Archeology of Mesopotamia - Babylon and Assyria. Empire Hammurabi, acquaintance to which creativity begins a trade of philosophers, historians, lawyers.

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Percy Stuart. Peache Handcock - Mesopotamian archa eology; an introduction to the archaeology of Baby lonia and Assyria. (1912).djvu

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Norman Bancroft Hunt - Living in Ancient Mesopotam ia (2008).jpg

Living in Ancient Mesopotamia covers the period from 4000 BCE (Sumer) and 1000 to 500 BCE (Assyria and Babylonia). It examines the day-to-day lives of ancient Mesopotamians, from kings and priests to slaves. The structures of the family and government are explained, as well as the effects on Mesopotamian law of several major rulers. Particular attention is paid to the contribution of Sumerian culture, including the plow, the pottery wheel, copper and bronze smithing, writing, and mathematics.

With timelines, maps, detailed photography, and full-color illustrations, Living in Ancient Mesopotamia is an engaging reference for teenagers and young adults that brings the ancient world to life.

Chapters include:
- The Sumerians
- Creating Order
- The Age of Super-States
- New Babylonia

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Norman Bancroft Hunt - Living in Ancient Mesopotam ia (2008).pdf

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Katherine Reece - The Mesopotamians; Conquerors Of The Middle East (2005).jpg

Who were the Mesopotamians?
Sumerians and the first civilization
Crops and animals
Mesopotamian clothing
Arts, crafts, and temples as part of everyday life
Center of trade
War and conquest
Beliefs and gods
Death and afterlife
The people today.

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Katherine Reece - The Mesopotamians; Conquerors Of The Middle East (2005).pdf

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Marc J. H. Linssen - The Cults of Uruk and Babylon ; The Temple Ritual Texts As Evidence for Hellenis tic Cult Practises (2003).jpg

Mesopotamia - Marc J. H. Linssen - The Cults of Uruk and Babylon Th...exts As Evidence for Hellenistic Cult Practises 2003.jpg

This volume deals with temple ritual texts from ancient Mesopotamia, in particular from the cities Uruk and Babylon. Key question is whether they are a reliable source of information on the cult practices in Uruk and Babylon during the Hellenistic period. In the book an extensive description is presented of the festivals, rituals, ceremonies and offerings in Hellenistic Mesopotamia. The appendix consists of a selection of the most important temple ritual texts, which are presented in transliteration, translation and with philological comments. Four plates with so far unpublished text fragments are also included. The evidence clearly shows how important the public cults were in Hellenistic times, at least until the first century B.C., and how active the Mesopotamians were in matters of religion and cult during this period.

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Marc J. H. Linssen - The Cults of Uruk and Babylon ; The Temple Ritual Texts As Evidence for Hellenis tic Cult Practises (2003).pdf

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Georges Contenau - Życie codzienne w Babilonii i A syrii (1963).jpg

WIADOMOŚCI OGÓLNE. Kraj. Mieszkańcy. Język. Historia Mezopotamii w latach 7* – *0 p.n.e. Chronologia. WARSTWY SPOŁECZNE. Rodzina. Mieszkania. Człowiek wolny i małżeństwo. Niewolnik. Sprzedaż niewolników. Niewolnicy świątyń. Wykup. Mieszkanie. *. Zastosowanie gliny. Pokrycie budynków i górne piętro. Zdobnictwo. Sprzęty. Oświetlenie i ogrzewanie. Miasto. Jego ro*anowanie. Babilon. Wielkie budynki. Merkes. Eufrat i jego most. Doprowadzenie wody. Mury miejskie. Bramy. Wieś. Kanały. Użyźnienie uzyskane za pomocą nawadniania. Żegluga. Kufa i Kelek. Połów ryb. Ogrody. Ogród Merodach-Baladan. Podwórko. Uprawa roli. Rośliny zbożowe. Motyka i pług. Młócenie ziarna. Sprzedaże i pożyczki zboża. Bydło *owe. Osły. Dziki osioł i koń. Bydło rogate. Owce, kozy. Przemysł mleczarski. Wielbłąd. Pasterze i psy. Handel bydłem. Dzikie zwierzęta. Polowanie. Przewóz drogami lądowymi. Karawana. ZYCIE CODZIENNE. Powitanie poranne. Toaleta. Włosy i zarost. Mydło. Cyrulik. Ubiór męski. Stroje kobiece. Pieczęcie. Posiłki. Chleb. Napoje. Piwo i wino palmowe. Wino. Drzewo palmowe. Rzekome zapładnianie palmy przedstawione na płaskorzeźbach. Słupek kwiatu męskiego. Jarzyny, ryby, mięso. Szarańcza. Sery, wyroby cukiernicze i owoce. Naczynia. Trunki. PRACA I HANDEL. Stosunek sprzedającego do nabywcy. Odpowiedzialność. Organizacja pracy w Kapadocji. Cele handlu. Organizacja karawany. Handel w Nuzi. Firma Muraszu w Nippur. Wynagrodzenie. Umowa o akord. Nadzorcy. Koszty utrzymania. Wagi i miary. Miernik w wymiarach. Wartość artykułów żywnościowych. Miedź i brąz. Żelazo, złoto i srebro. Odlewanie posągów i ich złocenie. Naczynia i klejnoty. Garncarz. Koszykarz. Sprzedawcy tkanin. Cukiernik. Handlarz pieśni. II. KRÓL I PAŃSTWO. Pałac królewski. Pałac w Chorsabad. Wykopaliska. Budowa i*an pałacu. Pałace drugorzędne. Ogrody i babilońskie „ogrody wiszące”. Zdobnictwo. Płaskorzeźby. Pałace prowincjonalne. Idea monarchii. Podstawy prawne władzy królewskiej. Mianowanie przez bogów. Król Asyrii nie jest bogiem. Wyznaczanie następcy. Koronacja. Zwyczajny dzień króla. Ubiór. Klejnoty i broń. Wozy królewskie. Sprzęty królewskie. Kość słoniowa. Rozrywki. Uczty. Muzyka. Taniec. Polowanie. Orszak królewski. Zarządzanie państwem. D*omacja. Przyjmowanie hołdowników. Danina cedrów z Libanu. Wojna. Bogowie rozkazują. Armia. Saperzy i artyleria. Obóz. Łup wojenny. Ósma kampania Sargona. Grabież w mieście Musasir. Wojna z Elamem i grabież w Suzie. Marynarka wojenna. III. MYŚL MEZOPOTAMSKA. Pojęcie ogólne. Doktryna imienia. Głos. Imiona osób. Ton inkantacji. Potęga pisma, rysunku, rzeźby, śpiewu i tańca. Konieczność ukrywania prawdziwego imienia. Potęga liczb. Gra słów i pismo. Zagadki. „Szata Marduka”. BRG’YH król KTK. Symbolika asyryjska. WIEDZA. Pismo. Kształcenie pisarza. Ewolucja pisma. Od piktografii do sylabizmu. Odczytanie pisma. Pismo kryptograficzne. Biblioteka Assurbanipala. Literatura Asyryjczyków i Babilończyków. Literatura religijna. „Poemat o stworzeniu świata”. Potop. Mity o Zu i smoku Labbu. Tak zwany „Poemat o upadku”. Legenda o Ninurcie.

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Amar Annus, - Divination and Interpretation of Sig ns in the Ancient World (2010).jpg

The concept of sign, a portent observed in the physical world, which indicates future events, is found in all ancient cultures, but was first developed in ancient Mesopotamian texts. This branch of Babylonian scientific knowledge extensively influenced other parts of the world, and similar texts written in Aramaic, Sanscrit, Sogdian, and other languages. The seminar investigates how much we know about the Babylonian theory and hermeneutics of omens, and the scope of their possible influences on other cultures and regions.

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Amar Annus, - Divination and Interpretation of Sig ns in the Ancient World (2010).pdf

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Francesca Rochberg - The Heavenly Writing, Divinat ion, Horoscopy, and Astronomy in Mesopotamian Cult ure (2004).jpg

Mesopotamia - Francesca Rochberg - The Heavenly Writing, Divination...oroscopy, and Astronomy in Mesopotamian Culture 2004.jpg

In antiquity, the expertise of the Babylonians in matters of the heavens was legendary and the roots of both western astronomy and astrology are traceable in cuneiform tablets going back to the second and first millennia B.C. The Heavenly Writing discusses Babylonian celestial divination, horoscopy, and astronomy, their differentiations as well as interconnection and their place in Mesopotamian intellectual culture. Focusing chiefly on celestial divination and horoscopes, it traces the emergence of personal astrology from the tradition of celestial divination and the way astronomical methods were employed for horoscopes. It further takes up the historiographical and philosophical issue of the nature of these Mesopotamian 'celestial sciences' by examining elements traditionally of concern to the philosophy of science (empiricism, prediction, and theory) in relation to the Babylonian material without sacrificing the ancient methods, goals, and interests to a modern image of science. This book will be of particular interest for those concerned with the early history of science and the problems introduced by modern distinction between science, magic, and religion for the study and understanding of ancient cultures.

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Marc Van De Mieroop - King Hammurabi of Babylon A Biography (2005).jpg

“Van De Mieroop evokes vividly Hammurabi’s rise from one King among many to Lord of a territory stretching from the Gulf into Syria …. He succeeds in delineating Hammurabi’s remarkable achievements and providing glimpses of his personality.” Amelie Kuhrt, University College London

"In an age that featured aggressive militarism and shaky thrones, Hammurabi of Babylon forged clever alliances and practiced patient strategies. In these accessible and well-turned pages, Marc Van De Mieroop explains how Hammurabi created an empire through martial and administrative talents. But he also details another of Hammurabi's major achievements: sponsoring a law code that places him, along with Moses, as one of antiquity's greatest lawgivers. I recommend this book to one and all." Jack M. Sasson, Vanderbilt University

"Marc Van De Mieroop brings to history a flair for a story....Mieroop has delivered a readable history of a time strangely familiar as we watch modern Iraqis working towards hopefully, a similarly benign relationship." Insights

"This is an excellent book, also easily accessible for the uninitiated. It provides authoritative information on a ruler who was a conqueror, the ancient lawgiver ... One can only look forward to the future volumes in the series on the lives of great men and women of ancient times." Scholia Reviews

"Insofar as it is possible to write Hammurabi's story, Van De Mieroop has done so. Based as it is on a thorough knowledge of both long-known and recently published evidence, a solid acquaintance with the most up-to-date scholarship, and a historian's awareness of the varying reliability of the ancient sources, this book is an excellent account of a fascinating ruler, and as near to biography as one is going to get." Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies

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Marc Van De Mieroop - King Hammurabi of Babylon A Biography (2005).pdf

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Zénaide Alexeievna Ragozin - Assyria from the Rise of the Empire to the Fall of Nineveh (1905).jpeg

Mesopotamia - Znaide Alexeievna Ragozin - Assyria from the Rise of the Empire to the Fall of Nineveh 1905.jpeg

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Zénaide Alexeievna Ragozin - Assyria from the Rise of the Empire to the Fall of Nineveh (1905).pdf

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DK Eyewitness - Philip Steele - Ancient Iraq (2007 ).jpg

Be an eyewitness to Ancient Iraq. Go back in time to between 3500 to 500 BC, and visit the 'land between two rivers'. Discover the birthplace of writing and farming and where the first great cities, states and empires rose; home to the Sumerian, Assyrian, and Babylonian civilizations. Get the picture using the clip-art CD with over 100 amazing images to download. Then use the giant pull-out wallchart to decorate your room. Great for projects or just for fun, this fact-packed guide and CD will show and tell you everything you need to know about this ancient land and civilization. "I am a big fan of these...They are brilliantly visual". "There isn't a child that would be able to resist picking that up" - "Reader Reviews".

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DK Eyewitness - Philip Steele - Ancient Iraq (2007 ).pdf

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A. Kirk Grayson - Assyrian Rulers of the Early Fir st Millennium BC II (858-745 BC) (1996).jpg

In this, the seventh volume to be published by the Royal Inscriptions of Mesopotamia Project, A. Kirk Grayson presents the texts of the royal inscriptions from the earlier phase of the Neo-Assyrian period, a time in which the Assyrian kings campaigned as far as the Mediterranean and came into direct contact with biblical lands. In this period the Assyrian empire embraced most of the civilized parts of western Asia including western Iran, Mesopotamia, southern Turkey, and the shores of the Levant. It was an exciting and tumultous period involving palace revolutions and harem intrigues, and it was a time in which the legendary Semiramis played a prominent role.The inscriptions speak of the kings' building of palaces and temples in various parts of Assyria, of the gods who were invoked to bless their enterprises, of revolutions and a multitude of military conquests. Each text is accompanied by a brief introduction, a catalogue of exemplars, commentary, bibliography, transliteration, translation, and notes. The book contains an introduction to the volume as a whole and indexes. 'Scores,' published on microfiche, are located in a pocket at the back of the book.

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A. Kirk Grayson - Assyrian Rulers of the Early Fir st Millennium BC II (858-745 BC) (1996).pdf

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Gwendolyn Leick - Historical Dictionary of Mesopot amia (2009).jpg

The second edition of the Historical Dictionary of Mesopotamia defines concepts, customs, and notions peculiar to the civilization of ancient Mesopotamia, from adult adoption to ziggurats. This is accomplished through a chronology, an introductory essay, a bibliography, appendixes, and hundreds of cross-reference dictionary entries on religion, economy, society, geography, and important kings and rulers.

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Gwendolyn Leick - Historical Dictionary of Mesopot amia (2009).pdf

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Gwendolyn Leick - Babylonian World (2007).jpg

The Babylonian World presents an extensive, up-to-date and lavishly illustrated history of the ancient state Babylonia and its 'holy city', Babylon.

Historicized by the New Testament as a centre of decadence and corruption, Babylon and its surrounding region was in fact a rich and complex civilization, responsible for the invention of the dictionary and laying the foundations of modern science. This book explores all key aspects of the development of this ancient culture, including the ecology of the region and its famously productive agriculture, its political and economic standing, its religious practices, and the achievements of its intelligentsia.

Comprehensive and accessible, this book will be an indispensable resource for anyone studying the period.

About the Author
Gwendolyn Leick is presently senior lecturer at Chelsea College of Art and Design. A specialist in the Ancient Near East, she has published extensively on the topic, including The Dictionary of Ancient Near Eastern Architecture and Who's Who in the Ancient Near East

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Erica Reiner - Astral Magic in Babylonia (1995).jpg

Author Erica Reiner collected the Near Eastern material for this book over many years of association with the “Chicago Assyrian Dictionary.” She culled her sources from such scientific texts as medicine, divination, & rituals, which are not usually included in anthologies of Mesopotamian texts & are rarely available in translation. Chapters: The Role of Stars; The Art of the Herbalist; Medicine; Divination; Apotropaia; Sorcerers & Sorceresses; The Nature of Stones; & Nocturnal Rituals. Illustrations.

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Erica Reiner - Astral Magic in Babylonia (1995).pdf

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Robert William Rogers - A History of Babylonia and Assyria (1900).jpg

Babylonia and Assyria were two of the greatest nations the history of mankind has brought forth. These two great Mesopotamian civilizations were best known for their massive armies and instruments of war. This is not surprising, since they were rarely at peace with one another. They were, however, heavily influenced by each other, as well as their predecessors, the Sumerians. Much of what we taken for granted today, the arts and science of industry and invention, were bequeathed to us from these ancient cultures. This two-volume series is remarkable in that it offers an exceedingly comprehensive and detailed looked at ancient Babylonia and Assyria. The way in which these reference works were compiled and written will bring noteworthy enjoyment for the curious reader.

These two volumes are based mostly on the archaeological discoveries of the late 19th Century, and are well-referenced and cited with footnotes from that period. As a result, much of what they have to say is timeless, in a sense, because of nature of how the information is presented. For example, randomly thumbing through this 900 page tome and stopping to read a passage will normally result in the reader being completely preoccupied in whatever annals of history is being revealed. As a professor of ancient Oriental literature at Princeton University at the turn of the twentieth century, professor Robert William Rogers provides a competent perspective concerning the past history of Babylonia and Assyria. This book was skillfully written from the author’s vast scholarship and understanding on these subjects.

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Robert William Rogers - A History of Babylonia and Assyria 1 (1900).pdf

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Robert William Rogers - A History of Babylonia and Assyria 2 (1900).pdf

Volume two examines the beginnings of the Assyrian empire, its trials and tribulations, and how it eventually held authority over the Babylonians. The author reveals in meticulous detail each of the kingships as well as the accompanying wars, revolts and rebellions. A considerable amount of space is devoted to the reigns of specific Assyrian kings, including Asshurnazirpal, Shalmaneser, Asshurnirari, Sargon, and many others. Throughout these Assyrian king’s regimes many new cities were founded, and others destroyed, along the banks for the Euphrates river. Also included is a detailed record on the noteworthy conquests, tributes, and building projects of each kingship. This volume also covers the reign of Sennacherib, who ascended to the throne after the mysterious death of Sargon II in 705 B.C.E. As was the case many times with kings in ancient Assyria, Sennacherib was assassinated, leaving his son, Esarhaddon the legal heir to the throne. We owe a great deal of thanks to the next king, Asshurbanapal, for he was devoted to the collection of books in the form of clay tablets. He took great care that his deeds and his wars, his buildings and his very thoughts and hope, should be carefully written down. During his reign it was obvious that the Assyrian empire had started to collapse. Asshurbanapal’s death in 626 B.C.E., began a new revolt by the Babylonians, who, with the help of the Meades,* were finally able to subdue their long-time rivals. This two-volume set concludes with a brief history of the Chaldean empire, whose most famous king, Nebuchadnezzar, helped restore Babylon to its former glory. ISBN 1-59016-317-6 o 418 + xviii pages o 6 x 9 o tradepaper o illustrated

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