When war broke out between the North and the South in 1861, the United States was still a growing nation, living with traditions of the past and beginning to improve life with new technological advances of the future. The Civil War was a conflict during which both sides experimented with old and new methods, machines, and weapons - all of which were dependent upon developing technologies. Exploding shells, hot air balloons, anesthesia, land mines, submarines, and the telegraph are a few of the unique technologies that Union and Confederate leaders used in their struggle to win the war. "Technology and the Civil War" explains the role of technology for Americans before, during, and after the conflict.

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Shane Mountjoy - Technology and the Civil War (200 9).pdf

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William H. Roberts - Now for the Contest, Coastal and Oceanic Naval Operations in the Civil War (200 4).jpg

Now for the Contest tells the story of the Civil War at sea in the context of three campaigns: the blockade of the southern coast, the raiding of Union commerce, and the projection of power ashore. The Civil War at sea was profoundly influenced by innovation and asymmetry—both sides embraced innovation, but differences in their resources and their strategic objectives pushed them down different paths. At its peak the Union navy boasted over fifty thousand men and nearly seven hundred ships. The Confederate navy was far smaller, never exceeding some five thousand men, and it numbered its ships in the tens rather than the hundreds. The Confederacy’s “technology strategy” and its overseas programs formed the main counterweight to the Union’s numerical force.
Now for the Contest also examines how both sides mobilized and employed their resources for a war that proved to be of unprecedented intensity and duration. For both antagonists the conduct of the naval war was complicated by rapid technological change, as steam power, metal armor, and more powerful ordnance sparked experiment and innovation both in naval construction and in tactics. The war years brought tremendous change to a service that did not always welcome it. Innovative technologies flourished in this hothouse atmosphere, however, and a rising generation of naval leaders would carry the knowledge of combat into the long peace that followed.

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William H. Roberts - Now for the Contest, Coastal and Oceanic Naval Operations in the Civil War (200 4).pdf

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Harold S. Wilson - Confederate Industry, Manufactu rers and Quartermasters in the Civil War (2005).jpg

By 1860 the South ranked high among the developed countries of the world in per capita income and life expectancy and in the number of railroad miles, telegraph lines, and institutions of higher learning. Only the major European powers and the North had more cotton and woolen spindles.
This book examines the Confederate military's program to govern this prosperous industrial base by a quartermaster system. By commandeering more than half the South's produced goods for the military, the quartermaster general, in a drift toward socialism, appropriated hundreds of mills and controlled the flow of southern factory commodities. The most controversial of the quartermasters general was Colonel Abraham Charles Myers. His iron hand set the controls of southern manufacturing throughout the war. His capable successor, Brigadier General Alexander R. Lawton, conducted the first census of Confederate resources, established the plan of production and distribution, and organized the Bureau of Foreign Supplies in a strategy for importing parts, machinery, goods, and military uniforms. While the Confederacy mobilized its mills for military purposes, the Union systematically planned their destruction. The Union blockade ended the effectiveness of importing goods, and under the Union army's General Order 100 Confederate industry was crushed. The great antebellum manufacturing boom was over.

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Harold S. Wilson - Confederate Industry, Manufactu rers and Quartermasters in the Civil War (2005).pdf

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Jack Hurst - Men of Fire, Grant, Forrest, and the Campaign That Decided the Civil War (2008).jpg

Deep in the winter of 1862, on the border between Kentucky and Tennessee, two extraordinary military leaders faced each other in an epic clash that would transform them both and change the course of American history forever.
Brigadier General Ulysses S. Grant had no significant military successes to his credit at the outset of the campaign. He was barely clinging to his position within the Union Army—he had been officially charged with chronic drunkenness only days earlier, and his own troops despised him. His opponent was as untested as he was: an obscure lieutenant colonel named Nathan Bedford Forrest. The two men held one thing in common: an unrelenting desire for victory at any cost.
A riveting account of the making of two great military leaders, and two battles that transformed America forever, Men of Fire is destined to become a classic work of military history.

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Jack Hurst - Men of Fire, Grant, Forrest, and the Campaign That Decided the Civil War (2008).pdf

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John V. Denson - The Costs of War, America's Pyrrh ic Victories (1999).jpg

Central to this volume are the views of Ludwig von Mises on war and foreign policy. Mises argues that war, along with colonialism and imperialism, is the greatest enemy of freedom and prosperity, and that peace cannot be achieved until major nations become limited in scope and power.

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John V. Denson - The Costs of War, America's Pyrrh ic Victories (1999).chm

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Osprey - Elite 89 - Philip Katcher - American Civi l War Commanders (3), Union Leaders in the West (2 003).pdf

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Osprey - Elite 91 - Ron Field - US Army Frontier S couts 1840-1921 (2003).pdf

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Oscar. T. Branson - Indian Jewelry Making, Vol 2.jpg

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Oscar. T. Branson - Indian Jewelry Making, Vol 2.pdf

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Colin A. Palmer - Encyclopedia Of African American Culture And History, 2nd ed., 6 Volumes (2005).jpg

Users looking for authoritative and comprehensive information about black history, figures and accomplishments now have a defining and current reference to address their needs. The second edition of the Encyclopedia of African-American Culture and History is a much-needed expansion of the 1996 classic and its 2000 supplement. As with the earlier publications, the second edition is aimed at high school and college students, as well as the general reader.

Whereas the first edition focused almost exclusively on the United States, this new set identifies and addresses broad themes critical to understanding the texture of the cultures, achievements, challenges and comprise North America, Central and South America and the Caribbean. Readers can find comparative analyses of social movements, languages, religions and family structures in the context of an interdisciplinary framework that fills a substantial gap in studies of this genre. While many articles from the original set have updated content and bibliographies, almost half of the second edition is composed of completely new scholarship.

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Colin A. Palmer - Encyclopedia Of African American Culture And History, 2nd ed., 6 Volumes (2005).rar

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O. T. Branson - Indian Jewelry Making. Vol. 1 (197 7).jpg

Southwestern Indian jewelry has probably become the foremost American craft. It has not only become a monetary investment for millions of Americans but an investment in beauty they can enjoy every minute of the day. We think of it as truly American, and it really is. The squash blossom necklace is composed of three main components all of foreign origins. They are put together in a very unique and original manner. Possibly nowhere else in the world has such a beautiful piece of jewelry been evolved which uniquely belongs to a single people, the Navajo Indians.
The concha belt is another example of the foreign elements of design which the Navajo adopted, changed and developed into a very unique piece of jewelry and a symbol of the Navajo nation. True, there are silver belts made and worn by tribes and people around the world but none so unique or individual and even wearable by almost anyone as is the Navajo concha belt. The bracelets that have been designed and made by the Indians, especially the Navajo but also all the Indians of the Southwest, are again unique creations, indigenous to the Southwest even if some of the original ideas are borrowed. They combine the elements of beautiful white silver and lovely blue turquoise, which to them symbolizes the beautiful Western skies. Nowhere in the world is the sky more deep turquoise blue and the clouds more pure silver white than over the Southwest Indian country. It is no wonder living among this natural beauty that such uniquely beautiful jewelry be developed, made and worn by every Indian man, woman, and child and usually in great profusion. Traditional styles and designs were mostly used in the illustrations of this book. There has been no drastic change in Indian jewelry design during the last fifty years although styles are constantly changing under social and economic pressures.

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O. T. Branson - Indian Jewelry Making. Vol. 1 (197 7).pdf

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Butler Schaffer - In Restraint of Trade, The Busin ess Campaign Against Competition, 1918-1938 (2002).jpeg

Butler Shaffer's scholarly interpretation of the political attitudes and actions most prevalent among America's business leaders in the two critical decades following World War I is uniquely satisfying. The author, a professor of law, reveals himself to be well grounded also in economics, history, and philosophy, as well as possessed of an insider's feel for the political agnosticism of large corporations and industry associations. Given his talents and his apt approach to the subject, Shaffer has made an important contribution to the literature. The 1920s were marked by a political tug-of-war over business policy. On one side were corporate leadersand career politicians, such as Herbert Hooverwho saw in the War Industries Board the precise mechanism they craved to control competition and to force "order" on the economy. On the other side were advocates not of laissez-faire, but of so-called self-regulation. Trade association "codes of ethics," developed by most industries during or after the war, were intended to achieve identical goals through voluntary restraints on competition. The Harding and Coolidge administrations tended to be very receptive to the latter approach. The now-predictable result, of course, was that without enforcement authority, industry leaders spent their energy excoriating the "ten-percenters," who refused to cooperate, or trying to outlaw one example after another of "unfair competition." Almost every imaginable method of competition was attacked during the 1920s.

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Butler Schaffer - In Restraint of Trade, The Busin ess Campaign Against Competition, 1918-1938 (2002).pdf

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Matt Welch - McCain, The Myth of a Maverick (2008).jpg

John McCain is one of the most familiar, sympathetic, and overexposed figures in American politics, yet his concrete governing philosophy and actual track record have been left curiously unexamined. McCain is a flesh-and-bones political portrait of a man onto whom people are forever projecting their own ideological fantasies, and a psychological key for decoding his allegedly "maverick" actions.

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Matt Welch - McCain, The Myth of a Maverick (2008).djvu

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Sanford M. Jacoby - Employing Bureaucracy, Manager s, Unions, and the Transformation of Work in the 2 0th Century, Revised Edition (2004).jpg

USA Books1 - Sanford M. Jacoby - Employing Bureaucracy, Managers, ...ion of Work in the 20th Century, Revised Edition 2004.jpg

Deftly blending social and business history with economic analysis, Employing Bureaucracy shows how the American workplace shifted from a market-oriented system to a bureaucratic one over the course of the 20th century. Jacoby explains how an unstable, haphazard employment relationship evolved into one that was more enduring, equitable, and career-oriented. This revised edition presents a new analysis of recent efforts to re-establish a market orientation in the workplace.

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Sanford M. Jacoby - Employing Bureaucracy, Manager s, Unions, and the Transformation of Work in the 2 0th Century, Revised Edition (2004).pdf

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H.W. Brands - The Strange Death of American Libera lism (2001).jpg

In this provocative book, H. W. Brands confronts the vital question of why an ever-increasing number of Americans do not trust the federal government to improve their lives and to heal major social ills. How is it that government has come to be seen as the source of many of our problems, rather than the potential means of their solution? How has the word liberal become a term of abuse in American political discourse? From the Revolution on, argues Brands, Americans have been chronically skeptical of their government. This book succinctly traces this skepticism, demonstrating that it is only during periods of war that Americans have set aside their distrust and looked to their government to defend them. The Cold War, Brands shows, created an extended--and historically anomalous--period of dependence, thereby allowing for the massive expansion of the American welfare state. Since the 1970s, and the devastating blow dealt to Cold War ideology by America's defeat in Vietnam, Americans have returned to their characteristic distrust of government. With the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, Brands contends, the fate of American liberalism was sealed--and we continue to live with the consequences of its demise.

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H.W. Brands - The Strange Death of American Libera lism (2001).djvu

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Joseph J. Collins - Choosing War, The Decision to Invade Iraq and Its Aftermath (2008).jpg

This short monograph by a Professor at the National War College, is a great contribution to our understanding of how the interagency process functioned--and didn't function--in the lead-up to the war with Iraq. It is a case study of what the author calls "a major war and a major debacle." The goal of this study, he says, is to "outline how the United States chose to go to war in Iraq, how its decisionmaking process functioned, and what can be done to improve that process."

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Joseph J. Collins - Choosing War, The Decision to Invade Iraq and Its Aftermath (2008).pdf

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G. Edward White - Alger Hiss's Looking-Glass Wars, The Covert Life of a Soviet Spy (2004).jpg

For decades, a great number of Americans saw Alger Hiss as an innocent victim of McCarthyism--a distinguished diplomat railroaded by an ambitious Richard Nixon. And even as the case against Hiss grew over time, his dignified demeanor helped create an aura of innocence that outshone the facts in many minds. Now G. Edward White deftly draws together the countless details of Hiss's life--from his upper middle-class childhood in Baltimore and his brilliant success at Harvard to his later career as a self-made martyr to McCarthyism--to paint a fascinating portrait of a man whose life was devoted to perpetuating a lie. White catalogs the evidence that proved Hiss's guilt, from Whittaker Chambers's famous testimony, to copies of State Department documents typed on Hiss's typewriter, to Allen Weinstein's groundbreaking investigation in the 1970s. The author then explores the central conundrums of Hiss's life: Why did this talented lawyer become a Communist and a Soviet spy? Why did he devote so much of his life to an extensive public campaign to deny his espionage? And how, without producing any new evidence, did he convince many people that he was innocent? White offers a compelling analysis of Hiss's behavior in the face of growing evidence of his guilt, revealing how this behavior fit into an ongoing pattern of denial and duplicity in his life. The story of Alger Hiss is in part a reflection of Cold War America--a time of ideological passions, partisan battles, and secret lives. It is also a story that transcends a particular historical era--a story about individuals who choose to engage in espionage for foreign powers and the secret worlds they choose to conceal. In White's skilled hands, the life of Alger Hiss comes to illuminate both of those themes.

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