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	!! HISTORIA - książki, artykuły
	@ Fizyka. Serie
	@ Matematyka. Serie
	_ Astronomia
	_ Chemia. Organiczna
	_ Clayden i in - Chemia organiczna + rozwiązania
	_ Fizyka. Akustyka
	_ Fizyka. Mechanika
	_ Fizyka. Spektroskopia
	_ Matematyka. Topologia
	_ Teoria obwodów
	_ Wielka historia Polski. Pinnex
	♥ Matematyka
	0 OGÓLNE
	2. NOWOŻYTNOŚĆ (DO 1795)
	Aleksander Paroń - Pieczyngowie (Instytut Archeologii i Etnologii PAN 2015)
	algorithms
	All About History
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	ANCIENT_EGYPT_1
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	ATLAS BIBLIJNY
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	Ewa Wipszycka, Benedetto Bravo - Historia starożytnych Greków (tom III - okres hellenistyczny)(w yd. 2 popr. 2010)
	Ewa Wipszycka, Benedetto Bravo, Marek Węcowski, Aleksander Wolicki - Historia starożytnych Greków (tom II - okres klasyczny)(wyd. II - Wydawnictwo UW, 2009)
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	Teofilakt Simokatta - Historia powszechna (Anna Kotłowska, Łukasz Różycki)
	Testimonia najdawniejszych dziejów Słowian. 1989-2009
	The Medieval Islamic Civilization - Collection 6 (Art, Architecture 2)
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	Weisstein E. - CRC Concise Encyclopedia of Mathematics
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43 KB
13 gru 18 15:43

Antulio J. Echevarria II - Imagining Future War, T he West's Technological Revolution and Visions of Wars to Come, 1880-1914 (2007).jpg

All History1 - Antulio J. Echevarria II - Imagining Future War, The...volution and Visions of Wars to Come, 1880-1914 2007.jpg

"Examining the writings of professional military thinkers such as Ivan Bloch together with works by relative military amateurs such as H.G. Wells, Echevarria compares how pre-World War I thinkers imagined the future of warfare. After painting portraits of general speculative thinking at the time and the actual status of warfare in broad strokes, he compares writings about land, sea, and air warfare, finding that the amateurs generally were better at predicting long-term trends in warfare but were not as good as the professional military thinkers in predicting short-term tactical developments."

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Antulio J. Echevarria II - Imagining Future War, T he West's Technological Revolution and Visions of Wars to Come, 1880-1914 (2007).pdf

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13 gru 18 15:43

Claudia Nelson - Family Ties in Victorian England (2007).jpg

Queen Victoria's supporters argued that her intense commitment to her private life made her the more fit to "mother" her people. Critics charged that it distracted her from public responsibilities. Whichever group was right, one thing is certain: The Victorians were passionate about family. This insightful book focuses particularly on the conflicting and powerful images of family life Victorians produced in their fiction and nonfiction--that is, on how the Victorians themselves conceived of family, which continues both to influence and to help explain visions of family today. Drawing upon a wide variety of 19th-century fiction and nonfiction, Nelson examines the English Victorian family both as it was imagined and as it was experienced. For many Victorians, family was exalted to the status of secular religion, endowed with the power of fighting the contamination of unchecked commercialism or sexuality and holding out the promise of reforming humankind. Although in practice this ideal might have proven unattainable, the many detailed 19th-century descriptions of the outlook and behavior appropriate to fathers and mothers, sons and daughters, and other family members illustrate the extent of the pressure felt by members of this society to try to live up to the expectations of their culture. Defining family to include the extended family, the foster or adoptive family, and the stepfamily, Nelson considers different roles within the Victorian household in order to gauge the ambivalence and the social anxieties surrounding them--many of which continue to influence our notions of family today.

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13 gru 18 15:43

Claudia Nelson - Family Ties in Victorian England (2007).pdf

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13 gru 18 15:43

Cyndia Susan Clegg - Press Censorship in Caroline England (2008).jpg

Between 1625 and 1640, a distinctive cultural awareness of censorship emerged, which ultimately led the Long Parliament to impose drastic changes in press control. The culture of censorship addressed in this study helps to explain the divergent historical interpretations of Caroline censorship as either draconian or benign. Such contradictions transpire because the Caroline regime and its critics employed similar rhetorical strategies that depended on the language of orthodoxy, order, tradition, and law, but to achieve different ends. Building on her two previous studies on press censorship in Elizabethan and Jacobean England, Cyndia Clegg scrutinizes all aspects of Caroline print culture: book production in London, the universities, and on the Continent; licensing and authorization practices in both the Stationers’ Company and among the ecclesiastical licensers; cases before the courts of High Commission and Star Chamber and the Stationers’ Company’s Court of Assistants; and trade regulation.

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13 gru 18 15:43

Donald R. Kelley - Frontiers of History, Historica l Inquiry in the Twentieth Century (2009).jpg

This book, the third volume of Donald Kelley’s monumental survey of Western historiography, covers the twentieth century, especially Europe. As in the first two volumes, the author discusses historical methods and ideas of all sorts to provide a detailed map of historical learning. Here he carries the survey forward to our own times, confronting directly the challenges of postmodernism and historical narrative. Kelley offers highly original discussions of historians of the last half century (including friends and mentors), the “linguistic turn,” the “end of history,” the philosophy of history, and various new methods of histories. The book focuses first on the state of the art of history in France, Germany, Britain, and the United States on the eve of World War I. Kelley then traces every important historiographical issue and development historians have encountered in the twentieth century. With the completion of this trilogy, Kelley presents the only comprehensive modern survey of historical writing. He provides an unparalleled portrait of the rich variety of historical method along with an insider’s view of the challenges of capturing history on the written page.

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13 gru 18 15:43

Donald R. Kelley - Frontiers of History, Historica l Inquiry in the Twentieth Century (2009).pdf

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13 gru 18 15:43

H.Arnold Barton - Scandinavia in the Revolutionary Era, 1760-1815 (1986).jpg

H. Arnold Barton is an American historian and a national authority on Swedish-American history. He has devoted his research to the history of Scandinavia, especially Sweden, and of Swedes and other Scandinavians in North America.[

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13 gru 18 15:43

H.Arnold Barton - Scandinavia in the Revolutionary Era, 1760-1815 (1986).pdf

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13 gru 18 15:43

Heather Glen, Paul Hamilton - Repossessing the Rom antic Past (2006).jpg

Work on British Romanticism is often characterised as much by its conscious difference from preceding positions as it is by its approach to or choice of material. As a result, writing neglected or marginalised in one account will be restored to prominence in another, as we reconstruct the past as a history of the present. This collection of essays takes as its starting point the wide-ranging work of Marilyn Butler on Romantic literature, and includes contributions by some of the most prominent scholars of Romanticism working today. The essays offer interesting perspectives on Maria Edgeworth, Coleridge, Austen, Scott and others, showing that the openness of modern critical perceptions matches and reflects the diversity of the literature and culture of the Romantic period itself.

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13 gru 18 15:43

M. O. Grenby - The Anti-Jacobin Novel, British Con servatism and the French Revolution (2001).jpg

The French Revolution sparked an ideological debate that brought Britain to the brink of its own revolution in the 1790s. As radicals turned to the writing of "Jacobin" fiction, the fear of rebellion prompted conservatives to write novels. This is the first book to examine the extent and variety of Anti-Jacobin fiction. As well as identifying an unprecedented number of these novels and considering what they contain, M.O. Grenby investigates why they were written, especially by women, and why they proved to be so popular.

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13 gru 18 15:43

Malek Alloula - The Colonial Harem (1986).jpg

A collection of picture postcards of Algerian women exploited by the French, this “album” illustrates a powerful analysis of the distorting, denigrating effects of their presence on Algerian Society.

"Imprisoned by the photographers eye these women reclaim their historicity through the pages of this powerful book. The Colonial Harem deserves a central place in the growing literature of decolonization." —Village Voice

"Alloula gathers up the impedimenta of empire in the form of (mainly) lewd French postcards of Algerian women which circulated between 1900 and 1930. By displaying and dissecting colonial pornography as an insider he brings into stark relief the violation of the patriarchal gaze at its harshest." —Women's Review of Books

“A shocking photographic excursion into the European fascination with the harem.” —Whole Earth Review

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13 gru 18 15:43

Malek Alloula - The Colonial Harem (1986).pdf

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13 gru 18 15:43

Mark Canuel - Religion, Toleration, and British Wr iting, 1790-1830 (2002).jpg

Mark Canuel examines the way that Romantic poets, novelists and political writers criticized the traditional religious conformity of British political unity. Canuel reveals how writers (including Jeremy Bentham, Ann Radcliffe, Maria Edgeworth and Lord Byron) undermined the validity of religion in the British state, and envisioned a tolerant and more organized mode of social inclusion and protection. He asserts that these writers considered their works to be political and literary commentaries on religious toleration.

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13 gru 18 15:43

Philip J. Haythornthwaite - Napoleonic Cavalry (2 002).jpg

Without cavalry, Napoleon remarked, battles were without result--and it was, in fact, a most important part of the army at that time. Today's leading Napoleonic expert shows how the great cavalry commanders used, and misused, their resources. Hundreds of illustrations offer close-ups of weapons and forces. Paintings of major battles detail the cavalry deployment in all its complexity and feature valuable, unique descriptions of saber, lance, armor, and carbines. Through the author's explanations of how cavalry functioned in the skirmish line and the charge, technical debates that have raged among experts over the years are finally resolved.

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33,2 MB
13 gru 18 15:43

Philip J. Haythornthwaite - Napoleonic Cavalry (2 002).pdf

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13 gru 18 15:43

Victor Katz - Using History to Teach Mathematics, An International Perspective (2000).jpg

There is a long tradition of relating the history of mathematics to its teaching, and increasingly this has extended throughout mathematical education. This volume brings together articles from well known figures in this area, and provides many insights, both in particular cases and in generality, into how the history of mathematics can find application in the teaching of mathematics itself. Educators at all levels, and mathematicians interested in the history of their subject, will find much of interest in this book.

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13 gru 18 15:43

Victor Katz - Using History to Teach Mathematics, An International Perspective (2000).pdf

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13 gru 18 15:43

David Fromkin - Europe's Last Summer, Who Started the Great War in 1914 (2004).jpg

From the author of the best-selling A Peace to End All Peace (“extraordinarily ambitious, provocative, and vividly written”–Washington Post Book World), a dramatic reassessment of the causes of the Great War.
The early summer of 1914 was the most glorious Europeans could remember. But, behind the scenes, the most destructive war the world had yet known was moving inexorably into being, a war that would continue to resonate into the twenty-first century. The question of how it began has long vexed historians. Many have cited the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand; others have concluded that it was nobody’s fault. But David Fromkin–whose account is based on the latest scholarship–pres a different answer. He makes plain that hostilities were commenced deliberately.
In a gripping narrative that has eerie parallels to events in our own time, Fromkin shows that not one but two wars were waged, and that the first served as pretext for the second. Shedding light on such current issues as preemptive war and terrorism, he pres detailed descriptions of the negotiations and incisive portraits of the diplomats, generals, and rulers–the Kaiser of Germany, the Czar of Russia, the Prime Minister of England, among other key players. And he reveals how and why diplomacy was doomed to fail.

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13 gru 18 15:43

David Fromkin - A Peace to End All Peace, The Fall of the Ottoman Empire and the Creation of the Mod ern Middle East (2001).jpg

All History1 - David Fromkin - A Peace to End All Peace, The Fall of...pire and the Creation of the Modern Middle East 2001.jpg

The critically acclaimed New York Times bestselling account of how the modern Middle East came into being after World War I, and why it is in upheaval today
In our time the Middle East has proven a battleground of rival religions, ideologies, nationalisms, and dynasties. All of these conflicts, including the hostilities between Arabs and Israelis that have flared yet again, come down, in a sense, to the extent to which the Middle East will continue to live with its political inheritance: the arrangements, unities, and divisions imposed upon the region by the Allies after the First World War.
In A Peace to End All Peace, David Fromkin reveals how and why the Allies came to remake the geography and politics of the Middle East, drawing lines on an empty map that eventually became the new countries of Iraq, Israel, Jordan, and Lebanon. Focusing on the formative years of 1914 to 1922, when all-even an alliance between Arab nationalism and Zionism-seemed possible he raises questions about what might have been done differently, and answers questions about why things were done as they were. The current battle for a Palestinian homeland has its roots in these events of 85 years ago.

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13 gru 18 15:43

David Fromkin - A Peace to End All Peace, The Fall of the Ottoman Empire and the Creation of the Mod ern Middle East (2001).pdf

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13 gru 18 15:43

David W. Phillipson - African Archaeology (2005).jpg

David Phillipson presents an illustrated account of African prehistory, from the origins of humanity through European colonization in this revised and expanded edition of his original work. Phillipson considers Egypt and North Africa in their African context, comprehensively reviewing the archaeology of West, East, Central and Southern Africa. His book demonstrates the relevance of archaeological research to understanding contemporary Africa and stresses the continent's contribution to the cultural heritage of humankind.

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13 gru 18 15:43

Osprey - Field Of GLory - Richard Bodley Scott - L ost Scrolls. The Ancient and Medieval World at War (2010).jpg

All History1 - Osprey - Field Of GLory - Richard Bodley Scott - Los... Scrolls. The Ancient and Medieval World at War 2010.jpg

"Lost Scrolls, the 13th and final Field of Glory Companion" presents some of the armies most often requested by members of the Field of Glory community. From Beja and Tuareg hordes to Vietnamese and German City League armies, there is something for everyone to be found in the Lost Scrolls. This volume also includes Seven Hills, a mini-theme for Field of Glory campaigns, covering Etruscans, Samnites, Horatius at the bridge and all the armies and enemies of the early Roman Republic.

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13 gru 18 15:43

Osprey - Field Of GLory - Richard Bodley Scott - L ost Scrolls. The Ancient and Medieval World at War (2010).pdf

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13 gru 18 15:43

Harry Sidebottom - Ancient Warfare, A Very Short I ntroduction (2004).jpg

Greek and Roman warfare was unlike that of any other culture before or since. The key difference is often held to be that the Greeks and Romans practiced a "Western Way of War," in which the aim is an open, decisive battle--won by courage instilled, in part, by discipline. Here, Harry Sidebottom looks at how this Western Way of War was constructed and maintained by the Greeks and Romans and why this concept is so prevalent today. All aspects of ancient warfare are thoroughly examined--from philosophy and strategy to the technical skills needed to fight. Sidebottom examines war in the wider context, showing how wars were able to shape classical society, and how an individual's identity was sometimes constructed by war, as in the case of the Christian soldier fighting in God's name. He also explores the ways in which ancient society thought about conflict: Can a war be just? Why was siege warfare particularly bloody? What role did divine intervention play in the outcome of a battle? Taking fascinating examples from the iliad, Tacitus, and the Persian Wars, Sidebottom uses arresting anecdotes and striking visual images to show that any understanding of ancient war is an ongoing process of interpretation.

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13 gru 18 15:43

Hugh Trevor-Roper - The Crisis of the Seventeenth Century, Religion, the Reformation, and Social Cha ng (1967).jpg

All History1 - Hugh Trevor-Roper - The Crisis of the Seventeenth Ce...ry, Religion, the Reformation, and Social Chang 1967.jpg

The Civil War, the Restoration, and the Glorious Revolution in England laid the institutional and intellectual foundations of the modern understanding of liberty, of which we are heirs and beneficiaries. The Crisis of the Seventeenth Century uncovers new pathways to understanding this seminal time. Neither Catholic nor Protestant emerges unscathed from the examination to which Trevor-Roper subjects the era in which, from political and religious causes, the identification and extirpation of witches was a central event. Trevor-Roper points out that "In England the most active phase of witch-hunting coincided with times of Puritan ure - the reign of Queen Elizabeth and the period of the civil wars - and some very fanciful theories have been built on this coincidence. But...the persecution of witches in England was trivial compared with the experience of the Continent and of Scotland. Therefore...[one must examine] the craze as a whole, throughout Europe, and [seek] to relate its rise, frequency, and decline to the general intellectual and social movements of the time...".

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13 gru 18 15:43

Hugh Trevor-Roper - The Crisis of the Seventeenth Century, Religion, the Reformation, and Social Cha ng (1967).pdf

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13 gru 18 15:43

John Parker - African History, A Very Short Introd uction (2007).jpg

This Very Short Introduction looks at Africa's past and reflects on the changing ways it has been imagined and represented, both in Africa and beyond. The author illustrates important aspects of Africa's history with a range of fascinating historical examples, drawn from over 5 millennia across this vast continent. The multitude of topics that the reader will learn about in this succinct work include the unity and diversity of African cultures, slavery, religion, colonial conquest, the diaspora, and the importance of history in understanding contemporary Africa. The book examines questions such as: Who invented the idea of "Africa"? How is African history pieced together, given such a lack of documentary evidence? How did Africa interact with the world 1,000 years ago?
Africa has been known as 'the cradle of mankind', and its recoverable history stretches back to the Pharaohs. But the idea of studying African history is itself new, and the authors show why it is still contested and controversial. This VSI, the first concise work of its kind, will prove essential reading for anyone interested in the African continent and the diversity of human history.

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13 gru 18 15:43

Justin Wolfe - The Everyday Nation-State, Communit y and Ethnicity in Nineteenth-Century Nicaragua (2 007).jpg

All History1 - Justin Wolfe - The Everyday Nation-State, Community a...y and Ethnicity in Nineteenth-Century Nicaragua 2007.jpg

After Nicaragua achieved independence from Spain in 1821, it suffered a series of conflicts culminating in the two-year National War. When that war ended in 1857, Nicaragua was in ruins. The Everyday Nation-State explores what followed: the intersection of nation-state formation and everyday life in nineteenth-century Nicaragua. Rather than focus on the a€?invented traditionsa€ of anthems, marches, and memorials that convey and reproduce an established sense of national identity and belonging, this work analyzes how such feelings emerged in the struggles of local communities over political authority, identity, and legitimacy. Based on extensive research of court cases, land registries, census materials, correspondence, government publications, and newspapers, The Everyday Nation-State connects the local with the national, prizing the narratives of commoners, while placing them in the larger regional and historical context, and challenging the way we approach the study of the nation-state.A Justin Wolfea€™s exploration of quotidian social life and politics in nineteenth-century Nicaragua reveals how the diversities of economy, ethnicity, and geography engendered multiple experiences of nation. In turn, these experiences invigorated a new Nicaraguan citizenry as it fragmented local community power and autonomy in the face of a nascent modern state. This local perspective also provides a key to understanding the rise of twentieth-century figures such as revolutionary Augusto C. Sandino and dictator Anastasio Somoza.

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