The cardinal role of Anglo-Saxon libraries in the transmission of classical and patristic literature to the later middle ages has long been recognized, for these libraries sustained the researches of those English scholars whose writings determined the curriculum of medieval schools: Aldhelm, Bede, and Alcuin, to name only the best known. Yet this is the first full-length account of the nature and holdings of Anglo-Saxon libraries from the sixth century to the eleventh.
The early chapters discuss libraries in antiquity, notably at Alexandria and republican and imperial Rome, and also the Christian libraries of late antiquity which supplied books to Anglo-Saxon England. Because Anglo-Saxon libraries themselves have almost completely vanished, three classes of evidence need to be combined in order to form a detailed imion of their holdings: surviving inventories, surviving manuscripts, and citations of classical and patristic works by Anglo-Saxon authors themselves.
After setting out the problems entailed in using such evidence, the book is pred with appendices containing editions of all surviving Anglo-Saxon inventories, lists of all Anglo-Saxon manuscripts exported to continental libraries during the eighth century and then all manuscripts re-imported into England in the tenth, as well as a catalogue of all citations of classical and patristic literature by Anglo-Saxon authors.
A comprehensive index, arranged alphabetically by author, combines these various classes of evidence so that the reader can see at a glance what books were known where and by whom in Anglo-Saxon England. The book thus pres, within a single volume, a vast amount of information on the books and learning of the schools which determined the course of medieval literary culture.

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Michael Lapidge - The Anglo-Saxon Library (2006).pdf

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Michel Pastoureau - Black, The History of a Color (2008).jpg

Black--favorite color of priests and penitents, artists and ascetics, fashion designers and fascists--has always stood for powerfully opposed ideas: authority and humility, sin and holiness, rebellion and conformity, wealth and poverty, good and bad. In this beautiful and richly illustrated book, the acclaimed author of Blue now tells the fascinating social history of the color black in Europe.
In the beginning was black, Michel Pastoureau tells us. The archetypal color of darkness and death, black was associated in the early Christian period with hell and the devil but also with monastic virtue. In the medieval era, black became the habit of courtiers and a hallmark of royal luxury. Black took on new meanings for early modern Europeans as they began to print words and images in black and white, and to absorb Isaac Newton's announcement that black was no color after all. During the romantic period, black was melancholy's friend, while in the twentieth century black (and white) came to dominate art, print, photography, and film, and was finally restored to the status of a true color.
For Pastoureau, the history of any color must be a social history first because it is societies that give colors everything from their changing names to their changing meanings--and black is exemplary in this regard. In dyes, fabrics, and clothing, and in painting and other art works, black has always been a forceful--and ambivalent--shaper of social, symbolic, and ideological meaning in European societies.
With its striking design and compelling text, Black will delight anyone who is interested in the history of fashion, art, media, or design

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Neil Kenny - The Uses of Curiosity in Early Modern France and Germany (2004).jpg

Why did people argue about curiosity in France, Germany, and elsewhere in Europe between the sixteenth and the eighteenth centuries, so much more than today? Why was curiosity a fashionable topic in early modern conduct manuals, university dissertations, scientific treatises, sermons, newspapers, novellas, plays, operas, ballets, poems, from Corneille to Diderot, from Johann Valentin Andreae to Gottlieb Spizel? Universities, churches, and other institutions invoked curiosity in order to regulate knowledge or behavior, to establish who should try to know or do what, and under what circumstances. As well as investigating a crucial episode in the history of knowledge, this study makes a distinctive contribution to historiographical debates about the nature of "concepts." Curiosity was constantly reshaped by the uses of it. And yet, strangely, however much people contested what curiosity was, they often agreed that what they were disagreeing about was one and the same thing.

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10,6 MB
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Neil Kenny - The Uses of Curiosity in Early Modern France and Germany (2004).pdf

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Oliver Grant - Migration and Inequality in Germany 1870-1913 (2005).jpg

Grant's study is a rigorous analysis of migration in Germany within the demographic and socio-economic contexts of the period studied. Focusing particularly on the rural labour market and the factors affecting it, it also examines the 'pull' factor to cities, and offers more nuanced interpretations of German industrialization in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

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10,2 MB
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Oliver Grant - Migration and Inequality in Germany 1870-1913 (2005).pdf

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William Broad, Nicholas Wade - Betrayers of the Tr uth, Fraud and Deceit in the Halls of Science (198 3).jpg

A fascinating story of intellect seduced by the temptation of fame. The author recounts the studies of scientific historians bringing to light the deception of famous scientists:
- Ptolemy who took the credit from another Greek astronomer, Hipparchus;
- Galileo, father of empiricism, who's experiments defied replication;
- Newton who, from his lofty seat as president of the Royal Society, accused Leibniz of
plagiary while doctoring supporting measurements to make his own Principia more
persuasive.

From there the author describes more modern plagiarism and outright deceit within the scientific community.

This is a great read for those seeking a career in the sciences or in engineering.

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William Broad, Nicholas Wade - Betrayers of the Tr uth, Fraud and Deceit in the Halls of Science (198 3).djvu

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Xinru Liu - The Silk Road in World History (2010).jpg

The Silk Road was the contemporary name for a complex of ancient trade routes linking East Asia with Central Asia, South Asia, and the Mediterranean world. This network of exchange emerged along the borders between agricultural China and the steppe nomads during the Han Dynasty (206BCE-220CE), in consequence of the inter-dependence and the conflicts of these two distinctive societies. In their quest for horses, fragrances, spices, gems, glassware, and other exotics from the lands to their west, the Han Empire extended its dominion over the oases around the Takla Makan Desert and sent silk all the way to the Mediterranean, either through the land routes leading to the caravan city of Palmyra in Syria desert, or by way of northwest India, the Arabian Sea and the Red Sea, landing at Alexandria. The Silk Road survived the turmoil of the demise of the Han and Roman Empires, reached its golden age during the early middle age, when the Byzantine Empire and the Tang Empire became centers of silk culture and established the models for high culture of the Eurasian world. The coming of Islam extended silk culture to an even larger area and paved the way for an expanded market for textiles and other commodities. By the 11th century, however, the Silk Road was in decline because of intense competition from the sea routes of the Indian Ocean.
Using supply and demand as the framework for analyzing the formation and development of the Silk Road, the book examines the dynamics of the interactions of the nomadic pastoralists with sedentary agriculturalists, and the spread of new ideas, religions, and values into the world of commerce, thus illustrating the cultural forces underlying material transactions. This effort at tracing the interconnections of the diverse participants in the transcontinental Silk Road exchange will demonstrate that the world had been linked through economic and ideological forces long before the modern era.

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James Mulvihill - Upstart Talents, Rhetoric and th e Career of Reason in English Romantic Discourse, 1790-1820 (2004).jpg

Historia21 - James Mulvihill - Upstart Talents, Rhetoric and the Ca... Reason in English Romantic Discourse, 1790-1820 2004.jpg

This study examines the use and abuse of rhetoric in English public life from 1790 to the end of the Regency. It begins from the premise that the period's rhetoric can employ reasoned arguments while also exhibiting regressive tendencies not so much supplanting rational discourse as using it in unexpected ways. Its underlying premise is that, however distinct were the positions taken by various political constituencies at this time, these positions could be advocated by means of rhetorical techniques common to all. The materialist emphasis of current cultural studies pres a useful corrective to the grand schemas of intellectual history but overcompensates by employing only the most nominal generalizations. While revisionist treatments of the "public sphere" have succeeded in breaking the concept down into divers political constituencies, this study examines assumptions about public discourse shared by these constituencies.

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James Mulvihill - Upstart Talents, Rhetoric and th e Career of Reason in English Romantic Discourse, 1790-1820 (2004).pdf

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Maher Abu-Munshar - Islamic Jerusalem and its Chri stians, A History of Tolerance and Tensions (2007 ).jpg

Islamic Jerusalem has a special place in the hearts of the three monotheistic religions. Throughout its history it has been the site of tolerance and tensions. Islamic Jerusalem and its Christians presents a critical look at historical events during the time of two key figures in the history of Islam: firstly Caliph ‘Umar Ibn Al-Khattab, who played a critically important role in the birth and spread of Islam. Secondly Sultan Salah al-Din, the legendary 'Saladdin' of Western Crusader lore, whose peace negotiations with Richard the Lion-Heart, King of England Abu Munshar brings to life here.
This pioneering study uses extensive original research to explore Muslim treatment of non-Muslims in the 7th Century and in the Middle Ages. A valuable source of reference for all interested in Islamic and Middle Eastern studies, Religion and Medieval History, Islamic Jerusalem and its Christians establishes and develops new evidence for academic debate.

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1,6 MB
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Maher Abu-Munshar - Islamic Jerusalem and its Chri stians, A History of Tolerance and Tensions (2007 ).pdf

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Israel Finkelstein, Amihai Mazar - The Quest for t he Historical Israel, Debating Archaeology and the History of Early Israel (2007).jpg

Historia21 - Israel Finkelstein, Amihai Mazar - The Quest for the ...ting Archaeology and the History of Early Israel 2007.jpg

Three decades of dialogue, discussion, and debate within the interrelated disciplines of Syro-Palestinian archaeology, ancient Israelite history, and Hebrew Bible over the question of the relevance of the biblical account for reconstructing early Israels history have created the need for a balanced articulation of the issues and their prospective resolutions. This book brings together for the first time and under one cover, a currently emerging centrist paradigm as articulated by two leading figures in the fields of early Israelite archaeology and history. Although Finkelstein and Mazar advocate distinct views of early Israels history, they nevertheless share the position that the material cultural data, the biblical traditions, and the ancient Near Eastern written sources are all significantly relevant to the historical quest for Iron Age Israel. The results of their research are featured in accessible, parallel syntheses of the historical reconstruction of early Israel that facilitate comparison and contrast of their respective interpretations. The historical essays presented here are based on invited lectures delivered in October of 2005 at the Sixth Biennial Colloquium of the International Institute for Secular Humanistic Judaism in Detroit, Michigan.

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Israel Finkelstein, Amihai Mazar - The Quest for t he Historical Israel, Debating Archaeology and the History of Early Israel (2007).pdf

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Osprey - Campaign 207 - Richard Brooks - Solferino 1859, The battle for Italy's freedom (2009).jpg

The battle of Solferino, fought during the Franco-Austrian War of 1859, was the largest European battle since Leipzig in 1813. In the presence of three crowned heads of state - Napoleon III of France, Emperor Franz-Joseph of Austria and Victor Emmanuel II of Piedmont-Sardinia (later the King of all Italy) - the armies clashed together in a bitterly fought contest that would leave more than 40,000 dead. As a crucial climax to the Second Italian War of Independence, this title covers the build-up to the battle, including actions at Montebello, Palestro and Magenta that led to the decisive moment of the campaign. Full-colour battle-scene artwork and detailed maps illustrate this comprehensive account of the commanders, armies, plans and aftermath of one of the bloodiest battles of the period.

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David Wengrow - What Makes Civilization, The Ancie nt Near East and the Future of the West (2010).jpg

Renowned archaeologist David Wengrow creates here a vivid new account of the "birth of civilization" in ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia, bringing together within a unified history the first two nations where people created cities, kingdoms, and monumental temples to the gods. But civilization, Wengrow argues, is not exclusively about large-scale settlements and endeavors. Just as important are the ordinary but fundamental practices of everyday life, such as cooking, running a home, and cleaning the body. Tracing the development of such practices, from prehistoric times to the age of the pyramids, Wengrow reveals unsuspected connections between distant regions and provides new insights into the workings of societies we have come to regard as remote from our own. The book obliges us to recognize that civilizations are not formed in isolation, but through the mixing and borrowing of culture between different societies. It concludes by drawing telling parallels between the ancient Near East and more contemporary attempts to reshape the world according to an ideal image.
Features

* A vivid new account of the 'birth of civilization' in ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia, from prehistoric times to the age of pyramids
* Looks at these two seminal civilizations side by side, showing how they mixed with and borrowed from each other over the centuries
* Deals with everything from the creation of cities, kingdoms, and monumental temples to the birth of 'everyday' practices such as cooking food and keeping the house and body clean
* Concludes with a telling comparison between the ancient Near East and more recent attempts to reshape the world to an ideal image

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Gert Oostindie - Ethnicity in the Caribbean, Essay s in Honor of Harry Hoetink (2005).jpg

Addresses the workings of ethnicity in the Caribbean where, from the early days of empire through today's post-colonial limbo, it has arguably remained in the centre of public society as well as private life.

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Gert Oostindie - Ethnicity in the Caribbean, Essay s in Honor of Harry Hoetink (2005).pdf

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J. B. Bullen - Continental Crosscurrents, British Criticism and European Art 1810-1910 (2005).jpg

Continental Crosscurrents is a series of case studies reflecting British attitudes to continental art during the nineteenth and the early twentieth centuries. It stresses the way in which the British went to the continent in their search for origins or their pursuit of sources of purity and originality. This cult of the primitive took many forms; it involved a reassessment of medieval German and Italian art and offered new ways of interpreting Venetian painting; it opened up new readings of architectural history and the "discovery" of the Romanesque; it generated a debate about the value of returning to religious subjects in art and it raised the question of the relationship between modern art and Byzantine art in the early twentieth century. J. B. Bullen's original study presents some exciting findings. Few critics have noticed how much in advance of his time was Coleridge's passion for medieval art; Ruskin's debt in the Stones of Venice to Victor Hugo's Notre Dame de Paris has hardly been noted; and Browning's involvement with the debate on the morality of Christian art is explored more extensively than previously. Three chapters are devoted to the role of British criticism in identifying the Romanesque style in architecture and differentiating it from the Gothic. They trace the concept as it arose in criticism at the beginning of the nineteenth century; its employment in the remarkable buildings of Edmund Sharpe and Sara Losh and the way in which it reached a climax in Waterhouse's enigmatic choice of Romanesque for the Natural History Museum in London. The collection concludes with two continental episodes from the history of modernism. One is the explosive British reaction to the primitivism of Gauguin; the other involves the identifying of one of the characters in D. H. Lawrence's novel Women in Love. Curious evidence suggests that the malevolent figure of Loerke was based on a German sculptor whom Lawrence met in Italy before the First World War.

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10,1 MB
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J. B. Bullen - Continental Crosscurrents, British Criticism and European Art 1810-1910 (2005).pdf

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Nigel Yates - The Religious Condition of Ireland 1 770-1850 (2006).jpg

This is a major assessment of the religious state of Ireland between 1770 and 1850. This book challenges the assumption that religious division in Ireland is inevitable, and suggests that much of the religious intolerance of the last 200 years has been the result of political and religious mistakes made during that earlier period, even though this was an era of reform and reconstruction within all the main religious groupings in Ireland.

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Nigel Yates - The Religious Condition of Ireland 1 770-1850 (2006).pdf

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Adam Fox - Oral and Literate Culture in England, 1 500-1700 (2001).jpg

Oral and Literate Culture in England explores the rich oral culture of early modern England. It focuses upon dialect speech and proverbial wisdom, "old wives' tales" and children's lore, historical legends and local customs, scurrilous versifying and scandalous rumor-mongering. Adam Fox demonstrates the extent to which this vernacular world was fundamentally structured by written and printed sources over the course of the period.

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10,8 MB
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Adam Fox - Oral and Literate Culture in England, 1 500-1700 (2001).pdf

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Alex R. Suarez, Marc N. Vasquez - Archeology Resea rch Trends (2008).jpg

Archaeology studies human cultures through the recovery, documentation, analysis and interpretation of material remains and environmental data, including architecture, artefacts, features, biofacts, and landscapes. Because archaeology's aim is to understand mankind, it is a humanistic endeavour. The goals of archaeology vary, and there is debate as to what its aims and responsibilities are. Some goals include the documentation and explanation of the origins and development of human cultures, understanding culture history, chronicling cultural evolution, and studying human behaviour and ecology, for both prehistoric and historic societies. This advanced book presents important research in the field.

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5,7 MB
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Alex R. Suarez, Marc N. Vasquez - Archeology Resea rch Trends (2008).pdf

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Alida C. Metcalf - Go-Betweens and the Colonizatio n of Brazil, 1500-1600 (2006).jpg

Dona Marina (La Malinche) ...Pocahontas ...Sacagawea - their names live on in historical memory because these women bridged the indigenous American and European worlds, opening the way for the cultural encounters, collisions, and fusions that shaped the social and even physical landscape of the modern Americas. But these famous individuals were only a few of the many thousands of people who, intentionally or otherwise, served as 'go-betweens' as Europeans explored and colonized the New World. In this innovative history, Alida Metcalf thoroughly investigates the many roles played by go-betweens in the colonization of sixteenth-century Brazil.She finds that many individuals created physical links among Europe, Africa, and Brazil - explorers, traders, settlers, and slaves circulated goods, plants, animals, and diseases. Intercultural liaisons produced mixed-race children. At the cultural level, Jesuit priests and African slaves infused native Brazilian traditions with their own religious practices, while translators became influential go-betweens, negotiating the terms of trade, interaction, and exchange. Most powerful of all, as Metcalf shows, were those go-betweens who interpreted or represented new lands and peoples through writings, maps, religion, and the oral tradition. Metcalf's convincing demonstration that colonization is always mediated by third parties has relevance far beyond the Brazilian case, even as it opens a revealing new window on the first century of Brazilian history.

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webplipliba1971 napisano 29.04.2021 04:27

Super chomik! Zapraszam do mnie po wiele świetnych materiałów.

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Uwaga!!! Wszystkie pliki w tym chomiku zostały zamieszczone informacyjnie. Od momentu ściągnięcia na dysk pliki należy usunąć w ciągu 24h. Wykorzystywanie ich w celach komercyjnych jest niezgodne z prawem. Autor chomika nie ponosi żadnej odpowiedzialności za niezgodne z prawem wykorzystywanie zasobów znajdujących się w tym chomiku !!!