This detailed study of the internal workings of the Nation of Islam under the leadership of Louis Farrakhan examines the evolution of the organization since 1977 and its strange ideological menu of Black Nationalism, political-economic development, anti-Semitism, and conservative Republican ideals. Vibert White maintains that Farrakhan's Nation has become a cult that utilizes black nationalistic and religious dogma and its ability to create political and racial controversy to exploit poor and working-class black Americans for the leaders' economic and political gain.
At the heart of Inside the Nation is White's chronicle of his own sojourn during the 1980s and 1990s as a registered Muslim--from his days as a foot soldier in the Fruit of Islam, the Nation's military organization, through his rise to the status of minister and advisor to the leadership. Included are White's dealings with such leaders as Louis Farrakhan, Akbar Muhammad, Khallid Muhammad, and Benjamin Chavis Muhammad and his involvement in such activities as the Million Man March.
As one who traveled for the organization throughout Europe, Africa, the Middle East, and the United States, White was able to observe the leadership and the operation of the group at close hand. He reveals for the first time the detailed structure of NOI's business and religious operation. He explores and separates the Nation of Islam, the religious arm that is incorporated only in Chicago, from the Final Call, its business center operated only by the Farrakhan family. As a professional historian, White was able to separate the passion of the group's rhetoric from its real objectives, which centered on building a personal empire for Louis Farrakhan.

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Vilbert L. White Jr. - Inside the Nation of Islam, A Historical and Personal Testimony by a Black Mu slim (2001).pdf

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Edmond A. Boudreaux - The Archaeology of Town Cree k (2007).jpg

The sequence of change for public architecture during the Mississippian period may reflect a centralization of political power through time. In the research presented here, some of the community-level assumptions attributed to the appearance of Mississippian mounds are tested against the archaeological record of the Town Creek site—the remains of a town located on the northeastern edge of the Mississippian culture area. In particular, the archaeological record of Town Creek is used to test the idea that the appearance of Mississippian platform mounds was accompanied by the centralization of political authority in the hands of a powerful chief.

A compelling argument has been made that mounds were the seats and symbols of political power within Mississippian societies. While platform mounds have been a part of Southeastern Native American communities since at least 100 B.C., around A.D. 400 leaders in some communities began to place their houses on top of earthen mounds—an act that has been interpreted as an attempt to legitimize personal authority by a community leader through the appropriation of a powerful, traditional, community-oriented symbol. Platform mounds at a number of sites were preceded by a distinctive type of building called an earthlodge—a structure with earth-embanked walls and an entrance indicated by short, parallel wall trenches. Earthlodges in the Southeast have been interpreted as places where a council of community leaders came together to make decisions based on consensus. In contrast to the more inclusive function proposed for premound earthlodges, it has been argued that access to the buildings on top of Mississippian platform mounds was limited to a much smaller subset of the community. If this was the case and if ground-level earthlodges were more accessible than mound-summit structures, then access to leaders and leadership may have decreased through time.

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Edmond A. Boudreaux - The Archaeology of Town Cree k (2007).pdf

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Douglas A. Irwin - Free Trade Under Fire, Third Ed ition (2009).jpg

Growing international trade has helped lift living standards around the world, and yet free trade is always under attack. Critics complain that trade forces painful economic adjustments, such as plant closings and layoffs of workers, and charge that the World Trade Organization serves the interests of corporations, undercuts domestic environmental regulations, and erodes America's sovereignty. Why has global trade become so controversial? Does free trade deserve its bad reputation?
In Free Trade under Fire, Douglas Irwin sweeps aside the misconceptions that litter the debate over trade and gives the reader a clear understanding of the issues involved. This third edition has been thoroughly updated to include the latest developments in world trade--including the practice of off-shoring services, the impact of trade on wages, and the implications of trade with China-based on the latest research.

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Barry Cullingworth, J. Barry Cullingworth - The Po litical Culture of Planning, American Land Use Pla nning in Comparative Perspective (1993).jpg

01 - USA1 - Barry Cullingworth, J. Barry Cullingworth - The Politi...ican Land Use Planning in Comparative Perspective 1993.jpg

The Political Culture of Planning provides the definitive guide to land use planning for both students and professionals. J. Barry Cullingworth provides a comprehensive and accessible account of land use planning in the United States, with a unique comparative analysis of the planning process in Britain and Canada.
Cullingworth has written extensively on planning and has worked, lived and studied in each of the countries discussed. In The Political Culture of Planning, he sets land use planning into its cultural context and examines the latest legal and policy developments. The book synthesizes a large body of information to provide an in-depth survey of a complex field that is often difficult to define.
Cullingworth presents the main issues of land use planning in the United States--zoning, the primacy of local government, the constitutional framework, and the role of the courts. He explores the perennial issues of discrimination, financing of the infrastructure for new development, the process of negotiating zoning matters, and two issues of increasing significance--aesthetics and historic preservation. A series of broad-ranging essays examine land use planning in the United States, its institutional and cultural framework, and the reasons for its definitive character.

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Barry Cullingworth, J. Barry Cullingworth - The Po litical Culture of Planning, American Land Use Pla nning in Comparative Perspective (1993).pdf

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Douglas Clark, Victor Matthews - One Hundred Years of American Archaeology in the Levant, Proceeding s of the ASOR Centennial Celebration, Washington, DC, April 2000 (2003).jpg

01 - USA1 - Douglas Clark, Victor Matthews - One Hundred Years of ...entennial Celebration, Washington, DC, April 2000 2003.jpg

This volume presents an important collection of essays on history and archaeology of the Ancient Near East, written by the leading scholars in the field. Based on papers presented at the ASOR Centennial Celebration in Washington DC in 2000, these essays provide a useful synthesis of the results of North American excavations in the Middle East region over the past century, and their implications for historical and anthropological research. But the focus is not just retrospective; some of the contributors are also concerned with a prospective view, seeking to address how archaeologists should proceed with their work at the beginning of the twenty-first century. Most of the papers concentrate on the major historical periods, from the Bronze and Iron Ages to the Persian, Hellenistic and Roman, Byzantine and Islamic Periods; they also consider specific geographical areas and other thematic topics, such technology, religion, economics and politics.

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Douglas Clark, Victor Matthews - One Hundred Years of American Archaeology in the Levant, Proceeding s of the ASOR Centennial Celebration, Washington, DC, April 2000 (2003).pdf

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Igor M. Diakonoff - The Paths of History (1999).jpg

This is a broad and ambitious study of the entire history of humanity that takes as its point of departure Marx's theory of social evolution. Professor Diakonoff's theory of world history differs from Marx's in a number of ways. First, he has expanded Marx's five stages of development to eight. Second, he denies that social evolution necessarily implies progress and shows how "each progress is simultaneously a regress," and third, he demonstrates that the transition from one stage to another is not necessarily marked by social conflict and that sometimes this is achieved peacefully and gracefully. As the book moves through these various stages, the reader is drawn into a remarkable and thought-provoking study of the process of the history of the human race that focuses on the wide range of factors (economic, social, military-technological, and socio-pyschological) that have influenced our development from palaeolithic times to the present day.

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Jane G. Landers - Atlantic Creoles in the Age of R evolutions (2010).jpg

Sailing the tide of a tumultuous era of Atlantic revolutions, a remarkable group of African-born and African-descended individuals transformed themselves from slaves into active agents of their lives and times. Big Prince Whitten, the black Seminole Abraham, and General Georges Biassou were “Atlantic creoles,” Africans who found their way to freedom by actively engaging in the most important political events of their day. These men and women of diverse ethnic backgrounds, who were fluent in multiple languages and familiar with African, American, and European cultures, migrated across the new world’s imperial boundaries in search of freedom and a safe haven. Yet, until now, their extraordinary lives and exploits have been hidden from posterity.

Through prodigious archival research, Jane Landers radically alters our vision of the breadth and extent of the Age of Revolution, and our understanding of its actors. Whereas Africans in the Atlantic world are traditionally seen as destined for the slave market and plantation labor, Landers reconstructs the lives of unique individuals who managed to move purposefully through French, Spanish, and English colonies, and through Indian territory, in the unstable century between 1750 and 1850. Mobile and adaptive, they shifted allegiances and identities depending on which political leader or program offered the greatest possibility for freedom. Whether fighting for the King of Kongo, England, France, or Spain, or for the Muskogee and Seminole chiefs, their thirst for freedom helped to shape the course of the Atlantic revolutions and to enrich the history of revolutionary lives in all times.

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Jane G. Landers - Atlantic Creoles in the Age of R evolutions (2010).pdf

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John Cooper - Raphael Lemkin and the Struggle for the Genocide Convention (2008).jpg

This book is the first complete biography of Raphael Lemkin, the father of the United Nations Genocide Convention, based on his papers; and shows how his campaign for an international treaty succeeded. In addition, the book covers Lemkin's inauguration of the historical study of past genocides.

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Kathleen M. Sands - God Forbid, Religion and Sex i n American Public Life (2000).jpg

This volume corrects that distortion in American public discourse. Its thirteen previously unpublished articles introduce scholarly perspectives on issues including the family, gay rights, abortion, welfare policy, prostitution, and assisted reproduction. They richly display the complexities and conflicts that exist not only between but within America's various religious traditions--for example, the pro-choice strain within Christian history, the support of many religious denominations for gay rights, and the criticism of patriarchal family structures within religious communities past and present. In these essays, contributors put forth views of sexual ethics that are just and compassionate, respectful of cultural pluralism, and attentive to democratic processes.

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Kathleen M. Sands - God Forbid, Religion and Sex i n American Public Life (2000).pdf

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Timothy J. Sullivan - New York State and the Rise of Modern Conservatism, Redrawing Party Lines (200 8).jpg

Recounts the shift towards conservatism in New York's Republican Party in the 1960s and 1970s.
From the early 1960s until 1980 New York's Conservative and Republican Parties battled on the editorial page, at the ballot box, and in the courts over the ideology of the GOP. New York State and the Rise of Modern Conservatism recounts the story of how New York, reputedly the most liberal of all states, played a critical role in conservatism's political ascendancy and in the redrawing, according to ideology, of the country's party lines. Examining the colorful personalities central to the transformation, including Governor Nelson Rockefeller, Bill Buckley, John Lindsay, Roy Cohn, Jackie Robinson, Clare Booth Luce, G. Gordon Liddy, and William Casey, author Timothy J. Sullivan recounts the details of the party's battle, a battle that ultimately forced the state's liberal Republicans to choose between their party and their ideology, resulting in a reliably conservative national GOP prepared to nominate Ronald Reagan.
"This book describes a significant moment in New York's political history. It sheds a great deal of light on the political and ideological history of the last forty years, including the reasons for the decline of Rockefeller Republicanism, the party's subsequent shift to the Right, and the rise of ideological third-party politics." -- Vincent J. Cannato, author of The Ungovernable City: John Lindsay and His Struggle to Save New York

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Timothy J. Sullivan - New York State and the Rise of Modern Conservatism, Redrawing Party Lines (200 8).pdf

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Larry J. Reynolds - Devils and Rebels, The Making of Hawthorne's Damned Politics (2008).jpg

"An outstanding combination of literary interpretation and cultural and historical context that will be an important addition to the critical literature on Hawthorne."
---Nina Baym, University of Illinois

"It is difficult to imagine a more timely book than Devils and Rebels. Examining the role of the public intellectual and writer during a time of political conflict and war, Reynolds takes up his charges with great precision and historical finesse. What particularly distinguishes this book is its attention to the ways in which one of this country's most important authors struggled to resist the waves of political extremism and patriotic hysteria that swept around him."
---Jeffrey Steele, University of Wisconsin—Madison

Widely condemned even in his own time, Nathaniel Hawthorne's views on abolitionism and slavery are today frequently characterized by scholars as morally reprehensible. Devils and Rebels explores the historical and biographical record to reveal striking evidence of the author's true political values---values grounded in pacifism and resistant to the kind of binary thinking that could lead to violence and war.

The book offers fresh readings of not only Hawthorne's four major romances but also some of his less familiar works like "Legends of the Province House," The Whole History of Grandfather's Chair, Journal of an African Cruiser, The Life of Franklin Pierce, and "Septimius Felton." Reynolds argues that Hawthorne---whether in his politics or his art---drew upon racialized imagery from America's past revolution and war on witchcraft to create a politics of quiet imagination, alert to the ways in which New England righteousness could become totalitarian by imposing its narrow view of the world on others.

Meticulously researched and cogently argued, this groundbreaking work demonstrates the need to examine perspectives and values from beyond the New England region when studying the literary history of the American Renaissance and illuminates the difficulties faced by public intellectuals during times of political strife---an issue as relevant today as it was some one hundred and fifty years ago.

Larry J. Reynolds is Thomas Franklin Mayo Professor of Liberal Arts and Professor of English at Texas A&M University. His previous books include A Historical Guide to Nathaniel Hawthorne, National Imaginaries, American Identities: The Cultural Work of American Iconography, and European Revolutions and the American Literary Renaissance as well as an edition of the European writings of Margaret Fuller.

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Larry J. Reynolds - Devils and Rebels, The Making of Hawthorne's Damned Politics (2008).pdf

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Hillary Rodham Clinton - Living History (2003).jpg

As with most books written by politicians while in office (or at least aiming for one), Living History is, first and foremost, safe. There are interesting observations and anecdotes, the writing is engaging, and there is enough inside scoop to appeal to those looking for a bit of gossip, but there are no bombshells here and it is doubtful the book will change many minds about this polarizing figure. This does not mean the work is without merit, however, for Hillary Clinton has much to say about her experience as first lady, which is the primary focus of the book. Those interested in these experiences and her commentary on them will find the book worth reading; those looking for revelations will be disappointed.

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David J. Schmidly - The Mammals of Texas (2004).jpg

From reviews of the previous edition: "This is the standard reference about Texas mammals." --Wildlife Activist "A must for anyone seriously interested in the wildlife of Texas." --Texas Outdoor Writers Association News "[This book] easily fills the role of both a field guide and a desk reference, and is written in a style that appeals to the professional biologist and amateur naturalist alike. . . . [It] should prove useful to anyone with an interest in the mammal fauna of Texas or the southern Great Plains." --Prairie Naturalist The Mammals of Texas has been the standard reference since the first edition was authored by William B. Davis in 1947. Revised several times over the succeeding decades, it remains the most authoritative source of information on the mammalian wildlife of Texas. This new edition has been thoroughly updated and expanded from the previous one in 1994. Of particular importance are the changes it records in species status and distribution. New materials in this edition include lists of subspecies, a brief description of the conservation status of each species, and an expanded introductory section that discusses historical changes in Texas mammals and the history of mammalogy in Texas. The book also contains a thorough overview of the mammals of Texas, abundant photographs and drawings, distribution maps, physical descriptions, and life histories for 184 species of mammals.

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David J. Schmidly - The Mammals of Texas (2004).pdf

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John E., Werler, James R. Dixon - Texas Snakes, Id entification, Distribution, and Natural History (2 000).jpg

From the legendary, fear-inspiring western diamond-backed rattlesnake to the tiny, harmless plains blind snake, Texas has a greater diversity of snake species than any other state in the country. Recognizing the public's need for a complete guide to identifying and understanding Texas' snakes, two of the state's most respected herpetologists have joined forces to create this definitive reference to all 109 species and subspecies of Texas snakes. Well-written species accounts describe each snake's appearance, look-alikes, size, habitat, behavior, feeding, and reproduction. The authors also include color photos and finely detailed line drawings to aid field identification, along with accurate range maps, a checklist of Texas snakes, a key to the species, and a brief discussion of classification and taxonomy. The authors round out this volume with essays on snake myths and misinformation, snakebite and its prevention, conservation, Texas biotic provinces, and a brief history of Texas herpetology.

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John E., Werler, James R. Dixon - Texas Snakes, Id entification, Distribution, and Natural History (2 000).pdf

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Michael Varhola - Fire and Ice, The Korean War, 19 50-1953 (2000).jpg

12 original maps 24 photos and illustrations 6 x 9
Michael Varhola's The Korean War covers every aspect of this overlooked conflict in an original and fast-paced style. Jammed with facts, myths, statistics and analysis, Varhola's study includes chapters on leading personalities on both sides, all of the major actions including the Inchon Landing and retreat from Chosin, and the roles of the U.S. Army, Air Force, Navy, and Marine Corps. Includes a Foreword by Col. John E. Jessup, a Korean War veteran and the author of a number of books, including An Encyclopedic Dictionary of Conflict and Conflict Resolution, 1945-1996.
Michael Varhola has written and edited several books, including Everyday Life During the Civil War. He has also founded or run several publications, including Living History and The Achiever magazines, and has been published in dozens of other publications.

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Michael Varhola - Fire and Ice, The Korean War, 19 50-1953 (2000).pdf

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Gary B. Nash - The Forgotten Fifth, African Americ ans in the Age of Revolution (2006).jpg

As the United States gained independence, a full fifth of the country's population was African American. The experiences of these men and women have been largely ignored in the accounts of the colonies' glorious quest for freedom. In this compact volume, Gary B. Nash reorients our understanding of early America, and reveals the perilous choices of the founding fathers that shaped the nation's future.
Nash tells of revolutionary fervor arousing a struggle for freedom that spiraled into the largest slave rebellion in American history, as blacks fled servitude to fight for the British, who promised freedom in exchange for military service. The Revolutionary Army never matched the British offer, and most histories of the period have ignored this remarkable story. The conventional wisdom says that abolition was impossible in the fragile new republic. Nash, however, argues that an unusual convergence of factors immediately after the war created a unique opportunity to dismantle slavery. The founding fathers' failure to commit to freedom led to the waning of abolitionism just as it had reached its peak. In the opening decades of the nineteenth century, as Nash demonstrates, their decision enabled the ideology of white supremacy to take root, and with it the beginnings of an irreparable national fissure. The moral failure of the Revolution was paid for in the 1860s with the lives of the 600,000 Americans killed in the Civil War.
The Forgotten Fifth is a powerful story of the nation's multiple, and painful, paths to freedom.

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Gary B. Nash - The Forgotten Fifth, African Americ ans in the Age of Revolution (2006).pdf

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Edward M. Coffman - The Regulars, The American Arm y, 1898-1941 (2007).jpg

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Edward M. Coffman - The Regulars, The American Arm y, 1898-1941 (2007).pdf

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krzysiek83831 napisano 16.08.2015 22:58

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U Mnie same najlepsze screenmaty 2000-2005 roku I Deskmaty!!!!

halina21 napisano 12.08.2019 22:32

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Życzę miłego wieczoru i wspaniałych snów...Halina

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Z pewnych kontrowersyjnych powodów... Wszystkie pliki na tej stronie zostały zamieszczone... Użytkownik niniejszego konta nie ponosi odpowiedzialności... USTAWA z dnia 4 lutego 1994 r. o prawie...

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Super chomik