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widziany: 17.04.2020 09:07

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7480 plików
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  • 26 lut 12 17:23
The notion of the author as the creator and therefore the first owner of a work is deeply rooted both in our economic system and in our concept of the individual. But this concept of authorship is modern. Mark Rose traces the formation of copyright in eighteenth-century Britain--and in the process highlights still current issues of intellectual property. Authors and Owners is at once a fascinating look at an important episode in legal history and a significant contribution to literary and cultural history.

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  • 26 lut 12 17:23
The Journal of Field Archaeology is a scholarly quarterly that publishes articles presenting the results of archaeological research worldwide, with no restriction regarding time period or cultural region. Articles range in topic from Palaeolithic campsites to a 19th-century sawmill, from food remains of prehistoric Mississippi to experiments in the technology of Classical Greece, from the use of satellite imagery in China to the sacred landscape of Oceania. The articles present original research on the analysis and interpretation of topography, architecture, features, artifacts, and more. The focus is on the results of research in the laboratory, the survey region, or excavation. The persuasions of archaeology represented include anthropological, biblical, classical, medieval, historical, and prehistoric. Other topics of major concern include ethics, the destruction of archaeological context, the illicit antiquities market, and the history of archaeology from the Renaissance to the present.

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  • 26 lut 12 17:23
Most studies of ancient warfare focus only on the Greeks and the Romans, but this sweeping study covers the whole of the ancient world from Greece and Rome to the Near East, then eastward to Parthia, India, and China. Bradford transports the reader into the midst of ancient battles behind such great leaders as Thutmose III, Ashurbanipal, Alexander, Hannibal, Caesar, and the First Emperor of China. He details the rise and fall of empires, the role of leadership, and the development of tactics and strategy. One sees the clash of peoples: nomads against agricultural societies, infantry against cavalry, as well as the greatest technological change in history--the combination of the composite bow and the chariot.

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  • 26 lut 12 17:23
University of Illinois historian Fritz (Germans into Nazis) effectively takes up one of the key controversies surrounding the Third Reich: to what extent were the German people accomplices of the regime? Over the years, the answers have ranged widely. Daniel Goldhagen's argument that the annihilation of the Jews was what the German people had always wanted has never persuaded specialists. Others have argued that the German people were either manipulated and deceived by, or converted to, Nazism. Fritzsche provides a more nuanced argument that the Nazis were quite successful in winning the people's support, but it took time and effort. He cites diaries showing that individuals had to examine how they could become reconciled, or converted, to National Socialism. The fabled Volksgemeinschaft—people's community—was not mere propaganda but had a powerful allure that drew Germans into the Nazi orbit. Fritzsche mines diaries and letters written by the famous and well-placed as well as the unknown, to show that the prospects of German grandeur and unity resonated deeply with many people, even when it meant a hugely destructive war and the genocide of the Jews. Fritzsche offers a significant interpretation of Nazism and the German people, and writes with a vibrancy that is not often found in studies of the Third Reich.

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  • 26 lut 12 17:23
Thomas Cromwell, chief architect of the English Reformation, served as minister of Henry VIII from 1531 to 1540, the period during which more political and religious reform was accomplished than at any other time in Henry's thirty-seven-year reign. This biography_the first in a generation and the only one now in print_looks at his work and achievements during this period, and includes earlier and more critical assessments that view Cromwell as a disciple of Machiavelli.

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  • 26 lut 12 17:23
Henry VIII's decision to declare himself supreme head of the church in England, and thereby set himself in opposition to the authority of the papacy, had momentous consequences for the country and his subjects. At a stroke people were forced to reconsider assumptions about their identity and loyalties, in rapidly shifting political and theological circumstances. Whilst many studies have investigated Catholic and Protestant identities during the reigns of Elizabeth and Mary, much less is understood about the processes of religious identity-formation during Henry's reign. In this volume Peter Marshall explores a wide range of evidence that underlines the complex web of overlapping and competing identities that people were forced to assume as a religiously conservative king sought to take control of his national church. Investigating broad issues of conversion, polemic and propaganda, scripture, exile, forgery and miracles, as well as looking at specific cases of individuals and events, a rich picture is built up of the ambiguities and paradoxes of the early reformation process in England. Consisting of three entirely new chapters, and eight previously published but updated, essays, this volume provides a fascinating insight into the complex religious developments of early sixteenth-century England. As Tudor religious history enters a 'post-revisionist' phase that acknowledges the strength and vitality of traditional religious culture, whilst reasserting the broad appeal of the evangelical message, this volume provides a timely reassessment and critique of the subject.

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  • 26 lut 12 17:23
This is a biography of one of the 20th Century's outstanding inventors, published to coincide with the 75th anniversary of Baird's first public demonstration of a rudimentary television system. The book is based on primary source documents although many personal recollections are included to add colour. Much material regarding Baird's business in the early 1920s has only recently become available and is covered here for the first time. Although Baird is credited in the UK as the inventor of television, the book considers many interesting areas such as comparing Baird's technical strategy with the work undertaken in industrial laboratories, how his policy compared with the development of wireless by Marconi, and the impact of his business partnerships.

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  • 26 lut 12 17:23
'... the first comprehensive account of the difference made by the introduction and rapid spread of printing and printers' workshops. ... a useful introduction to the kinds of preliminary question which students might be encouraged to ask ...' Katy Hooper, University of Liverpool

'This is a good and important book ... the author's clear and forceful style makes it a pleasure to read.' The New York Review of Books

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  • 26 lut 12 17:23
The last few years have witnessed a growing interest in the study of the Reformation period within the three kingdoms of Britain, revolutionizing the way in which scholars think about the relationships between England, Scotland and Ireland. Nevertheless, it is a fact that the story of the British Reformation is still dominated by studies of England, an imbalance that this book will help to right. By adopting an international perspective, the essays in this volume look at the motives, methods and impact of enforcing the Protestant Reformation in Ireland and Scotland. The juxtaposition of these two countries illuminates the similarities and differences of their social and political situations whiles qualifying many of the conclusions of recent historical work in each country. As well as investigating what 'reformation' meant in the early modern period, and examining its literal, rhetorical, doctrinal, moral and political implications, the volume also explores what enforcing these various reformations could involve. Taken as a whole, this volume offers a fascinating insight into how the political authorities in Scotland and Ireland attempted, with varying degrees of success, to impose Protestantism on their countries. By comparing the two situations, and placing them in the wider international picture, our understanding of European confessionalization is further enhanced.

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  • 26 lut 12 17:23
This is a classic work on the ancient geography of India. This is an English translation of the fragments of the Indika of Megasthenes collected by Dr. Schwanbeck, and of the first part of the Indika of Arrian.

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  • 26 lut 12 17:23
Here you will find an in-depth treatise covering the political social, and economic history of the Ottoman Empire, the last member of the lineage of the Near Eastern and Mediterranean empires and the only one that reached the modern times both in terms of internal structure and world history.

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  • 26 lut 12 17:23
In the hands of an award-winning historian, Vermeer’s dazzling paintings become windows that reveal how daily life and thought—from Delft to Beijing—were transformed in the seventeenth century, when the world first became global.
A painting shows a military officer in a Dutch sitting room, talking to a laughing girl. In another, a woman at a window weighs pieces of silver. Vermeer’s images captivate us with their beauty and mystery: What stories lie behind these stunningly rendered moments? As Timothy Brook shows us, these pictures, which seem so intimate, actually offer a remarkable view of a rapidly expanding world. The officer’s dashing hat is made of beaver fur, which European explorers got from Native Americans in exchange for weapons. Those beaver pelts, in turn, financed the voyages of sailors seeking new routes to China. There—with silver mined in Peru—Europeans would purchase, by the thousands, the porcelains so often shown in Dutch paintings of this time. Moving outward from Vermeer’s studio, Brook traces the web of trade that was spreading across the globe.
The wharves of Holland, wrote a French visitor, were “an inventory of the possible.” Vermeer’s Hat shows just how rich this inventory was, and how the urge to acquire the goods of distant lands was refashioning the world more powerfully than we have yet understood.

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  • 26 lut 12 17:23
In recent decades, historians of early-modern Europe, and above all those who study the eighteenth century, have elaborated the concept of what has been called the 'fiscal-military state'. This is a state whose international effectiveness was founded upon the development of large armed forces, whose performance and supply necessitated both further administrative development and the provision of large sums, the raising of which involved unprecedented levels of taxation and borrowing by governments. The present collection of essays, by leading authorities in their individual fields, all of whom have published widely on their chosen topic, explores the subject of the fiscal-military state by focusing on its leading exemplars in eighteenth century Europe: Austria, Britain, France, Prussia and Russia.It also includes a chapter on the Savoyard state (the kingdom of Sardinia), a lesser power whose career illuminates by comparison developments elsewhere. In addition, and rather unusually, a further chapter considers the fiscal-military state in a broader, comparative international context, in the arena of international relations. Each chapter provides a summary of the state of knowledge regarding the fiscal-military state debate insofar as it relates to the state under consideration. As well as contributing to that debate, they take matters further by systematically analysing the sources of wealth and income, and the way these were tapped, and the broader impact that this attempt to extract resources had on society and the state, both in the short and longer-term. The differing patterns, and the variety of models of fiscal-military state makes for ease of comparison across Europe, making the volume an invaluable resource to both students and researchers alike.

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  • 26 lut 12 17:23
"Exploration in the World of the Ancients, Revised Edition" examines who the first explorers were and defines the geographic areas of Earth, showing when and how they were first populated by humans. Among Western historians, this period is considered to begin with the first writing systems, which would be about 3500 or 3000 BCE, and end about 500 CE. This book examines some of the earliest accounts of Egyptian and Mesopotamian explorations, as well as covering the Romans, Greeks, Phoenicians, and other ancient peoples. It concludes at the beginning of the Middle Ages, when much of Earth's lands and seas were 'known', but many civilizations remained unknown to one another. The coverage includes: The first watercraft; Herodotus's travels and his history of the world until his time; The lighthouse and library of Alexandria; Alexander the Great's accomplishments as a warrior and an explorer; and, China's and Japan's roles in exploration, including the spread of Buddhism.

About the Author
John S. Bowman received a B.A. in English literature from Harvard University and attended Trinity College, Cambridge University, and the University of Munich. Bowman has worked as an editor for more than 40 years and as a freelance writer for almost as long. He has edited 15 works on general history and another 20 on wars and military history, and is the editor of the America at War set from Facts On File and the Almanac of American History.

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  • 26 lut 12 17:23
The Middle Ages, though marked by plague in Europe, was a time of increased investigation of the world. People from civilizations around the globe - from the Chinese in Asia to a curious Venetian named Marco Polo - sought to understand the world at large and discover its secrets. "Exploration in the World of the Middle Ages, 500-1500, Revised Edition" is an account of travels, expeditions, discoveries, and cross-cultural contacts in the span of 1,000 years throughout the world. This era encompassed periods of sophisticated civilization, learning, and outstanding achievement in many cultures around the world. Coverage of this title includes: the role played by three major religions - Buddhism, Christianity, and Islam - and these religions' pilgrims and missionaries who traveled throughout Asia, Europe, and the Middle East; the Vikings' advanced shipbuilding technology and how they sent exploratory, mercantile, and colonizing expeditions across the North Atlantic; Marco Polo's extensive travels and the wealth of geographical knowledge he gathered around China, South Asia, Southeast Asia, Indonesia, Japan, and the lands of the Indian Ocean; and, Portuguese expeditions to Africa and Asia supported by Prince Henry the Navigator Zheng He's monumental seventh voyage between 1431 and 1433 that included 100 ships and approximately 27,500 officers and crew.

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