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1 JONES HISTORIA USA

2 - SybirPunk vol.2

2 - SybirPunk vol.2(1)

4 - Mykoła

52 lektury szkolne plus opracowania

Academic Writing III

Akademia Pana Kleksa

Andrzej Ziemiański - Achaja TOM 2 (Audiobook PL)

Angielski

AUDIO-BOOKI

Blake Michael - Tańczący z Wilkami

books

Brett Peter V. - Malowany człowiek Księga I

Budowlane

Byla sobie rzeka - Diane Setterfield

Cykl Kroniki wampirów

Cykl Nowe kroniki wampirów

dictionaries

dictionaries PDF

Droga Szamana - D. Machanienko

Droga Szamana tom 03 Tajemnica mrocznego lasu

Droga Szamana tom 04 Zamek Widmo

Droga Szamana tom 1 Początek

Droga Szamana tom 2 Gambit Kartosa

Emma Cline - Dziewczyny czyta Magdalena Cielecka

Fanfiction

Feminizm, płeć, gender, status kobiety w świecie

Gender, feminizm

Gołkowski Michał - SybirPunk Vol.1 (A)

Goodbye Lullaby (Deluxe Edition) (320 kbps)

Happysad - Nieprzygoda [MP3 320kbps]

historia usa

J.K. Rowling

Język angielski-słownik i,encyklopedie i inne-dobre!!!

John Grisham - Bractwo

Katarzyna Bonda Balwierz (Hubert Meyer 06)

Keanu Reeves

Krantz Judith - Księżniczka Daisy

kryminały

Lackberg Camilla- Kamieniarz

Laurie Hugh - Sprzedawca broni

Lektury rozne

Louise L. Hay - Mozesz uzdrowic swoje zycie

marcin mortka ragnarok 1940 tom II

Media English

Medicine

Miszczuk Katarzyna B.- Ja, diablica

Mróz Remigiusz

Mróz Remigiusz - Operacja Mir

mróz Remigiusz - Paderborn

Nickelback - The best of

pdf

Phrasal verbs

Prywatne

Remigiusz Mróz - Chór zapomnianych głosów

Remigiusz Mróz - Echo z otchłani

Remigiusz Mróz - Langer

Robert Ludlum

Sanderson Brandon - Rozjemca

Słowniki

Techniczny Angielski

techniczny angielski podręczniki

teksty feministyczne i gender studies

The Sleeping Beauty Trilogy - Anne Rice

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Tłumaczenia literatury( Theories of the translation process)

Tłumaczenia literatury( Theories of the translation process)(1)

Tłumaczenia Praktyczne

Translation Studies

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Virion tom 1 Wyrocznia

Virion tom 2 Obława

Virion tom 3 Adept

Virion tom 5 Zamek

Virion tom 6 Pustynia

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Wiedzmin audio

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	Wiedźmin Wieża Jaskółki (wersja poprawiona)

Wiśniewski Janusz L

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Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince.zip

John Grisham - Klient (pdf).zip

Remigiusz Mróz - Langer.zip

John Grisham - Dzień rozrachunku (pdf).zip

YDP Słownik Collins'a v. 2.5 - Angielski.iso

Robert H. Ferrell - Truman and Pendergast (1999).pdf

Przekład literacki a translatologia.pdf

Chmielarz Wojciech - Podpalacz.pdf.zip

An Analytic Dictionary of English Etymology_0816652724.pdf

Virginia Evans - Matura 2015. Repetytorium. Poziom ro....pdf

01 - USA(1)

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59 KB
5 mar 19 8:30

Michael Anthony - Mass Casualties, A Young Medic's True Story of Death, Deception, and Dishonor in I raq (2009).jpg

01 - USA1 - Michael Anthony - Mass Casualties, A Young Medics True...e Story of Death, Deception, and Dishonor in Iraq 2009.jpg

“Look around,” the drill sergeant said. “In a few years, or even a few months, several of you will be dead. Some of you will be severely wounded or so badly mutilated that your own mother can’t stand the sight of you. And for the real unlucky ones, you will come home so emotionally disfigured that you wish you had died over there.”
It was Week 7 of Basic Training . . . 18 years old and I was preparing myself to die.
They say the Army makes a man out of you—but for 18-year-old SPC Michael Anthony, that fabled rite of passage proved a very dark journey. After soliciting his parents’ approval to enlist at only 17, Anthony began his journey with an unshakeable faith in the military born of his family’s long tradition of service. But when thrust into a medical unit of misfits as lost as he was, SPC Anthony not only witnessed the unspeakable horror of war—but the undeniable misconduct of the military—firsthand. Everything he ever believed in dissolved, forcing Anthony to rethink his loyalties, and ultimately risk his career—and his freedom—to challenge the military he had so firmly believed in.
This searing memoir chronicles the iconic experiences that changed one young soldier forever. A seasoned veteran before the age of twenty-one, he faced the truth about the war—and himself—in this shocking and unprecedented eyewitness account.

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5 mar 19 8:30

Thomas Kiffmeyer - Reformers to Radicals, The Appa lachian Volunteers and the War on Poverty (2008).jpg

In his inaugural address, President John F. Kennedy challenged Americans to do something for their country. Thousands of young people answered his call, launching an era of flourishing social activism that eclipsed any in U.S. history. Citizens rallied behind an endless variety of social justice organizations to change the country's social and political landscape. As these social movements gained momentum, the severe poverty of the Appalachian region attracted the attention of many spirited young Americans. In 1964, a group of them formed the Appalachian Volunteers, an organization intent on eradicating poverty in eastern Kentucky and the rest of the Southern mountains. In Reformers to Radicals: The Appalachian Volunteers and the War on Poverty, Thomas Kiffmeyer documents the history of this organization as their youthful enthusiasm led to radicalism and controversy. Known informally as the AVs, these reformers sought to improve the everyday lives of the Appalachian poor while also making strides toward lasting economic change in the region. Considering themselves "poverty warriors," the AVs helped residents by refurbishing schools and homes and by offering much-needed educational opportunities, including job training and remedial academic instruction. Their efforts brought temporary relief to the Appalachian poor, but controversy was soon to follow. Within two years of the group's formation, they faced nationwide accusations that they were "seditious" and "un-American." Kiffmeyer explains how these activists, who worked for a worthy cause, ignited a firestorm of public criticism that ultimately caused their mission to fail. Before the decade was over, the Volunteers had lost the support of the federal and state governments and of many Appalachian people -- an irreversible setback that caused the group to disband in 1970. The Appalachian Volunteers' failure was caused by multiple factors. They were overtly political, attracting divisive reactions from local and state governments. They were indecisive in defining the true nature of their cause, creating dissension within the group's ranks. They were engaged in a struggle to "integrate" the poor into mainstream American culture, which alienated the AVs from many of the very people they sought to help. They were also caught up in the unrest of the civil rights and anti--Vietnam War movements, which distracted them from their core mission. Reformers to Radicals chronicles a critical era in Appalachian history while also investigating the impact the 1960s' reform attitude had on one part of a broader movement in the United States. Kiffmeyer revisits an era in which idealistic young Americans, spurred on by President Kennedy's call to action, set out to remake America.

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10,7 MB
5 mar 19 8:30

Thomas Kiffmeyer - Reformers to Radicals, The Appa lachian Volunteers and the War on Poverty (2008).pdf

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5 mar 19 8:30

David Blumenthal, James Morone - The Heart of Powe r, Health and Politics in the Oval Office, With a New Preface (2010).jpg

01 - USA1 - David Blumenthal, James Morone - The Heart of Power, H... Politics in the Oval Office, With a New Preface 2010.jpg

Starred Review. In this engrossing text, the history of American health-care policy, from the New Deal to the Medicare Modernization Act of George W. Bush, becomes a frame through which the authors illuminate the leadership qualities of late-20th-century presidents in the arena of domestic affairs. The authors present biographies of presidents from FDR on, investigating potential influences (e.g., heart attacks, abusive parents, deceased siblings) on their attitudes toward health policy. Blumenthal, a Harvard Medical School professor, and Brown University political scientist Morone (The Democratic Wish) draw on White House telephone tapes and memos in a laudatory chapter on Johnson's role in passing Medicare, and reserve their harshest criticism for Jimmy Carter, whose administration unwittingly killed the late effort at health reform. The authors offer evenhanded critiques and conclude with lessons for future chief executives about the importance of political savvy, economic flexibility and popular appeal in determining the success of health-care initiatives. More than an excellent primer on American health policy, the book offers a thorough, incisive look at the presidency as an institution and the men who have occupied the office.

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5 mar 19 8:30

David Blumenthal, James Morone - The Heart of Powe r, Health and Politics in the Oval Office, With a New Preface (2010).pdf

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5 mar 19 8:30

Edward M. Graham and David M. Marchick - U.S. Nati onal Security and Foreign Direct Investment (2006).jpg

Does foreign ownership Does foreign ownership of American businesses pose a threat to the United States (like the abortive attempt by CNOOC, a Chinese company, to purchase Unocal during the summer of 2005)? This important new book examines foreign direct investment (FDI) in the United States, the national security concerns associated with this investment, and treatment of these concerns under US policy. It asks whether the Committee on Foreign Investments in the United States (CFIUS) process can be improved and answers in the affirmative. The book starts by looking at the review process for foreign takeovers of US fifi rms (including a historical review), looks at the economic and political impact on the United States of foreign direct investment, takes a detailed look at issues relating to FDI posed by the rise of China as an economic and geopolitical power and finally suggests some changes to the Exon-Florio process. Includes a section on the Dubai Ports World controversy.

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5 mar 19 8:30

Edward M. Graham and David M. Marchick - U.S. Nati onal Security and Foreign Direct Investment (2006).pdf

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5 mar 19 8:30

Edward O. Guerrant - The Galax Gatherers, The Gosp el among the Highlanders (2005).jpg

Perhaps no group has had such a controversial place in the literature of Appalachian studies as the home missionaries. Accused of cultural and religious imperialism, many scholars fault home missionaries for casting mountain peoples in the role of "other." as well as for partnering with economic interests to exploit the region's resources. Edward O. Guerrant, a Kentucky-born physician and Presbyterian minister, has been singled out as one of the worst offenders. For most of his adult life, Guerrant traveled the hills and hamlets of southern Appalachia, spreading gospel, building churches, and recording his keen observations of the landscape and the people. In 1910, Guerrant published "The Galax Gatherers: The Gospel among the Highlanders, an account of these travels. Reissued here for the first time, "The Galax Gatherers is a fascinating look at Guerrant's beliefs, prejudices, and vision for a people "left behind" by the modern world. Guerrant's interest in Appalachia began when he served as a soldier in the Confederate army, during which time he traveled the mountains of southwestern Virginia, eastern Tennessee, and eastern Kentucky. When the war ended in 1865, he began training to become a medical doctor, eventually setting up practice near Mt. Sterling. Kentucky, where population was sparse. But Guerrant was just as interested in saving the souls of his mountain neighbors as their bodies; in 1873 he went to seminary, and by 1877 he was named to the Presbyterian Church's Home Missions Committee. So began Guerrant's famously contentious career as a mountain missionary. Using his medical expertise to entice followers. Guerrant recruited nearly three thousand new Church members in hisfirst four-year term as "Synodical Evangelist," organized twenty-five congregations, and built fifteen houses of worship. In 1897, Guerrant founded the Society of Soul Winners, a non-denominational organization that trained ministers and teachers for mountain work and constructed churches, mission schools, colleges, an orphanage, and a hospital. In a new introduction to the text, Mark Huddle notes that the lingering picture of Guerrant is more complex than scholars have heretofore acknowledged. "The Galax Gatherers is the story of the mountain missionaries in the words of one of their own and an absorbing record of early twentieth-century Appalachian life.

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11,0 MB
5 mar 19 8:30

Edward O. Guerrant - The Galax Gatherers, The Gosp el among the Highlanders (2005).pdf

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5 mar 19 8:30

Frank Lambert - Religion in American Politics, A S hort History (2008).jpg

The delegates to the 1787 Constitutional Convention blocked the establishment of Christianity as a national religion. But they could not keep religion out of American politics. From the election of 1800, when Federalist clergymen charged that deist Thomas Jefferson was unfit to lead a "Christian nation," to today, when some Democrats want to embrace the so-called Religious Left in order to compete with the Republicans and the Religious Right, religion has always been part of American politics. In Religion in American Politics, Frank Lambert tells the fascinating story of the uneasy relations between religion and politics from the founding to the twenty-first century.
Lambert examines how antebellum Protestant unity was challenged by sectionalism as both North and South invoked religious justification; how Andrew Carnegie's "Gospel of Wealth" competed with the anticapitalist "Social Gospel" during postwar industrialization; how the civil rights movement was perhaps the most effective religious intervention in politics in American history; and how the alliance between the Republican Party and the Religious Right has, in many ways, realized the founders' fears of religious-political electoral coalitions. In these and other cases, Lambert shows that religion became sectarian and partisan whenever it entered the political fray, and that religious agendas have always mixed with nonreligious ones.
Religion in American Politics brings rare historical perspective and insight to a subject that was just as important--and controversial--in 1776 as it is today.

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5 mar 19 8:30

Gérard Duménil, Dominique Lévy - Capital Resurgent , Roots of the Neoliberal Revolution (2004).jpg

01 - USA1 - Grard Dumnil, Dominique Lvy - Capital Resurgent, Roots of the Neoliberal Revolution 2004.jpg

The advent of economic neoliberalism in the 1980s triggered a shift in the world economy. In the three decades following World War II, now considered a golden age of capitalism, economic growth was high and income inequality decreasing. But in the mid-1970s this social compact was broken as the world economy entered the stagflation crisis, following a decline in the profitability of capital. This crisis opened a new phase of stagnating growth and wages, and unemployment. Interest rates as well as dividend flows rose, and income inequality widened.
Economists Gérard Duménil and Dominique Lévy show that, despite free market platitudes, neoliberalism was a planned effort by financial interests against the postwar Keynesian compromise. The cluster of neoliberal policies--including privatization, liberalization of world trade, and reduction in state welfare benefits--is an expression of the power of finance in the world economy.
The sequence of events initiated by neoliberalism was not unprecedented. In the late nineteenth century, when economic conditions were similar to those of the 1970s, a structural crisis led to the first financial hegemony culminating in the speculative boom of the late 1920s. The authors argue persuasively for stabilizing the world economy before we run headlong into another economic disaster.

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5 mar 19 8:30

Gérard Duménil, Dominique Lévy - Capital Resurgent , Roots of the Neoliberal Revolution (2004).pdf

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5 mar 19 8:30

Gerard Henrotin - The Savage model 1907 automatic pistol (2000).jpg

Content: Savage 1907 pistol - historical background; Savage 1907 pistol - pocket line; Savage 1907 pistol - field stripping; Savage 1907 pistol - mechanical features; locking mecanism; Savage gallery.

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7,3 MB
5 mar 19 8:30

Gerard Henrotin - The Savage model 1907 automatic pistol (2000).pdf

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5 mar 19 8:30

James Lincoln Collier - Jazz, The American Theme S ong (1995).jpg

Praised by the Washington Post as a "tough, unblinkered critic," James Lincoln Collier is probably the most controversial writer on jazz today. His acclaimed biographies of Louis Armstrong, Duke Ellington, and Benny Goodman continue to spark debate in jazz circles, and his iconoclastic articles on jazz over the past 30 years have attracted even more attention. With the publication of Jazz: The American Theme Song, Collier does nothing to soften his reputation for hard-hitting, incisive commentary. Questioning everything we think we know about jazz--its origins, its innovative geniuses, the importance of improvisation and spontaneous inspiration in a performance--and the jazz world, these ten provocative essays on the music and its place in American culture overturn tired assumptions and will alternately enrage, enlighten, and entertain.
Jazz: The American Theme Song offers music lovers razor-sharp analysis of musical trends and styles, and fearless explorations of the most potentially explosive issues in jazz today. In "Black, White, and Blue," Collier traces African and European influences on the evolution of jazz in a free-ranging discussion that takes him from the French colony of Saint Domingue (now Haiti) to the orderly classrooms where most music students study jazz today. He argues that although jazz was originally devised by blacks from black folk music, jazz has long been a part of the cultural heritage of musicians and audiences of all races and classes, and is not black music per se. In another essay, Collier provides a penetrating analysis of the evolution of jazz criticism, and casts a skeptical eye on the credibility of the emerging "jazz canon" of critical writing and popular history. "The problem is that even the best jazz scholars keep reverting to the fan mentality, suddenly bursting out of the confines of rigorous analysis into sentimental encomiums in which Hot Lips Smithers is presented as some combination of Santa Claus and the Virgin Mary," he maintains. "It is a simple truth that there are thousands of high school music students around the country who know more music theory than our leading jazz critics." Other, less inflammatory but no less intriguing, essays include explorations of jazz as an intrinsic and fundamental source of inspiration for American dance music, rock, and pop; the influence of show business on jazz, and vice versa; and the link between the rise of the jazz soloist and the new emphasis on individuality in the 1920s.
Impeccably researched and informed by Collier's wide-ranging intellect, Jazz: The American Theme Song is an important look at jazz's past, its present, and its uncertain future. It is a book everyone who cares about the music will want to read.

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12,9 MB
5 mar 19 8:30

James Lincoln Collier - Jazz, The American Theme S ong (1995).pdf

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5 mar 19 8:30

Jeremy M. Wilson - Police Recruitment and Retentio n for the New Millennium, The State of Knowledge ( 2010).jpg

Many police departments report difficulties in creating a workforce that represents community demographics, is committed to providing its employees the opportunity for long-term police careers, and effectively implements community policing. This book summarizes lessons on recruiting and retaining effective workforces.

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5 mar 19 8:30

Jeremy M. Wilson - Police Recruitment and Retentio n for the New Millennium, The State of Knowledge ( 2010).pdf

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5 mar 19 8:30

Jill St. Germain - Broken Treaties, United States and Canadian Relations with the Lakotas and the Pl ains Cree, 1868-1885 (2009).jpg

01 - USA1 - Jill St. Germain - Broken Treaties, United States and ...s with the Lakotas and the Plains Cree, 1868-1885 2009.jpg

Broken Treaties is a comparative assessment of Indian treaty negotiation and implementation focusing on the first decade following the United States–Lakota Treaty of 1868 and Treaty Six between Canada and the Plains Cree (1876). Jill St. Germain argues that the “broken treaties” label imposed by nineteenth-century observers and perpetuated in the historical literature has obscured the implementation experience of both Native and non-Native participants and distorted our understanding of the relationships between them. As a result, historians have ignored the role of the Treaty of 1868 as the instrument through which the United States and the Lakotas mediated the cultural divide separating them in the period between 1868 and 1875. In discounting the treaty historians have also failed to appreciate the broader context of U.S. politics, which undermined a treaty solution to the Black Hills crisis in 1876. In Canada, on the other hand, the “broken treaties” tradition has obscured the distinctly different understanding of Treaty Six held by Canada and the Plains Cree. The inability of either party to appreciate the other’s position fostered the damaging misunderstanding that culminated in the Northwest Rebellion of 1885. In the first critical assessment of the implementation of these treaties, Broken Treaties restores Indian treaties to a central position in the investigation of Native–non-Native relations in the United States and Canada.

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5 mar 19 8:30

Jill St. Germain - Broken Treaties, United States and Canadian Relations with the Lakotas and the Pl ains Cree, 1868-1885 (2009).pdf

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5 mar 19 8:30

Laurie Collier Hilstrom - The Attack on Pearl Harb or (2009).jpg

This book is divided into three well-organized sections. Part one provides a narrative overview detailing the events leading up to the attack, the attack itself, and the aftermath, including the U.S. victory in the Pacific as well as the occupation and reconstruction of Japan after World War II. Part two is composed of eight two- to three-page biographies of the important figures such as Yamamoto, Roosevelt, and Doris Miller, the first African-American to receive the Navy Cross. A final section of primary documents from the Japanese attack plan to Truman's announcement of the end of the war provides insight into the war in the Pacific. The quality of Hillstrom's clear prose and meticulous research is first-rate. Events are clearly and extensively chronicled to give readers a sense of what transpired. Black-and-white photos appear throughout. This work is a must-have for reports and assignments; it makes an excellent companion to Jacqueline Laks Gorman's Pearl Harbor: A Primary Source History.

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5 mar 19 8:30

Laurie Collier Hilstrom - The Attack on Pearl Harb or (2009).pdf

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5 mar 19 8:30

Lord Windlesham - Politics, Punishment, and Populi sm (1998).jpg

In this timely, challenging book, a former minister and current legislator in the British government examines the wave of American federal crime-control laws that surfaced both before and after the 1994 "Republican Revolution" in Congress. Lord Windlesham focuses on the pressure that populist opinion and special interests can exert in shaping crime policy. Several law-making actions and arguments are explored, such as the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act (thought by many to be the key legislative achievement of President Clinton's first term), the Brady Act, the "three strikes and you're out" rule, Megan's Law, and so forth. Furthermore, in presenting controversial views on the NRA and its competitors, the book ultimately asks how long America can continue to tolerate the private possession of deadly weapons.

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5 mar 19 8:30

Lord Windlesham - Politics, Punishment, and Populi sm (1998).pdf

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5 mar 19 8:30

Martin Williams - The Jazz Tradition (2nd edition) (1993).jpg

When it was first published in 1970, this lively and fascinating book was greeted with almost universal acclaim. The American Record Guide called it "the best one-volume of jazz we have," and the Jazz Journal praised it as "a brilliant study of the whole of jazz." Perhaps the greatest tribute was paid by Louis Armstrong himself who raved: "it held Ol' Satch spellbound." Now thoroughly revised and expanded, the new edition of The Jazz Tradition offers readers a unique history of jazz, as seen through its greatest practitioners.
An original blend of history and criticism, this book explores the work of nearly two dozen leading musicians and ensembles that have shaped the course of jazz, from King Oliver's Creole Jazz band to the present day. Couched in the same readable, non-technical language that made earlier editions so popular, The Jazz Tradition adds new chapters on some of the more recent giants of jazz, performers like pianist Bill Evans, versatile horn player and saxophonist Eric Dolphy, and the World Saxophone Quartet, and considerably expands the chapter devoted to Count Basie. In addition, a foreword by Richard Crawford introduces the new edition, and the discographies on each performer have been fully brought up to date. Written by an author The Washington Post lauded as "the most knowledgeable, open-minded, and perceptive American jazz critic today," The Jazz Tradition belongs in the library of all lovers of this distinctly American sound.

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5 mar 19 8:30

Martin Williams - The Jazz Tradition (2nd edition) (1993).pdf

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5 mar 19 8:30

Paul Robert Magocsi - Our People, Carpatho-Rusyns and Their Descendants in North America (2005).jpg

Rusyns (Rusyn: Русины, also referred to as Carpatho-Rusyns and Rusnaks) are an Eastern Slavic ethnic group who speak an Eastern Slavic language or dialect known as Rusyn. Rusyns descend from Ruthenians who did not adopt the Ukrainian ethnic identity in the early twentieth century. Some governments have prohibited the use of the term Rusyn, as seen after 1945 in Soviet Transcarpathia and Poland, and by the early 1950s in Czechoslovakia.

Today, Slovakia, Poland, Hungary, the Czech Republic, Serbia and also Croatia officially recognise Rusyns as an ethnic minority. In 2007 Rusyns were recognized as a separate ethnicity in Ukraine by the Zakarpattia Regional Council. Rusyns within Ukraine have Ukrainian citizenship, and most have adopted a Ukrainian ethnic identity. Most contemporary self-identified ethnic Rusyns live outside of Ukraine.

Of the estimated 1.2 million people of Rusyn origin, only 55,000 have officially identified themselves politically or ethnically as Rusyns, according to contemporary censuses. The ethnic classification of Rusyns, however, is controversial, as few contemporary scholars claim it as a separate East Slavic ethnicity – distinct from Russians, Ukrainians, and Belarusians. The majority of Ukrainian scholars, as well as some Rusyns when considering their self-identification, consider Rusyns to be an ethnic subgroup of the Ukrainian people. This is disputed by some Lemko scholars.

The terms Rusyn, Rusniak, Lemak, Lyshak and Lemko are considered by some scholars to be historic, local, and synonymical names for Carpathian Ukrainians. Others hold that the terms Lemko or Rusnak are simply regional variations for Rusyn.

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5 mar 19 8:30

Paul Robert Magocsi - Our People, Carpatho-Rusyns and Their Descendants in North America (2005).pdf

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5 mar 19 8:30

Peter Gelderloos - How Nonviolence Protects the St ate (2007).jpg

Since the civil rights era, the doctrine of nonviolence has enjoyed near-universal acceptance by the US Left. Today protest is often shaped by cooperation with state authorities-even organizers of rallies against police brutality apply for police permits, and anti-imperialists usually stop short of supporting self-defense and armed resistance. How Nonviolence Protects the State challenges the belief that nonviolence is the only way to fight for a better world. In a call bound to stir controversy and lively debate, Peter Gelderloos invites activists to consider diverse tactics, passionately arguing that exclusive nonviolence often acts to reinforce the same structures of oppression that activists seek to overthrow.
Contemporary movements for social change face plenty of difficult questions, but sometimes matters of strategy and tactics receive low priority. Many North American activists fail to scrutinize the role of nonviolence, never posing essential questions:
Is nonviolence effective at ending systems of oppression?
Does nonviolence intersect with white privilege and the dominance of North over South?
How does pacifism reinforce the same power dynamic as patriarchy?
Ultimately, does nonviolence protect the state?
Peter Gelderloos is a radical community organizer. He is the author of Consensus: A New Handbook for Grassroots Political, Social, and Environmental Groups and a contributor to Letters From Young Activists. He is the co-facilitator of a workshop on the prison system, and is also involved in independent media, copwatching, anti-oppression work, and anarchist organizing.

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