of critical allegiances—all scrutinize what is at stake in the stories we tell about the past as well as our own desires to have the past speak to our current selves. Multiple questions come under examination here: What is the allure of the alterity of the medieval and what are its possible consequences? From whence issues the hegemony of historicism? Can materialism exist independently of historicism? In answering these questions and posing many more, the distinguished contributions assembled by Federico and Scala will have broad appeal for both those new to the medieval field as well as seasoned scholars.”—Kellie Robertson, Associate Professor of English, University of Wisconsin, Madison

“An extraordinarily elegant, lucid, and important collection. These essays demonstrate the rigors of an historical method that they also seek to reach beyond, and the brilliance of its editing makes this a real conversation. Many of these essays are important contributions to historical scholarship, and all demonstrate a canny awareness of the investment of and in “history.” Its great irony is that it may come to constitute a determinative moment in scholarly history—the post-Post-Historical Middle Ages—but also the end of attempts to shape medieval studies to fit constricted disciplinary ways of writing and effacing history, especially in cultural studies.”--D. Vance Smith, Director, Medieval Studies, Princeton University

"The volume's goal is to unsettle the position of 'business as usual' historicism in literary studies (with reference principally to fourteenth-century British literary studies), but its bold engagement with the politics of criticism, as well as its consideration of the current plight of medieval studies and the humanities more generally, will interest medievalists in all fields."--The Medieval Review

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11,1 MB
15 lip 18 15:18

Elizabeth Scala, Sylvia Federico - The Post-Histor ical Middle Ages (2009).pdf

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15 lip 18 15:18

William Tabbernee - Pepouza and Tymion, The Discov ery and Archeological Exploration of a Lost Ancien t City and an Imperial Estate (2008).jpg

All History - William Tabbernee - Pepouza and Tymion, The Discovery...n of a Lost Ancient City and an Imperial Estate 2008.jpg

Early Christianity varied in appearance as much as the geography and terrain of the ancient Middle East. Often 'variety' became pitted against 'orthodoxy.' Montanism, or the New Prophecy, was founded by a Phrygian named Montanus along with two ecstatic prophetesses, Maximilla and Priscilla. Even the North African Church Father Tertullian was a supporter of the New Prophecy movement. The Montanist variety of Christianity, however, soon fell into disfavor by those later deemed 'orthodox,' also because women played an influential role in this movement. Today we know about Montanism only partially and that mainly from the writings of its Christian rivals. One tenet of Montanism was the belief that the New Jerusalem would descend from heaven at a remote location in Phrygia near Tymion and Pepouza, Montanism's most holy city.

In 2000, an international team of archaeologists and historians discovered in the Ulubey Canyon the centuries-lost site of Pepouza as well as an inscription mentioning Tymion. The discovery team was led by William Tabbernee (Phillips Theological Seminary, Tulsa, USA). Peter Lampe (University of Heidelberg, Germany) designed and directed the archaeological field campaigns held in the following years, in the course of which Tymion (at SÃ¼kraniye) and other settlements were discovered. Compelling archaeological, epigraphic, and historical evidence is recorded in this extraordinary volume. The chapters are in English, German, and Turkish and contain illustrations, maps, photographs, an extensive bibliography, and an index.

About the Author
William Tabbernee, Phillips Theological Seminary, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA; Peter Lampe, University of Heidelberg, Germany.

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39,6 MB
15 lip 18 15:18

William Tabbernee - Pepouza and Tymion, The Discov ery and Archeological Exploration of a Lost Ancien t City and an Imperial Estate (2008).pdf

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15 lip 18 15:18

John David Lewis - Nothing Less than Victory, Deci sive Wars and the Lessons of History (2010).jpg

The goal of war is to defeat the enemy's will to fight. But how this can be accomplished is a thorny issue. Nothing Less than Victory provocatively shows that aggressive, strategic military offenses can win wars and establish lasting peace, while defensive maneuvers have often led to prolonged carnage, indecision, and stalemate. Taking an ambitious and sweeping look at six major wars, from antiquity to World War II, John David Lewis shows how victorious military commanders have achieved long-term peace by identifying the core of the enemy's ideological, political, and social support for a war, fiercely striking at this objective, and demanding that the enemy acknowledges its defeat.
Lewis examines the Greco-Persian and Theban wars, the Second Punic War, Aurelian's wars to reunify Rome, the American Civil War, and the Second World War. He considers successful examples of overwhelming force, such as the Greek mutilation of Xerxes' army and navy, the Theban-led invasion of the Spartan homeland, and Hannibal's attack against Italy--as well as failed tactics of defense, including Fabius's policy of delay, McClellan's retreat from Richmond, and Chamberlain's appeasement of Hitler. Lewis shows that a war's endurance rests in each side's reasoning, moral purpose, and commitment to fight, and why an effectively aimed, well-planned, and quickly executed offense can end a conflict and create the conditions needed for long-term peace.
Recognizing the human motivations behind military conflicts, Nothing Less than Victory makes a powerful case for offensive actions in pursuit of peace.

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15 lip 18 15:18

Mark Schoenfield - British Periodicals and Romanti c Identity, The Literary Lower Empire (2008).jpg

When Lord Byron identified the periodical industry as the “Literary Lower Empire,” he registered the cultural clout that periodicals had accumulated by positioning themselves as both the predominant purveyors of scientific, economic, and social information and the arbiters of literary and artistic taste. British Periodicals and Romantic Identity explores how periodicals such as the Edinburgh, Blackwood’s, and the Westminster became the repositories and creators of “public opinion.” In addition, Schoenfield examines how particular figures, both inside and outside the editorial apparatus of the reviews and magazines, negotiated this public and rapidly professionalized space. Ranging from Lord Byron, whose self-identification as lord and poet anticipated his public image in the periodicals, to William Hazlitt, equally journalist and subject of the reviews, this engaging study explores both canonical figures and canon makers in the periodicals and positions them as a centralizing force in the consolidation of Romantic print culture.

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15 lip 18 15:18

Mark Schoenfield - British Periodicals and Romanti c Identity, The Literary Lower Empire (2008).pdf

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15 lip 18 15:18

Harry Golding - The Wonder Book of Soldiers for Bo ys and Girls (1933).jpg

This book, published over several decades in various editions to keep up with the times, is an illustrated survey of contemporary soldiers (the British army in particular), their jobs, life, equipment, and training. This particular edition has one foot in the recent Great War and the other in a future that will feature armoured vehicles, chemical warfare, and air power. Nevertheless, The Wonder Book of Soldiers maintains a somewhat incongruous attachment to toy soldiers, uniforms, and the pomp of parades and regimental tradition.

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15 lip 18 15:18

Harry Golding - The Wonder Book of Soldiers for Bo ys and Girls (1933).pdf

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15 lip 18 15:18

Frances Guerin - A Culture of Light, Cinema and Te chnology in 1920s Germany (2005).jpg

Cinema is a medium of light. And during Weimar Germany's advance to technological modernity, light - particularly the representational possibilities of electrical light - became the link between the cinema screen and the rapid changes that were transforming German life. In Frances Guerin's compelling history of German silent cinema of the 1920s, the innovative use of light is the pivot around which a new conception of a national cinema, and a national culture emerges. Guerin depicts a nocturnal Germany suffused with light - electric billboards, storefronts, police searchlights - and shows how this element of the mise-en-scene came to reflect both the opportunities and the anxieties surrounding modernity and democracy. Guerin's interpretations center on use of light in films such as Schatten (1923), Variete (1925), Metropolis (1926), and Der Golem (1920). In these films we see how light is the substance of image composition, the structuring device of the narrative, and the central thematic concern. This history relieves German films of the responsibility to explain the political and ideological instability of the period, an instability said to be the uncertain foundation of Nazism. In unlocking this dubious link, A Culture of Light redefines the field of German film scholarship.

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15 lip 18 15:18

Frances Guerin - A Culture of Light, Cinema and Te chnology in 1920s Germany (2005).pdf

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15 lip 18 15:18

H. E. Marshall - English Literature for Boys and G irls, Illustrated Edition (2009).jpg

Delightful introduction to the writers of English literature whose works hold the greatest appeal for the youthful reader. The life and personality of each author is given in outline, with enough material quoted from his works to give an idea of what he wrote. For most authors suggestions for further reading are included. The outline of historical background enables the young reader to grasp the connection between the literature and the life of the time. Excellent as a companion to a chronological study of English literature. Suitable for ages 12 and up.

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15 lip 18 15:18

H. E. Marshall - English Literature for Boys and G irls, Illustrated Edition (2009).epub

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15 lip 18 15:18

H. E. Marshall - The Story of Napoleon (2007).jpg

A thrilling account of Napoleon's rise to power, from his humble beginnings on the island of Corsica to emperor over half of Europe. Focuses on his military exploits, including his victories in battle after battle, followed by his exile to the island of Elba, his subsequent return to lead the disastrous Russian campaign, his final loss at Waterloo, and his last days on the lonely island of St. Helena. A volume in the highly-acclaimed Children's Heroes series, edited by John Lang.

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15 lip 18 15:18

H. E. Marshall - The Story of Napoleon (2007).epub

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15 lip 18 15:18

M. B. Synge - The Growth of the British Empire (20 07).jpg

Book V in The Story of the World series, by M. B. Synge, "The Growth of the British Empire," treats the revolutions in South America and Mexico, the Boer War in South Africa, and the exploration of Central Africa, the Greek and Italian wars for independence, the Crimean War, the American Civil War, the opening of trade with Japan and China, and the rebellion in India. Suitable for children ages 13 and up to read to themselves and for children as young as 10 as a read-aloud. The Story of the World series, by M. B. Synge, comprises a set of five volumes, written at a middle school reading level, that cover all major events in the history of Western Civilization, from earliest recorded history to the close of the nineteenth century. With fifty or so short chapters in each volume, the series links the great eras in time and place together by a chain of stories of individuals who played principal parts in the events related. While statesmen and military commanders figure heavily in the narrative, stories of explorers, scientists, artists, authors, and religious figures are also presented. The author writes in an engaging fashion, using dialog frequently to bring scenes to life. She juxtaposes events happening at the same time in different parts of the world in a style reminiscent of the books of Genevieve Foster. This series is an excellent introduction to world history for adult readers as well as for children.

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1,0 MB
15 lip 18 15:18

M. B. Synge - The Growth of the British Empire (20 07).epub

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15 lip 18 15:18

Ian Shaw - Ancient Egypt, A Very Short Introductio n (2011).jpg

The ancient Egyptians are an enduring source of fascination - mummies and pyramids, curses and rituals have captured our imaginations for generations. We all have a mental picture of ancient Egypt, but is it the right one? How much do we really know about this once great civilization?
In this absorbing introduction, Ian Shaw, one of the foremost authorities on Ancient Egypt, describes how our current ideas about Egypt are based not only on the thrilling discoveries made by early Egyptologists but also on fascinating new kinds of evidence produced by modern scientific and linguistic analyses. He also explores the changing influences on our responses to these finds, by examining the impact of Egyptology on various aspects of popular culture such as literature, cinema, opera, and contemporary art. He considers all aspects of ancient Egyptian culture, from tombs and mummies to the discovery of artefacts and the decipherment of hieroglyphs, and from despotic pharaohs to animal-headed gods.
From the general listener interested in Ancient Egypt, to students and teachers of ancient history and archaeology, to museum-goers, this Very Short Introduction will not disappoint.

About the Author
Ian Shaw studied Archaeology and Egyptology at Cambridge University from 1979 to 1983. He obtained his PhD (a study of the artefacts at el-Amarna) from Wolfson College, Cambridge University in 1987. From 1986 to 1990 he edited the ancient Egyptian section of the Macmillan Dictionary of Art. From 1990 to 1994, he undertook research into Egyptian quarrying and mining sites as a British Academy Research Fellow at New Hall, Cambridge. From 1995 to 2000 he was a Lecturer in
Egyptian Archaeology at the Institute of Archaeology, University College London. He is currently Lecturer in Classics and Oriental Studies at the University of Liverpool.

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114,1 MB
15 lip 18 15:18

Audiobook - Ian Shaw - Ancient Egypt, A Very Short Introduction (2011) Read by Sean Crisden (276m5s).mp3

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15 lip 18 15:18

Harry Sidebottom - Ancient Warfare, A Very Short I ntroduction (2011).jpg

Greek and Roman warfare was unlike that of any other culture before or since. The key difference is often held to be that the Greeks and Romans practiced a "Western Way of War". in which the aim is an open, decisive battle - won by courage instilled, in part, by discipline.
Here, Harry Sidebottom looks at how this Western Way of War was constructed and maintained by the Greeks and Romans and why this concept is so prevalent today. All aspects of ancient warfare are thoroughly examined - from philosophy and strategy to the technical skills needed to fight. Sidebottom examines war in the wider context, showing how wars were able to shape classical society, and how an individual's identity was sometimes constructed by war, as in the case of the Christian soldier fighting in God's name. He also explores the ways in which ancient society thought about conflict: Can a war be just? Why was siege warfare particularly bloody? What role did divine intervention play in the outcome of a battle?
Taking fascinating examples from the Iliad, Tacitus, and the Persian Wars, Sidebottom uses arresting anecdotes and striking visual images to show that any understanding of ancient war is an ongoing process of interpretation.

About the Author
Harry Sidebottom is Lecturer in Ancient History at Merton College, Oxford, and part-time lecturer in Classics and Ancient History at the University of Warwick. He has written for and contributed to many publications, including Classical Review , Journal of Roman Studies , and War and Society in the Roman World .

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98,8 MB
15 lip 18 15:18

Audiobook - Harry Sidebottom - Ancient Warfare, A Very Short Introduction (2004) Read by Sean Crisde n (244m47s).mp3

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15 lip 18 15:18

Bruce Clark - Twice a Stranger, Greece, Turkey and the Minorities They Expelled (2006).jpg

It was a massive, yet little-known landmark in modern history: in 1923, after a long war over the future of the Ottoman world, nearly two million citizens of Turkey or Greece were moved across the Aegean, expelled from their homes because they were the 'wrong' religion. Orthodox Christians were deported from Turkey to Greece, Muslims from Greece to Turkey. At the time, world statesmen hailed the transfer as a solution to the problem of minorities who could not co-exist. Both governments saw the exchange as a chance to create societies where a single culture prevailed. But how did the people who crossed the Aegean feel about this exercise in ethnic engineering? Bruce Clark's fascinating account of these turbulent events draws on new archival research in Greece and Turkey, and interviews with some of the surviving refugees, allowing them to speak for themselves for the first time.

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15 lip 18 15:18

Bruce Clark - Twice a Stranger, Greece, Turkey and the Minorities They Expelled (2006).pdf

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15 lip 18 15:18

Jeffrey Szuchman - Nomads, Tribes, and the State i n the Ancient Near East, Cross-Disciplinary Perspe ctives (2009).jpg

All History - Jeffrey Szuchman - Nomads, Tribes, and the State in t...cient Near East, Cross-Disciplinary Perspectives 2009.jpg

What was the relationship between pastoral nomadic tribes and sedentary peoples in the ancient Near East? After decades of research, scholars are more aware than ever of the challenges posed by this deceptively simple question. Textual biases, poor archaeological visibility of nomadic remains, and tenuous ethnographic parallels all pose obstacles to reconstructing the complex dynamics of tribe-state interactions in antiquity. This conference brings together a diverse group of archaeologists, historians, and anthropologists to explore new ways of approaching the study of nomadic populations and encounters between tribes and states. Although great strides have recently been made in the study of these issues, new approaches have called into question the very categories we use to describe tribe-state interactions. Furthermore, archaeologists, anthropologists, and historians have been addressing these issues in relative isolation. This conference thus offers a unique opportunity to set an agenda for the study of ancient Near Eastern nomadism from a cross-disciplinary perspective. The first steps will be to assess the current state of research on ancient pastoral nomadism, tribes and the state, and to reach a consensus about the use and misuse of data and terminology. Once a common framework is established, we can begin to address new theoretical and methodological approaches to the lingering questions of tribe-state interactions. A central aim of the conference is to equip attendees to apply the diverse techniques of various fields and various regions of the Near East to their own work. The two-day conference is organized with those goals in mind. The emphasis of the conference will be as much on discussion and debate as on the presentations themselves. Papers will be circulated among participants in advance of the conference and there will be ample opportunity for response and discussion. Publication of the proceedings of this conference is made possible through the generous support of the Arthur and Lee Herbst Research Fund.

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Jeffrey Szuchman - Nomads, Tribes, and the State i n the Ancient Near East, Cross-Disciplinary Perspe ctives (2009).pdf

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Jeremy Green - Maritime Archaeology, A Technical H andbook (2004).jpg

For those who from the published research on the recent “Wanli” shipwreck have become interested in the ins and outs of practical Maritime Archaeology, I would like to suggest A Technical Handbook, by Jeremy Green. With its 470 pages it is a pretty solid publication as well as a useful reference on what we really should ask from the sometimes meager reports published on recent shipwrecks and their in many cases valuable cargo. When a ship is excavated and its cargo sold the historical remnants is lost forever and what we got left are the finds, scattered to the winds maybe through some auctions, and the reports. This is a tricky balance act regarding what we should leave to coming generations and what we have a right and maybe a need to figure out for ourselves right now. Good archaeological practices are a prerequisite and the more who are in on the discussion, the better.

Jeremy Green’s systematic overview of maritime archaeology offers a step-by-step description of this fast-growing field. With new information about the use of computers and Global Positioning Systems, the second edition of this handbook shows how to extract as much information as possible from a site, how to record and document the data, and how to act ethically and responsibly with the artefacts. Treating underwater archaeology as a discipline, the book demonstrates how archaeologists, ‘looters,’ academics, and governments interact and how the market for archaeological artefacts creates obstacles and opportunities for these groups. Well illustrated and comprehensive in its approach to the subject, this book provides an essential foundation for everybody interested in underwater environments, submerged land structures, and conditions created by sea level changes.This book covers five broad areas: searching for sites, recording sites, excavation, management of collections, and study, research and publication. It describes a variety of techniques and procedures in considerable detail, accessible to both professional and amateur archaeologists.
It contains more than 250 photographs, charts, and diagrams that explain everything from how to operate a sextant and a hand-held GPS to how a swim line should be laid out by the dive team before excavation begins

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Jeremy Green - Maritime Archaeology, A Technical H andbook (2004).pdf

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John Sassoon - Ancient Laws and Modern Problems, T he balance between justice and a legal system (200 4).jpg

John Sassoon’s study of the written laws of four thousand years ago puts paid to the belief that the most ancient laws were merely arbitrary and tyrannical. On the contrary, the earliest legal systems honestly tried to get to the truth, do justice to individuals, and preserve civil order. They used the death penalty surprisingly seldom, and then more because society had been threatened than an individual killed.
Some of the surviving law codes are originals, others near-contemporary copies. Together they preserve a partial but vivid picture of life in the early cites. This occupies more than half the book.

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