[The following excerpt from the Introductiion gives a clear idea of the book's contents.] Idiomatic expressions give English its color and vitality. They are indispensable to the daily speech of the people and to the language of newspapers and books, television and movies. Whenever you hear a phrase whose meaning cannot be understood even if you know the definitions of the separate words involved, you have probably encountered an idiom. Mastering idioms requires a great deal of listening, studying, practice, and usage. You cannot ignore this part of the language: idiomatic expressions and more formal grammar should be given equal time. The lessons in this book are designed to teach you the kind of informal, everyday speech--including many slang words as well as idioms--that is commonly understood by all native Americans, no matter what their level of education.

There are various levels of idiomatic difficulty, and each group of lessons listed in the Table of Contents begins with the easiest lessons and ends with the more advanced ones. However, you may use them in any order you desire; each lesson is self-contained.

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Barbara K. Gaines - Idiomatic American English, A Step-by-Step Workbook for Learning Everyday Americ an Expressions (1986).pdf

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Joseph A. Amato - The Great Jerusalem Artichoke Ci rcus, The Buying and Selling of the Rural American Dream (1993).jpg

USA Books - Joseph A. Amato - The Great Jerusalem Artichoke Circus...he Buying and Selling of the Rural American Dream 1993.jpg

What can we say, obviously this is a book that any full-blodded American can relate to. I consider this book the finest example of pure literary skill at its finest. I especially enjoyed the chapter describing the fair as "rambunctiously Christian" with "people praising the lord at all corners". Chapter 9 says it all about the book in the 3 little words of "I love God", well, I love this book. The only reason I gave this book a 9 is because the forward by Paul Cruchow was not the best example of grammar that I would expect, even from my 3rd grade class, such phrases as "Yuck yuck, you'll love this book." and "Why if I knew how to write as good as Mr Amato I'd be a pure literary star, chuck full of star stuff, yup I wanna be like Amato, or as I like to call him, TAmato." I mean what kind of a run on no sense sentance is this? Well, I guess the rest of this book makes up for Paul's illiteracy. I would encourage the reading of this book to any person of any age. "The Great Jerusalem Artichoke Circus" is also makes a great gift. I thank Mr. Joseph A. Amato for this wonderful literary treat.

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Joseph A. Amato - The Great Jerusalem Artichoke Ci rcus, The Buying and Selling of the Rural American Dream (1993).pdf

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Fred Williams - Fight Back Against Unfair Debt Col lection Practices, Know Your Rights and Protect Yo urself from Threats, Lies, and Intimidation (2010).jpg

USA Books - Fred Williams - Fight Back Against Unfair Debt Collect...ct Yourself from Threats, Lies, and Intimidation 2010.jpg

How Debt Collectors Really Work--and How to Fight Back!
An Insider’s Report from Fred Williams, Award-Winning Investigative Reporter
Discover the dirty tricks collectors use
Negotiate settlements that can save you a fortune
Learn how to stop the harassment now!

In this book, investigative reporter Fred Williams takes you inside America’s vicious debt collection industry, reveals how the game is really played, and shows you exactly how to defend yourself.

Debt collectors rely on ignorance and fear. When you know your rights, and you know their tricks, you can fight back--and win. This book reveals how to get the law on your side, make the calls stop, and slash your debt by thousands!

This year, America’s enormous debt collection industry will make an estimated 1,000,000,000 collection calls. They will threaten. Lie. Mislead. Intimidate. Over the past five years, their callers have racked up more than 300,000 complaints to the FTC: more than any other industry it regulates.

Author Fred Williams has won awards for his reporting on debt collection in America--and he went inside the industry spending three months working for one of the largest firms in the business. Now, he reveals everything he learned “in the belly of the beast”--and shows you exactly how to fight back and protect your rights.

You’ll learn what to do first if a collector calls...what collectors can and can’t do...which debts you are and aren’t responsible for...how collectors choose their targets...how to stop harassing or abusive calls...how to negotiate a debt settlement that can save you a fortune. Williams even reveals how to take the offensive--with a lawsuit that can halt collection and perhaps even earn you a settlement!
Inside the debt collection game
Lessons in deception, straight from the boiler room
The right answers when the collectors call
What to say--and what you should never say
Get the law on your side
How to stop collection calls, check out a collector, and use collection law
Negotiate a debt settlement that saves you thousands
Bargain down your debt, the smart way

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Fred Williams - Fight Back Against Unfair Debt Col lection Practices, Know Your Rights and Protect Yo urself from Threats, Lies, and Intimidation (2010).pdf

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Ingrid Semmingsen - Norway to America, A History o f the Migration (1980).jpg

Einar Haugen has contributed to Norway to America: A History of the Migration as a translator. Einar Haugen (1906-1994) was the Victor S. Thomas Professor of Scandinavian and Linguistics at Harvard University and professor of Scandinavian studies and linguistics for many decades at the University of Wisconsin.

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Ingrid Semmingsen - Norway to America, A History o f the Migration (1980).pdf

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Gerald Vizenor - The People Named Chippewa (1984).jpg

Ranging in time and space from Madeline Island and the reservations of northern Minnesota to the urban reservation of Minneapolis-St. Paul, Vizenor recounts the experiences of the Chippewa and their encounters with the white people who "named" them.

"Through some very funny moments, Vizenor raises serious questions for the pan-Indian movements and 'radical' academics. A teacher and scholar wishing to avoid and to correct the mistakes of twentieth-century scholarship in discussing 'Indians,' 'Native Americans' or 'Amerindians' would do well to begin with these stories; they are the strength of the Anishinaabeg." —World Literature Today

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Gerald Vizenor - The People Named Chippewa (1984).pdf

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Brian Silverman - Frommer's New York City 2008 (20 07).jpg

The indispensable guide to the Big Apple. Explore the city with a real New Yorker, who gives you inside tips on hotels, restaurants, attractions, and nightlife.
Experience a place the way the locals do. Enjoy the best it has to offer. Frommer's, the best trips start here: The best places to eat, from vintage delis to pizza joints to power palaces. Outspoken opinions on what's worth your time and what's not.
Exact prices, so you can plan the perfect trip whatever your budget. Off-the-beaten-path experiences and undiscovered gems, plus new takes on top attractions, and the latest news on the newest hotels, restaurants and hotspots in the City that Never Sleeps.

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Brian Silverman - Frommer's New York City 2008 (20 07).pdf

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Claudia B. Haake - The State, Removal and Indigeno us Peoples in the United States and Mexico, 1620-2 000 (2007).jpg

USA Books - Claudia B. Haake - The State, Removal and Indigenous P...oples in the United States and Mexico, 1620-2000 2007.jpg

This book investigates the forced migration of the Delawares in the United States and the Yaquis in Mexico, focusing primarily on the impact removal from tribal lands had on the (ethnic) identity of these two indigenous societies. It analyzes Native responses to colonial and state policies to determine the practical options that each group had in dealing with the states in which they lived. Haake convincingly argues that both nation-states aimed at the destruction of the Native American societies within their borders. This exemplary comparative, transnational study clearly demonstrates that the legacy of these attitudes and policies are readily apparent in both countries today. This book should appeal to a wide variety of academic disciplines in which diversity and minority political representation assume significance.

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Claudia B. Haake - The State, Removal and Indigeno us Peoples in the United States and Mexico, 1620-2 000 (2007).pdf

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Timothy D. Willig - Restoring the Chain of Friends hip, British Policy and the Indians of the Great L akes, 1783-1815 (2008).jpg

USA Books - Timothy D. Willig - Restoring the Chain of Friendship,...cy and the Indians of the Great Lakes, 1783-1815 2008.jpg

During the American Revolution the British enjoyed a unified alliance with their Native allies in the Great Lakes region of North America. By the War of 1812, however, that â€œchain of friendshipâ€ had devolved into smaller, more local alliances. To understand how and why this pivotal shift occurred, Restoring the Chain of Friendship examines British and Native relations in the Great Lakes region between the end of the American Revolution and the end of the War of 1812.Timothy D. Willig traces the developments in British-Native interaction and diplomacy in three regions: those served by the agencies of Fort St. Joseph, Fort Amherstburg, and Fort George. During the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, the Native peoples in each area developed unique relationships with the British. Relations in these regions were affected by such factors as the local success of the fur trade, Native relations with the United States, geography, the influence of British-Indian agents, intertribal relations, Native acculturation or cultural revitalization, and constitutional issues of Native sovereignty and legal statuses. Assessing the wide variety of factors that influenced relations in each of these areas, Willig determines that it was nearly impossible for Britain to establish a single Indian policy for its North American borderlands, and it was thus forced to adapt to conditions and circumstances particular to each region.

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Timothy D. Willig - Restoring the Chain of Friends hip, British Policy and the Indians of the Great L akes, 1783-1815 (2008).pdf

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Edward S. Curtis - The North American Indian, Volu me 1 (1907).jpg

Edward Sheriff Curtis published The North American Indian between 1907 and 1930 with the intent to record traditional Indian cultures. The work comprises twenty volumes of narrative text and photogravure images. Each volume is accompanied by a portfolio of large photogravure plates.

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Edward S. Curtis - The North American Indian, Volu me 1 (1907).pdf

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Edwin R. Sweeney - Mangas Coloradas, Chief of the Chiricahua Apaches (1998).jpg

From Publishers Weekly
One would expect that a biography of the great Apache leader would be sympathetic to the Native American's plight. Mangas was a prominent and influential leader of his people against the Mexicans and later the Americans who ended his life in 1863. But Sweeney's (Cochise) choice of language in his cumbersome work is appalling. Whites fighting against Apaches "killed a few Indians," "repeatedly whipped," "slain," "executed," and "dispassionately killed"; the Apaches "massacred," "murdered," "killed indiscriminately," "laid waste," "committed... depredations" and "slaughtered" troops and civilians?as if what the Apaches did in trying to protect and sustain their way of life was more heinous than what Mexicans and Americans were doing to deprive them of it. Especially dismaying is this passage describing an Apache raid: "they lanced seventy head of cattle, just for devilment" portraying them as little more than mischievous children. Understandably, any reconstruction of events will necessitate a dependence on historical documents, especially in this case with no records from the Apaches. But a historian should be careful of surmises, and the frequent use of "probably," "perhaps," "likely" and "apparently" undermines reader confidence. The writing is blase, a sluggish narrative that is little more than recounting of historical facts. Mangas Coloradas's life was anything but boring, and although well researched, this volume of his life is just that. Illustrated.

From Library Journal
Sweeney (Cochise: Chiricahua Apache Chief, LJ 5/1/91) has written a sympathetic biography of Mangas Coloradas ("red sleeves"), who led the Chiricahua Apache nation for almost 40 years. A large and powerful man (6' 4" tall) who led war parties against the Mexicans of Sonora, Mangas welcomed Americans into his territory in 1846 because they treated his people well and joined him in his fight against the Mexicans. However, as more whites came, retaliatory incidents caused Mangas and his son-in-law, Cochise, to fight back. When Mangas finally tried to make peace in 1863, he was captured and killed by American soldiers, which led to more than two decades of war. The strength of this first full-length biography lies in Sweeney's presenting all sides of the story, using historical papers, correspondence, newspaper accounts, and state documents. This well-written book would have been even stronger had it more greatly emphasized Apache social organization and political system, but it will still serve as a standard historical source on Mangas Coloradas and his followers.?Vicki L. Toy Smith, Univ. of Nevada, Reno

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Edwin R. Sweeney - Mangas Coloradas, Chief of the Chiricahua Apaches (1998).rar

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Alan Boye - Tales from the Journey of the Dead, Te n Thousand Years on an American Desert (2006).jpg

One hundred miles south of Albuquerque, two parallel chains of mountains isolate a 120-mile jumble of black rock, dry lake beds, flesh-colored sand, and desolation. This is the Jornada del Muerto, the Journey of the Dead. So named because of a particular death centuries ago, this desert has witnessed many tales of loss and destruction. Alan Boye takes us on a trek through the beauty and violence of this forbidding land.
Traveling the wasteland by foot, Boye visits battle sites from the Mexican-American War, to the Civil War, from the lonely canyon where the Apaches fought to keep their homeland, to the isolated site of the world’s first atomic explosion. In the sand and dust and the ruins of war, Boye discovers stories of sadistic killers, directionless rebels, and gun-toting gauchos—but also tales of poets and dreamers, of ordinary men and women who lived their lives and continue to live under this wide and ruthless desert sky. He introduces us to many travelers who have tested the desert: mysterious ancient people who built cliff-top fortresses, Spanish conquistadors, Mexican farmers, old time cowboys yodeling classical poetry to their cattle, and modern range managers tracking livestock by satellite.

This is the story of an American desert told through the eyes of those who knew it best and brought to life through Boye’s own travels across the Journey of the Dead.

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Alan Boye - Tales from the Journey of the Dead, Te n Thousand Years on an American Desert (2006).pdf

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Charles Collins - Apache Nightmare, The Battle at Cibecue Creek (1999).jpg

In Apache Nightmare, Charles Collins tells the story of the Battle at Cibecue Creek, a pivotal event in the Apache Wars. On August 28, 1881, Col. Eugene Asa Carr left Fort Apache, Arizona Territory, with two cavalry troops and a company of Indian scouts. Their aim was to arrest a Cibecue Apache medicine man, Nock-ay-det-klinne, rumored to be inciting his followers against whites in the area. The arrest at Cibecue Creek was uneventful, but as Carr's forces returned to Fort Apache, the medicine man's followers attacked. The Apaches were soon joined by the Indian scouts, marking the skirmish as the only wholesale mutiny of an Indian scout company in U.S. military history. Basing his account on extensive primary sources, including testimony from Apaches themselves, Collins describes the events leading up to the incident, recreates the battle, and analyzes its aftermath.

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Charles Collins - Apache Nightmare, The Battle at Cibecue Creek (1999).rar

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William Chebahtah, Nancy McGown Minor - Chevato, T he Story of the Apache Warrior Who Captured Herman Lehmann.jpg

USA Books - William Chebahtah, Nancy McGown Minor - Chevato, The S...ory of the Apache Warrior Who Captured Herman Lehmann.jpg

Here is the oral history of the Apache warrior Chevato, who captured eleven-year-old Herman Lehmann from his Texas homestead in May 1870. Lehmann called him “Bill Chiwat” and referred to him as both his captor and his friend. Chevato provides a Native American point of view on both the Apache and Comanche capture of children and specifics regarding the captivity of Lehmann known only to the Apache participants. Yet the capture of Lehmann was only one episode in Chevato’s life.
Born in Mexico, Chevato was a Lipan Apache whose parents had been killed in a massacre by Mexican troops. He and his siblings fled across the Rio Grande and were taken in by the Mescalero Apaches of New Mexico. Chevato became a shaman and was responsible for introducing the Lipan form of the peyote ritual to both the Mescalero Apaches and later to the Comanches and the Kiowas. He went on to become one of the founders of the Native American Church in Oklahoma.
The story of Chevato reveals important details regarding Lipan Apache shamanism and the origin and spread of the type of peyote rituals practiced today in the Native American community. This book also provides a rare glimpse into Lipan and Mescalero Apache life in the late nineteenth century, when the Lipans faced annihilation and the Mescaleros faced the reservation.

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William Chebahtah, Nancy McGown Minor - Chevato, T he Story of the Apache Warrior Who Captured Herman Lehmann.pdf

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Bill Felber - A Game of Brawl, The Orioles, the Be aneaters, and the Battle for the 1897 Pennant (200 7).jpg

Labor disputes, prolonged contract holdouts and widespread suggestions of cheating—Felber's account of the national pastime isn't a telling of current events but of the 1897 pennant race between the Boston Beaneaters and Baltimore Orioles. Stark contrasts in philosophy and team makeup create the best rivalries, and Felber, executive editor of the Manhattan Mercury in Kansas, excels at demonstrating the dissimilarities between these two evenly matched opponents. As Felber points out, Boston's team had ruled the early part of the decade with clean play that mirrored the city's puritanical approach to life, while the Orioles, representing less genteel Baltimore, had won the last three league championships thanks in part to their ungentlemanly methods and roughhouse tactics. As the two teams battle for the pennant up until the last week of the season, Felber gives a spirited retelling of the season, giving life to greedy owners, rabid fans, drunken ballplayers and terrorized umpires, all the while bringing to life an era of baseball when home runs were a rarity, players fielded with no gloves and starting pitchers threw almost 400 innings a season.

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Bill Felber - A Game of Brawl, The Orioles, the Be aneaters, and the Battle for the 1897 Pennant (200 7).pdf

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Ira Dworkin - Daughter of the Revolution, The Majo r Nonfiction Works of Pauline E. Hopkins (2007).jpg

Pauline E. Hopkins (1859-1930) came to prominence in the early years of the twentieth century as an outspoken writer, editor, and critic. Frequently recognized for her first novel, "Contending Forces", she emerged as one of the most prolific African American women writers of fiction prior to 1930 and is currently one of the most widely read and studied African American novelists from that period. While nearly all of Hopkins's fiction remains in print, there is very little of her nonfiction available. This reader brings together dozens of her hard-to-find essays. Also included are longer nonfiction works such as "Famous Men of the Negro Race", "Famous Women of the Negro Race", "The Dark Races of the Twentieth Century", and "A Primer of Facts Pertaining to the Early Greatness of the African Race" and the "Possibility of Restoration by Its Descendents", some of which are published here for the first time in their entirety. Through these works, along with two juvenile essays from the 1870s, a personal letter, and two speeches, readers encounter a voice that is committed to constructing an international discourse on race, recovering the militant abolitionist tradition to combat Jim Crow, celebrating black political participation during and after the Reconstruction era, articulating the connections between race and labor, and insisting on equal rights for women. Hopkins's writing will challenge contemporary scholars to rethink their understanding of black activism and modernity in the early twentieth century.

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