"I am not a common atheist; I am an atheist who loves God."—Paul Carus, "The God of Science," 1904

In the summer of 1880, while teaching at the military academy of the Royal Corps of Cadets of Saxony in Dresden, Paul Carus published a brief pamphlet denying the literal truth of scripture and describing the Bible as a great literary work comparable to theOdyssey.

This unremarkable document was Carus’s first step in a wide-ranging intellectual voyage in which he traversed philosophy, science, religion, mathematics, history, music, literature, and social and political issues. The Royal Corps, Carus later reported, found his published views "not in harmony with the Christian spirit, in accordance with which the training and education of the Corps of Cadets should be conducted." And so the corps offered the young teacher the choice of asking "most humbly for forgiveness for daring to have an opinion of my own and to express it, perhaps even promise to publish nothing more on religious matters, or to give up my post. I chose the latter. . . . There was thus no other choice for me but to emigrate and, trusting in my own powers, to establish for myself a new home." His resignation was effective on Easter Sunday, 1881.

Carus toured the Rhine, lived briefly in Belgium, and taught in a military college in England to learn English well enough to "thrive in the United States." By late 1884 or early 1885 he was on his way to the New World. Thriving in the United States proved more difficult than it had in England, but before 1885 ended he had published his first philosophical work in English,Monism and Meliorism.The book was not widely read, but it did reach Edward C. Hegeler, a La Salle, Illinois, zinc processor who became his father-in-law as well as his ideological and financial backer.

Established in La Salle, Carus began the work that would place him among the prominent American philosophers of his day and make the Open Court Publishing Company a leading publisher of philosophical, scientific, and religious books. He editedThe Open CourtandThe Monist,offering the finest view of Oriental thought and religion then available in the West, and sought unsuccessfully to bring about a second World Parliament of Religions. He befriended physicist-philosopher Ernst Mach. For eleven years he employed D. T. Suzuki, who later became a great Zen Buddhist teacher. He published more articles by Charles S. Peirce, now viewed as one of the great world philosophers, inThe Monistthan appeared in any other publication.

Biographer Harold Henderson concludes his study of this remarkable man: "Whenever anyone is so fired with an idea that he or she can’t wait to write it down, there the spirit of Paul Carus remains, as he would have wished, active in the world."

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Harold Henderson - Catalyst for Controversy, Paul Carus of Open Court (2009).pdf

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Edward T. Linenthal - The Unfinished Bombing, Okla homa City in American Memory (2003).jpg

On April 19, 1995 the bombing of the Alfred P. Murrah Federal Building in Oklahoma City shook the nation, destroying our complacent sense of safety and sending a community into a tailspin of shock, grief, and bewilderment. Almost as difficult as the bombing itself has been the aftermath, its legacy for Oklahoma City and for the nation, and the struggle to recover from this unprecedented attack. In The Unfinished Bombing, Edward T. Linenthal explores the many ways Oklahomans and other Americans have tried to grapple with this catastrophe. Working with exclusive access to materials gathered by the Oklahoma City National Memorial Archive and drawing from over 150 personal interviews with family members of those murdered, survivors, rescuers, and many others. Linenthal looks at how the bombing threatened cherished ideas about American innocence, sparked national debate on how to respond to terrorism at home and abroad, and engendered a new "bereaved community" in Oklahoma City itself. Linenthal examines how different stories about the bombing were told through positive narratives of civic renewal and of religious redemption and more negative narratives of toxicity and trauma. He writes about the extraordinary bonds of affection that were created in the wake of the bombing, acts of kindness, empathy, and compassion that existed alongside the toxic legacy of the event. The Unfinished Bombing offers a compelling look at both the individual and the larger cultural consequences of one of the most searing events in recent American history.

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Edward T. Linenthal - The Unfinished Bombing, Okla homa City in American Memory (2003).pdf

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Katherine Kinney - Friendly Fire, American Images of the Vietnam War (2000).jpg

Hundreds of memoirs, novels, plays, and movies have been devoted to the American war in Vietnam. In spite of the great variety of media, political perspectives and the degrees of seriousness with which the war has been treated, Katherine Kinney argues that the vast majority of these works share a single story: that of Americans killing Americans in Vietnam. Friendly Fire, in this instance, refers not merely to a tragic error of war, it also refers to America's war with itself during the Vietnam years. Starting from this point, this book considers the concept of "friendly fire" from multiple vantage points, and portrays the Vietnam age as a crucible where America's cohesive image of itself is shattered--pitting soldiers against superiors, doves against hawks, feminism against patriarchy, racial fear against racial tolerance. Through the use of extensive evidence from the film and popular fiction of Vietnam (e.g. Kovic's Born on the Fourth of July, Didion's Democracy, O'Brien's Going After Cacciato, Rabe's Sticks and Bones and Streamers), Kinney draws a powerful picture of a nation politically, culturally, and socially divided, and a war that has been memorialized as a contested site of art, media, politics, and ideology.

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Katherine Kinney - Friendly Fire, American Images of the Vietnam War (2000).pdf

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Donald L. Canney - The Old Steam Navy, Volume One, Frigates, Sloops, and Gunboats, 1815-1885 (1990).jpg

If there is an heir to Chapelle's "History of the American Sailing Navy," it is this book. The format is somewhat similar, but with the inclusion of photos in addition to plans. This book picks up where Chapelle left off, with the early steam ships of the US Navy. These are the ships of fame of the Civil War, on which little good information is avaliable. The steam frigates are covered in detail, as well as the sea going sloops and gunboats. The section on the USS Michigan does not do her justice, nor is there a lot information on the engines of the period, but this book is an important missing link in US warship design history from the USS Constellation to the steel hulled ships of the Great White Fleet. Well worth the purchase price to a person interested in period naval archecture, as is VOL II, The Ironclads, and his book on Revenue Cutters.

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Donald L. Canney - The Old Steam Navy, Volume One, Frigates, Sloops, and Gunboats, 1815-1885 (1990).pdf

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Donald L. Canney - The Old Steam Navy, Volume Two, The Ironclads, 1842-1885 (1993).jpg

Before the advent of the new all steel navy in the 1880s, steam war vessels built by the U.S. Navy fell into two categories: the conventional, nonar-mored vessels and ironclad warships. For the most part, the conventional vessels might be considered steam-powered developments of the sailing warship and were the subject of the first volume of this work. On the other hand, the ironclad ships were in many instances complete departures from historical and traditional shipbuilding practice and incorporated the technological advances of the times. These vessels, spawned by the Civil War, present astounding diversity, ranging from mere casemated river scows to sophisticated tur-reted semioceangoing craft. They also represented vessels used in two diverse theaters of the war: those constructed for coastal operations, the majority of which were of the Monitor type; and the vessels of the Western River Flotilla, which were in the main casemated boats unsuited for sea service.

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Donald L. Canney - The Old Steam Navy, Volume Two, The Ironclads, 1842-1885 (1993).pdf

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David Grimsted - American Mobbing, 1828-1861, Towa rd Civil War (1998).jpg

American Mobbing, 1828-1861: Toward Civil War is a comprehensive history of mob violence related to sectional issues in antebellum America. David Grimsted argues that, though the issue of slavery provoked riots in both the North and the South, the riots produced two different reactions from authorities. In the South, riots against suspected abolitionists and slave insurrectionists were widely tolerated as a means of quelling anti-slavery sentiment. In the North, both pro-slavery riots attacking abolitionists and anti-slavery riots in support of fugitive slaves provoked reluctant but often effective riot suppression. Hundreds died in riots in both regions, but in the North, most deaths were caused by authorities, while in the South more than 90 percent of deaths were caused by the mobs themselves. These two divergent systems of violence led to two distinct public responses. In the South, widespread rioting quelled public and private questioning of slavery; in the North, the milder, more controlled riots generally encouraged sympathy for the anti-slavery movement. Grimsted demonstrates that in these two distinct reactions to mob violence, we can see major origins of the social split that infiltrated politics and political rioting and that ultimately led to the Civil War.

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David Grimsted - American Mobbing, 1828-1861, Towa rd Civil War (1998).pdf

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Sheila Kennedy - God and Country, America in Red a nd Blue (2007).jpeg

Americans increasingly think in terms of red and blue. God and Country examines the religious roots of these cultural divisions in American political life. But instead of pitting a people of faith against a secular humanist elite, God and Country helps Americans understand the religious differences that divide, appreciate the public agreements that allow us to live with religious differences, evaluate how existing democratic processes alleviate divisions, and identify ways Americans can agree to disagree.

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Sheila Kennedy - God and Country, America in Red a nd Blue (2007).pdf

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Donald D. Johnson - The United States in the Pacif ic, Private Interests and Public Policies, 1784-18 99 (1995).jpeg

01 - USA - Donald D. Johnson - The United States in the Pacific, P...Private Interests and Public Policies, 1784-1899 1995.jpeg

This book traces the development of American private interests in the Pacific before the 1840s--trading, whaling, sealing, missionary work, etc.--and the gradual evolution of U.S. governmental interests in the region beginning with the 1840s. While governmental policies in the Pacific at first complemented the private interests in the region, public policy had by the late decades of the 19th century begun to develop in directions that had little relation to specific or genuine private interests in the Pacific. The result was that by 1899 a serious gap had been created between the policies and actions of the United States government and private American interests in the Pacific--a gap that would create problems for American policy in the 20th century.

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Donald D. Johnson - The United States in the Pacif ic, Private Interests and Public Policies, 1784-18 99 (1995).pdf

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Ed Gruver - The Ice Bowl, The Cold Truth About Foo tball's Most Unforgettable Game (2005).jpg

In 13-degree sub-zero weather, on New Year’s Eve, 1967, a classic NFL championship game was played between the Dallas Cowboys and the Green Bay Packers. Sportswriter Ed Gruver weaves the fascinating details of this legendary game into a quick-paced, suspense-filled narrative that plunges readers into one of the fiercest football rivalries of all time.
The Ice Bowl details the history of two famous coaches—Vince Lombardi and Tom Landry—and the coaching philosophies that made them and their teams legends. Gruver successfully evokes many individual players’ stories of endurance, drive, and strategy. Ample background, personal interviews, action photos, and an undeniable passion for the game all contribute to this compelling account of the long-time rivalry that culminated on the "frozen tundra" of the Ice Bowl.
Includes diagrams, game and season statistics, and complete Ice Bowl play-by-play.

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Ed Gruver - The Ice Bowl, The Cold Truth About Foo tball's Most Unforgettable Game (2005).pdf

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Timothy Dowling - Personal Perspectives, World War II (2005).jpg

Personal Perspectives: World War II brings to life the experiences of specific segments of soldiers and civilians as they were affected by the conflict, capturing special characteristics of each group and the unique ways they experienced the war. Twelve essays written by top international scholars portray what it was really like to experience the war for groups ranging from marines, naval aviators, and liberators of concentration camps to prisoners of war, refugees, and women in factories. Of interest to both students and nonexperts, the book tells the stories of Japanese Americans forced into internment camps and African Americans who experienced intense discrimination, the call to activism, and opportunity in the armed forces. It offers the perspectives of Navajo "code talkers," diplomats like U.S. ambassador to Poland Anthony J. Biddle, who fled his post to avoid death, and scientists who worked on the Manhattan project, thereby introducing the most destructive form of warfare known to humanity.

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Timothy Dowling - Personal Perspectives, World War II (2005).pdf

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Barry Schwartz - Abraham Lincoln in the Post-Heroi c Era, History and Memory in Late Twentieth-Centur y America (2009).jpg

01 - USA - Barry Schwartz - Abraham Lincoln in the Post-Heroic Era...tory and Memory in Late Twentieth-Century America 2009.jpg

By the 1920s, Abraham Lincoln had transcended the lingering controversies of the Civil War to become a secular saint, honored in North and South alike for his steadfast leadership in crisis. Throughout the Great Depression and World War II, Lincoln was invoked countless times as a reminder of America’s strength and wisdom, a commanding ideal against which weary citizens could see their own hardships in perspective.But as Barry Schwartz reveals in Abraham Lincoln in the Post-Heroic Era, those years represent the apogee of Lincoln’s prestige. The decades following World War II brought radical changes to American culture, changes that led to the diminishing of all heroes—Lincoln not least among them. As Schwartz explains, growing sympathy for the plight of racial minorities, disenchantment with the American state, the lessening of patriotism in the wake of the Vietnam War, and an intensifying celebration of diversity, all contributed to a culture in which neither Lincoln nor any single person could be a heroic symbol for all Americans. Paradoxically, however, the very culture that made Lincoln an object of indifference, questioning, criticism, and even ridicule was a culture of unprecedented beneficence and inclusion, where racial, ethnic, and religious groups treated one another more fairly and justly than ever before. Thus, as the prestige of the Great Emancipator shrank, his legacy of equality continued to flourish.Drawing on a stunning range of sources—including films, cartoons, advertisements, surveys, shrine visitations, public commemorations, and more—Schwartz documents the decline of Lincoln’s public standing, asking throughout whether there is any path back from this post-heroic era. Can a new generation of Americans embrace again their epic past, including great leaders whom they know to be flawed? As the 2009 Lincoln Bicentennial approaches, readers will discover here a stirring reminder that Lincoln, as a man, still has much to say to us—about our past, our present, and our possible futures.

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John McMurtry - The Cancer Stage of Capitalism (19 99).jpg

In this bold new look at the recent uncontrolled spread of global capitalism, John McMurtry, professor of philosophy at the University of Guelph, develops the metaphor of modern capitalism as a cancer. Its invasive growth, he argues, threatens to break down our society's immune system and--if not soon restrained--could reverse all the progress that has been made toward social equity and stability. On every continent, in every state, there are indicators of profound economic and environmental collapse.

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John McMurtry - The Cancer Stage of Capitalism (19 99).pdf

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Stanley Karnow - Vietnam, A History (1984).jpg

Provides a comprehensive look at both sides of the Vietnam War through a collection of personal tales and delves into the political and military events in the United States and elsewhere that originally caused the war and the brought it to an end.

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Bonnie A. Osif, Anthony J. Baratta, Thomas W. Conk ling - TMI 25 Years Later, The Three Mile Island N uclear Power Plant Accident and Its Impact (2004).jpg

01 - USA - Bonnie A. Osif, Anthony J. Baratta, Thomas W. Conkling...sland Nuclear Power Plant Accident and Its Impact 2004.jpg

Three Mile Island burst into the nation’s headlines twenty-five years ago, forever changing our view of nuclear power. The dramatic accident held the world’s attention for an unsettling week in March 1979 as engineers struggled to understand what had happened and to bring the damaged reactor to a safe condition. Much has been written since then about TMI, but it is not easy to find up-to-date information that is both reliable and accessible to the non-scientific reader. TMI offers a much needed "one-stop" resource for a new generation of citizens, students, and policy makers.
The legacy of Three Mile Island has been far reaching. The worst nuclear accident in U.S. history marked a turning point in our policies, our perceptions, and our national identity. Those involved in the nuclear industry today study the scenario carefully and review the decontamination and recovery process. Risk management and the ability to rationally and understandably convey risks to the general population are an integral part of implementation of new technologies. Political, environmental, and energy decisions have been made with TMI as a factor, and while studies reveal little environmental damage from the accident, long term studies of health effects continue. TMI presents a balanced and factual account of the accident, the cleanup effort, and the many facets of its legacy twenty-five years later.
The authors bring extensive research and writing experience to this book. After the accident and the cleanup, a significant collection of videotapes, photographs, and reports were donated to the University Libraries at Penn State University. Bonnie Osif and Thomas Conkling are engineering librarians at Penn State who maintain a database of these materials, which they have made available to the general public through an award-winning website. Anthony Baratta is a nuclear engineer who worked with the decontamination and recovery project at TMI and is an expert in nuclear accidents. The book features unique photographs of the cleanup and helpful appendixes that enable readers to further investigate various aspects of the story.

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Bonnie A. Osif, Anthony J. Baratta, Thomas W. Conk ling - TMI 25 Years Later, The Three Mile Island N uclear Power Plant Accident and Its Impact (2004).pdf

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John Samples - James Madison and the Future of Lim ited Government (2002).jpg

The essays in this volume use Madison to engage such contemporary issues as multiculturalism, federalism, the emerging democracies, the scope of international law, and faith-based policy and politics. This book speaks to both the past and present of the American republic.

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John Samples - James Madison and the Future of Lim ited Government (2002).pdf

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Robert Self - Britain, the US and the War Debt Con troversy, 1917-34 An Unspecial Relationship (2006).jpeg

Even at its peak, during the Second World War, the so-called "Special Relationship" between Britain and the United States meant rather different things to the two great English-speaking powers involved. Few issues more ably demonstrate the complex nature of this ambivalent relationship, between the wars, than the vexed question of British and Allied war debts to the United States after World War I. Robert Self focuses on this beguiling - and until now much neglected - period in Anglo-American relations. The war debt was a particularly sensitive area of discussion in a world beset by economic difficulty, and militarizing again in preparation for the next great outbreak of violence. Sentimental notions of shared cultural and democratic values were tempered by a growing awareness of conflicting commercial, economic, strategic, naval and diplomatic imperatives. Based upon extensive, previously unpublished archival research on both sides of the Atlantic, in official and private collections of papers, for the first time this book offers a detailed, comprehensive analysis of the origins of the war debt problem from the 1920s through to Roosevelt's Lend-Lease programme in 1940-41. This new volume fills in the details of this crucial period of transition, and sets the stage for the events that occurred during the second war and beyond. It will be of great interest for diplomats, journalists, as well as students and scholars of political, diplomatic, economic and international history.

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Robert Self - Britain, the US and the War Debt Con troversy, 1917-34 An Unspecial Relationship (2006).pdf

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U Mnie same najlepsze screenmaty 2000-2005 roku I Deskmaty!!!!

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