The Complete History of This Exciting Period—in One Comprehensive Reference The Middle Ages fascinates scholars and laypeople alike. The period has been romanticized

Book News Annotation:
High school and undergraduate students as well as general readers will find this two-volume reference a useful starting point to their study of the medieval era in Europe and the Mediterranean. The entries are detailed, providing lengthy treatment of the life of the figure, or the era, noting the significant political events and people. The entries are cross referenced and conclude with a bibliography of scholarly sources. Care has been taken to include essential figures and concepts of Islam. A selection of entry topics--including Edessa, Eleanor of Aquitaine, eschatology, al- Farabi, furs and fur trade, al-Fustat, heaven, pallium, parasites, and Theophano--demonstrates the range of subjects. English teaches history at the U. of California, Santa Barbara.

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Edward D. English - Encyclopedia Of The Medieval W orld (2 Volume) (2005).pdf

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Gábor Ágoston, Bruce Masters - Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire (2009).jpg

Historia21 - Gbor goston, Bruce Masters - Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire 2009.jpg

"The Ottoman Turks, a displaced people forced into northwestern Asia Minor in the 13th century by invading Mongols, founded one of the largest empires in world history. Their strategic geographic position, military conquests, and visionary leaders all contributed to the development of the Ottoman regime as a formidable force. The Ottomans maintained control of their Eurasian and North African territories for nearly three centuries. Although the empire was officially abolished in 1923, it remains significant in modern politics and culture; the dynamics and complexity of the present-day Middle East and Balkans cannot be understood without an examination of the history and legacy of the Ottoman Empire."

"The first encyclopedia on the Ottoman Empire available in English, Encyclopedia ofthe Ottoman Empire is the collaborative effort of 90 experts who contributed more than 400 A-to-Z entries that focus on major events, personalities, institutions, and terms. Further readings, approximately 85 black-and-white photographs and maps, cross-references, a chronology, glossary, bibliography, and an index complement the text and give readers an in-depth understanding of the history of the Ottoman Empire."

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Gábor Ágoston, Bruce Masters - Encyclopedia of the Ottoman Empire (2009).pdf

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George Fox - An Autobiography (2007).jpg

George Fox was born in Fenny Drayton, Leicestershire, in 1624. Apprenticed to a Nottingham shoemaker, Fox developed strong opinions about religion. Fox rebelled against the state control of the Church of England and in 1643 began toured the country giving sermons where he argued that consecrated buildings and ordained ministers were irrelevant to the individual seeking God. Three years later Fox had a divine revelation that inspired him to preach a gospel of brotherly love. Fox formed a group called the Friends of Truth. Later they became known as the Society of Friends. Fox's central dogma was that of the inner light, communicated directly to the individual soul by Christ. George Fox's Journal (1694) describes his visions, his teachings and his frequent imprisonments.

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George Fox - An Autobiography (2007).pdf

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Iftikhar Malik - The History of Pakistan (2008).jpg

The History of Pakistan explores the rich and intricate past of a highly diverse nation still in the process of determining its own identity. Rooted in the ancient Indus Valley Civilization, shaped by the cultures of both the Middle and Far East, and now predominantly devoted to Islam, Pakistan has emerged as a unique Indo-Muslim community, viewed with caution and curiosity by the rest of the world. In this latest volume of Greenwood's History of Modern Nations series, readers discover the foundations of modern Pakistan, from its earliest empires and shared history with India to the coming of Islam and its successful fight for independence in 1947. This highly informative guide also examines the key issues and attitudes guiding Pakistan today: their volatile feud with India over the region of Kashmir and the right to nuclear development, internal debates over the role of Islam in Pakistani society, and the unbreakable dominance of the military in political affairs. Poised between a radically changing India and the politically unstable Middle East, Pakistan is an important nation to understand as it determines its course in rapidly a changing world.

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Iftikhar Malik - The History of Pakistan (2008).pdf

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John D. Speth - The Paleoanthropology and Archaeol ogy of Big-Game Hunting, Protein, Fat, or Politics (2010).jpg

Historia21 - John D. Speth - The Paleoanthropology and Archaeology...y of Big-Game Hunting, Protein, Fat, or Politics 2010.jpg

Since its inception, paleoanthropology has been closely wedded to the idea that big-game hunting by our hominin ancestors arose, first and foremost, as a means for acquiring energy and vital nutrients. This assumption has rarely been questioned, and seems intuitively obvious—meat is a nutrient-rich food with the ideal array of amino acids, and big animals pre meat in large, convenient packages. Through new research, the author of this volume pres a strong argument that the primary goals of big-game hunting were actually social and political—increasing hunter’s prestige and standing—and that the nutritional component was just an added bonus.
Through a comprehensive, interdisciplinary research approach, the author examines the historical and current perceptions of protein as an important nutrient source, the biological impact of a high-protein diet and the evidence of this in the archaeological record, and pres a compelling reexamination of this long-held conclusion. This volume will be of interest to researchers in Archaeology, Evolutionary Biology, and Paleoanthropology, particularly those studying diet and nutrition.

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John D. Speth - The Paleoanthropology and Archaeol ogy of Big-Game Hunting, Protein, Fat, or Politics (2010).pdf

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L. A. Botelho - Old Age and the English Poor Law, 1500-1700 (2004).jpg

Old Age and the English Poor Law, 1500-1700 explores the virtually unknown world of the aged poor in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century England. It asks a question of national significance - how the elderly poor managed to survive in a pre-industrial economy - but answers it at the level of the village. Through a comparison of two Suffolk villages, the many factors that make up the experience of old age (status, health, wealth, and local culture) are fully recognised, acknowledged, and factored into the interpretation. Botelho argues that the key to survival for these individuals was their own efforts, over and above that of a weekly pension. In other words, even for the aged, if one did not work, one did not eat.

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L. A. Botelho - Old Age and the English Poor Law, 1500-1700 (2004).pdf

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Osprey - Warrior 143 - Fergus Cannan - Galloglass 1250-1600, Gaelic Mercenary Warrior (2010).jpg

Galloglass, from the Gaelic galloglaigh for 'foreign warriors', were mercenaries from the Western Isles of Scotland who fought in the retinues of Irish magnates from the mid-13th century until the early 17th century. This work looks at the clan and family structures of the galloglass, their performance in battle, their weapons and armor and how these were made and by whom. The unique fighting skills and tactics of the galloglass are also studied, as well as how they were organized on the battlefield and their command structures and systems of rank.

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Philip Haythornthwaite - Campaign 8 - Gallipoli 1915, Frontal Assault on Turkey (1991).jpg

The Gallipoli expedition of 1915, the brainchild of Winston Churchill, was designed to knock the Turkish Empire out of the First World War and open a supply route to Russia. The campaign is characterised by the military incompetence of the higher commands, particularly the Allies. However, in spite of this, Gallipoli deserves to be, and is, also remembered for the heroism and resourcefulness of both the British army and the men of the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps. This book details the battles, hardships and eventual evacuation that these men had to go through, in this comprehensive guide to the Gallipoli landings.

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William R. Keylor - Encyclopedia Of The Modern Wor ld, 1900 To The Present (2007).jpg

An encyclopedia that declares it will cover "the full extent of world history since 1900," as this one does on the back cover, has taken on a gargantuan task. It is difficult to avoid merely scratching the surface of a broad range of topics while still blanketing a century of history all over the world. This publication, an updated and expanded edition of the one-volume Facts On File Encyclopedia of the 20th Century (1991), takes into account landmark world-changing events that have taken place in the interim: war in the former Yugoslavia, the formation of the European Union, China's emergence as a major economic and industrial power, and the events of September 11, 2001, in the U.S. Entries are organized alphabetically and cover major figures in politics, sports, and the arts, ranging from Osama bin Laden to Tiger Woods to Ansel Adams. Other entries cover international affairs, politics, philosophy, religion, landmark court cases, art, and popular culture. Examples include Brown v. Board of Education, Existentialism, Globalization, Islamism, MTV, Surrealism, and Watergate. Specific works of art are also covered, from paintings to novels and plays. Individual countries and political parties receive their own entries as well. Black-and-white illustrations, maps, and artwork are sprinkled throughout the volumes. Country entries contain a chronology of important dates and events in chart format. With such a broad range of topics covered, entries tend to be informative but also cursory in nature and frequently only about a paragraph long. Although entries contain cross-references, they are not followed by lists of further reading, and the bibliography in the last volume contains only 20 items. Volume 3 also contains the detailed index. A fairly lengthy new entry describes the growth of the Internet, one of the important changes in the world since the 1991 version of the encyclopedia was published. Although Encyclopedia of the Modern World: 1900 to the Present is still a convenient quick-reference source, one can't help but think that students, researchers, and even librarians may be more likely to conduct a quick Internet search to locate the kind of information contained here.

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William R. Keylor - Encyclopedia Of The Modern Wor ld, 1900 To The Present (2007).pdf

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Patricia Monaghan - The Encyclopedia of Celtic Myt hology and Folklore (2004).jpg

Celtic mythology is a mystery even to the experts. Trying to sort out what is purely Celtic and what has been altered by the Greeks, Romans, and Christians is an impossible task. Trying to reconcile written records with archeological evidence is difficult if not impossible. The reader is then left with a jumble of names, stories, traditions, and places under the rubric "Celtic mythology."

This latest attempt to bring order out of chaos is an encyclopedia of approximately 1,000 entries covering individuals both mythological and quasi-historical, epics, themes, religious concepts, places, and artifacts. Irish mythology predominates, but continental Celtic figures, even those who are only a name in a local region, such as Britovius, are included.

Organized alphabetically, the entries range in size from several sentences to more than a page. Many end with a short list of sources. The work concludes with a seven-page bibliography and an index with major entries in boldface. An introduction explains Celtic history and culture and describes how the author has handled the entries, especially in regard to spelling.

Other dictionaries and encyclopedias have tackled this topic. An Encyclopedia of Celtic Mythology (Contemporary, 2000) uses a thematic approach, with chapters on druids, fairies, etc. Dictionary of Celtic Mythology (ABC-CLIO, 1992) uses alphabetical entries and has a bibliography but does not include sources with each entry. Another volume, Dictionary of Celtic Myth and Legend (Thames and Hudson, 1992), has 400 entries. The Encyclopedia of Celtic Mythology and Folklore has more entries and provides sources for many of them. In libraries with a high demand for or interest in Celtic mythology, this would be a worthwhile purchase. For libraries with moderate interest that already own one of the earlier encyclopedias or dictionaries, this would be an optional purchase.

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Patricia Monaghan - The Encyclopedia of Celtic Myt hology and Folklore (2004).pdf

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William Doyle - The French Revolution, A Very Shor t Introduction (2001).jpg

Beginning with a discussion of familiar images of the French Revolution, garnered from Dickens, Baroness Orczy, and Tolstoy, as well as the legends of let them eat cake, and tricolours, Doyle leads the reader to the realization that we are still living with developments and consequences of the French Revolution such as decimalization, and the whole ideology of human rights. Continuing with a brief survey of the old regime and how it collapsed, Doyle continues to ellucidate how the revolution happened: why did the revolutionaries quarrel with the king, the church and the rest of Europe, why this produced Terror, and finally how it accomplished rule by a general. The revolution destroyed the age-old cultural, institutional and social structures in France and beyond. This book looks at how the ancien regime became ancien as well as examining cases in which achievement failed to match ambition. Doyle explores the legacy of the revolution in the form of rationality in public affairs and responsible government, and finishes his examination of the revolution with a discussion of why it has been so controversial.

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Ancient Civilizations - Katherine Reece - The Egyp tians, Builders of the Pyramids (2006).jpg

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Ancient Civilizations - Katherine Reece - The Egyp tians, Builders of the Pyramids (2006).pdf

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Sean Duffy - Medieval Ireland, An Encyclopedia (20 05).jpg

Medieval Ireland: An Encyclopedia brings together in one authoritative resource the multiple facets of life in Ireland before and after the Anglo-Norman invasion of 1169, from the sixth to sixteenth century. Multidisciplinary in coverage, this A–Z reference work provides information on historical events, economics, politics, the arts, religion, intellectual history, and many other aspects of the period.

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Jacques Le Goff - The Birth of Europe (2005).jpg

"This is a fascinating and timely study of the medieval origins of today’s Europe. It is extraordinary how many of the themes and ideas in this book reverberate through the arguments of the 21st century." Rt Hon Christopher Patten, CH, Former Member of the European Commission

"The Middle Ages was a fulcrum epoch that compared with the Renaissance and the trading, industrial and technological revolutions as eras of systemic change in Europe. But whilst the significance of the historic surges since the late 15th Century is widely known, the formative relevance of the age before that is less recognised. Professor Le Goff addresses that and brilliantly provides an intriguing and convincing explanation of the vital importance of the early centuries of the second millennium for the shaping of Europe and its identity and diversities." Neil Kinnock, Vice-President, European Commission

"Jacques Le Goff has capped off a lifetime of contemplating the Middle Ages with this work of great insight and learning. A fascinating rumination on the structure of medieval culture and society." Norman F. Cantor, Late of New York University

"This book distils the life's work of one of the great historians of our time. It is remarkable equally for the breadth of its learning, the clarity of its exposition, and the depth of its humanity and wisdom. Anyone who asks why Europe needs its history, or why History needs Europe, should read it."

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Bhikhu Parekh - Gandhi A Very Short Introduction ( 1997).jpg

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (1869-1948) was one of the few men in history to fight simultaneously on moral, religious, political, social, economic, and cultural fronts. During his time as a lawyer in South Africa he developed his strategy of non-violence: the idea of opposing unjust laws by non-violent protest. He led the Indian National Congress party in three major campaigns against British rule, each culminating in his arrest.
In Gandhi, a short introduction to Gandhi's life and thought, Bhikhu Parekh outlines both Gandhi's major philosophical insights and the limitations of his thought. Written with extensive access to Gandhi's writings in Indian languages to which most commentators have little or no access, Parekh looks at Gandhi's cosmocentric anthropology, his spiritual view of politics, and his theories of oppression, non-violent action, and active citizenship. He also considers how the success of Gandhi's principles were limited by his lack of coherent theories of evil, and of state and power. Gandhi's view of man as ascetic allows no room for expressions of the cultural, artistic, or intellectual. Furthermore, he was so hostile to modern civilization that he was unable to appreciate its complex dialectic or offer a meaningful narrative.
Nevertheless, Gandhi's life and thought had an enormous impact on the Indian nation, and he continues to be widely revered--known before and after his assassination as Mahatma, the Great Soul.

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Irene Dea Collier - Chinese Mythology (2001).jpg

Gr 5-7-Chinese Mythology provides useful historical background to mythical and historical dynasties. Ten stories about creation, prehistory, and various legends include popular and lesser-known tales. Legends taken from various philosophies are presented. Wolfson's simple yet occasionally bland retelling of a combination of nine familiar and rare tales would be useful in an instructional setting. Each tale is preceded by an introduction and followed by academic questions with answers and expert commentary. Tales from the Tsimshians, Salish, Maidu, Cherokees, Blackfeet, Cheyennes, Hopi, Anishinabes, and Micmacs result in a wide span of coverage. Bock's black-and-white illustrations provide no enhancement to the tales. Both books are compact and strictly organized, allowing students to cover broad ground quickly. Unfortunately, they lack textual zest and illustrative flair, making their use purely an intellectual exercise rather than a memorable delight.

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Irene Dea Collier - Chinese Mythology (2001).pdf

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Kevin Passmore - Fascism, A Very Short Introductio n (2002).jpg

What is fascism? Is it revolutionary? Or is it reactionary? This book argues that it is both: fascism unleashes violence against the left and ethnic minorities, but also condemns the bourgeoisie for its "softness". Kevin Passmore opens his book with a series of "scenes from fascist life"--a secret meeting of the Romanian Iron Guard; Mussolini meeting the king of Italy; a rally of Hungarian doctors calling for restrictions on the number of Jews entering the profession. He then looks at the paradoxes of fascism through its origins in the political and social crisis of the late nineteenth century, the history of fascist movements and regimes in Italy and Germany, and the fortunes of "failed" fascist movements in Romania, Hungary and Spain. He shows how fascism employs propaganda and popular culture to propagate itself and how it exported its ideas outside Europe, through Nazi and Spanish post-war escape routes to Latin America. The book concludes with a discussion of the recent revival of the extreme right in Austria, Italy, France, and Russia.

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Carnella van Vleet - Explore Ancient Egypt (2007).jpg

Grade 1–5—Six chapters with colorful titles ("Beer, Bread, & Bartering" and "King Tut & Other Cool Kings") begin with facts about the topic under several subheadings. Short lists of "Words 2 Know," "Then & Now" comparisons, sidebars, and jokes appear throughout the sections. A few activities follow. For the most part, the step-by-step directions are well written and easy to follow, and they are accompanied by a helpful drawing or two. The information is basic and will not give new insights into ancient Egypt, but the facts are accurate and some of the activities are creative. The book is illustrated with humorous (but not realistic) black-and-white cartoon art. Though not an essential title, it will be of interest to children and their teachers as well as homeschooling families.

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Carnella van Vleet - Explore Ancient Egypt (2007).pdf

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Catherine Bernard - Celtic Mythology (2003).jpg

Written for young readers ages 11 and older, Celtic Mythology showcases classic legends that arose from the Celts, one of the great founding cultures of European civilizations whose origins can be traced back to the second millennium B.C. and whose original homeland was near the Rhine, Rhone, and Danube Rivers. As the Celts engaged in a massive migration across Europe, Ireland, Scotland, and Britain, they took their traditional stories with them. Expertly and informative compiled and edited by Catherine Bernard, Celtic Mythology is the perfect introduction for young contemporary readers to the body of folklore and mythos that characterized the Celtic people.

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