Sometime around 1750, English entrepreneurs unleashed the astounding energies of steam and coal, and the world was forever changed. The emergence of factories, railroads, and gunboats propelled the West’s rise to power in the nineteenth century, and the development of computers and nuclear weapons in the twentieth century secured its global supremacy. Now, at the beginning of the twenty-first century, many worry that the emerging economic power of China and India spells the end of the West as a superpower. In order to understand this possibility, we need to look back in time. Why has the West dominated the globe for the past two hundred years, and will its power last?Describing the patterns of human history, the archaeologist and historian Ian Morris offers surprising new answers to both questions. It is not, he reveals, differences of race or culture, or even the strivings of great individuals, that explain Western dominance. It is the effects of geography on the everyday efforts of ordinary people as they deal with crises of resources, disease, migration, and climate. As geography and human ingenuity continue to interact, the world will change in astonishing ways, transforming Western rule in the process.Deeply researched and brilliantly argued, Why the West Rules—for Now spans fifty thousand years of history and offers fresh insights on nearly every page. The book brings together the latest findings across disciplines—from ancient history to neuroscience—not only to explain why the West came to rule the world but also to predict what the future will bring in the next hundred years.

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Charles Jean Jacques Joseph Ardant Du Picq - Battl e Studies. Ancient and Modern Battle (2010).jpg

Ardant du Picq was an obscure French Colonel, that was defeated and killed in battle. The Value of the book lies in the fact that it contains not alone the unmistakable forecast of the defeat itself, but a luminous statement of those fundamental principles, the neglect of whice led to France's defeat. Napoleon has said that in war the moral element is to all others as three is to one. Moreover, as du Picq impressively demonstrates, while all other circumstances change with time, the human element remains the same, capable of just so much endurance, sacrifice, effort, and no more. Thus, from Caesar to Foch, the essential factor in war endures unmodified. (Frank H. Simonds)

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Charles Jean Jacques Joseph Ardant Du Picq - Battl e Studies, Ancient and Modern Battle (2010).pdf

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Paul Goldberg, Richard I. Macphail - Practical and Theoretical Geoarchaeology (2006).jpg

Practical and Theoretical Geoarchaeology provides an invaluable overview of geoarchaeology and how it can be used effectively in the study of archaeological sites and contexts. Taking a pragmatic and functional approach, this book presents a fundamental, broad-based perspective of the essentials of modern geoarchaeology in order to demonstrate the breadth of the approaches and the depth of the problems that it can tackle.This book reflects the rapid advances made in the discipline in recent years, but also gives the reader a firm grasp of conventional approaches. It covers traditional topics with the emphasis on landscapes, as well as anthropogenic site formation processes and their investigation. It also provides guidelines for the presentation of field and laboratory methods and the reporting of geoarchaeological results.Practical and Theoretical Geoarchaeology is essential reading for archaeology undergraduate and graduate students, practicing archaeologists and geoscientists who need to understand and apply geoarchaeological methodologies.

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Paul Goldberg, Richard I. Macphail - Practical and Theoretical Geoarchaeology (2006).pdf

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Simon Winchester - Krakatoa; The Day the World Exp loded; August 27, 1883 (2003).jpg

It may seem a stretch to connect a volcanic eruption with civil and religious unrest in Indonesia today, but Simon Winchester makes a compelling case. Krakatoa tells the frightening tale of the biggest volcanic eruption in history using a blend of gentle geology and narrative history. Krakatoa erupted at a time when technologies like the telegraph were becoming commonplace and Asian trade routes were being expanded by northern European companies. This bustling colonial backdrop provides an effective canvas for the suspense leading up to August 27th, 1883, when the nearby island of Krakatoa would violently vaporize. Winchester describes the eruption through the eyes of its survivors, and readers will be as horrified and mesmerized as eyewitnesses were as the death toll reached nearly 40,000 (almost all of whom died from tsunamis generated by the unimaginably strong shock waves of the eruption). Ships were thrown miles inshore, endless rains of hot ash engulfed those towns not drowned by 100 foot waves, and vast rafts of pumice clogged the hot sea. The explosion was heard thousands of miles away, and the eruption's shock wave traveled around the world seven times. But the book's biggest surprise is not the riveting catalog of the volcano's effects; rather, it is Winchester's contention that the Dutch abandonment of their Indonesian colonies after the disaster left local survivors to seek comfort in radical Islam, setting the stage for a volatile future for the region.

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Stephanie Leitch - Mapping Ethnography in Early Mo dern Germany; New Worlds in Print Culture (2010).jpg

As the first book-length examination of the role of German print culture in mediating Europe’s knowledge of the newly discovered people of Africa, South Asia, and the Americas, this work highlights a unique and early incident of visual accuracy and an unprecedented investment in the practice of ethnography.

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Stephen House, William Maltby - Western Civilizati on; A History of European Society (2004).jpg

Completely revised with your students' success in mind, WESTERN CIVILIZATION: A HISTORY OF EUROPEAN SOCIETY offers a concise overview of the social and political forces that have shaped the West. In fewer pages than other texts, Hause and Maltby's narrative presents a social history of Western civilization within the essential contexts of major military and political events. The text's strong reliance on primary sources--excerpts of original documents that flesh out the concepts covered in the narrative, tables and graphs that collect the raw social and economic data of history--brings the reader right into the pages of history, giving them a fascinating look at the events that have shaped the world in which they live.

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Peter Goodrich - Law in the Courts of Love; Litera ture and Other Minor Jurisprudences (1996).jpg

Law in the Courts of Love traces the literary history and diversity of past legal systems. These "minor jurisprudences" range from the spiritual laws of the courts of conscience to the code and judgements of love handed down by women's courts in medieval France. Peter Goodrich presents the 15th Century Courts of Love in Paris as one instance of an alternative jurisdiction drawn from the diversities of the legal and literary past. These studies trace certain boundaries of modern law and make up one of many forms of legal knowledge which escape today's vision of unitary law. Law in the Courts of Love shows how the historical diversity of forms and procedures of law can competently form the basis for critical revisions of contemporary legal doctrine and professional practice.

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Peter Goodrich - Law in the Courts of Love; Litera ture and Other Minor Jurisprudences (1996).pdf

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Sophie A. de Beaune, Frederick L. Coolidge, Thomas Wynn - Cognitive Archaeology and Human Evolution (2009).jpg

This book presents new directions in the study of cognitive archaeology. Seeking to understand the conditions that led to the development of a variety of cognitive processes during evolution, it uses evidence from empirical studies and offers theoretical speculations about the evolution of modern thinking as well. The volume draws from the fields of archaeology and neuropsychology, which traditionally have shared little in the way of theories and methods, even though both disciplines provide crucial pieces to the puzzle of the emergence and evolution of human cognition. The twelve essays, written by an international team of scholars, represent an eclectic array of interests, methods, and theories about evolutionary cognitive archaeology. Collectively, they consider whether the processes in the development of human cognition simply made a better use of anatomical and cerebral structures already in place at the beginning of hominization. They also consider the possibility of an active role of hominoids in their own development and query the impact of hominoid activity in the emergence of new cognitive abilities.

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Peter Campbell - Power and Politics in Old Regime France, 1720-1745 (1996).jpg

Based on exhaustive archival research, this book offers a comprehensive analysis of the neglected ministries of the duc de Bourbon and the cardinal de Fleury. Power and Politics in Old Regime France is a major history of the politics of the first half of the reign of Louis XV. It is based on exhaustive archival research and offers a comprehensive analysis of the neglected ministries of the Duc de Bourbon and the Cardinal de Fleury. Peter Campbell deals first with court, policy and faction. A second section offers new interpretations of the crises provoked by the Jansenism and the Paris parlement. The methods and practices of political management in this period of successful government are contrasted with the crisis of the old regime in the 1780s. An unusually substantial bibliography represents an invaluable resource to the researcher.

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11,3 MB
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Peter Campbell - Power and Politics in Old Regime France, 1720-1745 (1996).pdf

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Jonathan Wright - Gustav Stresemann; Weimar's Grea test Statesman (2002).jpg

Gustav Stresemann was the exceptional political figure of his time. His early death in 1929 has long been viewed as the beginning of the end for the Weimar Republic and the opening through which Hitler was able to come to power. His career was marked by many contradictions but also a pervading loyalty to the values of liberalism and nationalism. This enabled him in time both to adjust to defeat and revolution and to recognize in the Republic the only basis on which Germans could unite, and in European cooperation the only way to avoid a new war. His attempt to build a stable Germany as an equal power in a stable Europe throws an important light on German history in a critical time. Hitler was the beneficiary of his failure but, so long as he was alive, Stresemann offered Germans a clear alternative to the Nazis. Jonathan Wright's fascinating new study is the first modern biography of Stresemann to appear in English or German.

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Jonathan Wright - Gustav Stresemann; Weimar's Grea test Statesman (2002).pdf

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Efraim Lev, Zohar Amar - Practical Materia Medica of the Medieval Eastern Mediterranean According to the Cairo Genizah (2007).jpg

Historia2 - Efraim Lev, Zohar Amar - Practical Materia Medica of t...tern Mediterranean According to the Cairo Genizah 2007.jpg

The authors provide a new insight to the practice of medical care in the medieval world. They examine the medicinal prescriptions and references to materia medica of the Cairo Genizah by combining the approaches of ethnobotany and history of medicine.

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Efraim Lev, Zohar Amar - Practical Materia Medica of the Medieval Eastern Mediterranean According to the Cairo Genizah (2007).pdf

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George Robert Elford - Devil's Guard (1972).jpg

The personal account of a guerrilla fighter in the French Foreign Legion, reveals the Nazi Battalion's inhumanities to Indochinese villagers.

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10,7 MB
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George Robert Elford - Devil's Guard (1972).pdf

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Laura M. Rival - Trekking Through History (2002).jpg

The Huaorani of Ecuador lived as hunters and gatherers in the Amazonian rainforest for hundred of years, largely undisturbed by western civilization. Since their first encounter with North American missionaries in 1956, they have held a special place in journalistic and popular imagination as "Ecuador's last savages." Trekking Through History is the first description of Huaorani society and culture according to modern standards of ethnographic writing. Through her comprehensive study of their extraordinary tradition of trekking, Laura Rival shows that the Huaorani cannot be seen merely as anachronistic survivors of the Spanish Conquest. Her critical reappraisal of the notions of agricultural regression and cultural devolution challenges the universal application of the thesis that marginal tribes of the Amazon Basin represent devolved populations who have lost their knowledge of agriculture. Far from being an evolutionary event, trekking expresses cultural creativity and political agency. Through her detailed comparative discussion of native Amazonian representations of history and the environment, Rival illustrates the unique way the Huaorani have socialized nature by choosing to depend on resources created in the past -- highlighting the unique contribution anthropology makes to the study of environmental history.

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Maryanne Cline Horowitz - New Dictionary of the Hi story of Ideas (6 Volume Set) (2004).jpg

This is an entirely new work rather than a mere revision, featuring more than twice as many articles as the original (well over 700 as compared to just over 300) as well as a more definite global view of the topics covered when compared to the Eurocentric nature of the older set. There are more than 550 contributors, including such well-known writers as Peter Burke, Nathan Glazer, Arthur Hertzberg, Moshe Idel, Margaret L. King, and Martin E. Marty. Entries include those on the same topics but entirely rewritten from the original (City, Nationalism, Time) along with those that could barely have been thought of in the mid-1970s (Computer science, Sexual harassment, Visual culture). Just as telling, reflecting the scholarly shift over the past 30 years, are entries that no longer exist, such as Baconianism; Faith, hope, and charity; and Uniformitarianism and catastrophism.

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Bulgarian Coins Catalog 1881-2010 (2010).jpg

Каталог содержит болгарские монеты периода с 1881 по 2010. По каждой монете дано изображение, тираж, год, номинал, диаметр, и т.д.

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Bulgarian Coins Catalog 1881-2010 (2010).pdf

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Ernest Volkman - Science Goes to War; The Search f or the Ultimate Weapon, From Greek Fire to Star Wa rs (2002).jpg

Historia2 - Ernest Volkman - Science Goes to War The Search for th...he Ultimate Weapon, From Greek Fire to Star Wars 2002.jpg

"It was a thing blameworthy, shameful and barbarous, worthy of severe punishment before God and Man, to wish to bring to perfection an art damageable to one’s neighbor and destructive to the human race."
This anguished statement from the fifteenth-century Italian mathematician known as Tartaglia, who created the science of ballistics, might have come from any one of thousands of brilliant scientists who, throughout history, have applied their genius to the art of war. Every advance in weaponry from the bronze sword to the stealth bomber has been the product of science, and it is likely that without the pressure of war, science as we know it would not exist.
Science Goes to War examines the moral dilemmas, knotty technological problems, and pragmatic necessities that have punctuated the inseparable histories of science and warfare. This remarkably comprehensive volume recounts the 4,000-year quest for the ultimate weapon and reveals how this eternal arms race has both exploited and contributed to "pure" science. Highlights among the many compelling stories in Science Goes to War include:
* Archimedes and the defense of Syracuse
* Galileo and the first military R&D laboratory
* Emperor Meiji and the technological transformation of Japan
* The Manhattan Project

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Ernest Volkman - Science Goes to War; The Search f or the Ultimate Weapon, From Greek Fire to Star Wa rs (2002).pdf

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John William Draper - History of the Conflict betw een Religion and Science (2009).jpg

This fascinating text, first published in 1875, is a key early example of the conflict thesis. This theory expounds the premise of an intrinsic conflict between science and religion, and is archetypal of one aspect of this late-Victorian debate. Draper asserts that science has reached a point where its threat to traditional teachings can no longer be ignored, and he offers this history as a means to understanding both the interaction between religion and science and their perpetual opposition. He covers examples of this relationship, from Christianity's origins to the then contemporary crisis of church division and the Prussian-Austrian war, and also examines in turn what both Christianity and science have done for modern civilisation. Discussions of the central points of crossover and change in the history of science and Christianity lead to the conclusion that for religion to survive it must accept fact and reason.

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John William Draper - History of the Conflict betw een Religion and Science (2009).pdf

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Jamal Malik - Perspectives of Mutual Encounters in South Asian History, 1760-1860 (2000).jpg

This volume explores the issues of cultural reciprocity between Europeans and South Asians. In doing so, prevailing assumptions about these complex relationships are examined.

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Jamal Malik - Perspectives of Mutual Encounters in South Asian History, 1760-1860 (2000).pdf

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Allison B. Kavey - World-Building and the Early Mo dern Imagination (2010).jpg

From British attempts on the stage and page to reinvent the world order with their island at the center to the Jesuit Athanasius Kircher’s museum that strove to make the invisible visible, the early modern period was rife with attempts to reimagine the world and the human place within it. This volume looks at natural philosophers, playwrights, historians, and other figures in the period 1500-1700 as a means of accessing the plethora of world models that circulated in Europe during this era. Contributors to this volume ask what motivated institutions and individuals to engage in world-building, examining its cultural utility and the reception these new worlds received. Close textual and visual analysis provide the foundation for the book, and the array of sources illustrates the rich tapestry of ideas, anxieties, and enthusiasms that served as the basis for world-building. Only through investigating imagined worlds as closely as scholars have examined “real” Renaissance landscapes can we hope to understand the intellectual and cultural reassessments that characterized this period, and the critical importance of imagination and belief in its intellectual landscape.

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