In the mid-1990s, policymakers in more than half the states and the federal government responded to escalating crime rates and a series of sensationalized crimes by passing laws that imposed lifetime sentences on repeat offenders. Since then, the "Three Strikes and You're Out" movement, which embodies the overall "get tough with crime" approach to criminal sentencing, has generated much controversy. Critics argue that Three Strike laws are disproportionate, costly, and inefficient. Supporters, however, argue that the laws are effective, necessary, and just. Despite the controversy, Three Strike laws are still popular more than a decade after their implementation. Attempts to reduce the scope and/or severity of Three Strike policies have failed and the laws continue to affect thousands of offenders each year. Setting the record straight, Walsh provides a clear, comprehensive overview of the movement and its consequences. Do Three Strikes laws really prevent crime? Do they cost less than releasing repeat offenders time and time again? Are they evenly and fairly applied? These questions and more are answered in these pages through a careful analysis of the costs, benefits, and results of Three Strikes legislation. Walsh analyzes the historical development of the Three Strikes movement in the context of "get tough" sentencing reforms and provides detail about the various Three Strikes statutes adopted across the nation, while offering an in-depth exmamination of the controversies they have produced. Amid efforts to repeal or revise such statutes, the laws still stand, and this book sheds light on the history of, rationale for, and results of one of the most controversial criminal justice movements of our time.

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10,4 MB
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Jennifer E. Walsh - Three Strikes Laws (2007).pdf

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Ted Honderich - Conservatism, Burke, Nozick, Bush, Blair (2005).jpg

'A powerful critique of the major beliefs of modern Conservatism.' Bhikhu Parekh, New Statesman / 'The whole book must be read. Indeed, only the final page, like a good detective story, brings with it the full philosophical discovery.' Observer / This is a new edition of a classic work by one of the world’s leading progressive political philosophers. Ted Honderich examines ideology and reality in British and American politics in order to establish the true distinctions of conservatism. Conservatives often claim to believe in reform, but not change, to rely on instinct rather than abstract theories. So what is the conservative rationale? Does conservatism have a philosophical founding principle that unifies it? Ted Honderich’s search for the fundamental principle of conservatism is an enlightening one. He examines influential thinkers in the conservative tradition, from Edmund Burke and Adam Smith to Michael Oakeshott and Robert Nozick. He brings rigorous analytic philosophy to bear on the Republican party in the United States, and the Conservative party and the New Labour party in Britain. This lucid book, written with wit and clarity, is fully revised and updated in order to give a rigorous and complete analysis of conservatism up to the American election of 2004. Honderich’s subtle analysis is not without surprises: the book will continue to be of interest to all students of politics, and anyone who wants a broader understanding of what today’s politicians owe to the conservative tradition.

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10,3 MB
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Ted Honderich - Conservatism, Burke, Nozick, Bush, Blair (2005).pdf

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Sol Worth, John Adair - Through Navajo Eyes, An Ex ploration in Film Communication and Anthropology ( 1975).jpg

Originally published in 1972, this pioneering book has become a classic in visual anthropology. Worth and Adair set out to answer the question, What would happen if someone from a culture that makes and uses motion pictures taught people who have never made or used motion pictures to do so for the first time? They taught filmmaking and editing to a group of six Navajos in Pinetree, Arizona. This book explains what happened, what they and the Navajos said and thought about what happened, and how they analyzed the films in a cultural context. The films, still available for rent, are described in detail and illustrated with still photographs.
Richard Chalfen, a research assistant on the original project in 1966, has updated the book with a thorough discussion of the importance of the Navajo project and a critical assessment of the reactions to it.

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20,4 MB
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Sol Worth, John Adair - Through Navajo Eyes, An Ex ploration in Film Communication and Anthropology ( 1975).pdf

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Judithanne Scourfield Mclauchlan - Congressional P articipation as Amicus Curiae Before the U.S. Supr eme Court (2005).jpg

01 - USA - Judithanne Scourfield Mclauchlan - Congressional Partic...on as Amicus Curiae Before the U.S. Supreme Court 2005.jpg

Scourfield McLauchlan studies how Members of Congress participate in cases before the Supreme Court. Members have filed amicus curiae briefs every Term since 1977. The frequency of Congressional participation before the Court continues to rise, and it is now a fixture in Supreme Court litigation. McLauchlan examines how often Members of Congress participate as "friend of the court," what types of cases attract Congressional attention, what motivates Congressmen to file amicus briefs, and whether Congressional "friends of the court" influence Supreme Court decision-making. She explores the implications of this trend for the principles of separation of powers and judicial independence.

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5,1 MB
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Judithanne Scourfield Mclauchlan - Congressional P articipation as Amicus Curiae Before the U.S. Supr eme Court (2005).pdf

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The New Americans - Rosalva Vega Vargas-Reighley - Bi-Cultural Competence and Academic Resilience Am ong Immigrants (2005).jpg

01 - USA - The New Americans - Rosalva Vega Vargas-Reighley - Bi-...mpetence and Academic Resilience Among Immigrants 2005.jpg

Vargas-Reighley examines the relationship among bicultural competence, stress and coping processes, adaptive processes, and academic resilience. Participants were Latina/o and Southeast Asian youth from two high schools in California. The Latina/o group was more likely to experience greater family stress, including greater parental marital dysfunction, more severe stressors, and greater stress ratings. The Southeast Asians were more likely to be of lower socioeconomic status, but more likely to show higher academic goals and achievement. Results indicate that bicultural competence was related to greater self-esteem, social support coping and coping efficacy in the familial stressful situation, and direct action coping and coping efficacy in the academic stressful situation. Bicultural competence does appear to be related to adaptive outcomes.

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5,9 MB
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The New Americans - Rosalva Vega Vargas-Reighley - Bi-Cultural Competence and Academic Resilience Am ong Immigrants (2005).pdf

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Leaders of the Civil War Era - Jon Sterngass - Fre derick Douglass (2009).jpg

Born a slave in Maryland, Frederick Douglass became one of the best orators and statesmen in America. He worked as a houseboy and a field hand, experiencing some of the harshest conditions of any slave. Although it was unlawful to teach slaves how to read, Douglass learned from neighborhood boys and paid them with food. Seven years after he escaped slavery and moved North, Douglass published the first of his three autobiographies, "Narrative of Frederick Douglass: An American Slave". Douglass became a newspaper editor, a political activist, and a representative and spokesperson for the rights of African Americans. He believed in equal rights for all people, whether black, white, woman, man, Native American, or recent immigrant. He lived through the Civil War, the end of slavery, and the beginning of segregation.

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Greta de Jong - Invisible Enemy, The African Ameri can Freedom Struggle after 1965 (2010).jpg

This highly accessible account of the evolution of American racism outlines how ‘colorblind’ approaches to discrimination ensured the perpetuation of racial inequality in the United States well beyond the 1960s.

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2,0 MB
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Greta de Jong - Invisible Enemy, The African Ameri can Freedom Struggle after 1965 (2010).pdf

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Edward Monroe-Jones - Crossing the Zorn, The Janua ry 1945 Battle at Herrlisheim as Told by the Ameri can and German Soldiers Who Fought It (2010).jpg

01 - USA - Edward Monroe-Jones - Crossing the Zorn, The January 19...by the American and German Soldiers Who Fought It 2010.jpg

Conceived in desperation after the Battle of the Bulge in January 1945, Germany's Operation Nordwind culminated in the frozen Alsatian fields surrounding the Zorn River. The American 12th Armored Division and the German 10th Waffen SS Panzer Division squared off for what was expected to be an easy offensive near the villages of Herrlisheim and Weyersheim. Neither army could have forseen the savage violence that ensued. Combining the vivid eyewitness accounts of veterans from both sides of the conflict with information gleaned from a variety of long-unavailable print sources, this richly detailed history casts a fascinating light on a little-known but crucial battle in the Second World War. It serves as a tribute to the common soldiers who stalwartly carried out near-impossible orders.

About the Author
Formerly with the U.S. Submarine Service, Edward Monroe-Jones has written extensively on military history. He is a management consultant in the area of labor relations and organizational development. He lives in Laguna Nigel, California.

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2,4 MB
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Edward Monroe-Jones - Crossing the Zorn, The Janua ry 1945 Battle at Herrlisheim as Told by the Ameri can and German Soldiers Who Fought It (2010).pdf

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Leaders of the Civil War Era - Samuel Willard Crom pton - Ulysses S. Grant (2009).jpg

Ulysses S. Grant is a puzzling figure in American history. The 18th president of the United States had rampant corruption associated with his administration, but he was a decorated war hero famous for turning serious attacks by the Confederate Army into victories for the Union and for implementing simultaneous attacks against the South that led to its surrender. He became a national figure overnight when he captured Forts Henry and Donelson and was given the nickname 'Unconditional Surrender' Grant after 12,000 Confederates surrendered under his harsh conditions of 'no terms except unconditional and immediate surrender'.After the war, Grant achieved the distinction of being promoted to the equivalent of a four-star general. In recent years, his reputation as president has improved somewhat among scholars due to his support for civil rights and his prosecution of the Ku Klux Klan. Grant also signed a bill into law making Christmas a federal holiday in 1870, and another that created America's first national park, Yellowstone, in 1872.

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5,3 MB
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Leaders of the Civil War Era - Samuel Willard Crom pton - Ulysses S. Grant (2009).pdf

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Brian Sussman - Climategate (2010).jpg

A wise man once said that darkness hates the light. The truth has an amazing application to perhaps the biggest fraud of our era: global warming.
Author and meteorologist Brian Sussman's thorough investigation into the motives, practices, and ultimate agenda of these radical agents of change is critical to individuals who wish to untangle the web of deceit being sold as concern for the environment.

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Brian Sussman - Climategate (2010).pdf

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Fredric Jameson - Globalization and Political Stra tegy (2000).jpg

The author analyses the controversial concept of globalization from its technological, political, cultural, economic and social aspects. He refers to S. Huntington, and also to J. Gray, and uses P. Chaterjee’s arguments on nationalist strategy and politics. Jameson concludes that combination, social collective and global regulation are the at the core of all strategically successful responses to the globalization trends.

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Fredric Jameson - Globalization and Political Stra tegy (2000).pdf

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Louis Kontos, David C. Brotherton - Encyclopedia o f Gangs (2008).jpg

In 1927 the first book on gang life, Frederic Thrasher’s The Gang: A Study of 1,313 Gangs in Chicago, was published. Only in the last 20 years, as gangs have spread from the inner cities to the suburbs and beyond, has the study of gangs become more than just a specialization in sociology and criminology. For this new encyclopedia, two editors and approximately 60 other contributors have written 82 signed entries exploring gangs and public policies and programs designed to deal in a positive manner with the problem of gangs. The alphabetical entries range from one-half page (Non-racist skinheads) to 12 pages (Mexican gangs). Words in bold type indicate a separate entry in the encyclopedia. A list of references and suggested readings at the end of each entry leads the reader to more in-depth works. The preface and introduction set the stage for the detailed overview of gangs that follows. An index completes the volume. The introduction highlights four areas that are covered in the encyclopedia: gang theory, gang practices, gang types, and gang expansion. Examples of entries on gang theory are Differential association theory and Subcultural theories of gangs. Gang practices include such topics as Gang clothing, Gang graffiti, and Gang symbols. Gang types include Gangs in U.S. schools and Gangs in prisons; ethnic gangs (e.g., The Black Hand and Jewish gangs and gangsters); and gender gangs (e.g., The Latin Queens). Gang expansion is covered in such entries as Australian youth gangs and Transnational gangs. A list of entries and a guide to related topics precede the alphabetical entries. This first encyclopedia on the subject of gangs definitely delivers what the editors intended: an orientation to the subject, a stimulation of curiosity, and guidance for further investigation of the subject by the reader. Recommended for academic and large public libraries. --Kaye Talley

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Louis Kontos, David C. Brotherton - Encyclopedia o f Gangs (2008).pdf

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Markus Prior - Post-Broadcast Democracy, How Media Choice Increases Inequality in Political Involvem ent and Polarizes Elections (2007).jpg

01 - USA - Markus Prior - Post-Broadcast Democracy, How Media Choi... in Political Involvement and Polarizes Elections 2007.jpg

The media environment is changing. Today in the United States, the average viewer can choose from hundreds of channels, including several twenty-four hour news channels. News is on cell phones, on iPods, and online; it has become a ubiquitous and unavoidable reality in modern society. The purpose of this book is to examine systematically, how these differences in access and form of media affect political behaviour. Using experiments and new survey data, it shows how changes in the media environment reverberate through the political system, affecting news exposure, political learning, turnout, and voting behavior.
Book Description
The impact of television and the Internet on politics in the United States during the last half-century. The study shows that the degree of choice among different media content affects political learning, turnout, and the polarization of elections.

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Routledge Critical Thinkers - Adam Roberts - Fredr ic Jameson (2000).jpg

Widely recognized as one of today's most important cultural critics, Fredric Jameson's writing targets subjects from architecture to science fiction, cinema and global capitalism. Of his work, The Political Unconscious remains one of the most widely cited Marxist literary-theoretical texts, and "Postmodernism, or the cultural logic of late capitalism" is amongst the most influential statements on the nature of postmodernity ever published.
Adam Roberts leads the beginner through this crucial thinker's often challenging work and considers his ongoing impact on contemporary critical theory. With extensive discussion of Jameson's intellectual and historical contexts and careful suggestions for further reading, this is the ideal guide to Jameson.

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Routledge Critical Thinkers - Adam Roberts - Fredr ic Jameson (2000).pdf

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Stanley Fish, Fredric Jameson - The Cultures of Gl obalization (1998).jpg

Review by Peter Burger appeared in the TLS, August 20, 1999. Completely hostile to the Marxist analysis of globalization and to the belief in all the essays that globalization has had only negative consequences ... "The conference at Duke University was an international gathering of people with monotonously identical views. Their approach is shaped by a particular mixture of neo-Marxism and so-called literary theory, which began as an intellectual fashion in France and has become a dreary orthodoxy in American academe. There was not a single dissenting voice."
Product Description
A pervasive force, globalization has come to represent the export and import of culture, the speed and intensity of which has increased to unprecedented levels in recent years. Here an international panel of intellectuals consider the process of globalization and how the global character of technology, communication networks, consumer culture, intellectual discourse, the arts, and mass entertainment have all been affected by recent worldwide trends.

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1,3 MB
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Stanley Fish, Fredric Jameson - The Cultures of Gl obalization (1998).pdf

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Van Gosse, Richard R. Moser - The World the Sixtie s Made, Politics and Culture in Recent America (20 03).jpg

How can we make sense of the fact that after decades of right-wing political mobilizing the major social changes wrought by the Sixties are more than ever part of American life? The World the Sixties Made, the first academic collection to treat the last quarter of the twentieth century as a distinct period of U.S. history, rebuts popular accounts that emphasize a conservative ascendancy.

The essays in this volume survey a vast historical terrain to tease out the meaning of the not-so-long ago. They trace the ways in which recent U.S. culture and politics continue to be shaped by the legacy of the New Left's social movements, from feminism to gay liberation to black power. Together these essays demonstrate that the America that emerged in the 1970s was a nation profoundly, even radically democratized.
Review
"An important volume, The World The Sixties Made fills a large niche in post-1968 historical scholarship. Gosse's introductory essay is excellent, compelling, and well argued. Moser's introduction is a key piece and a timely historical document. This will be a significant and influential book." --Brad Martin, History and Social Sciences Department, Bryant College "The continued relevance of the left of the 1960s is a major challenge to almost any contemporary understanding of that tumultuous decade. This is a very inventive contribution, arguing that the left remains far more important than often claimed. There is a lot of new and intriguing research here. It's a book well worth reading." --Ken Cmiel, University of Iowa "In this historical moment, when the forces of reason seem so strong, The World the Sixties Made reminds us just how much the radical movements of the 1960s and 1970s accomplished--and that the future is not closed." --James William Gibson, author of The Perfect War: Technowar in Vietnam and Warrior Dreams: Paramilitary Culture in Post-Vietnam America

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webplipliba1971 napisano 29.04.2021 04:27

Super chomik! Zapraszam do mnie po wiele świetnych materiałów.

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Super chomik

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ChomiczekZawistniczek napisano 20.06.2023 19:50

Uwaga!!! Wszystkie pliki w tym chomiku zostały zamieszczone informacyjnie. Od momentu ściągnięcia na dysk pliki należy usunąć w ciągu 24h. Wykorzystywanie ich w celach komercyjnych jest niezgodne z prawem. Autor chomika nie ponosi żadnej odpowiedzialności za niezgodne z prawem wykorzystywanie zasobów znajdujących się w tym chomiku !!!