Puncturing the myth of the seamy storefront stocked with stolen watches and overseen by a shifty proprietor, In Hock reveals that pawnshops have long played an integral role in Americans’ economic lives.

The definitive history of pawnbroking in the United States from the nation’s founding through the Great Depression, this volume demonstrates that the practice was inextricably intertwined with the rise of capitalism. The class of working poor begotten by this economic tide could make ends meet, Wendy Woloson argues, only by regularly visiting pawnshops to supplement their inadequate wages. Nonetheless, businessmen, reformers, and cultural critics berated the shops for promoting vice and used anti-Semitic stereotypes to cast their proprietors as greedy and cold-hearted. Parsing and subverting these caricatures, Woloson shows that pawnbrokers were in fact shrewd businessmen, often from humble origins, who honed sophisticated knowledge of a wide range of goods and their values in different markets.

In the process, she paints a resonant portrait of the generations of Americans whose struggle for economic survival often depended on an institution that has remained, until now, woefully misunderstood.

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Osprey - New Vanguard 165 - Dave McComb - US Destr oyers 1942-45, Wartime Classes (2010).jpg

Few if any 20th century warships were more justly acclaimed than the destroyers of the U.S. Navy’s Fletcher class. Admired as they were for their advanced and rakish design, it was their record as workhorses of the Pacific War that placed them among the most battle-tested and successful fighting ships of all time. This title describes the Fletchers and their Allen M. Sumner- and Gearing-class derivatives, their machinery, armament, and construction, with a listing of all 343 ships by hull number and builder. It features an operational history of the 287 ships commissioned during World War II, which traces the evolution of night surface action tactics in the Solomon Islands and the parallel development of the Combat Information Center; the drive across the Pacific and liberation of the Philippines with tables showing the rapid introduction of new squadrons; and the radar pickets’ climactic stand against kamikaze aircraft at Okinawa. With summaries of losses and decorations and specially commissioned artwork, this is a definitive book on the wartime US destroyer classes.

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Dan Rottenberg - In the Kingdom of Coal, An Americ an Family and the Rock That Changed the World (200 3).jpg

It was a time of poverty and enterprise, when poor men slaved in the mines, rich men became barons and America grew from a backward agricultural colony to the industrial force of the modern world. The driving power behind this transformation was coal, the black gold that even today illuminates our cities and runs our personal computers. In The Kingdom of Coal tells the extraordinary story of coal through the eyes of two families--one the magnates, one the miners--over three generations while locked together, for better or worse, in a common quest. At the reigns of power are the Leisenrings, who built a dynasty around coal and whose fortunes intersected with those of Henry Clay Frick, the Carnegies and the other masters of the American industrial revolution. Miles underground are the sons and daughters of the Givens family, who gave their sweat and sometimes their lives to the Leisenrings' Virginia mines. Rich with the struggles of management and labor from two unforgettable families, In The Kingdom of Coal is an American saga of how coal operators made and lost fortunes, coal towns flourished and died, and miners and mine owners battled the earth, the atmosphere and each other in their quest to satisfy the world's appetite for coal.

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Dan Rottenberg - In the Kingdom of Coal, An Americ an Family and the Rock That Changed the World (200 3).pdf

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Keith Zahniser - Steel City Gospel, Protestant Lai ty and Reform in Progressive-Era Pittsburgh (2005).jpg

Steel City Gospel tells the complex story of Pittsburgh citizens' struggle to define and eliminate the problems plaguing their city during the Progressive Era. Despite liberal churches' desire to "stay out of politics," Pittsburgh's socially conscious Protestant laity undertook and promoted the city's most significant reform. Demonstrating the power religious language, ideas, and institutions had in shaping progressive reform in Pittsburgh, this cross-disciplinary study addresses significant debates in the fields of Progressive-Era political history and American religious history, while telling the story of an industrial city in a crucial era of change.

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Keith Zahniser - Steel City Gospel, Protestant Lai ty and Reform in Progressive-Era Pittsburgh (2005).pdf

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Michael Lanning Lt. Col. - The American Revolution 100, The Battles, People, and Events of the Ameri can War for Independence, Ranked by Their Signific ance (2009).jpg

01 - USA1 - Michael Lanning Lt. Col. - The American Revolution 100...ar for Independence, Ranked by Their Significance 2009.jpg

A controversial ranking of the Revolution's biggest battles, events, and leaders

The American Revolution 100 brings you onto the charred battlefields and inside the maneuverings of the war that produced America. In comprehensive fashion it explains, analyzes, and ranks the war's most significant events, leaders, and battles according to their importance.

Celebrated veteran and military expert Michael Lee Lanning introduces the war's various causes and primary players. The 100 ranked entries that follow include bloody battles, outspoken politicians, military heroes, causes of the conflict, and monumental events.

The War of Independence pitted king against colonialist, monarchy against democracy. Men risked execution for treason in order to bring about the model government that would inspire a world. The American Revolution 100 brings to life its battles, people, and events, including maps and illustrations.

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Michael Lanning Lt. Col. - The American Revolution 100, The Battles, People, and Events of the Ameri can War for Independence, Ranked by Their Signific ance (2009).pdf

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Bruce Chadwick - Lincoln for President, An Unlikel y Candidate, An Audacious Strategy, and the Victor y No One Saw Coming (2009).jpg

01 - USA1 - Bruce Chadwick - Lincoln for President, An Unlikely Ca...ious Strategy, and the Victory No One Saw Coming 2009.jpg

The untold story of the drama, controversy, and incredible political genius of Lincoln's first presidential campaign

In May of 1860, Republican delegates gathered in Chicago for their second-ever convention, with the full expectation of electing William Seward their next presidential candidate. But waiting in the wings was a dark horse no one suspected, putting the final touches on a plan that would not only result in a most unexpected candidacy, but the most brilliant, innovative, and daring presidential campaign in American history. He went by the name of Lincoln.

Lincoln for President is the incredible story of how Lincoln overcame overwhelming odds to not only capture his party's nomination but win the presidency. His amazingly modern strategy included the first media campaign blitz, convention tactics that originated the concept of "Chicago politics," and a deft manipulation of the electoral college. His bold tactics changed forever the way presidential campaigns are won…not to mention the course of American history.

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Bruce Chadwick - Lincoln for President, An Unlikel y Candidate, An Audacious Strategy, and the Victor y No One Saw Coming (2009).pdf

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Richard Franklin Bensel - Yankee Leviathan, The Or igins of Central State Authority in America, 1859- 1877 (1991).jpg

01 - USA1 - Richard Franklin Bensel - Yankee Leviathan, The Origin... of Central State Authority in America, 1859-1877 1991.jpg

This book describes the impact of the American Civil War on the development of central state authority in the late nineteenth century. The author contends that intense competition for control of the national political economy between the free North and slave South produced secession, which in turn spawned the formation of two new states, a market-oriented northern Union and a southern Confederacy in which government controls on the economy were much more important. During the Civil War, the American state both expanded and became the agent of northern economic development. After the war ended, however, tension within the Republican coalition led to the abandonment of Reconstruction and to the return of former Confederates to political power throughout the South. As a result, American state expansion ground to a halt during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. This book makes a major contribution to the understanding of the causes and consequences of the Civil War and the legacy of the war in the twentieth century.

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Richard Franklin Bensel - Yankee Leviathan, The Or igins of Central State Authority in America, 1859- 1877 (1991).pdf

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Timothy L. Gall - Worldmark Encyclopedia of the St ates (2003).jpg

In 1980, editor and publisher Moshe Y. Sachs set out to create the Worldmark Encyclopedia of the Nations, a new kind of reference work that would view every nation of the world as if through a “world mirror” and not from the perspective of any one country or group of countries. In 1981, a companion volume, the Worldmark Encyclopedia of the States, was introduced. It was selected as an “Outstanding Reference Source” by the Reference Sources Committee of the American Library Association, Reference and Adult Services Division. The Gale Group now offers a revised and updated sixth edition of the Worldmark Encyclopedia of the States.

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Hispanic America - Roger E. Hernandez - The Spanis h-American War (2009).jpg

Introduces the Spanish American War, covering the origins of dispute between the United States and Spain over Cuba and focusing on the war's impact on Hispanic communities.

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Hispanic America - Roger E. Hernandez - The Spanis h-American War (2009).pdf

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Federal Bureau of Investigation - 100 Years of Pro tecting America (2008).jpg

In 1937, the Society was established as a fraternal and social organization of men and women who, through their service to the FBI, share the same common backgrounds as well as the same ideals and values. The Society's mission was then and continues now to be the preservation of the FBI heritage and the FBI family through friendship, loyalty, and goodwill. Through the spirit of fidelity, bravery, and integrity, the Society provides support to the FBI, the mission of the FBI, and current FBI Special Agent personnel. FBI Director Robert S. Mueller, III, along with other former FBI Directors, has praised the contributions of the Society and has asserted, "Today, the Bureau is building on the solid foundation, which the former Agents, members of the Society, have established." The saga of the Bureau and the history of the FBI were developed by the dedicated efforts of the men and women who served in the Bureau and each one can take justifiable pride in his or her contribution.

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Federal Bureau of Investigation - 100 Years of Pro tecting America (2008).pdf

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Robert Mendelsohn - The Impact of Climate Change o n the United States Economy (2004).jpg

Understanding the impacts of climate change on economic behaviour is an important aspect of deciding when to take policy actions to prevent or mitigate its consequences. This book applies advanced new economics methodologies to assess impacts on potentially vulnerable aspects of the US economy: agriculture, timber, coastal resources, energy expenditure, fishing, outdoor recreation. It is intended to provide improved understanding of key issues raised in the recent Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) reports. It concludes that some climate change may produce economic gains in the agriculture and forestry sectors, whereas energy, coastal structures, and water sectors may be harmed. The book will serve as an important reference for the scientific, economic, and policy community, and will also be of interest to natural resource/environmental economists as an example of economic valuation techniques. The volume will clearly be of main importance to researchers and policymakers in the US, but will also be influential as a model for assessment of impacts on economies worldwide.

• Very controversial topic: great deal of debate in science and social science journals recently • New results demonstrate that climate change over the next century will probably benefit the economy of the US • New methods to measure impacts which include adaptation • Dynamic analyses in forestry and sea-level rise measuring the importance of the rate of change in climate for the first time

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Robert Mendelsohn - The Impact of Climate Change o n the United States Economy (2004).pdf

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George R. Zodrow - United States Tax Reform in the 21st Century (2002).jpg

Tax reform debates in the United States have for some time been dominated by the question of whether the existing corporate and individual income tax system should be replaced with some form of a national consumption tax. This book contains essays by a group of internationally recognized tax experts who describe the current state of the art in economic thinking on the issue of whether fundamental tax reform is preferable to continued incremental reform of the existing income tax. The collection covers a wide range of tax policy issues related to consumption tax reforms, including their economic effects, distributional consequences, effects on administrative and compliance costs, transitional issues and the political aspects of fundamental tax reform, and international comparisons.

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George R. Zodrow - United States Tax Reform in the 21st Century (2002).pdf

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Walter Rucker - Encyclopedia of American Race Riot s Volume 1 - 2 (2006).jpg

The Encyclopedia of American Race Riots provides interpretive accounts of collective violence involving black and white Americans from the Civil War through the early twenty-first century, often with reference to related forms of bloodshed and implications for other minorities throughout our history. In nearly 265 entries written by eighty scholars from various fields, it identifies key incidents, individuals, and organizations, as well as concepts, events, themes, and trends associated with the acts of bloodshed and responses to them—including song and poetry. Thus the encyclopedia presents riots, lynching, vigilantism, and murders in the context of everyday life for specific eras and regions, revealing the human agency of participants and victims, the role of racism in these purposeful bloodlettings, and the transformation of racial violence over time. It also provides twenty-three primary sources, an extensive bibliography, a related topics guide, a chronology of American race riots and racial violence, a detailed subject index, and powerful illustrations. Above all, it raises critical questions: What are riots? Why do they occur? When do they happen? How do they differ from one another and from other forms of collective violence? Who riots, and why? Why are riots and rioters significant? How do they compare with other forms of mob violence and participants?

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Walter Rucker - Encyclopedia of American Race Riot s Volume 1 - 2 (2006).pdf

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Paul A. Rahe - Republics Ancient and Modern, Volum e III, Inventions of Prudence, Constituting the Am erican Regime (1994).jpg

01 - USA1 - Paul A. Rahe - Republics Ancient and Modern, Volume II...ns of Prudence, Constituting the American Regime 1994.jpg

Bridging the gap between political theory, comparative history and government, and constitutional prudence, Rahe challenges prevailing interpretations of ancient Greek republicanism, early modern political thought, and the founding of the American republic. He focuses on the practical consequences of affirming and denying the presumption that humans are political animals able to reason together concerning justice and common good.

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Paul A. Rahe - Republics Ancient and Modern, Volum e III, Inventions of Prudence, Constituting the Am erican Regime (1994).pdf

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Larry Eliott, Dan Atkinson - The Gods that Failed, How Blind Faith in Markets Has Cost Us Our Future (2009).jpg

01 - USA1 - Larry Eliott, Dan Atkinson - The Gods that Failed, How...How Blind Faith in Markets Has Cost Us Our Future 2009.jpg

Over the past three decades, governments have ceded economic control to a new elite of free-market operatives and their colleagues in national and international institutions like the IMF, the World Bank, and the World Trade Organization. They promised economic stability but have delivered chaos. Their speculation has left the global economy more vulnerable to a financial collapse than any time since 1929.
Two leading financial journalists dissect this financial elite, tracing their origins to a secretive gathering of free-market economists in 1947, and propose a series of far-reaching reforms that can save us from a new depression.

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Larry Eliott, Dan Atkinson - The Gods that Failed, How Blind Faith in Markets Has Cost Us Our Future (2009).pdf

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Philip Katcher - The Army of Northern Virginia, Le e's Army in the American Civil War, 1861-1865 (200 3).jpg

The Confederate Army of Northern Virginia was one of the greatest fighting formations in history: a combination of an outstanding commander and an excellent fighting force. This book offers an in-depth study of why this formation was so successful against Northern armies, which often had a greater wealth of resources and manpower and some very able leaders. Almost always outnumbered, Lee's forces were able to record a number of notable victories by giving free rein to subordinates and utilizing the fighting qualities of the army's units to the full. But more than anything else, The Army of Northern Virginia looks closely at the human dimension of Lee's army: the quality and individuality of its generals and their ability to interpret their superior's orders; the fighting spirit of the average "Johnny Reb"; and, above all, the leadership of Robert E. Lee himself, who became one of the 19th century's greatest generals. Also includes color and black and white maps.

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Philip Katcher - The Army of Northern Virginia, Le e's Army in the American Civil War, 1861-1865 (200 3).pdf

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krzysiek83831 napisano 16.08.2015 22:58

Zapraszam

pages72 napisano 18.07.2016 09:26

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dark395 napisano 21.02.2017 03:17

U Mnie same najlepsze screenmaty 2000-2005 roku I Deskmaty!!!!

halina21 napisano 12.08.2019 22:32

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Życzę miłego wieczoru i wspaniałych snów...Halina

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Z pewnych kontrowersyjnych powodów... Wszystkie pliki na tej stronie zostały zamieszczone... Użytkownik niniejszego konta nie ponosi odpowiedzialności... USTAWA z dnia 4 lutego 1994 r. o prawie...

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Super chomik