Fearing that the future of the nation was at stake following the First World War, German policymakers vastly expanded social welfare programs to shore up women and families. Just over a decade later, the Nazis seized control of the state and created a radically different, racially driven gender and family policy. This book explores Weimar and Nazi policy to highlight the fundamental, far-reaching change wrought by the Nazis and the disparity between national family policy design and its implementation at the local level. Relying on a broad range of sources - including court records, sterilization files, church accounts, and women's oral histories - it demonstrates how local officials balanced the benefits of marriage, divorce, and adoption against budgetary concerns, church influence, and their own personal beliefs. Throughout both eras individual Germans collaborated with, rebelled against, and evaded state mandates, in the process fundamentally altering the impact of national policy.

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Michelle Mouton - From Nurturing the Nation to Pur ifying the Volk, Weimar and Nazi Family Policy, 19 18-1945 (2007).pdf

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Ewart Oakeshott - The Archaeology of Weapons, Arms and Armour from Prehistory to the Age of Chivalry (1999).jpg

Historia21 - Ewart Oakeshott - The Archaeology of Weapons, Arms an...nd Armour from Prehistory to the Age of Chivalry 1999.jpg

In The Archaeology of Weapons, Ewart Oakeshott traces the development of European arms in logical sequence, showing how changes were wrought by the use of new materials and the ever-shifting demands of war and fashion. This history begins nearly two hundred years before the Christian era, covering among other subjects the charioteers of the Near East, the Roman attitude to arms and the Bronze Age weapons of Europe. The core of the book, however, is the middle ages: a general survey of the institution of chivalry, an understanding of which is vital to the appreciation of all the arms of the high middle ages, is followed by a classification covering all sword types from about 1050 to 1500. Oakeshott draws on a variety of sources, from the archaeological evidence provided by existing weapons to the clues to be found in literature as diverse as the Old Testament, the works of Homer, Norse sagas and medieval romances. The symbolic importance of the sword is treated as an essential part of this lucid study and adds much to its archaeological interest.

About the Author
EWART OAKESHOTTis one of the world's leading authorities on the arms and armour of medieval Europe. His other works on the subject include Records of the Medieval Sword and The Sword in the Age of Chivalry.

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21,2 MB
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Ewart Oakeshott - The Archaeology of Weapons, Arms and Armour from Prehistory to the Age of Chivalry (1999).pdf

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Arms & Armor - Ewart Oakeshott - Sword in Hand, A Brief Survey of the Knightly Sword (2001).jpg

EWART OAKESHOTTis one of the world's leading authorities on the arms and armour of medieval Europe. His other works on the subject include Records of the Medieval Sword and The Sword in the Age of Chivalry.

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Richard Weikart - Hitler's Ethic, The Nazi Pursuit of Evolutionary Progress (2009).jpg

In this book, Weikart helps unlock the mystery of Hitler’s evil by vividly demonstrating the surprising conclusion that Hitler’s immorality flowed from a coherent ethic. Hitler was inspired by evolutionary ethics to pursue the utopian project of biologically improving the human race. This ethic underlay or influenced almost every major feature of Nazi policy: eugenics (i.e., measures to improve human heredity, including compulsory sterilization), euthanasia, racism, population expansion, offensive warfare, and racial extermination.

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Richard Weikart - Hitler's Ethic, The Nazi Pursuit of Evolutionary Progress (2009).pdf

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Mathew Hughes - Fanaticism and Conflict in the Mod ern Age (2005).jpg

What is fanaticism? Is the term at all useful? After all, one person's fanatic is another's freedom fighter. Throughout history there have been fanatics eager to pursue their religious, political or personal agendas. Fanaticism has fuelled many of the conflicts of the twentieth century, in particular the theatres of combat of the Second World War. More recently, religious fanaticism has bedevilled affairs in the Middle East and elsewhere. Is fanaticism becoming more fanatical in the new millennium? As the events of 11 September 2001 prove, fanaticism, however it is defined, continues to dominate international affairs. This volume presents new and established scholars writing on a range of subjects from the Dervishes of the 1890s to the terrorism and guerrilla wars of the post-1945 period. The volume covers the nature and philosophy of fanaticism, the connection between political ideology and fanaticism, and the relationship between fanaticism and war in the contemporary era. To illustrate these themes, the volume presents a broad range of case studies including the Dervishes in the Sudan in the 1890s, fanaticism in the context of the Pacific war, 1937-45, the 12th SS Hitler Jugend Division in action in Normandy in 1944, the German army on the Eastern Front, and terrorism and guerrilla war after 1945.

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17,9 MB
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Mathew Hughes - Fanaticism and Conflict in the Mod ern Age (2005).pdf

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Anna Bramwell - Blood and Soil, Walther Darre and Hitler's Green Party (1985).jpg

Summary: The Green Nazi

One of the rare unbiased accounts of anything pertaining to National Socialism. The subject of this book, Walther Darre, was one of the most interesting and progressive people to come out of the Nazi Party. Promoting various "green" ideas and putting them into practice. Of course like many others in the Nazi Party he was stabbed in the back and screwed over by Hitler in the end.
Conservation of forests and nature, eating healthy, animal rights, organic farming, living away from society, not having an uptight attitude about sex, worshipping your own ancestral gods instead of the gods of semites, localized socialism and self sufficency, these were all common themes and practices in the early days and origins of the nazi party. Most of these things were not practiced or even thought about at that time in history until the Volkish movement in Germany popped up. The hippies and environmentalists picked up on a lot of these ideas, although 99% were totally clueless of their origins. Yet another interesting person and facet of National Socialist Germany that you won't hear about on the History Channel or in your sound bite level university history class that covers WW2.

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John Renard - Historical Dictionary of Sufism (200 5).jpg

With more than 3,000 entries and cross-references on the history, main figures, institutions, theory, and literary works associated with Islam's mystical tradition, Sufism, this dictionary brings together in one volume extensive historical information that helps put contemporary events into a historical context.

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4,1 MB
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John Renard - Historical Dictionary of Sufism (200 5).pdf

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James R. Lewis - The Order of the Solar Temple, Th e Temple of Death (2006).jpg

In October 1994, fifty-three members of the Order of the Solar Temple in Switzerland and Quebec were murdered or committed suicide. This incident and two later group suicides in subsequent years played a pivotal role in inflaming the cult controversy in Europe, influencing the public to support harsher actions against non-traditional religions. Despite the importance of the Order of the Solar Temple, there are relatively few studies published in English. This book brings together the best scholarship on the Solar Temple including newly commissioned pieces from leading scholars, a selection of Solar Temple documents, and important previously published articles newly edited for inclusion within this book. This is the first book-length study of the Order of the Solar Temple to be published in English.

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James R. Lewis - The Order of the Solar Temple, Th e Temple of Death (2006).pdf

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Ruth Henig - The Weimar Republic, 1919-1933 (1998).jpg

The Weimar Republic presents a much-needed reappraisal of Germany between the wars, examining the political, social and economic aims of the new republic, their failure and how they led to Nazism and eventually World War II.

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12,6 MB
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Ruth Henig - The Weimar Republic, 1919-1933 (1998).pdf

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W.D. Rubinstein - The Myth of Rescue, Why the Demo cracies Could Not Have Saved More Jews from the Na zis (1997).jpg

Historia21 - W.D. Rubinstein - The Myth of Rescue, Why the Democrac...es Could Not Have Saved More Jews from the Nazis 1997.jpg

It has long been claimed that the Allies did little or nothing to rescue Europe's Jews. Did they deny refuge to those fleeing Hitler's death machine? Why did they fail to bomb Auschwitz and the other concentration camps? Could they have actually negotiated with the Nazis for Jewish lives? Arguing that the rescue of the Jewish people has been consistently misinterpreted, The Myth of Rescue states that no Jew who perished in the Holocaust could have been saved by any action of the Western Allies. Presenting what was actually known of the Holocaust at the time and what actions were realistically possible, William D. Rubinstein traces the development of the arguments surrounding the debate and debunks the "myths" that were generated in the 1970s and '80s: the myth of the closed-door immigration policies in the years 1933-40 and the plans for rescue proposed by the democracies--including the bombing of concentration camps, the possibility that the War Refugee Board couldhave saved more Jews, and the rumors of negotiations between the democracies and Nazis to save Jewish lives. The topic is explored with a historian's skill and presented with the conviction of one who once believed that the democracies did nothing and more Jews could have been rescued but who now, through his own research, has uncovered evidence that the opposite is true.

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W.D. Rubinstein - The Myth of Rescue, Why the Demo cracies Could Not Have Saved More Jews from the Na zis (1997).pdf

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Mohamed Zayani - The Al Jazeera Phenomenon (2005).jpg

The breakdown of democracy in Spain in the 1930s resulted in a torrent of political and military violence. In this thoroughly revised edition of his classic text, Paul Preston provides a deeply disturbing explanation of the democratic collapse, coherently and excitingly outlining the social and economic background. Since the first edition of this book was completed more than fifteen years ago, archives have been opened up, the diaries, letters and memoirs of major protagonists have been published and there have been innumerable studies of the politics of the Republic, of parties, unions, elections and social conflict, national and provincial. This edition updates the original text as exhaustively as possible to take account of the new material.

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Mohamed Zayani - The Al Jazeera Phenomenon (2005).pdf

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Christine Kovic - Mayan Voices for Human Rights, D isplaced Catholics in Highland Chiapas (2005).jpg

In the last decades of the twentieth century, thousands of Mayas were expelled, often violently, from their homes in San Juan Chamula and other highland communities in Chiapas, Mexico, by fellow Mayas allied with the ruling Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI). State and federal authorities generally turned a blind eye to these human rights abuses, downplaying them as local conflicts over religious conversion and defense of cultural traditions. The expelled have organized themselves to fight not only for religious rights, but also for political and economic justice based on a broad understanding of human rights. This pioneering ethnography tells the intertwined stories of the new communities formed by the Mayan exiles and their ongoing efforts to define and defend their human rights. Focusing on a community of Mayan Catholics, the book describes the process by which the progressive Diocese of San Cristobal and Bishop Samuel Ruiz Garcia became powerful allies for indigenous people in the promotion and defense of human rights. Drawing on the words and insights of displaced Mayas she interviewed throughout the 1990s, Christine Kovic reveals how the exiles have created new communities and lifeways based on a shared sense of faith (even between Catholics and Protestants) and their own concept of human rights and dignity. She also uncovers the underlying political and economic factors that drove the expulsions and shows how the Mayas who were expelled for not being "traditional" enough are in fact basing their new communities on traditional values of duty and reciprocity.

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Christine Kovic - Mayan Voices for Human Rights, D isplaced Catholics in Highland Chiapas (2005).pdf

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Nicholas P. Higgins - Understanding the Chiapas Re bellion, Modernist Visions and the Invisible India n (2004).jpg

Historia21 - Nicholas P. Higgins - Understanding the Chiapas Rebell...lion, Modernist Visions and the Invisible Indian 2004.jpg

To many observers in the late 1980s and early 1990s, Mexico appeared to be a modern nation-state at last assuming an international role through its participation in NAFTA and the OECD (Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development). Then came the Zapatista revolt on New Year's Day 1994. Wearing ski masks and demanding not power but a new understanding of the indigenous peoples of Mexico, Subcomandante Marcos and his followers launched what may be the first "post" or "counter" modern revolution, one that challenges the very concept of the modern nation-state and its vision of a fully assimilated citizenry. This book offers a new way of understanding the Zapatista conflict as a counteraction to the forces of modernity and globalization that have rendered indigenous peoples virtually invisible throughout the world. Placing the conflict within a broad sociopolitical and historical context, Nicholas Higgins traces the relations between Maya Indians and the Mexican state from the conquest to the present--which reveals a centuries-long contest over the Maya people's identity and place within Mexico. His incisive analysis of this contest clearly explains how the notions of "modernity" and even of "the state" require the assimilation of indigenous peoples. With this understanding, Higgins argues, the Zapatista uprising becomes neither surprising nor unpredictable, but rather the inevitable outcome of a modernizing program that suppressed the identity and aspirations of the Maya peoples.

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Nicholas P. Higgins - Understanding the Chiapas Re bellion, Modernist Visions and the Invisible India n (2004).pdf

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Osprey - Field of Glory 1 - Richard Bodley-Scott - Rise of Rome, Republican Rome Army List (2008).jpg

Field of Glory presents the historical tabletop wargamer with a new, accessible rules set. Rise of Rome provides an accessible, detailed army listing for the Roman Republic and its enemies, from the war against Pyrrhos, to the victory of Augustus. This companion contains a complete historical overview of this period, covering conflicts such as the Punic Wars and Romes bloody wars with Hannibal and the Carthiginians. It includes well-designed, visually stunning and comprehensive army listings, with detailed historical overviews of each army, supporting maps and Osprey artwork.
My Links

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14,2 MB
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Osprey - Field of Glory 1 - Richard Bodley-Scott - Rise of Rome, Republican Rome Army List (2008).pdf

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Osprey - Field of Glory 2 - Richard Bodley-Scott - Storm of Arrows, Late Medieval Army List (2002).jpg

Field of Glory presents the historical tabletop wargamer with a new, accessible rules set. Storm of Arrows provides an accessible, detailed companion for the Later Medieval period, 1300-1500. This army list contains a complete historical overview of this period, covering conflicts such as the Hundred Years War, and Wars of the Roses. It includes well-designed, visually stunning and comprehensive army listings, with detailed historical overviews of each army, supporting maps and artwork.

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Osprey - Field of Glory 8 - Richard Bodley-Scott - Wolves from the Sea, The Dark Ages (2009).jpg

This book covers the Early Medieval period in western and northern Europe, commonly known as the "Dark Ages", from 496 AD until 1070 AD.
Following the collapse of the Western Roman Empire at the end of the 5th century, the post-Roman world was divided into a number of kingdoms, each ruled by the "barbarian" grouping that had come to control it during the last days of die Empire. After the initial round of wars, the Franks held most of modern France and also controlled a substantial area of Germany, the Visigoths held Spain, the Ostrogoths held Italy and the Vandals held North Africa.
Continuity with the Roman Empire, however, was at first considerable. Many of the "barbarian" armies, though of Germanic tribal origin, were in fact originally Late Roman field armies, and continued to use Late Roman methods of supporting the soldiers. Each soldier was assigned to share a portion of the land of a Roman landowner, from which he drew his pay.
In the mid 6th century the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire launched a counter-offensive, reconquering Africa from the Vandals, Italy from the Ostrogoths and part of southern Spain from the Visigoths. Soon after, however, diey lost the north of Italy to the invading Lombards.

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Osprey - Field of Glory 9 - Richard Bodley-Scott - Swifter Than Eagles, The Biblical Middle East at War (2009).jpg

Historia21 - Osprey - Field of Glory 9 - Richard Bodley-Scott - S...ter Than Eagles, The Biblical Middle East at War 2009.jpg

This book covers the better known armies of the Near East in the Bronze and Iron Ages up until die creation of the Achaemenid Persian Empire in the mid-6th century BC.
Metallurgy developed first in the mountains of the Anatolian highlands (in modern Turkey), where diere were rich deposits of metal ores. The Early Bronze Age (3500-2000 BC) saw the rise of urbanisation with the creation of city states throughout the "Fertile Crescent" from Egypt to Mesopotamia (modern Iraq) and the development of larger kingdoms such as those of Egypt and Akkad.The Middle Bronze Age (2000-1600) saw major movements of peoples, such as the Amorites, Hittites, Hurrians and Hyksos, changing the political map. The development of true chariots towards the end of this period revolutionised warfare. The Late Bronze Age (1600-1200) saw the great kingdoms - Egypt, the Hittites, Mitamii, Assyria and Babylon -competing for power on a grand scale.
In the late 13th and early 12th centuries, however, there appears to have been a major crisis throughout the Near East, resulting in the complete collapse of the Aegean (Mycenaean) and Anatolian (Hittite) palace cultures and the retreat of the Egyptian Kingdom to its core territory. The causes of this collapse are disputed, but there is no doubt that the period saw major migrations of militant peoples throughout the Mediterranean region, particularly the enigmatic "Sea Peoples".

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