State legislators are constantly making tradeoffs between changing taxes and providing public services. Not only must they reconcile their own policy preferences with the preferences of their constituents, but they must consider the impact of actions taken by both the federal government and competing states. Glenn Beamer uses a series of in-depth case studies in eleven states to show how legislators made decisions dealing with taxation, economic development, education financing, and Medicaid. Beamer identifies six factors that influence legislators' decisions: accountability, dependability, equity, obscurability, and horizontal and vertical transferability. Within the context created by citizen demands, intergovernmental politics, policy histories, court interventions, and state constitutions, this study analyzes how legislators employ these principles to develop and enact policies. In addition to modeling state politics within the context of federalism, Creative Politics, reflecting the author's extensive interviews with legislators, is novel in its focus on politicians' views about public services, the strategies to finance them, and efforts to develop and maintain political support for them. This book will be of interest to students and scholars of political science, economics, and public administration, and, more specifically, of federalism, state politics and policy, and legislative decision-making. Glenn Beamer is Robert Wood Johnson Scholar in Health Policy Research, University of California, Berkeley, and Assistant Professor of Government, University of Virginia.

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Glenn Douglas Beamer - Creative Politics, Taxes an d Public Goods in a Federal System (1999).pdf

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George Rupp, Jagdish Bhagwati - Globalization Chal lenged, Conviction, Conflict, Community (2006).jpg

In Globalization Challenged, George Rupp, president of the International Rescue Committee, outlines the steps necessary to engage the contemporary conflict between traditional religious belief and Western secularism. According to Rupp, the key objective is to build a community that is inclusive without denying the validity of particular commitments. While he acknowledges the threat of "resurgent fundamentalism," Rupp also criticizes secularists who fail to recognize or acknowledge the role of religion and its ideological equivalents in influencing public policy. All views, he asserts, are subject to comparative appraisal. The challenge is to develop ways to evaluate different approaches responsibly, leading to a greater understanding of one's own convictions as well as the positions of others. Rupp reinforces his critical and theoretical analysis with dramatic accounts of recent events in Afghanistan, the Democratic Republic of Congo, and Sudan& mdash;places where the International Rescue Committee operates. He then addresses the role of globalization in fueling instability worldwide. Inadequately regulated privatization has compromised health care, education, and social programs in many countries, whereas an inclusive community would encourage a more equitable distribution of resources. Essays by Jagdish Bhagwati, Jeremy Waldron, and Wayne Proudfoot expand Rupp's arguments, and in a final chapter Rupp responds to the issues they raise. Essential reading for anyone who hopes to understand the roots of today's geopolitical tensions, Globalization Challenged asks that we shed our complacency, recognize the legitimate role of conviction, and take actions to shape a more just and inclusive society.

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Encyklopedia Okrętów Wojennych 36 - S. Lipiecki - Big Five. Pancerniki typów Tennessee i Colorado cz . 1 (2003).jpg

USA Books - Encyklopedia Okrętów Wojennych 36 - S. Lipiecki - Big ...ive. Pancerniki typów Tennessee i Colorado cz. 1 2003.jpg

Pierwszy z trzech tomów poświęconych dwóm amerykańskim typom okrętów — Tennessee i Colorado — omawia ich genezę, budowę i konstrukcję, także w porównaniu z okrętami innych państw lat 20. i 30. XX wieku. Opisano również modernizacje okrętów w okresie międzywojennym.

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Encyklopedia Okrętów Wojennych 36 - S. Lipiecki - Big Five. Pancerniki typów Tennessee i Colorado cz . 1 (2003).pdf

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Encyklopedia Okrętów Wojennych 37 - S. Lipiecki - Big Five. Pancerniki typów Tennessee i Colorado cz . 2 (2004).jpg

USA Books - Encyklopedia Okrętów Wojennych 37 - S. Lipiecki - Big ...ive. Pancerniki typów Tennessee i Colorado cz. 2 2004.jpg

Drugi z trzech tomów poświęconych dwóm amerykańskim typom okrętów — Tennessee i Colorado — omawia ich genezę, budowę i konstrukcję, także w porównaniu z okrętami innych państw lat 20. i 30. XX wieku

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Encyklopedia Okrętów Wojennych 37 - S. Lipiecki - Big Five. Pancerniki typów Tennessee i Colorado cz . 2 (2004).pdf

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Bryn O' Callaghan - An Illustrated History of the USA (1990).jpg

This is a companion volume to "An Illustrated History of Britain". It traces the history of the USA from the time of the Amerindians, through to the arrival of the Europeans, to the present day. Topics covered include colonial life, the Civil War and the American involvement in Vietnam. Each chapter consists of two or three double page spreads with inset material highlighting some of the characters or events mentioned in the main text.

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Bryn O' Callaghan - An Illustrated History of the USA (1990).pdf

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Richard T. Arndt - The First Resort of Kings, Amer ican Cultural Diplomacy in the Twentieth Century ( 2005).jpg

During the last five decades, U.S. cultural diplomacy programs have withered because of politics and accidents of history that have subordinated cultural diplomacy to public relations campaigning, now called "public diplomacy." With anti-Americanism on the rise worldwide, cultural diplomacy should become an immediate priority, but politicians continue to ignore this relatively inexpensive, age-old tool for promoting understanding among nations. Richard Arndt probes the history of American cultural diplomacy to demonstrate its valuable past contributions and to make a plea for reviving it for the future.Cultural relations occur naturally between people in different nations as a result of trade, tourism, student exchanges, entertainment, communications, migration, intermarriage—millions of cross-cultural encounters. But cultural diplomacy only happens when a government decides to channel and to support cultural exchange through planned programs to promote broad national interests. The First Resort of Kings examines the first eight decades of formal U.S. cultural diplomacy, from its tentative beginnings in World War I through the 1990s. Arndt also compares America’s efforts with those of other nations and enriches his narrative by detailing the professional experiences of the men and women who have represented American democracy, education, intellect, art, and literature to the rest of the world. His work shows that this dialogue of American culture and education with the rest of the world is neither a frill nor a domestic political concern but is the deepest cornerstone of a positive, forward-looking U.S. foreign policy. Arndt argues that, particularly in the wake of the Iraq War, America must revive its cultural diplomacy programs as a long-term investment in international goodwill and understanding.

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Richard T. Arndt - The First Resort of Kings, Amer ican Cultural Diplomacy in the Twentieth Century ( 2005).pdf

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Frederick Dalzell - Engineering Invention, Frank J . Sprague and the U.S. Electrical Industry (2009).jpg

Over the course of a little less than twenty years, inventor Frank J. Sprague (1857-1934) achieved an astonishing series of technological breakthroughs—from pioneering work in self-governing motors to developing the first full-scale operational electric railway system—all while commercializing his inventions and promoting them (and himself as their inventor) to financial backers and the public. In Engineering Invention, Frederick Dalzell tells Sprague's story, setting it against the backdrop of one of the most dynamic periods in the history of technology. In a burst of innovation during these years, Sprague and his contemporaries—Thomas Edison, Nicolas Tesla, Elmer Sperry, George Westinghouse, and others—transformed the technologies of electricity and reshaped modern life.

After working briefly for Edison, Sprague started the Sprague Electric Railway and Motor Company; designed and built an electric railroad system for Richmond, Virginia; sold his company to Edison and went into the field of electric elevators; almost accidentally discovered a multiple-control system that could equip electric train systems for mass transit; started a third company to commercialize this; then sold this company to Edison and retired (temporarily). Throughout his career, Dalzell tells us, Sprague framed technology as invention, cast himself as hero, and staged his technologies as dramas. He toiled against the odds, scraped together resources to found companies, bet those companies on technical feats—and pulled it off, multiple times.

The idea of the "heroic inventor" is not, of course, the only way to frame the history of technology. Nevertheless, as Dalzell shows, Sprague, Edison, and others crafted the role consciously and actively, using it to generate vital impetus behind the process of innovation.

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Frederick Dalzell - Engineering Invention, Frank J . Sprague and the U.S. Electrical Industry (2009).pdf

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David Harvey - The New Imperialism (2005).jpg

People around the world are confused and concerned. Is it a sign of strength or of weakness that the US has suddenly shifted from a politics of consensus to one of coercion on the world stage? What was really at stake in the war on Iraq? Was it all about oil and, if not, what else was involved? What role has a sagging economy played in pushing the US into foreign adventurism and what difference does it make that neo-conservatives rather than neo-liberals are now in power? What exactly is the relationship between US militarism abroad and domestic politics? These are the questions taken up in this compelling and original book. Closely argued but clearly written, 'The New Imperialism' builds a conceptual framework to expose the underlying forces at work behind these momentous shifts in US policies and politics. The compulsions behind the projection of US power on the world as a 'new imperialism' are here, for the first time, laid bare for all to see. This new paperback edition contains an Afterword written to coincide with the result of the 2004 American presidental election.

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David Harvey - The New Imperialism (2005).pdf

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Heather Lehr Wagner - The Outbreak of the Civil Wa r, A Nation Tears Apart (2008).jpg

On April 12, 1861, Confederate forces fired on federal troops stationed at Fort Sumter near Charleston, South Carolina. With that, the Civil War had begun. For nearly four years, the conflict that divided the United States into North and South would engulf more than 3 million Americans and claim 620,000 lives. The war marked a defining point in American history, and its effects are still felt today. "The Outbreak of the Civil War" examines the factors that led the nation to war. At the heart of these were differing positions on slavery, states' rights, and the future shape of the United States. The battles first waged in Missouri, in Kansas, in political parties, in the Supreme Court, and in the U.S. Senate set the stage for the violence that divided Americans and led the United States into civil war.

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Heather Lehr Wagner - The Outbreak of the Civil Wa r, A Nation Tears Apart (2008).pdf

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Hugh Wilford - The Mighty Wurlitzer, How the CIA P layed America (2008).jpg

In 1967 the magazine Ramparts ran an exposé revealing that the Central Intelligence Agency had been secretly funding and managing a wide range of citizen front groups intended to counter communist influence around the world. In addition to embarrassing prominent individuals caught up, wittingly or unwittingly, in the secret superpower struggle for hearts and minds, the revelations of 1967 were one of the worst operational disasters in the history of American intelligence and presaged a series of public scandals from which the CIA's reputation has arguably never recovered.

CIA official Frank Wisner called the operation his "mighty Wurlitzer," on which he could play any propaganda tune. In this illuminating book, Hugh Wilford provides the first comprehensive account of the clandestine relationship between the CIA and its front organizations. Using an unprecedented wealth of sources, he traces the rise and fall of America's Cold War front network from its origins in the 1940s to its Third World expansion during the 1950s and ultimate collapse in the 1960s.

Covering the intelligence officers who masterminded the CIA's fronts as well as the involved citizen groups--émigrés, labor, intellectuals, artists, students, women, Catholics, African Americans, and journalists--Wilford provides a surprising analysis of Cold War society that contains valuable lessons for our own age of global conflict.

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Hugh Wilford - The Mighty Wurlitzer, How the CIA P layed America (2008).pdf

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Thomas C. Holt - The Problem of Race in the Twenty -first Century (2001).jpg

“The problem of the twentieth century is the problem of the color-line,” W. E. B. Du Bois wrote in 1903, and his words have proven sadly prophetic. As we enter the twenty-first century, the problem remains—and yet it, and the line that defines it, have shifted in subtle but significant ways. This brief book speaks powerfully to the question of how the circumstances of race and racism have changed in our time—and how these changes will affect our future. Foremost among the book’s concerns are the contradictions and incoherence of a system that idealizes black celebrities in politics, popular culture, and sports even as it diminishes the average African-American citizen. The world of the assembly line, boxer Jack Johnson’s career, and The Birth of a Nation come under Holt’s scrutiny as he relates the malign progress of race and racism to the loss of industrial jobs and the rise of our modern consumer society. Understanding race as ideology, he describes the processes of consumerism and commodification that have transformed, but not necessarily improved, the place of black citizens in our society. As disturbing as it is enlightening, this timely work reveals the radical nature of change as it relates to race and its cultural phenomena. It offers conceptual tools and a new way to think and talk about racism as social reality.

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Thomas C. Holt - The Problem of Race in the Twenty -first Century (2001).pdf

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Steve Hughes - Global Governance. Critical Perspec tives (2002).jpg

In recent years, the role of global institutions such as the United Nations, World Trade Organization, International Monetary Fund and the World Bank has never been more important to the lives of individuals throughout the world. This edited book provides critical perspectives on the role of these institutions, and how they use their policies, procedures and practices to manage global political, socio-economic, legal and environmental affairs.

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Steve Hughes - Global Governance. Critical Perspec tives (2002).pdf

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Steven S. Smith, Jason M. Roberts, Ryan J. Vander Wielen - The American Congress (2005).jpg

Informed by the authors' Capitol Hill experience and nationally-recognized scholarship, The American Congress presents a crisp introduction to all major features of Congress: its party and committee systems, leadership, and voting and floor activity. Including the most in-depth discussions of the place of the president, the courts, and interest groups in congressional policy-making available in a text, this text blends an emphasis on recent developments in congressional politics with a clear discussion of the rules of the game, the history of key features of Congress, and stories from recent Congresses that bring politics to life.

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Barry R. Schneider - Middle East Security Issues, In the Shadow of Weapons (1999).jpg

The Middle East is an international flashpoint, a place where open warfare could erupt at any time. It is the home of numerous countries possessing some combination of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) (nuclear, biological, or chemical weapons), and is an area where states are developing an increasing capability to deliver such WMD by missiles and/or aircraft. The Middle East is also the home of US friends who oppose each other as well as rogue states who are hostile to the United States. In short, the Middle East is a WMD war waiting to happen. Such a conflict would harm US allies and US interests; it needs to be avoided. Or, if WMD warfare occurs, such a conflict needs to be limited and the United States and allied forces need to be prepared to cope with the effects.

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Barry R. Schneider - Middle East Security Issues, In the Shadow of Weapons (1999).pdf

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William Lyne - Occult Science Dictatorship, The Of ficial State Science Religion and How to Get Excom municated (2002).jpg

USA Books - William Lyne - Occult Science Dictatorship, The Offici...e Science Religion and How to Get Excommunicated 2002.jpg

This book continues where "Occult Ether Physics" leaves off. Using UFOlogy as a barometer of misinformation, the author contends that there is an occult (i.e.,"hidden") scientific thought-control dictatorship, maintained by coercive-monopolist interest, a monolithic mass media, a compliant government, grant-beholden universities and institutions, robotic government know-it-alls, and armies of covert propagandists, and that this covert authoritarian system manufactures opinion, enforces "rules", punishes "violators", and controls scientific thought in society. This reign of thought-terror makes it difficult for creative individuals to express divergent scientific views without being virtually burned at the stake by thought-control zombies, who have fallen victim to the pressure to believe the mind-crippling theories Big Brother wants them to. Lyne chisels away a shell of quasi-religious "scientific" superstitions which have ossified into scientific orthodoxy, to expose the soft underbelly of Relativist pseudo-science, which has masqueraded as absolute, immutable truth for almost a century. In sycophancy to entrenched, archaic corporate-state interest, this occult dictatorship has established the virtual energy-enslavement of the common man/woman. Lyne points the way out, and even includes some novel scientific discoveries.

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William Lyne - Occult Science Dictatorship, The Of ficial State Science Religion and How to Get Excom municated (2002).pdf

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Robert F. Barsky - Noam Chomsky, A Life of Dissent (1998).jpg

This biography describes the intellectual and political environments that helped shape Noam Chomsky, a pivotal figure in contemporary linguistics, politics, cognitive psychology, and philosophy. In describing these formative individuals and milieus, the book also presents an engaging political history of the last several decades, including such events as the Spanish Civil War, the dropping of atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, and the march on the Pentagon. The book highlights Chomsky's views on the uses and misuses of the university as an institution, his assessment of useful political engagement, and his doubts about postmodernism. Because Chomsky is given ample space to articulate his views on many of the major issues relating to his work, both linguistic and political, this book can also be seen as the autobiography that Chomsky says he will never write. Barsky's account reveals the remarkable consistency in Chomsky's interests and principles over the course of his life. The book contains well-placed excerpts from Chomsky's published writings and unpublished correspondence, including the author's own long correspondence with Chomsky.

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