During the early decades of the 19th century, the Southern Plains of the North American continent were only occasionally visited by explorers, trappers, traders, and missionaries. The first trading posts and forts were built then, such as Adobe Walls in the panhandle of North Texas, and Tubac Presidio in New Mexico. During the 1840s, when the 'Great American Desert' became the scene of an inexorable westward expansion, European pioneers and settlers flooded overland from the eastern seaboard. As they headed west, these settlers invaded and absorbed the traditional lands of the Native American. Via a series of Acts passed by Congress, many members of the Five Civilized Tribes (the Creek, Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw and Seminole) were moved to reservations. It was hoped that a Permanent Indian Frontier guarded by a line of military forts would separate the Indian from the 'white man' forever. Numerous posts were built to police the southern end of this frontier between 1820 and 1840.

Following the establishment of the Republic of Texas in 1836, and the Mexican War of 1846-48, the lands and wealth then acquired lured many more migrants to the Southwest. The resulting trails first breached and then destroyed the Permanent Indian Frontier. The US Government constructed a line of forts on the Texan frontier in 1848-49 to protect traders and settlers. This chain, which included forts Graham, Worth, Gates, Crogham, Inge and Duncan, extended for more than 800 miles. In 1850-52 it became necessary to erect another line of posts 200 miles further west, in order to keep pace with the rapidly advancing frontier and protect against the marauding Kiowas and Comanches. To combat constant Apache and Navajo raids, a network of posts was built in New Mexico throughout the remainder of 1850s.

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Osprey - Men-at-Arms 163 - Jason Hook - The Americ an Plains Indians (1985).jpg

The central plains of North America to the east of the Rocky Mountains were home to the Plains Indians; here the hunting grounds of the twelve "typical" tribes coincided with the grazing range of the largest of the buffalo herds. The adoption of a horse culture heralded the golden age of the Plains Indians – an age abruptly ended by the intervention of the white man, who forced them into reservations in the second half of the 19th century. Jason Hook's fascinating text explores the culture of American Plains Indians, from camp life to conquest, in a volume complemented by photographs and stunning artwork. Men-at-Arms 163 and 186 and Warrior 4 are also available in a single volume special edition as ‘To Live and Die in the West’.
From the Publisher
Packed with specially commissioned artwork, maps and diagrams, the Men-at-Arms series is an unrivalled illustrated reference on the history, organisation, uniforms and equipment of the world's military forces, past and present.

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Osprey - Men-at-Arms 163 - Jason Hook - The Americ an Plains Indians (1985).zip

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Paul L. Atwood - War and Empire, The American Way of Life (2010).jpg

In this provocative study, Paul Atwood attempts to show Americans that their history is one of constant wars of aggression and imperial expansion. In his long teaching career, Atwood has found that most students know virtually nothing about America's involvement in the wars of the 20th century, let alone those prior to World War I. War and Empire aims to correct this, clearly and persuasively explaining US actions in every major war since the declaration of independence. The book shows that, far from being dragged reluctantly into foreign entanglements, America's leaders have always picked their battles in order to increase its influence and power, with little regard for those killed in the process. This book is an eye-opening introduction to the American way of life for undergraduate students of American history, politics and international relations.

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Paul L. Atwood - War and Empire, The American Way of Life (2010).pdf

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Robert Mann - When Freedom Would Triumph, The Civi l Rights Struggle in Congress, 1954-1968 (2007).jpg

When Freedom Would Triumph: The Civil Rights Struggle in Congress, 1954-1968 recalls the most significant and inspiring legislative battle of the twentieth century--the two decades of struggle in the halls of Congress that resulted in civil rights for the descendants of American slaves. Robert Mann's comprehensive analysis shows how political leaders in Washington--Lyndon Johnson, Hubert Humphrey, John F. Kennedy, and others--transformed the ardent passion for freedom--the protests, marches, and creative nonviolence of the civil rights movement--into concrete progress for justice. A story of heroism and cowardice, statesmanship and political calculation, vision and blindness, When Freedom Would Triumph, an abridged and revised version of Mann's The Walls of Jericho: Lyndon Johnson, Hubert Humphrey, Richard Russell, and the Struggle for Civil Rights, is a captivating, thought-provoking reminder of the need for more effective government.
Mann argues that the passage of civil rights laws is one of the finest examples of what good is possible when political leaders transcend partisan political differences and focus not only on the immediate judgment of the voters, but also on the ultimate judgment of history. As Mann explains, despite the opposition of a determined-yet-powerful band of southern politicians led by Georgia senator Richard Russell, the political environment of the 1950s and 1960s enabled a remarkable amount of compromise and progress in Congress. When Freedom Would Triumph recalls a time when statesmanship was possible and progress was achieved in ways that united the country and appealed to our highest principles, not our basest instincts. Although the era was far from perfect, and its leaders were deeply flawed in many ways, Mann shows that the mid-twentieth century was an age of bipartisan cooperation and willingness to set aside party differences in the pursuit of significant social reform. Such a political stance, Mann argues, is worthy of study and emulation today.

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Robert Mann - When Freedom Would Triumph, The Civi l Rights Struggle in Congress, 1954-1968 (2007).pdf

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William C. Meadows - Kiowa, Apache, and Comanche M ilitary Societies, Enduring Veterans, 1800 to the Present.(1999).jpg

USA Books - William C. Meadows - Kiowa, Apache, and Comanche Milit...ocieties, Enduring Veterans, 1800 to the Present.1999.jpg

For many Plains Indians, being a warrior and veteran has long been the traditional pathway to male honor and status. Men and boys formed military societies to celebrate victories in war, to perform community service, and to prepare young men for their role as warriors and hunters. By preserving cultural forms contained in song, dance, ritual, language, kinship, economics, naming, and other semireligious ceremonies, these societies have played an important role in maintaining Plains Indian culture from the pre-reservation era until today. In this book, William C. Meadows presents an in-depth ethnohistorical survey of Kiowa, Apache, and Comanche military societies, drawn from extensive interviews with tribal elders and military society members, unpublished archival sources, For many Plains Indians, being a warrior and veteran has long been the traditional pathway to male honor and status. Men and boys formed military societies to celebrate victories in war, to perform community service, and to prepare young men for their role as warriors and hunters. By preserving cultural forms contained in song, dance, ritual, language, kinship, economics, naming, and other semireligious ceremonies, these societies have played an important role in maintaining Plains Indian culture from the pre-reservation era until today. In this book, William C. Meadows presents an in-depth ethnohistorical survey of Kiowa, Apache, and Comanche military societies, drawn from extensive interviews with tribal elders and military society members, unpublished archival sources, and linguistic data. He examines their structure, functions, rituals, and martial symbols, showing how they fit within larger tribal organizations. And he explores how military societies, like powwows, have become a distinct public format for cultural and ethnic continuity.

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William C. Meadows - Kiowa, Apache, and Comanche M ilitary Societies, Enduring Veterans, 1800 to the Present.(1999).pdf

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William E. Nelson - The Legalist Reformation, Law, Politics, and Ideology in New York, 1920-1980 (20 01).jpg

Based on a detailed examination of New York case law, this pathbreaking book shows how law, politics, and ideology in the state changed in tandem between 1920 and 1980. Early twentieth-century New York was the scene of intense struggle between white, Anglo-Saxon, Protestant upper and middle classes located primarily in the upstate region and the impoverished, mainly Jewish and Roman Catholic, immigrant underclass centered in New York City. Beginning in the 1920s, however, judges such as Benjamin N. Cardozo, Henry J. Friendly, Learned Hand, and Harlan Fiske Stone used law to facilitate the entry of the underclass into the economic and social mainstream and to promote tolerance among all New Yorkers.
Ultimately, says William Nelson, a new legal ideology was created. By the late 1930s, New Yorkers had begun to reconceptualize social conflict not along class lines but in terms of the power of majorities and the rights of minorities. In the process, they constructed a new approach to law and politics. Though doctrinal change began to slow by the 1960s, the main ambitions of the legalist reformation--liberty, equality, human dignity, and entrepreneurial opportunity--remain the aspirations of nearly all Americans, and of much of the rest of the world, today.

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William E. Nelson - The Legalist Reformation, Law, Politics, and Ideology in New York, 1920-1980 (20 01).pdf

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William S. Lyon - Encyclopedia of Native American Healing (1996).jpg

From our very first contacts, our relationships with Native American healers has continually been a love-hate affair. This unusual dichotomy stems from the fact that Native Americans have always seen external reality through different eyes. They inhabit a world in which the Creator is known only as a "Great Mystery." Such a view negates any possible discussion concerning the nature of God (a "mystery power") and also imbues the lives of Native Americans with mystery. And as any good anthropologist will tell you, where there is mystery in a culture, there is bound to be magic begotten from the "mystery powers."

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William S. Lyon - Encyclopedia of Native American Healing (1996).chm

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Erika Lenkert - Frommer's Memorable Walks in San F rancisco (2003).jpg

12 Great Walking Tours Through the Most Colorful Neighborhoods in San Francisco
Follow Frommer’s for an up-close and personal look at the City by the Bay. Discover the dramatic views, stunning architecture, and exotic sights and sounds that make it such a special place.
LET FROMMER’S TAKE YOU TO:
The North Beach and Russian Hill haunts of the Beat Generation–with tales of the larger-than-life personalities that made it all happen
The cultural and culinary delights of Chinatown, the birthplace of modern San Francisco
Funky shopping and Summer of Love flashbacks in Haight-Ashbury
Roses, redwoods, and rowboats in Golden Gate Park, one of America’s greatest urban playgrounds

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Erika Lenkert - Frommer's Memorable Walks in San F rancisco (2003).pdf

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Mark Ellwood - Rough Guide Directions To San Franc isco (2004).jpg

DIRECTIONS guides – the new travel series from Rough Guides launched on 27th May – are an attractive and innovative new addition to the travel shelves this summer. Full of the detailed research you’d expect from a Rough Guide but with fewer pages, DIRECTIONS are stylish slimline pocket guides – perfect if you don’t want a big guidebook or you’re going away on a short break. Featuring fold-out colour maps for easy reference, a wealth of specially commissioned photography and – unique to Rough Guides – an e-book CD, DIRECTIONS launches with guides to Athens, Lisbon, London, Paris, San Francisco and Venice.

Set to revolutionise guidebooks, each DIRECTIONS guide comes with an e-book CD which contains the full content of the guide, allowing readers to search and annotate it on any computer or handheld device*. In addition, the 100s of web links are useful for making online reservations or finding out more about a particular attraction or festival before leaving home.

Add to this all the up-to-date information and irreverent attitude readers expect from Rough Guides – at the affordable price of £6.99 – and we can guarantee you’ll be as excited about DIRECTIONS as we are. From the best cafés in Paris and the most happening bars in San Francisco to London’s greatest museums and the cultural hotspots of Venice, DIRECTIONS are full of inspiring ideas to guide you on your way to discovering some of the world’s greatest destinations.

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Mark Ellwood - Rough Guide Directions To San Franc isco (2004).pdf

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Chester Chartman - City for Sale, The Transformati on of San Francisco, Revised and Updated Edition ( 2002).jpg

San Francisco is perhaps the most exhilarating of all American cities--its beauty, cultural and political avant-gardism, and history are legendary, while its idiosyncrasies make front-page news. In this revised edition of his highly regarded study of San Francisco's economic and political development since the mid-1950s, Chester Hartman gives a detailed account of how the city has been transformed by the expansion--outward and upward--of its downtown. His story is fueled by a wide range of players and an astonishing array of events, from police storming the International Hotel to citizens forcing the midair termination of a freeway. Throughout, Hartman raises a troubling question: can San Francisco's unique qualities survive the changes that have altered the city's skyline, neighborhoods, and economy?
Hartman was directly involved in many of the events he chronicles and thus had access to sources that might otherwise have been unavailable. A former activist with the National Housing Law Project, San Franciscans for Affordable Housing, and other neighborhood organizations, he explains how corporate San Francisco obtained the necessary cooperation of city and federal governments in undertaking massive redevelopment. He illustrates the rationale that produced BART, a subway system that serves upper-income suburbs but few of the city's poor neighborhoods, and cites the environmental effects of unrestrained highrise development, such as powerful wind tunnels and lack of sunshine. In describing the struggle to keep housing affordable in San Francisco and the seemingly intractable problem of homelessness, Hartman reveals the human face of the city's economic transformation.

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Chester Chartman - City for Sale, The Transformati on of San Francisco, Revised and Updated Edition ( 2002).pdf

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Kimie Hara - Cold War Frontiers in the Asia Pacifi c, Divided Territories in the San Francisco System (2006).jpg

USA Books - Kimie Hara - Cold War Frontiers in the Asia Pacific, D..., Divided Territories in the San Francisco System 2006.jpg

After the Second World War, many regional conflicts emerged in the Asia-Pacific, such as the divided Korean Peninsula; the Cross-Taiwan Strait; the Southern Kuriles and "Northern Territories"; Tokdo and Takeshima; Diaoyu and Senkaku; and the Spratly and Nansha islands problems. These and other disputes, such as the Okinawa problem in relation to US presence in the region, all share an important common foundation in the post-war disposition of Japan, particularly the 1951 Peace Treaty. Signed by 49 countries in San Francisco, this multilateral treaty largely determined the post-war political and security order in the region and, with its associated security arrangements, laid the foundation for the regional Cold War structure, namely the 'San Francisco System'.

This book examines the history and contemporary implications of the 'San Francisco System' with particular focus on its frontier problems. Drawing on extensive archival research and current day analysis, Kimie Hara uncovers key links between the regional problems in the Asia-Pacific and their underlying association with Japan, and explores clues for their future resolution within the multilateral context in which they originated. Cold War Frontiers in the Asia-Pacific will appeal to students and scholars interested in international relations, diplomatic history, and Japanese politics and history.

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Kimie Hara - Cold War Frontiers in the Asia Pacifi c, Divided Territories in the San Francisco System (2006).pdf

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Perspectives on Design New England, Creative Ideas Shared by Leading Design Professionals (2010).jpg

Present-day tastemakers share their wisdom, experience, and talent in these showcases of the finest architects, home builders, interior design artisans, and craftsmen. Highlighting luxurious residences with captivating photographs, the regions most notable industry specialists share the inspirations and motivations behind their work and explain their projects from initial design decisions to adding final fixtures and accoutrements. Whether contemplating the construction of a new home or the redesign of an intimate space, these guides will inspire and inform.

The rich history and architectural diversity of New England make an ideal setting for the breathtaking photos and well-researched editorials on the exquisite luxury homes of the northeast.

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Perspectives on Design New England, Creative Ideas Shared by Leading Design Professionals (2010).pdf

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Karl Kroeber - Native American Storytelling, A Rea der of Myths and Legends (1991).jpg

The myths and legends in this collection have been selected both for their excellence as stories and because they illustrate the distinctive nature of Native American storytelling. They are drawn from oral traditions of the major culture areas of aboriginal North America, and include trickster tales, origin myths and stories of domestic sexual conflict.In a substantial introduction and headnotes to each story, editor Karl Kroeber highlights the otherness of Native American narratives, in which suspense is insignificant, metaphors hardly used, protagonists are often unnamed and ambiguity of motives is stressed. He reveals the highly practical functions of myths and legends in Native American societies, demonstrating how they helped listeners to explore the efficacy of social practices and cultural institutions, and how they reinforced American Indians' profound spiritual engagement with their natural environment. This collection makes accessible to any reader the uniqueness and diversity of Native American storytelling..

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Karl Kroeber - Native American Storytelling, A Rea der of Myths and Legends (1991).pdf

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Eugene V. Gallagher - The New Religious Movements Experience in America (2004).jpg

Examines how new religions have originated, survived or died, and sometimes prospered throughout U. S. history and what it's like to follow one of these spiritual practices.

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Eugene V. Gallagher - The New Religious Movements Experience in America (2004).pdf

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Paul Karr - Frommer's Vermont, New Hampshire and M aine (2010).jpg

Per Frommer's usual convenient design, the inside flap of the front cover displays a color map of New England--so you can see the whole region at a glance--and the rest of the guidebook continues the pattern of thoughtful, practical, helpful travel information in a portable, accessible format. Chapter 1 summarizes the best of Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine: the best small towns, best country inns, best restaurants, best shopping, best family destinations, and best places to see the fall foliage. Wayne Curtis then introduces the various regions, their history and geography, literary legacy, and contemporary style. Curtis provides trip-planning details, such as climate information, a calendar of events, how best to get there and get around, and where to check on the Web for New England sites. Then come the comprehensive state sections, each with recommended places to stay and eat, a discussion of outdoor activities, and interesting snippets on the Ben & Jerry story, the history of maple syrup, ferries to Nova Scotia, and the debate over Maine's North Woods. Excellent maps accompany each section, as do lists of useful phone numbers, tourist information offices, and suggestions of what there may be to do at night, resulting in a smartly compiled guidebook with lots of useful information and no excess fluff.

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Paul Karr - Frommer's Vermont, New Hampshire and M aine (2010).pdf

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Ruben ''Doc'' Cavazos - Honor Few, Fear None, The Life and Times of a Mongol (2008).jpg

When Ruben Cavazos changed his clothes at daybreak, he was no longer a CAT scan technician at the University of Southern California Medical Center. He became the man known—and, in a few special cases, feared—as Doc, international president of the Mongols, the fastest-growing and most closely watched organization of its kind in the United States.
In reality, the Mongols are a tightly knit band of brothers devoted in equal measure to their club, their fellow Mongols, and their freedom. They live to enjoy life, party, and travel the open road. Above all, they demand respect. When pushed too far, Mongols join together to push back. Just ask the Hells Angels, the Ukrainian mafia, the Mexican mafia, and the U.S. government, all of whom have tested the Mongols' resolve.

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