The Russian Civil War (1917–1923) was a multi-party war that occurred within the former Russian Empire after the Russian provisional government collapsed to the Soviets, under the domination of the Bolshevik party. Soviet forces first assumed power in Petrograd (St. Petersburg) and subsequently gained control throughout Russia.
The principal fighting occurred between the Bolshevik Red Army, often in temporary alliance with other leftist pro-revolutionary groups, and the forces of the White Army, the loosely-allied anti-Bolshevik forces. Many foreign armies warred against the Red Army, notably the Allied Forces, and many volunteer foreigners fought on both sides of the Russian Civil War. The Polish–Soviet War is often viewed as a theatre of the conflict. Other nationalist and regional political groups also participated in the war, including the Ukrainian nationalist Green Army, the Ukrainian anarchist Black Army and Black Guards, and warlords such as Ungern von Sternberg.
The most intense fighting took place from 1918 to 1920. Major military operations ended on 25 October 1922 when the Red Army occupied Vladivostok, previously held by the Provisional Priamur Government. The last enclave of the White Forces was the Ayano-Maysky District on the Pacific coast, where General Anatoly Pepelyayev did not capitulate until 17 June 1923.

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Edward J Mccaughan - Reinventing Revolution, The R enovation Of Left Discourse In Cuba And Mexico (19 98).jpg

Based on in-depth interviews with 74 intellectuals of the lefts in Cuba and Mexico, Reinventing Revolution explores the rapidly changing thinking of progressives on the big-and enduring-questions of democracy, economic alternatives, and national sovereignty. Offering a unique world-systems perspective on the sociology of intellectuals and ideology, Edward McCaughan concludes that the collapse of state socialism, the rise of neoliberalism, and accelerated economic globalization have deeply challenged the old paradigms of Latin America's socialist and nationalist lefts and have given rise to renovative ideas that defy both Marxist and liberal orthodoxies. The book's findings are relevant not only throughout Latin America but in Eastern Europe, Russia, South Africa, India, and other regions of the world where political, social, and intellectual forces continue to defy predictions about the "end of history." Reinventing Revolution will be an invaluable resource for anyone interested in Latin American politics and political theory, the sociology of intellectuals and ideology, and nationalism and revolution in the Third World.

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Edward J Mccaughan - Reinventing Revolution, The R enovation Of Left Discourse In Cuba And Mexico (19 98).pdf

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Raymond G. Stokes - Constructing Socialism, Techno logy and Change in East Germany, 1945-1990 (2000).jpg

With a cloud of blue smoke and a high-pitched whine, Trabant cars carried many East Germans westward after the Berlin Wall came down in November 1989. The car's 1950s design, obvious environmental incorrectness, and all-plastic body became a symbol of the technological limitations of East German communism. Though unfair and oversimplified, the famous image from the early 1990s of the rear of a Trabi protruding from a dumpster seemed to imply that the car, like the system which had produced it, had been consigned to the dustbin of history.
But as Raymond G. Stokes points out in Constructing Socialism, eastern Germany in 1945 was one of the most highly developed, technologically sophisticated industrial areas in the world. Despite the evident failings of its technology by the late 1980s, the German Democratic Republic maintained advanced technological capability in selected areas. If the system itself was fundamentally flawed, what explains successes under the very same system? Why could the successes not be repeated in other areas? And if examples of success are so isolated, how did East Germany last as long as it did?
To answer these questions, Constructing Socialism examines the system of innovation that delivered some minimal level of technological excellence into the East German economy and industry. Focusing on success rather than failure, Stokes offers a general history of East German technology between 1945 and 1990. He combines an overview and synthesis of emerging scholarly literature with an examination of newly opened archival material in order to explore issues that include automation, standardization, technology transfer and technological tourism, and espionage. Constructing Socialism investigates specific technologies and machines but also emphasizes the people who designed and implemented them and the cultural context and meanings of technological systems.

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Richard Laurie - The Autobiography of Joseph Stali n, A Novel (2000).jpg

In The Autobiography of Joseph Stalin, he lets that chuckling despot tell his own story, from his obscure origins in the Georgian sticks to his bureaucratic apotheosis as ruler of all Russia. In part Stalin simply wants to get his life down on paper. But as he informs the reader, he's also trying to launch a preemptive strike against his arch-nemesis, Leon Trotsky, who's currently compiling a scurrilous (i.e., fundamentally accurate) biography of Stalin in Mexico City.

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Richard Laurie - The Autobiography of Joseph Stali n, A Novel (2000).pdf

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A. James Gregor - A Place in the Sun, Marxism and Fascism in China's Long Revolution (2000).jpg

China has endured a century of turmoil, beginning with the anti-dynastic revolution associated with Sun Yat-Sen, through the military and tutelary rule of Chiang Kai-shek, the revolutionary regime of Mao Zedong, and the radical reforms of Deng Xiaoping. China has had little respite. Historians and social scientists have attempted to understand some of this history as being the consequence of the impact of European ideologies-including Marxism, Marxism-Leninism, and Fascism. Rarely instructive or persuasive, the discussions regarding this issue have, more often than not, led to puzzlement, rather than enlightenment.In A Place in the Sun, A. James Gregor offers an interpretation of the role of European Marxist and Fascist ideas on China's revolutionaries that is both original, and based on a lifetime of scholarship devoted to revolutionary ideologies. Gregor renders a detailed analysis of their respective influence on major protagonists. In the exposition, Gregor reveals an unsuspected and complex set of relationships between the Chinese revolution and essentially European ideologies. His discussion concludes with a number of estimations that suggest implications for the future of modern China, and its relationship with the advanced industrial democracies. How post-Dengist China-the world's most populous nation-is to be understood remains uncertain to most comparativists and historians. Gregor provides one well supported alternative, and he is carefully attentive to the implications of this alternative.

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Barbara Engel, Anastasia Posadskaya-vanderbeck - A Revolution Of Their Own, Voices Of Women In Sovie t History (1997).jpg

Communism - Barbara Engel, Anastasia Posadskaya-vanderbeck - A Rev... Of Their Own, Voices Of Women In Soviet History 1997.jpg

A wealth of rare, firsthand material that sheds light on the everyday life of ordinary women in Russia from the early 1900s to the present day. The eight women interviewed represent diverse social backgrounds and geographical regions--and all were born before the Bolshevik revolution. A REVOLUTION OF THEIR OWN illuminates the harsh reality of women's daily lives in the Soviet Union, as well as expanded opportunities for women.

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Harvey Klehr, John Earl Haynes, Fridrikh Igorevich Firsov - The Secret World of American Communism ( 1995).jpg

For the first time, the hidden world of American communism can be examined with the help of documents from the recently opened archives of the former Soviet Union. An engrossing narrative places the documents in their historical context and explains key figures, organizations, and events. Illustrations.

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14,9 MB
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Harvey Klehr, John Earl Haynes, Fridrikh Igorevich Firsov - The Secret World of American Communism ( 1995).pdf

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27,4 MB
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Asif A. Siddiqi - Challenge to Apollo, The Soviet Union and the Space Race, 1945- 1974 (2000).pdf

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Sebastian Balfour - Castro (1995).jpg

In this important introduction to the career of an enigmatic leader, Sebastian Balfour traces Fidel Castro's path to power, from student leader to head of state. Taking account of recent world developments, he analyses the historical conditions that enabled Castro to sieze and maintain power *Up-to-date study of Fidel Castro's rise to power and his continuing leadership. *Provides an assessment of changing Cuban perceptions of their leader based on interviews with officials, writers, historians and journalists. *Examines Cuba's role in the international arena. *Assesses the political and economic record of Castro based on his own words, documents and letters.

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10,1 MB
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Sebastian Balfour - Castro (1995).pdf

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1,6 MB
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World Bank - Lights Out, Challenges Facing the Eme rging Economies of Eastern Europe and the Former S oviet Union (2010).pdf

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10,4 MB
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Robert W. Pringle - Historical Dictionary of Russi an and Soviet Intelligence (2006).pdf

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10,7 MB
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Bruce Gilley - Model Rebels, The Rise and Fall of China's Richest Village (2001).pdf

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13,6 MB
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Henry Butterfield Ryan - The Fall of Che Guevara, A Story of Soldiers, Spies, and Diplomats (1998).pdf

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80,5 MB
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Bob Clarke - Four Minute Warning, Britain's Cold W ar (2005).pdf

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Georgina Blakeley, Valerie Bryson - Marx and other Four-Letter Words (2005).jpg

Karl Marx's classic definitions of class and society under capitalism are still widely used today. Ideas such as class, revolution, production and opion are employed across a broad range of academic subjects, reaching beyond politics, economics and sociology. Yet these concepts, within a specifically Marxist framework, are not always easy to understand. This book is an ideal student introduction that explains, in clear and concise chapters, the precise meaning and implications of each of Marx's key concepts. Furthermore, the contributors show how these ideas continue to be relevant, and how they relate to modern society. The contributors include leading academics in the field of politicial science. Outlining clearly what each concept means, they move on to situate it within cutting-edge contemporary political theory. Concepts include historical materialism, capitalism, class, the state, imperialism, the division of labour, opion, production and reproduction, revolution, working class internationalism, equality and democracy.

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Georgina Blakeley, Valerie Bryson - Marx and other Four-Letter Words (2005).pdf

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29,8 MB
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Paul Robinson - The White Russian Army in Exile 19 20-1941 (2002).pdf

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Richard W. Harrison - Architect of Soviet Victory in World War II, The Life and Theories of G.S. Iss erson (2009).jpg

Communism - Richard W. Harrison - Architect of Soviet Victory in W...d War II, The Life and Theories of G.S. Isserson 2009.jpg

The Red Army's leading operational theorist in the 1930s, Georgii Samoilovich Isserson was the mastermind behind the "deep operation"--the cornerstone of Soviet offensive operations in World War II. Drawing from an in-depth analysis of Isserson's numerous published and unpublished works, his arrest file in the former KGB archives, and interviews with his family, this book provides the first full-length biography of the man. The bulk of the narrative deals with the flowering of his intellectual talents from 1929 through 1941. Additional chapters deal with Isserson's arrest and his remaining 35 years, 14 of which were spent in labor camps and internal exile.

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Richard W. Harrison - Architect of Soviet Victory in World War II, The Life and Theories of G.S. Iss erson (2009).pdf

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Roman Szporluk - Russia, Ukraine, and the Breakup of the Soviet Union (2000).jpg

Detailing a number of often-overlooked factors leading to the USSR's fall, renowned scholar Roman Szporluk chronicles the final two decades in the history of the Soviet Union and presents a story that is often lost in the standard interpretations of the collapse of communism in Eastern Europe and the USSR. The key to understanding what was unimaginable in November 1989 yet became a reality in December 1991, Szporluk says, lies in understanding the relationship of Ukraine and Russia.

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Roman Szporluk - Russia, Ukraine, and the Breakup of the Soviet Union (2000).pdf

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Sheila Fitzpatrick - Everyday Stalinism, Ordinary Life in Extraordinary Times, Soviet Russia in the 1930s (1999).jpg

Communism - Sheila Fitzpatrick - Everyday Stalinism, Ordinary Life... Extraordinary Times, Soviet Russia in the 1930s 1999.jpg

Here is a pioneering account of everyday life under Stalin, written by one of our foremost authorities on modern Russian history.
Focusing on urban areas in the 1930s, Sheila Fitzpatrick shows that with the adoption of collectivization and the first Five-Year Plan, everyday life was utterly transformed. With the abolition of the market, shortages of food, clothing, and all kinds of consumer goods became endemic. As peasants fled the collectivized villages, major cities were soon in the grip of an acute housing crisis, with families jammed for decades in tiny single rooms in communal apartments, counting living space in square meters. It was a world of privation, overcrowding, endless queues, and broken families, in which the regime's promises of future socialist abundance rang hollowly. We read of a government bureaucracy that often turned everyday life into a nightmare, and of the ways that ordinary citizens tried to circumvent it, primarily by patronage and the ubiquitous system of personal connections known as blat. And we read of the police surveillance that was endemic to this society, and the waves of terror like the Great Purges of 1937, that periodically cast this world into turmoil. Fitzpatrick illuminates the ways that Soviet city-dwellers coped with this world, examining such diverse activities as shopping, traveling, telling jokes, finding an apartment, getting an education, landing a job, cultivating patrons and connections, marrying and raising a family, writing complaints and denunciations, voting, and trying to steer clear of the secret police.Based on extensive research in Soviet archives only recently opened to historians, this superb book illuminates the ways ordinary people tried to live normal lives under extraordinary circumstances.

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4,6 MB
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Anna Shternshis - Soviet And Kosher, Jewish Popula r Culture in the Soviet Union, 1923-1939 (2006).pdf

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27,2 MB
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David Mayers - The Ambassadors and America's Sovie t Policy (1995).pdf

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Karl Schlogel - Russian-German Special Relations i n the Twentieth Century, A Closed Chapter (2006).jpg

Twentieth-century Europe, especially Central Eastern Europe, has been largely defined by Russia and Germany. In this century, cultural and economic exchanges between the two countries were as active as the fires of hatred intense. The smaller states in between, with their unstable borders and internal minorities, suffered from the powers' alliances and their antagonisms. This volume of new research in political and cultural history examines the two powers' turbulent relationship, including the pre-1914 era of exchange and cooperation; the projects of modernity in post-revolutionary Russia and Weimar Germany; the struggle for dominance over Central Europe in World War II; and mutual views of Germans and Russians after 1945. In the wake of the crucial events of 1989 and the transformation of German-Russian relations, it asks whether the configuration of Russian-German relations that once dominated twentiehth-century Europe has now dissolved, leaving us to find new ways of cooperation between 'New Russia' and 'New Europe'.

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