In Shaping U.S. Military Forces, D. Robert Worley assesses military force changes that have been made since the Cold War, explains the many changes that have not been made, and recommends changes that must be made--as well as exploring the ways in which political and military forces line up to resist them. For over forty years there was consensus about maintaining large U.S. military forces. Today, as evidenced by the steady decline in defense spending since 1985, that consensus has evaporated, and a new equilibrium is being sought. Yet evidence of transformation is modest. By outward appearances, today's military is principally a smaller version of our Cold War forces, despite the fact that threat, missions, and strategies have changed. There has been no lack of reform effort at the highest levels of the defense bureaucracy. Under the leadership of General Colin Powell, the Joint Chiefs of Staff reexamined the roles and missions of the services. Recommendations followed. But, according to observers, change occurred only at the margins. Worley argues that the highly institutionalized cultures of the uniformed services offer the best explanation for why the American military is not a different force well over a decade after the fall of the Berlin Wall. Significant historical events, primarily from World War II forward, are used to explain belief systems within the individual services and sometimes within specific branches within a single service. Force planners commonly measure military end strength in terms of divisions, wings, and battle groups. Therefore, Worley examines the most important organizational structures--armored and infantry divisions, fighter and bomber wings, and carrier battle groups--and does so in the context of conflicts, including Vietnam, the Gulf War, Panama, Kosovo, and Somalia, and of course the unfinished conflicts in Afghanistan and Iraq. He highlights problems associated with the clash of service conceptions of war and the requirements of real conflict to examine the shape U.S. military forces have--and the shape they should assume.

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D. Robert Worley - Shaping U.S. Military Forces, R evolution or Relevance in a Post-Cold War World (2 006).pdf

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Daniel Finn - The True Wealth of Nations, Catholic Social Thought and Economic Life (2010).jpg

The True Wealth of Nations arises from the conviction that implementing a morally adequate vision of the economy will generate sustainable prosperity for all. It sets forth the beginnings of an architecture of analysis for relating economic life and Christian faith-intellectually and experientially-and helps social scientists, theologians, and all persons of faith to appreciate the true wealth of any nation.

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Daniel Finn - The True Wealth of Nations, Catholic Social Thought and Economic Life (2010).pdf

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Barbara L. Voss - The Archaeology of Ethnogenesis, Race and Sexuality in Colonial San Francisco (200 8).jpg

This innovative work of historical archaeology illuminates the genesis of the Californios, a community of military settlers who forged a new identity on the northwest edge of Spanish North America. Since 1993, Barbara L. Voss has conducted archaeological excavations at the Presidio of San Francisco, founded by Spain during its colonization of California's central coast. Her research at the Presidio forms the basis for this rich study of cultural identity formation, or ethnogenesis, among the diverse peoples who came from widespread colonized populations to serve at the Presidio. Through a close investigation of the landscape, architecture, ceramics, clothing, and other aspects of material culture, she traces shifting contours of race and sexuality in colonial California.

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Barbara L. Voss - The Archaeology of Ethnogenesis, Race and Sexuality in Colonial San Francisco (200 8) [PDF].rar

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Beatrice Gottlieb - The Family in the Western Worl d from the Black Death to the Industrial Age (1994 ).jpg

During the last few decades the study of the family has flourished, and in the process many myths about what life was like two or three centuries ago have been debunked. For example, contrary to popular belief, we now know that most women in the preindustrial West did not marry before they were twenty-five. Most households consisted of no more than four or five people, usually including unrelated young people working as servants. And perhaps most surprising of all, multigenerational households were not very common. Pulling together much fascinating information about the family in the preindustrial Western world, Beatrice Gottlieb presents every aspect of this rich subject with clarity and fairness. Her generously illustrated book deals with the households of the wealthy and the poor, courtship and marriage, the care and training of children, and the bonds (and strains) of kinship. The matter of inheritance receives special attention, as it played a substantial role in a world permeated by rank and status, and its importance gave the family a peculiar social and economic significance. With a focus on the ordinary people whose everyday lives strike a responsive chord in all of us, as well as brief appearances by famous people and important events in history--Henry VIII's divorce, Benjamin Franklin's apprenticeship to his brother, and Mary Wollstonecraft's death in childbirth--this remarkable, eminently readable work brings to vivid life the wives and husbands, servants and masters, children and parents of a not too distant past.

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Beatrice Gottlieb - The Family in the Western Worl d from the Black Death to the Industrial Age (1994 ).pdf

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Donna Alvah - Unofficial Ambassadors, American Mil itary Families Overseas and the Cold War, 1946-196 5 (2007).jpg

01 - USA - Donna Alvah - Unofficial Ambassadors, American Military...ary Families Overseas and the Cold War, 1946-1965 2007.jpg

View the Table of Contents.
Read the Introduction.
"Alvah uses a deft comparison of U.S. policies toward military families--and these women's own ideas about what they were doing--on American bases to reveal how 'soft power' was as crucial as 'hard power' in waging war."
—Cynthia Enloe, author of The Curious Feminist: Searching for Women in a New Age of Empire
"Alvah's imive and well-written account shines light on a time when American leaders understood that friendship mattered in foreign relations--a lesson well worth learning today."
—Elaine Tyler May, author of Homeward Bound: American Families in the Cold War Era
“A fascinating, well-researched, and theoretically-informed contribution to the scholarship integrating the personal and political components of America’s Cold War empire. Donna Alvah’s imive book traces the contradictions that resulted when some of the half-million American wives and children who were overseas with U.S. military personnel tried to reach out to their German, Okinawan, or other foreign hosts while also affirming the supposed superiority of the American way of life. A natural for courses on foreign relations or gender history.”
—Frank Costigliola, author of France and the United States: The Cold Alliance Since World War II
As thousands of wives and children joined American servicemen stationed at overseas bases in the years following World War II, the military family represented a friendlier, more humane side of the United States' campaign for dominance in the Cold War. Wives in particular were encouraged to use their feminine influence to forge ties with residents of occupied and host nations. In this untold story of Cold War diplomacy, Donna Alvah describes how these "unofficial ambassadors" spread the United States' perception of itself and its image of world order in the communities where husbands and fathers were stationed, cultivating relationships with both local people and other military families in private homes, churches, schools, women's clubs, shops, and other places.
Unofficial Ambassadors reminds us that, in addition to soldiers and world leaders, ordinary people make vital contributions to a nation's military engagements. Alvah broadens the scope of the history of the Cold War by analyzing how ideas about gender, family, race, and culture shaped the U.S. military presence abroad.

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Donna Alvah - Unofficial Ambassadors, American Mil itary Families Overseas and the Cold War, 1946-196 5 (2007).pdf

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Glenna Matthews - The Rise of Public Woman, Woman' s Power and Woman's Place in the United States, 16 30-1970 (1994).jpg

01 - USA - Glenna Matthews - The Rise of Public Woman, Womans Powe... and Womans Place in the United States, 1630-1970 1994.jpg

This richly woven history ranges from the seventeenth century to the present as it masterfully traces the movement of American women out of the home and into the public sphere. Matthews examines the Revolutionary War period, when women exercised political strength through the boycott of household goods and Elizabeth Freeman successfully sued for freedom from enslavement in one of the two cases that ended slavery in Massachusetts. She follows the expansion of the country west, where a developing frontier attracted strong, resourceful women, and into the growing cities, where women entered public life through employment in factories and offices. Matthews illuminates the contributions of such outstanding Civil War women as Mary Ann "Mother" Bickerdyke, who supervised a cattle drive down the banks of the Mississippi so that soldiers would have fresh milk; Clara Barton, whose humanitarian work on behalf of the International Red Cross led her to become the first American woman to serve as official representative of the federal government; and Sojourner Truth, the impassioned black orator who devoted herself to emancipation. And Matthews brings the narrative to the 1970s, detailing the growing presence of women in American politics--from the suffrage marches of the early twentieth century, to the courageous stands women took during the civil rights movement of the 1960s. A fascinating and perceptive look at women throughout our history, The Rise of Public Woman offers an important perspective on the changing public role of women in the United States.

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Glenna Matthews - The Rise of Public Woman, Woman' s Power and Woman's Place in the United States, 16 30-1970 (1994).pdf

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Spencer C. Tucker, James Arnold, Roberta Wiener - The Encyclopedia of North American Colonial Confli cts to 1775, A Political, Social, and Military His tory (2008).jpg

01 - USA - Spencer C. Tucker, James Arnold, Roberta Wiener - The ...o 1775, A Political, Social, and Military History 2008.jpg

Encyclopedia of North American Colonial Conflicts to 1775: A Political, Social, and Military History is the first multivolume resource on the full range of combat and confrontation in the New World prior to the American Revolution—not just rivalries between European empires but Indian conflicts, slave rebellions, and popular uprisings as well.
Organized A–Z, the encyclopedia covers all major wars and conflicts in North America from the late-15th to mid-18th centuries, with discussions of key battles, diplomatic efforts, military technologies, and strategies and tactics. Encyclopedia of North American Colonial Conflicts to 1775 explores the context for conflict, with essays on competing colonial powers, every major Native American tribe, all important political and military leaders, and a range of social and cultural issues. The insights and information contained here will help anyone understand the genesis of North American culture, the plight of Native Americans after European contact, and the beginnings of the United States of America.

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Spencer C. Tucker, James Arnold, Roberta Wiener - The Encyclopedia of North American Colonial Confli cts to 1775, A Political, Social, and Military His tory (2008).pdf

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Michael D. Gordin - Five Days in August, How World War II Became a Nuclear War (2007).jpg

Most Americans believe that the Second World War ended because the two atomic bombs dropped on Japan forced it to surrender. Five Days in August boldly presents a different interpretation: that the military did not clearly understand the atomic bomb's revolutionary strategic potential, that the Allies were almost as stunned by the surrender as the Japanese were by the attack, and that not only had experts planned and fully anticipated the need for a third bomb, they were skeptical about whether the atomic bomb would work at all. With these ideas, Michael Gordin reorients the historical and contemporary conversation about the A-bomb and World War II.
Gordin posits that although the bomb clearly brought with it a new level of destructive power, strategically it was regarded by decision-makers simply as a new conventional weapon, a bigger firebomb. To lend greater understanding to the thinking behind its deployment, Gordin takes the reader to the island of Tinian, near Guam, the home base for the bombing campaign, and the location from which the anticipated third atomic bomb was to be delivered. He also details how Americans generated a new story about the origins of the bomb after surrender: that the United States knew in advance that the bomb would end the war and that its destructive power was so awesome no one could resist it.
Five Days in August explores these and countless other legacies of the atomic bomb in a glaring new light. Daring and iconoclastic, it will result in far-reaching discussions about the significance of the A-bomb, about World War II, and about the moral issues they have spawned.

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Michele Aaron - Stand, Columbia, A History of Colu mbia University (2003).jpg

The elaborate mosaic that displays as it should be displayed Columbia's long and rich history. This is an incomparable account of a great institution rooted inextricably in a great city.
Stand, Columbia! Alma MaterThrough the storms of Time abideStand, Columbia! Alma MaterThrough the storms of Time abide."Stand, Columbia!" by Gilbert Oakley Ward, Columbia College 1902 (1904)Marking the 250th anniversary of one of America's oldest and most formidable educational institutions, this comprehensive history of Columbia University extends from the earliest discussions in 1704 about New York City being "a fit Place for a colledge" to the recent inauguration of president Lee Bollinger, the nineteenth, on Morningside Heights. One of the original "Colonial Nine" schools, Columbia's distinctive history has been intertwined with the history of New York City. Located first in lower Manhattan, then in midtown, and now in Morningside Heights, Columbia's national and international stature have been inextricably identified with its urban setting.Columbia was the first of America's "multiversities," moving beyond its original character as a college dedicated to undergraduate instruction to offer a comprehensive program in professional and graduate studies. Medicine, law, architecture, and journalism have all looked to the graduates and faculty of Columbia's schools to provide for their ongoing leadership and vitality. In 2003, a sampling of Columbia alumni include one member of the United States Supreme Court, three United States senators, three congressmen, three governors (New York, New Jersey, and California), a chief justice of the New York Court of Appeals, and a president of the New York City Board of Education. But it is perhaps as a contributor of ideas and voices to the broad discourse of American intellectual life that Columbia has most distinguished itself. From The Federalist Papers,written by Columbians John Jay and Alexander Hamilton, to Charles Beard's An Economic Interpretation of the Constitutionand Jack Kerouac's On the Roadto Edward Said's Orientalism,Columbia and its graduates have greatly influenced American intellectual and public life. Stand, Columbiaalso examines the experiences of immigrants, women, Jews, African Americans, and other groups as it takes critical measure of the University's efforts to become more inclusive and more reflective of the diverse city that it calls home.

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Stan B. Cohen - East Wind Rain, A Pictorial Histor y of the Pearl Harbor Attack (1981).jpg

This is a superior historical review, in pictorial form, of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. The 50th Anniversary edition has been greatly expanded to include diagrams and photographs that were not in the original edition. Although of a pictorial nature, the text is scholarly, extremely well-researched and concise. The maps and previously unpublished photographs place the attack in an accurate historical context. This book is in the "must read" classification and it is another diamond among author Stan Cohen's many diamonds.

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Stan B. Cohen - East Wind Rain, A Pictorial Histor y of the Pearl Harbor Attack (1981).pdf

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Andrea Slane - A Not So Foreign Affair, Fascism, S exuality, and the Cultural Rhetoric of American De mocracy (2001).jpg

01 - USA - Andrea Slane - A Not So Foreign Affair, Fascism, Sexual..., and the Cultural Rhetoric of American Democracy 2001.jpg

In A Not So Foreign Affair Andrea Slane investigates the influence of images of Nazism on debates about sexuality that are central to contemporary American political rhetoric. By analyzing an array of films, journalism, scholarly theories, melodrama, video, and propaganda literature, Slane describes a common rhetoric that emerged during the 1930s and 1940s as a means of distinguishing “democratic sexuality” from that ascribed to Nazi Germany.
World War II marked a turning point in the cultural rhetoric of democracy, Slane claims, because it intensified a preoccupation with the political role of private life and pushed sexuality to the center of democratic discourse. Having created tremendous anxiety—and fascination—in American culture, Nazism became associated with promiscuity, sexual perversionand the destruction of the family. Slane reveals how this particular imprint of fascism is used in progressive as well as conservative imagery and language to further their domestic agendas and shows how our cultural engagement with Nazism reflects the inherent tension in democracy between the value of diversity, individual freedoms national identity, and notions of the common good. Finally, she applies her analysis of wartime narratives to contemporary texts, examining anti-abortion, anti-gay, and anti-federal rhetoric, as well as the psychic life of skinheads, censorship debates, and the contemporary fascination with incest.
An invaluable resource for understanding the language we use—both visual and narrative—to describe and debate democracy in the United States today, A Not So Foreign Affair will appeal to those interested in cultural studies, film and video studies, American studies, twentieth century history, German studies, rhetoric, and sexuality studies.

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Andrea Slane - A Not So Foreign Affair, Fascism, S exuality, and the Cultural Rhetoric of American De mocracy (2001).pdf

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Edward A. Purcell Jr. - Litigation and Inequality, Federal Diversity Jurisdiction in Industrial Amer ica, 1870-1958 (1992).jpg

01 - USA - Edward A. Purcell Jr. - Litigation and Inequality, Fed...ity Jurisdiction in Industrial America, 1870-1958 1992.jpg

Through the prism of litigation practice and tactics, Purcell explores the dynamic relationship between legal and social change. He studies changing litigation patterns in suits between individuals and national corporations over tort claims for personal injuries and contract claims for insurance benefits. Purcell refines the "progressive" claim that the federal courts favored business enterprise during this time, identifying specific manners and times in which the federal courts reached decisions both in favor of and against national corporations. He also identifies 1892-1908 as a critical period in the evolution of the twentieth century federal judicial system.

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Edward A. Purcell Jr. - Litigation and Inequality, Federal Diversity Jurisdiction in Industrial Amer ica, 1870-1958 (1992).pdf

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Kass Fleisher - The Bear River Massacre and the Ma king of History (2004).jpg

Explores how a pivotal event in American history-the massacre of over 300 Shoshone men, women, and children in 1863-has been constructed, contested, negotiated, and forgotten.

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Kass Fleisher - The Bear River Massacre and the Ma king of History (2004).pdf

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Key Concepts in American History - Reyna Eisenstar k - Abolitionism (2010).jpg

From John Adams to the women who supported abolition, this volume provides a comprehensive history of the abolitionist movement. Beginning with a historical explanation of the African slave trade and its role in American history, Abolitionism explores every important person, event, and issue that helped push the North and South closer to the Civil War. This book also includes colorful sidebars featuring primary resource documents like the Gettysburg Address and narratives from Harriet Beecher Stowe's Uncle Tom's Cabin.

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Key Concepts in American History - Reyna Eisenstar k - Abolitionism (2010).pdf

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Key Concepts in American History - Jennifer L., Ph .D. Weber, Darrell J. Kozlowski - Colonialism (201 0).jpg

From the daring adventurers sailing across the Atlantic in search of the riches of the East to the first wave of European settlers on America's shores, colonialism played a major role in the formation of our modern-day country. Colonialism covers the nine key concepts of colonialism: colonies, economics and trade, European nations, explorers and conquerors, government, Native Americans, people and society, religion, and wars and battles. With an in-depth explanation of the history of colonization, beginning with early world exploration, readers will learn about the most important figures, events, and issues that built the foundation for the United States.

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Key Concepts in American History - Jennifer L., Ph .D. Weber, Darrell J. Kozlowski - Colonialism (201 0).pdf

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Key Concepts in American History - Jason Mauch - I ndustrialism (2010).jpg

Should the United States be concerned with affairs among other countries or should it remain silent on the issues facing other nations? This question has challenged American leaders since the country's inception. Internationalism explores the argument over whether the United States should be more or less involved in the affairs of other countries. By discussing the major events, issues, and countries that have received help from the United States in the past, this book provides a thorough history of U.S. foreign policy. Informative sidebars and primary resource documents supplement the text with information on Boris Yeltsin, the Yalta Conference, the Berlin Wall, NATO, and much more.

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