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	!! HISTORIA - książki, artykuły
	@ Fizyka. Serie
	@ Matematyka. Serie
	_ Astronomia
	_ Chemia. Organiczna
	_ Clayden i in - Chemia organiczna + rozwiązania
	_ Fizyka. Akustyka
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	♥ Matematyka
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	2. NOWOŻYTNOŚĆ (DO 1795)
	Aleksander Paroń - Pieczyngowie (Instytut Archeologii i Etnologii PAN 2015)
	algorithms
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25,2 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

William W. Kibler - Medieval France, An Encycloped ia (1995).pdf

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181 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

S. Ravi Rajan - Modernizing Nature, Forestry and I mperial Eco-Development 1800-1950 (2006).jpg

Modernizing Nature contributes to the debate regarding the origins, institutionalization, and politics of the sciences and systems of knowledge underlying colonial frameworks of environmental management. It departs from the widely prevalent scholarly perspective that colonial science can be understood predominantly as a handmaiden of imperialism. Instead, it argues that the myriad "colonial" sciences had ideological and interventionist traditions distinct from each other and from the colonial bureaucracy and that these tensions better explain environmental politics and policy dilemmas in the post-colonial era.
Professor Rajan argues that tropical forestry in the nineteenth century consisted of at least two distinct approaches towards nature, resource, and people; and what won out in the end was the Continental European forestry paradigm. Rajan also shows that science and scientists were relatively marginal until the First World War. It was the acute scientific and resource crisis felt during the War, along with the rise of experts and expertise in Britain during that period and the lobby-politics of an organized empire-wide scientific community, that resulted in resource management regimes such as forestry beginning to get serious state backing. Over time, considerable differences in approach and outlook towards policy emerged between different colonial scientific communities, such as foresters and agriculturists. These different colonial sciences represented different situated knowledges, with different visions of nature, people, and empire, and in different configurations of power.
Finally Rajan demonstrates that the hegemony produced by these state-scientific regimes of resource-management during the period 1950-1990 produced not just social revolt, as recent historical work has demonstrated, but also intellectual protest. Consequently, the discipline of forestry became systematically re-conceptualized, with new approaches to sylviculture, economics, law, and crucially, with new visions of modernity. This disciplinary change constitutes nothing short of a cognitive revolution, one that has been brought about by a clearly articulated political perspective on the orientation of the discipline of forestry by its practitioners.

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10,1 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

S. Ravi Rajan - Modernizing Nature, Forestry and I mperial Eco-Development 1800-1950 (2006).pdf

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39 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Freya Stark - The Valleys of the Assassins, and Ot her Persian Travels (1934).jpg

Hailed as a classic upon its first publication in 1934, The Valleys of the Assassins firmly established Freya Stark as one of her generation's most intrepid explorers. The book chronicles her travels into Luristan, the mountainous terrain nestled between Iraq and present-day Iran, often with only a single guide and on a shoestring budget.
Stark writes engagingly of the nomadic peoples who inhabit the region's valleys and brings to life the stories of the ancient kingdoms of the Middle East, including that of the Lords of Alamut, a band of hashish-eating terrorists whose stronghold in the Elburz Mountains Stark was the first to document for the Royal Geographical Society. Her account is at once a highly readable travel narrative and a richly drawn, sympathetic portrait of a people told from their own compelling point of view.
This edition includes a new Introduction by Jane Fletcher Geniesse, Stark's biographer.

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63 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

J. H. Shennan - Louis XIV (1995).jpg

J. H. Shennan surveys the reign of Louis XIV in three broad, interrelated sections which consider the character and outlook of the King, his domestic and foreign policy, and the personality cult of the Sun King. Shennan focuses particularly on the King's reactions to the problems of raising finance, religious issues, his creation of a state machine--giving more power to central government then any dynastic ruler had exercised before--and concludes with a lucid analysis of Louis' foreign policy.

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1,2 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

J. H. Shennan - Louis XIV (1995).pdf

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102 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Graham Goodlad - British Foreign and Imperial Poli cy, 1865-1919 (1999).jpg

British Foreign and Imperial Policy, 1865-1919 explores Britain's role in international affairs from the age of Gladstone and Disraeli to the end of the First World War. It explores such themes as Britain's involvement in the partitioning of Africa, the Anglo-Boer War, the foreign policy of Lord Salisbury and the prospects for the British Empire at the end of World War I. Integrating historical overview, the main historiographical debates, and analysis of key questions, this book provides students with a guide to examination success.

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1,3 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Graham Goodlad - British Foreign and Imperial Poli cy, 1865-1919 (1999).pdf

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58 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Stephen J. Lee - Imperial Germany 1871-1918 (1998).jpg

Imperial Germany, 1871-1918 offers comprehensive coverage of the major issues of the Second Reich from its formation in 1871. Including discussion of Germany as the power center of Europe and detailing both domestic and foreign policy, Stephen Lee clearly explains and contextualizes the formation and structure of the Second Reich. With essential analysis of the economy, society, World War One and collapse, this book aids understanding of wider European history and Germany's role in the world in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

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1,3 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Stephen J. Lee - Imperial Germany 1871-1918 (1998).pdf

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88 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Michael Lind, Javier Urcid - The Lords of Lambitye co, Political Evolution in the Valley of Oaxaca Du ring the Xoo Phase (Mesoamerican Worlds) (2009).jpg

All History1 - Michael Lind, Javier Urcid - The Lords of Lambityeco...Oaxaca During the Xoo Phase Mesoamerican Worlds 2009.jpg

The Valley of Oaxaca was unified under the rule of Monte Alban until its collapse around AD 800. Using findings from John Paddock's long-term excavations at Lambityeco from 1961 to 1976, Michael Lind and Javier Urcid examine the political and social organisation of the ancient community during the Xoo Phase (Late Classic period). Focusing on change within this single archaeological period rather than between time periods, "The Lords of Lambityeco" traces the changing political relationships between Lambityeco and Monte Alban that led to the fall of the Zapotec state. Using detailed analysis of elite and common houses, tombs, and associated artefacts, the authors demonstrate increased political control by Monte Alban over Lambityeco prior to the abandonment of both settlements. Lambityeco is the most thoroughly researched Classic period site in the valley after Monte Alban, but only a small number of summary articles have been published about this important locale. This, in combination with Lambityeco's status as a secondary centre - one that allows for greater understanding of core and periphery dynamics in the Monte Alban state - makes "The Lords of Lambityeco" a welcome and significant contribution to the literature on ancient Mesoamerica.

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7,5 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Michael Lind, Javier Urcid - The Lords of Lambitye co, Political Evolution in the Valley of Oaxaca Du ring the Xoo Phase (Mesoamerican Worlds) (2009).pdf

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100 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Martin Fitzpatrick - The Enlightenment World (200 4).jpg

The Enlightenment World offers an informed, comprehensive and up-to-date analysis of the European Enlightenment (circa. 1720-1800) as both an historical epoch and a cultural formation. The chapters are written by leading international experts and represent the most cutting-edge research within the field.
This prestigious collection begins with the intellectual origins of the Enlightenment, and spans early Enlightenment formations to both contemporary and modern critics of the Enlightenment. Themes include The High Enlightenment, Polite Culture and the Arts, Reforming the World, Material and Popular Culture and Transformations and Explorations, and the work covers topics as diverse as government, fashion, craftsmen and artisans, philanthropy, cross-cultural encounters, feminism, censorship, science and education.
This volume will provide essential reading for all students of the Enlightenment.

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78 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Tim Unwin - Wine and the Vine, An Historical Geogr aphy of Viticulture and the Wine Trade (1996).jpg

The products drawn from the grape vine are among the most diverse of any agricultural crop. Aside from the influences of soils and and climate, this diversity embodies the traditions of countless genrations of wine growers and vintners. Exploring this interaction between people and environments, Wine and the Vine provides a full understanding of the growth and spread of viticulture and wine production throught human history.

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10,1 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Tim Unwin - Wine and the Vine, An Historical Geogr aphy of Viticulture and the Wine Trade (1996).pdf

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64 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Graham E. Seel - The English Wars and Republic, 16 37-1660 (1999).jpg

The English Wars and Republic explores the period of turmoil in British history from 1637 and the latter part of the reign of Charles I, to the restoration with Charles II in 1660. The religious and political crises surrounding the Civil Wars, and the key personalities of Charles I and Oliver Cromwell are discussed in detail.

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83 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

John Carmen - Managing Archaeology (1995).jpg

Effective management is becoming increasingly important in all aspects of archaeology. Archaeologists must manage the artifacts they deal with, their funding, ancient sites, as well as the practice of archaeology itself. The outstanding papers in Managing Archaeology are from experts involved in these many areas of archaeology.
Managing Archaeology concentrates on the ideas and principles of management and relates them to archaeology in the 1990s, covering such crucial areas as the management of contract and field archaeology, heritage management, marketing, law and information technology.

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10,4 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

John Carmen - Managing Archaeology (1995).pdf

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137 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Thomas H. Guderjan - The Nature of an Ancient Maya City, Resources, Interaction, and Power at Blue C reek, Belize (2007).jpg

All History1 - Thomas H. Guderjan - The Nature of an Ancient Maya C...s, Interaction, and Power at Blue Creek, Belize 2007.jpg

For two millennia, the site now known as Blue Creek in northwestern Belize was a Maya community that became an economic and political center that included some 15,000-20,000 people at its height. Fairly well protected from human destruction, the site offers the full range of city components including monumental ceremonial structures, elite and non-elite residences, ditched agricultural fields, and residential clusters just outside the core. Since 1992, a multi-disciplinary, multi-national research team has intensively investigated Blue Creek in an integrated study of the dynamic structure and functional inter-relationships among the parts of a single Maya city. Documented in coverage by National Geographic, Archaeology magazine, and a documentary film aired on the Discovery Channel, Blue Creek is recognized as a unique site offering the full range of undisturbed architectural construction to reveal the mosaic that was the ancient city. Moving beyond the debate of what constitutes a city, Guderjan’s long-term research reveals what daily Maya life was like.

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5,7 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Thomas H. Guderjan - The Nature of an Ancient Maya City, Resources, Interaction, and Power at Blue C reek, Belize (2007).pdf

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204 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Mari A. Williams, Gwenfair Parry - The Welsh Langu age and the 1891 Census (1999).jpg

The 1891 census was the first to collect information about the language spoken by the people of Wales, and is therefore a particularly reliable source for historians analyzing the socio-economic structure of Weslh- and English-language ability and the process of language change in Wales at the end of the 19th century. This study concentrates on 20 communities, chosen for their geographical, economic and linguistic characteristics which in 1891, accounted for about 5 per cent of the total population of Wales. For each of the selected areas, a detailed picture of the socio-economic pattern of language use has been constructed by examining a range of social variables, such as age, sex, relation to head of household, place of birth and occupation, in relation to the language spoken. Intergenerational language shift, the linguistic influence of extra-family members, and the effects of mixed marriages on language change are investigated, and particular consideration is given to migration streams and the presence of incoming strangers and returning kin.

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5,4 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Mari A. Williams, Gwenfair Parry - The Welsh Langu age and the 1891 Census (1999).pdf

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95 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

T. M. Charles-Edwards, Morfydd E. Owen, Paul Russe l - The Welsh King and His Court (2002).jpg

Early medieval kingship was exercised in a domestic setting with no divide between the officers of state and the royal household. The Laws of Court in the medieval Welsh lawbooks provide some of the most interesting evidence for the structure and operation of a royal court in early medieval Europe. These are richly detailed but also problematic texts, and their correct interpretation is the central concern of The Welsh King and his Court.
The various essays discuss the composition and functioning of the itinerant royal household, and demonstrate the different ways in which government roles might emerge from the household duties which were the essential elements of dignified mobility, for example the officers in charge of food, alcoholic drink, horses, sleeping-quarters, and the priest. The Welsh Laws of Court shed light on medieval royal government and also exemplify ways in which such a household ordered the rituals of domestic life into a powerful cohesive force.
The Welsh King and His Court not only provides thematic discussions of the royal household, but also presents primary texts along with English translations and, for comparative purposes, an Irish text dealing with hereditary court offices is also included. The chapters collected here comprise a fascinating and detailed study of the organization and working of the courts of native Welsh rulers before the Edwardian conquest.

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6,0 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

T. M. Charles-Edwards, Morfydd E. Owen, Paul Russe l - The Welsh King and His Court (2002).pdf

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124 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Robert Pope - Religion and National Identity, Wale s and Scotland c1700-2000 (2005).jpg

While the Christian faith has played a major part in the history of both Wales and Scotland, there has been little previous work looking at their histories in a comparative manner. In the light of the establishment of the Welsh Assembly and the Scottish Parliament, this issue is of particular contemporary importance. This collection discusses religion in Scotland and Wales from a historical perspective and examines the contribution of religion to the sense of national identity in the period from the Evangelical Revival to the present day. It suggests that the histories of the two nations are only understood when the religious dimension is taken seriously. The various essays collected here offer new perspectives on particular denominations, from the Scottish Covenanters to Welsh Methodism, as well as discussing individual figures such as Howell Harris, Edward Irving and Arthur Price, in order to examine the complex relationship between language, national identity and religion. Religion and National Identity is an original and timely contribution, not only to the religious histories of Wales and Scotland, but also to the collective history of Great Britain in the modern period.

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5,5 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Robert Pope - Religion and National Identity, Wale s and Scotland c1700-2000 (2005).pdf

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122 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Amy Gazin-Schwartz, Cornelius Holtorf - Archaeolog y and Folklore (1999).jpg

Folklore and archaeology are traditionally seen as taking very different approaches to the significance of ancient and historic monuments and to the interpretation of life in the past. Archaeology and Folklore explores the complex relationship between the two disciplines to demonstrate what they might learn from each other.

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10,1 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Amy Gazin-Schwartz, Cornelius Holtorf - Archaeolog y and Folklore (1999).pdf

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77 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Ian Hodder - Theory and Practice in Archaeology (1 995).jpg

In this latest collection of articles, Ian Hodder sets out to deal with new developments in archaeological theory and its application to archaeological data. Seven of the nineteen chapters have been specifically written for this volume to act as an overview of the way archaeological debate has developed over the last ten years. Yet Hodder's brief is wider than mere commentary: he aims to break down the separation of theory and practice and to reconcile the division between the intellectual and the "dirt" archaeologist.
Through a series of examples--from excavation and heritage issues to site reports--the book demonstrates that an interpretive archaeology must be applied to archaeological data in order to contribute to modern social practice. The profession must be faced with a clear image of itself in order to be able to gain funding, win public confidence and save the heritage quickly and professionally. This image, save the heritage quickly and professionally. This image, however, is often clouded by the theory/practice debate, a division all too often encouraged by the separation of universities and heritage management. Hodder emphasizes the importance of finding the right balance. Archaeologists, he asserts, cannot afford to ignore general theory in favor of practice any more than they can afford to shut themselves away in intellectual ivory towers. Theoretical debate is important to any discipline, but in archaeology particularly, theory must be related to practice if it is not to become complacent, self-interested and uncritical. Theory and Practice in Archaeology captures and continues the lively debate of the 1980s over symbolic and structural approaches to archaeology. It is essential reading for students of archaeology and for those involved in and responsible for heritage management.

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